CN118252147A - 一种含氟咯菌腈的杀菌剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含氟咯菌腈的杀菌剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN118252147A CN118252147A CN202410414364.8A CN202410414364A CN118252147A CN 118252147 A CN118252147 A CN 118252147A CN 202410414364 A CN202410414364 A CN 202410414364A CN 118252147 A CN118252147 A CN 118252147A
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- Prior art keywords
- fludioxonil
- sodium
- agent
- sulfonate
- agents
- Prior art date
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- MUJOIMFVNIBMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N fludioxonil Chemical compound C=12OC(F)(F)OC2=CC=CC=1C1=CNC=C1C#N MUJOIMFVNIBMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- IBBMAWULFFBRKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N picolinamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 IBBMAWULFFBRKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种含氟咯菌腈的杀菌剂及其制备方法，所述杀菌剂以氟咯菌腈为一有效成分，以吡啶菌酰胺为另一有效成分，其中氟咯菌腈与吡啶菌酰胺的质量比为1:10～10:1。本发明的杀菌剂由两种作用机制不同的有效成分组成，以一定比例复配后具有明显的协同增效作用，提高了防治效果，同时也有利于克服和延缓病菌抗药性的产生；药剂混配减少了用药量，从而降低了成本和减轻了对环境的污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种杀菌剂，具体涉及一种含氟咯菌腈的杀菌剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
氟咯菌腈（Fludioxonil）又名咯菌腈，属于苯基吡咯类杀菌剂，化学名称为：4-(2,2-二氟-1,3-苯并二氧-4-基)吡咯-3-腈。其作用机理独特，可抑制葡萄糖磷酰化有关的转移，渗透信号传导中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶／组氨酸激酶的磷酸化，甘油等多醇类增加，抑制分生孢子萌发、真菌菌丝体生长，也可促进作物幼苗生长，提高抗病性相关酶的活性等。
吡啶菌酰胺（florylpicoxamid）是一种广谱吡啶酰胺类杀菌剂，对子囊菌门和担子菌门20多种植物病原真菌均有抑制作用。加拿大PMRA同期批准的100 g/L吡啶菌酰胺乳油用于防治葫芦、葡萄等多种作物的白粉病、早疫病、灰霉病等多种病害；吡啶菌酰胺50 g/L+吡唑醚菌酯100 g/L乳油产品，登记用于防治小麦、油菜、甜菜等作物叶斑病、黑胫病、菌核病及扁豆炭疽病等多种作物病害，其结构式为，CAS登记号为：1961312-55-9。
氟咯菌腈单剂长期使用，容易使病害产生抗药性，导致用药量加大、防效降低、持效期缩短的问题，不利于环境可持续发展。而不同作用机理的有效成分进行复配，是延缓病害产生抗药性常用的方法，并根据实际生产应用中的效果，来判断此复配是增效作用还是拮抗作用。绝大多数情况下，农药的复配效果都是相加作用，真正有增效作用的复配很少，特别是增效作用特别明显的复配就更少了。
CN102017954A公开了氟咯菌腈与丙环唑、多菌灵、福美双、氰烯菌酯、咯菌腈、多抗霉素中的一种在一定范围内混配使用，对白粉病、恶苗病、稻瘟病、纹枯病、立枯病、灰霉病、根腐病等病害有很好的增效作用。CN108184861A公开了氟咯菌腈与pyraziflumid复配，具有明显增效和持效作用CN103651364A公开了一种含香菇多糖和咯菌腈的杀菌抗病组合物，含有以重量百分比计的香菇多糖0.5％～10％和咯菌腈0.5％～30％；其中香菇多糖与咯菌腈的重量比为5:1～1:5。该杀菌剂组合物杀菌效果好，用药成本低。
尽管现有技术中已有报道氟咯菌腈与不同的杀菌剂进行复配，然而在农药领域仍然需要开发更多的复配杀菌剂，以提高杀菌效率，降低抗性，目前还没有氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺混配技术的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高效、安全且有利于病菌抗性治理的含氟咯菌腈的杀菌抗病组合物。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明的含氟咯菌腈的杀菌剂以氟咯菌腈为一有效成分，以吡啶菌酰胺为另一有效成分，其中氟咯菌腈与吡啶菌酰胺的质量比为1:10～10:1，更优选为1:5～5:1，最优选为1:3～3:1。
优选地，本发明杀菌组合物中除有效成分外，通常还含有农药上常用的辅助剂。其中辅助剂可以是润湿剂、分散剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、崩解剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、溶剂、防腐剂、稳定剂等，根据制剂的需要可适当添加。
所述的湿润剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、二丁基萘磺酸钠、琥珀酸二辛脂磺酸钠、Morwet EFW、GY-WS10等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的分散剂选自萘或烷基萘甲醛缩合物磺酸盐、脂肪醇环氧乙烷加成物磺酸盐、木质素及其衍生物磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、丙烯酸均聚物钠盐、马来酸二钠盐等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的乳化剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、三苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、烷基萘磺酸盐、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、AEO系列等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的增稠剂选自白炭黑、高岭土、膨润土、黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素钠等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的崩解剂选自尿素、膨润土、氯化铝、硫酸铵、丁二酸、碳酸氢钠等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的防冻剂选自丙三醇、乙二醇、丙二醇等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的消泡剂选自有机硅酮类消泡剂、C 8～10 的脂肪醇类消泡剂等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的溶剂为甲苯、二甲苯、环己酮、芳烃溶剂、甲醇、乙酸乙酯、大豆油、环氧大豆油、蓖麻油等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的防腐剂选自苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸、山梨酸钾、卡松等其中的一种或两种以上。
所述的稳定剂选自亚磷酸三苯酯、醋酐、环氧氯丙烷、间苯二酚、柠檬酸钠等其中的一种或两种以上。
另一方面，本发明提供了一种含氟咯菌腈的杀菌剂的制备方法，其包括如下步骤，按比例称取氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺，再加入农药上可接受的辅助剂，混合均匀。
另一方面，本发明可以用已知的方法制备成适合农业使用的剂型，组合物可以根据所需防治的作物、所处环境条件、防治方法、防治成本等各种因素，将有效成分与助剂和载体(填料)一起加工制成农药应用中可接受的任意一种剂型，优选剂型为悬浮种衣剂、颗粒剂、微囊悬浮剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂或乳油。所用助剂、载体及加工技术采用已知的组分。在上述各种剂型中，组合物中有效活性成分的总质量百分含量为0.5％～85％。
另一方面，本发明所描述的产物(组合物)可以成品制剂形式提供，即组合物中各物质已经混合，组合物的成分也可以以单剂形式提供，使用前直接在桶或罐中直接混合，然后稀释至所需的浓度。
另一方面，本发明的杀菌组合物特别适合于防治农作物的病害，所述的农作物包括粮食作物、豆类作物、油料作物、纤维作物、糖料作物、瓜类作物、水果类作物、干果类作物、根茎类作物、花卉作物、药用作物、原料作物、绿肥牧草作物。
优选地，所述的病害包括：灰霉病、靶斑病、溃疡病、蔓枯病、锈病、轮纹病、菌核病、黑穗病、全蚀病、根腐病、立枯病、纹枯病、恶苗病、枯萎病、菌核病、白发病、霜霉病、猝倒病、褐斑病、白粉病、炭疽病、早疫病、叶霉病、叶斑病、黑星病、黑痣病、疫病、茎基腐病、黄萎病、根肿病、煤烟病等多种真菌性病害。
另一方面，本发明的组合物可以按普通的方法施用，如浇注、拌种、喷雾、撒粉或发烟，其施用量随天气条件或作物状态变化。
另一方面，本发明组合物可以与其它具有除草、杀菌性能的化合物混合使用，也可以与杀虫剂、杀线虫剂、防护剂、生长调节剂、植物营养素或土壤调节剂混合使用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
1.本发明的杀菌剂由两种作用机制不同的有效成分组成，以一定比例复配后具有明显的协同增效作用，提高了防治效果，同时也有利于克服和延缓病菌抗药性的产生；
2.药剂混配减少了用药量，从而降低了成本和减轻了对环境的污染。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例对本发明内容作进一步说明，但本发明绝非限于这些例子。具体实施例仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
下面结合具体的实施方式对本发明做进一步的解释说明。
实施例1 室内毒力测定
用电子天平分别称量氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺原药，并取微量丙酮溶解，配成浓度为100 μg/mL的母液，用无菌水将上述原药稀释成系列浓度梯度的溶液。将病菌菌饼接种在平板中央，以无药平板作对照，每处理重复3次，置20℃黑暗培养箱，连续培养72 h，采用十字交叉法测量菌落直径，计算抑制率、以及相关系数等。
将氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺按照20∶1、10∶1、5∶1、3∶1、1∶1、1∶3、1∶5、1∶10、5∶20 的比例复配，无菌水稀释，配制成最终含药量为系列浓度梯度含药平板，其他测量和计算方法同单剂。
联合作用方式判定采用共毒系数(CTC)法，确定混剂的增效性。
以混剂中某一单剂为标准药剂(通常选择EC50较低者)，共毒系数的计算公式如下：
单剂毒力指数＝标准药剂EC50/某单剂EC50×100；
实测毒力指数(ATI)＝(标准单剂的EC50/混剂的EC50)×100；
理论毒力指数(TTI)＝A单剂的毒力指数×A单剂在混剂中所占比例+ B单剂的毒力指数×B单剂在混剂中所占比例；
共毒系数(CTC)＝[混剂实测毒力指数(ATI)/混剂理论毒力指数(TTI)]×100
当CTC≤80，则组合物表现为拮抗作用，当80＜CTC＜120，则组合物表现为相加作用，当CTC≥120，则组合物表现为协同增效作用。
试验结果氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺复配后对小麦白粉病的联合毒力测定结果如下。
本发明以氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺为有效成分，在较宽的质量比范围内均可保持好的相加效果，共毒系数在80以上，当氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺的质量比为1～10∶10～1时，对小麦白粉病具有明显的增效作用，可见，氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺的复配可成为防治小麦白粉病的理想药剂。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种含氟咯菌腈的杀菌剂，其特征在于：以氟咯菌腈为一有效成分，以吡啶菌酰胺为另一有效成分，其中氟咯菌腈与吡啶菌酰胺的质量比为1:10～10:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌剂，其特征在于：其中氟咯菌腈与吡啶菌酰胺的质量比为1:5～5:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌剂，其特征在于：其中氟咯菌腈与吡啶菌酰胺的质量比为1:3～3:1。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的杀菌剂，其特征在于，所述杀菌剂还包括农药上常用的辅助剂，其中辅助剂选自润湿剂、分散剂、乳化剂、增稠剂、崩解剂、防冻剂、消泡剂、溶剂、防腐剂、稳定剂中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的杀菌剂，其特征在于：所述的湿润剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、二丁基萘磺酸钠、琥珀酸二辛脂磺酸钠、Morwet EFW、GY-WS10中的一种或两种以上；
所述的分散剂选自萘或烷基萘甲醛缩合物磺酸盐、脂肪醇环氧乙烷加成物磺酸盐、木质素及其衍生物磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐、丙烯酸均聚物钠盐、马来酸二钠盐中的一种或两种以上；
所述的乳化剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、三苯乙基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚、烷基萘磺酸盐、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、AEO系列中的一种或两种以上；
所述的增稠剂选自白炭黑、高岭土、膨润土、黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素钠中的一种或两种以上；
所述的崩解剂选自尿素、膨润土、氯化铝、硫酸铵、丁二酸、碳酸氢钠中的一种或两种以上；
所述的防冻剂选自丙三醇、乙二醇、丙二醇中的一种或两种以上；
所述的消泡剂选自有机硅酮类消泡剂、C 8～10 的脂肪醇类消泡剂中的一种或两种以上；
所述的溶剂选自甲苯、二甲苯、环己酮、芳烃溶剂、甲醇、乙酸乙酯、大豆油、环氧大豆油、蓖麻油中的一种或两种以上；
所述的防腐剂选自苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸、山梨酸钾、卡松中的一种或两种以上；
所述的稳定剂选自亚磷酸三苯酯、醋酐、环氧氯丙烷、间苯二酚、柠檬酸钠中的一种或两种以上。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述杀菌剂，其特征在于，将所述杀菌剂制成农药应用中可接受的任意一种剂型，所述剂型选自悬浮种衣剂、颗粒剂、微囊悬浮剂、水乳剂、悬浮剂、可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂或乳油。
7.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述杀菌剂的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：按比例称取氟咯菌腈和吡啶菌酰胺，再加入农药上可接受的辅助剂，混合均匀。
8.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述杀菌剂或在防治作物白粉病中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用，其特征在于，所述作物白粉病为小麦白粉病。
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