CN118243725A

CN118243725A - Multi-dimensional evaluation device and method for heat insulation material

Info

Publication number: CN118243725A
Application number: CN202410622900.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张鹏; 彭飞; 高庆福; 阳立芬; 吴逸凡; 郭成杰
Original assignee: Hunan Ronglan Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Ronglan Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-05-20
Filing date: 2024-05-20
Publication date: 2024-06-25

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation material testing, and discloses a multi-dimensional evaluation device and a multi-dimensional evaluation method for heat insulation materials, which are used for loading a sample to be tested and providing a sealed cavity environment for the sample to be tested; the atmosphere environment control device is connected with the sealed experiment cavity and is used for providing an atmosphere environment required by an experiment for the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity; the sealing experiment cavity is provided with a hot surface component which is fixedly arranged and used for bearing and attaching a hot surface of a sample to be tested and providing a constant hot surface temperature for the hot surface of the sample to be tested, a cold surface component which is movably arranged and used for pressing and attaching a cover on a cold surface of the sample to be tested and providing a constant cold surface temperature for the cold surface of the sample to be tested, and a heat preservation clamping device which is movably arranged and used for clamping and attaching the sample to be tested from the side direction of the sample to be tested; the sealed experiment cavity is also provided with a lofting port for conveniently placing the sample to be tested into a preset position and sealing or taking out the sample to be tested at the preset position. Meets the material evaluation requirements in the fields of aerospace and the like.

Description

Multi-dimensional evaluation device and method for heat insulation material

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation material testing, in particular to a multi-dimensional evaluation device for heat insulation materials. In addition, the invention also relates to a multi-dimensional evaluation method of the heat insulation material.

Background

The heat conductivity coefficient is an important thermal physical property index of the heat insulation material, and the value and the size of the heat conductivity coefficient are closely related to the type, structure, temperature and test atmosphere of the material. The existing heat conductivity coefficient testing method of the heat insulation material generally adopts a steady-state measurement method, including a heat flow meter method, a protection flat plate method, a round tube method and the like. The steady-state measurement method is based on a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction principle, has the advantages of directly and accurately obtaining the absolute value of the heat conductivity and the like, and is suitable for measurement in a wider temperature area. However, the existing high-temperature thermal conductivity testing device has serious transverse heat loss, namely edge heat leakage problem in the testing process, can influence the establishment of a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model, and enlarges the measured data error. Meanwhile, the problems of sample thickness change and the like at high temperature lead to larger error of the measured heat conductivity coefficient and inaccurate data.

The heat insulation material is generally applied to medium and high temperature environments, and the heat conductivity difference is large along with the difference of the use temperature, so that the test of the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation material at the medium and high temperature is an important parameter for representing whether the material meets the application condition. However, in the existing high-temperature thermal conductivity meter testing, sample loading and sample placing process, samples are generally loaded before temperature rise and resampled after temperature reduction, and the sample loading process generally needs to manually fill and block heat insulation materials to reduce heat leakage, so that the sample loading operation process is complex, sample taking and sample placing at high temperature cannot be realized, and the like, so that the testing period is long and the cost is high.

In addition, with the continuous development of special fields such as aerospace, the application of the heat insulation material is increasingly wide, and the use environment is continuously expanded, wherein the use environment comprises atmosphere conditions such as normal pressure atmosphere, low pressure atmosphere, vacuum, inert atmosphere and the like. However, the existing high-temperature thermal conductivity meter has poor vacuum pressure control precision and narrow controllable range, and is difficult to accurately simulate actual use conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multi-dimensional evaluation device and a multi-dimensional evaluation method for a heat insulation material, which can provide wide-range measurement of high-temperature heat conductivity coefficients of variable pressure and variable atmosphere (air and inert atmosphere) for a sample to be tested; the movable assembled heat preservation cavity with ultra-low thermal conductivity is adopted, so that the problem of edge heat leakage in the testing process is greatly reduced, the testing state is more prone to one-dimensional steady heat transfer, meanwhile, quick sample taking and placing at high temperature can be realized, the complex sample taking and placing process (cotton loading, cotton plug and the like) of a common thermal conductivity instrument can be omitted, and continuous sample measurement can be realized; the device can simulate the use condition of the heat insulation material to the greatest extent, and the highest use temperature and the heat insulation effect of the material to be tested are comprehensively and accurately evaluated so as to meet the urgent requirements in the field. The method solves the technical problems that the existing heat insulation material is tested, edge heat leakage exists, the sample filling operation process is complex, high-temperature sample taking and placing cannot be realized, and the testing environment is single.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-dimensional evaluation device for a heat insulating material, comprising: the sealed experiment cavity is used for loading a sample to be tested and providing a sealed cavity environment for the sample to be tested; the atmosphere environment control device is connected with the sealed experiment cavity and is used for providing an atmosphere environment required by an experiment for the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity; the sealing experiment cavity is provided with a hot surface component which is fixedly arranged and used for bearing and attaching a hot surface of a sample to be tested and providing a constant hot surface temperature for the hot surface of the sample to be tested, a cold surface component which is movably arranged and used for pressing and attaching a cover on a cold surface of the sample to be tested and providing a constant cold surface temperature for the cold surface of the sample to be tested, and a heat preservation clamping device which is movably arranged and used for clamping and attaching the sample to be tested from the side direction of the sample to be tested; the sealed experiment cavity is also provided with a lofting port for conveniently placing the sample to be tested into a preset position and sealing or taking out the sample to be tested at the preset position.

Further, the heat-insulating clamping device comprises a plurality of groups of movable clamping units, each movable clamping unit comprises a power source, a movable arm arranged at the power output end of the power source and a heat-insulating block body arranged at the free end of the movable arm, and the movable arm is driven to move by the power source so as to drive the heat-insulating block body to move; the power source of the first group of movable clamping units which are arranged far away from the lofting port adopts an axial driving device for driving the movable arm to axially move; the power source of the second group of movable clamping units which are arranged close to the lofting port adopts a combined driving device of an axial driving device and a lifting driving device, the axial driving device is arranged at the power output end of the lifting driving device, and the movable arm is arranged at the power output end of the axial driving device.

Further, the heat-insulating blocks of the first group of movable clamping units adopt a U-shaped structure, and the heat-insulating blocks of the second group of movable clamping units adopt a U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped structure is matched with the U-shaped structure and buckled with the U-shaped structure to form a mouth-shaped structure so as to be attached to the sample to be tested from the lateral periphery.

Further, cold face subassembly is including being used for from the cavity that keeps warm clamping device encloses and closes and open into and gland laminating in the test head of the cold face of sample to be measured and lay in sealed experiment cavity inner chamber top and power take off end connection test head's elevation structure.

Further, a constant temperature cooling device is arranged outside the sealed experiment cavity; the test head comprises a metal frame and a water cooling cavity arranged on the metal frame, wherein the water cooling cavity is connected with the constant temperature cooling device through a pipeline and is used for being attached to the cold surface of the sample to be tested, so that the cold surface of the sample to be tested is subjected to high-temperature protection, and constant cold surface temperature is provided for the cold surface of the sample to be tested.

Further, the hot-surface component comprises a vapor chamber which is fixed at the lower part of the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity and is used for bearing the sample to be tested and being attached to the hot surface of the sample to be tested, and a heating plate which is arranged below the vapor chamber, and the heating plate is electrified to release constant heat and uniformly apply heat to the hot surface of the sample to be tested through the vapor chamber.

Further, the heating plate comprises a plate body support and a plurality of U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods distributed on the plate body support, wherein the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods are distributed close to one plate edge of the plate body support, the opening ends of the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods are distributed towards one adjacent plate edge, the arc ends of the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods are distributed towards the other adjacent plate edge, the plurality of U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods are distributed in a rotationally symmetrical mode in the circumferential direction of the plate body support and are distributed away from the center of the plate body support, so that when heat is transferred from the heating plate to a hot surface of a sample to be tested through the soaking plate, the heat is uniformly transferred from the periphery to the center, and the sample to be tested is more close to a one-dimensional steady heat transfer state during testing.

Further, the atmosphere environment control device comprises a vacuum pump and an air source, wherein the vacuum pump and the air source are respectively connected to the sealed experiment cavity through air pipes, and the air pipes are arranged on the air control valve; the vacuum pump comprises a rotary vane vacuum pump and a molecular pump, wherein the rotary vane vacuum pump is used for providing a low vacuum test environment, and the rotary vane vacuum pump and the molecular pump work together to provide a high vacuum test environment; the gas source includes at least one of an air supply, a nitrogen supply, and an inert gas supply.

Further, the multi-dimensional evaluation device further comprises a data acquisition control device, wherein the data acquisition control device comprises a computer and an acquisition conversion module, and the data acquisition control device further comprises at least one of a heat flow meter, a thermocouple, a vacuum gauge, an electronic gas flowmeter, a force transducer and a thickness transducer; the heat flow meter is arranged in the central area of the test head of the cold face component; the thermocouples are distributed in the central area of the hot face and/or the cold face of the sample to be measured so as to measure the average temperature of the hot face and/or the average temperature of the cold face of the sample to be measured; the vacuum gauge and the electronic gas flowmeter are respectively arranged on a gas pipe communicated with the sealed experiment cavity by the atmosphere environment control device; the force transducer is arranged on the lifting component of the cold surface component; the thickness measuring sensor is arranged on the inner side wall surface of the cold surface component; at least one of the heat flow meter, the thermocouple, the vacuum meter, the electronic gas flowmeter, the force measuring sensor and the thickness measuring sensor is respectively connected with the data acquisition and conversion module, and the atmosphere environment control device, the hot surface component, the cold surface component, the heat preservation clamping device and the data acquisition and conversion module are respectively connected with the computer.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a multi-dimensional evaluation method of a heat insulating material, comprising the steps of: s100, placing a sample to be tested between a vapor chamber and a test head through a sample placing port, and enabling a hot surface of the sample to be tested to be attached to the vapor chamber; s200, controlling the heat-preservation clamping device to clamp the periphery of the sample to be tested; s300, setting a preset pressure value for the test head, and then pressing down and attaching the cold surface of the sample to be tested; s400, determining and controlling the cold surface temperature, the hot surface temperature rising rate, the vacuum pressure and the atmosphere type according to experimental requirements; s500, after the temperature of the hot surface reaches a set value and the preset time is stabilized, the data acquisition control device starts to test and record data, including the thickness of a sample to be tested, the temperature of the cold surface, the temperature of the hot surface, the hot flow value and the vacuum pressure, and when the recorded values are stabilized, namely the test state reaches one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer, the data acquisition control device acquires data according to a one-dimensional steady-state Fourier heat transfer formula

；

In the method, in the process of the invention,Is the thermal conductivity; /(I)For the heat flux through the sample, the unit is/>；/>Is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is/>；/>The unit is/>, the temperature difference between the cold surface and the hot surface of the sample；/>Is a heat flow meter constant and is obtained by calibrating a material with a known heat conductivity coefficient; and (3) automatically calculating effective data, and calculating the average value of the effective data when the effective data reach 5-10 times, so as to obtain a final heat conductivity result.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

The multi-dimensional evaluation device of the heat insulation material adopts a closed sealed experiment cavity to provide a sealed test environment for a sample to be tested; the atmosphere control device provides atmosphere for the sealed experiment cavity, the conversion of various atmosphere environments can be realized through the cooperation of the vacuum pump and the air source, and vacuum environment, nitrogen environment, low-oxygen environment, air environment, inert gas environment and the like can be provided according to the requirements; the hot surface component is used for bearing and attaching the hot surface of the sample to be tested, and a matched heating gradient and the temperature of the hot surface are provided for the hot surface of the sample to be tested; the periphery of the sample to be tested is pressed and attached through the heat preservation clamping device, so that the problem of edge heat leakage of the sample to be tested during testing is avoided, the establishment of a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model is ensured, and the accuracy of measured data is ensured; the cold surface component is pressed and attached to the cold surface of the sample to be measured from the upper part, so that the matched constant cold surface temperature is provided for the cold surface of the sample to be measured, meanwhile, the cold surface of the sample to be measured is thermally protected, and the cold surface component and the hot surface component are clamped in an up-down matching way, so that the thickness of the sample to be measured is prevented from being changed at a high temperature, and the measured heat conduction system error of the sample to be measured is small and the data is accurate; setting a lofting port at a position of the sealed experiment cavity, which corresponds to the placement of a sample to be tested, and ensuring the sealing of the lofting port in the test process so as to realize the integral sealing of the sealed experiment cavity, wherein after the test is finished, the sampling and lofting can be directly realized at high temperature, so that the test period is shortened, and the cost is reduced; specifically, open the lofting mouth, control heat preservation clamping device unclamps and the lifting in order to give way the lofting passageway towards one side of lofting mouth, take out the sample that finishes testing through the lofting mouth to put into new sample that awaits measuring, control heat preservation clamping device resets the centre gripping sample that awaits measuring, then sealed lofting mouth, can carry out the test of the sample that awaits measuring of next batch. The method can provide wide-range measurement of high-temperature heat conductivity coefficients of variable pressure and variable atmosphere (air and inert atmosphere) for a sample to be measured; the movable assembled heat preservation cavity with ultra-low thermal conductivity is adopted, so that the problem of edge heat leakage in the testing process is greatly reduced, the testing state is more prone to one-dimensional steady heat transfer, meanwhile, quick sample taking and placing at high temperature can be realized, the complex sample taking and placing process (cotton loading, cotton plug and the like) of a common thermal conductivity instrument can be omitted, and continuous sample measurement can be realized; the device can simulate the use condition of the heat insulation material to the greatest extent, and the highest use temperature and the heat insulation effect of the material to be tested are comprehensively and accurately evaluated so as to meet the urgent requirements in the field.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a multi-dimensional evaluation apparatus for heat insulating material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a heating plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic view of the structure of the multi-dimensional evaluating apparatus for heat insulating material according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of thermocouples on the cold or hot side of a sample to be tested according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Legend description:

100. Sealing the experimental cavity; 101. a lofting port; 200. an atmosphere control device; 201. a vacuum pump; 202. a gas source; 203. a gas control valve; 204. an air pipe; 300. a hot-face assembly; 301. a soaking plate; 302. a heating plate; 3021. a U-shaped silicon molybdenum rod; 400. a cold face assembly; 401. a test head; 402. a lifting structure; 500. a heat-insulating clamping device; 501. a power source; 502. a moving arm; 503. a thermal insulation block; 600. a constant temperature cooling device; 700. a data acquisition control device; 701. a load cell; 702. a vacuum gauge; 703. an electronic gas flowmeter.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, but the invention can be practiced in a number of different ways, as defined and covered below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a multi-dimensional evaluation apparatus for heat insulating material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a heating plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural view of a multi-dimensional evaluation apparatus for heat insulating material according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of thermocouples on the cold or hot side of a sample to be tested according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the multi-dimensional evaluation device for a heat insulating material according to the present embodiment includes: the sealed experiment cavity 100 is used for loading a sample to be tested and providing a sealed cavity environment for the sample to be tested; the atmosphere environment control device 200 is connected with the sealed experiment cavity 100 and is used for providing an atmosphere environment required by an experiment for the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity 100; the sealing experiment cavity 100 is provided with a hot surface component 300 which is fixedly arranged and used for bearing and attaching a hot surface of a sample to be tested and providing a constant hot surface temperature for the hot surface of the sample to be tested, a cold surface component 400 which is movably arranged and used for being pressed and attached to a cold surface of the sample to be tested and providing a constant cold surface temperature for the cold surface of the sample to be tested, and a heat preservation clamping device 500 which is movably arranged and used for clamping and attaching the sample to be tested from the side direction of the sample to be tested; The sealed experiment chamber 100 is further provided with a sample discharge port 101 for conveniently placing a sample to be tested into a preset position and sealing or taking out the sample to be tested at the preset position. The multi-dimensional evaluation device of the heat insulation material adopts a closed sealed experiment cavity 100 to provide a sealed test environment for a sample to be tested; the atmosphere control device 200 provides atmosphere for the sealed experiment cavity 100, the vacuum pump 201 and the air source 202 are matched to realize the conversion of various atmosphere environments, and vacuum environments, nitrogen environments, low-oxygen environments, air environments, inert gas environments and the like can be provided according to requirements; the hot surface component 300 is adopted to bear and attach the hot surface of the sample to be detected, and a matched heating gradient and the hot surface temperature are provided for the hot surface of the sample to be detected; The periphery of the sample to be tested is pressed and attached through the heat preservation clamping device 500, so that the problem of edge heat leakage of the sample to be tested during testing is avoided, the establishment of a one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction model is ensured, and the accuracy of measured data is ensured; the cold surface assembly 400 is pressed and attached to the cold surface of the sample to be tested from the upper part, so that the matched constant cold surface temperature is provided for the cold surface of the sample to be tested, meanwhile, the cold surface of the sample to be tested is thermally protected, and the cold surface assembly 400 and the hot surface assembly 300 are clamped in an up-down matching way, so that the thickness of the sample to be tested is prevented from being changed at a high temperature, and the measured heat conduction system error of the sample to be tested is small and the data is accurate; Setting a lofting port 101 at a position of the sealed experiment cavity 100 corresponding to the placement of a sample to be tested, ensuring the sealing of the lofting port 101 in the test process so as to realize the integral sealing of the sealed experiment cavity 100, and directly realizing sampling and lofting at high temperature after the test is finished, thereby shortening the test period and reducing the cost; specifically, the sample placing port 101 is opened, the heat-insulating clamping device 500 is controlled to be loosened and lifted towards one side of the sample placing port 101 to allow a sample placing channel to be formed, the tested sample is taken out through the sample placing port 101, a new sample to be tested is placed in the sample placing port, the heat-insulating clamping device 500 is controlled to reset and clamp the sample to be tested, and then the sample placing port 101 is sealed, so that the test of the sample to be tested of the next batch can be performed. the method can provide wide-range measurement of high-temperature heat conductivity coefficients of variable pressure and variable atmosphere (air and inert atmosphere) for a sample to be measured; the movable assembled heat preservation cavity with ultra-low thermal conductivity is adopted, so that the problem of edge heat leakage in the testing process is greatly reduced, the testing state is more prone to one-dimensional steady heat transfer, meanwhile, quick sample taking and placing at high temperature can be realized, the complex sample taking and placing process (cotton loading, cotton plug and the like) of a common thermal conductivity instrument can be omitted, and continuous sample measurement can be realized; the device can simulate the use condition of the heat insulation material to the greatest extent, and the highest use temperature and the heat insulation effect of the material to be tested are comprehensively and accurately evaluated so as to meet the urgent requirements in the field.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the thermal insulation clamping device 500 includes a plurality of groups of movable clamping units, the movable clamping units include a power source 501, a movable arm 502 disposed at a power output end of the power source 501, and a thermal insulation block 503 disposed at a free end of the movable arm 502, and the movable arm 502 is driven to move by the power source 501 so as to drive the thermal insulation block 503 to move; the power source 501 of the first group of movable clamping units arranged far away from the lofting port 101 adopts an axial driving device for driving the movable arm 502 to axially move; the power source 501 of the second group of movable clamping units arranged near the lofting port 101 adopts a combined driving device of an axial driving device and a lifting driving device, the axial driving device is arranged at the power output end of the lifting driving device, and the movable arm 502 is arranged at the power output end of the axial driving device. when lofting or sampling is carried out from the lofting port 101, only the lofting port 101 is required to be opened, the axial driving device of the second group of movable clamping units is controlled to drive the corresponding movable arm 502 and the heat insulation block 503 to axially move away from the sample to be tested, the lifting driving device is controlled to make lifting movement so as to open the sample taking and lofting channel, at the moment, the sample can enter from the lofting port 101 and pass through the sample taking and lofting channel through the sample clamp so as to take out the sample from the sample preset position, or the sample to be tested is sent from the lofting port 101 and passes through the sample taking and lofting channel so as to send the sample to be tested to the preset position, and the sample taking and lofting can be simply and rapidly completed; Before sampling and laying out, the gas pressure of the inner cavity of the sealed experimental cavity 100 (matched with the external atmospheric pressure) is properly regulated by the atmosphere environment control device 200, so that sampling and laying out can be easily and quickly completed, the process does not need cooling treatment, quick sampling and laying out at high temperature can be realized, the test period is short, the efficiency is high, and batch sample testing is facilitated. Optionally, the power output direction of the power source 501 of the first group of movable clamping units is set along the direction of the inner wall surface of the vertical seal experiment cavity 100; the moving arms 502 of the first set of movable gripping units are arranged along the power output direction of the power source 501. Optionally, the power output direction of the axial driving device of the second group of movable clamping units is set along the direction of the inner wall surface of the vertical seal experiment cavity 100; The movable arms 502 of the second group of movable clamping units are distributed along the power output direction of the axial driving device; the power output direction of the lifting driving device of the second group of movable clamping units is vertically arranged. Optionally, since the axial driving device does not directly contact the high temperature area, the received high temperature influence is small, and the axial driving device may adopt an electric push rod, an air cylinder or an oil cylinder, or may further include a guiding structure, and the guiding structure may be a guide rail, a guide rod, a four-bar linkage, or the like, or similar structures. Optionally, since the lifting driving device does not directly contact the high temperature area, the influence of the received high temperature is small, the lifting driving device can adopt an electric push rod, an air cylinder or an oil cylinder, or can also comprise a guiding structure, and the guiding structure can be a guide rail, a guide rod, a four-bar linkage and the like or the like. Preferably, the thermal retention clamp 500 includes two sets of movable clamping units. Alternatively, the power source 501 adopts a combination structure of a stepping motor and a screw rod, and the stepping motor is connected with and controls the movement of the screw rod.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the heat insulation blocks 503 of the first set of movable clamping units adopt a u-shaped structure, and the heat insulation blocks 503 of the second set of movable clamping units adopt a shape structure, and the u-shaped structure is matched with the shape structure and buckled to form a mouth-shaped structure so as to be attached to the sample to be tested from the lateral periphery. One side close to the lofting port 101 adopts a shape structure, so that multidimensional control is convenient to use, and mutual interference obstruction in the moving process of the shape structure is relatively small. The sample to be measured is firstly sent into the concave cavity of the U-shaped structure, then the U-shaped structure is closed and attached through the one-shaped structure, and the sample to be measured can be positioned in the inner cavity of the mouth-shaped structure and the peripheral side faces are attached, so that heat leakage at the edge of the sample is avoided. The hot face component 300, the mouth-shaped structure and the cold face component 400 together form a test cavity for a sample to be tested, which is also one of the reasons why the sample can be sampled and placed at high temperature.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the cold surface assembly 400 includes a test head 401 extending into an opening on a cavity formed by enclosing the thermal insulation clamping device 500 and pressing a cover to fit the cold surface of the sample to be tested, and a lifting structure 402 disposed above an inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity 100 and having a power output end connected to the test head 401. The lifting structure 402 controls the test head 401 to move vertically, so that the lifting motion of the test head 401 is controlled, and meanwhile, the pressure applied to the cold surface of the sample to be tested by the test head 401 is also controlled; the lifting structure 402 controls the test head 401 to move downwards and be attached to the cold surface of the cold surface assembly 400 by a preset pressure gland, and then the test head is matched with the hot surface assembly 300 up and down to clamp the sample to be tested, so that the thickness change of the sample to be tested at a high temperature is inhibited. Because the lifting structure 402 is positioned on the cold surface of the sample to be tested, the temperature is relatively low, and therefore, an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric push rod and the like can be selected.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in this embodiment, a constant temperature cooling device 600 is further disposed outside the sealed experiment cavity 100; the test head 401 comprises a metal frame and a water cooling cavity arranged on the metal frame, the water cooling cavity is connected with the constant temperature cooling device 600 through a pipeline and is used for being attached to the cold surface of the sample to be tested, so that the cold surface of the sample to be tested is subjected to high temperature protection, and constant cold surface temperature is provided for the cold surface of the sample to be tested. The constant temperature cooling device 600 supplies the cooling medium flowing in a circulating manner to the water cooling cavity, and ensures that the cooling medium flowing in a circulating manner maintains the constant temperature required by the cold surface of the sample to be measured, so as to be matched with the temperature of the cold surface of the sample to be measured. Optionally, the water cooling cavity is arranged inside the test head 401 (square metal test head) and is circumferentially distributed, and the water cooling cavity takes away heat from a sample hot surface to a sample cold surface to the square metal test head surface to the water cooling cavity through water circulation, so that the temperature of the cold surface is constant.

As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the hot-face assembly 300 includes a vapor chamber 301 fixed at the lower part of the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity 100 for carrying the sample to be tested and adhering to the hot-face of the sample to be tested, and a heating plate 302 disposed below the vapor chamber 301, where the heating plate 302 is energized to release constant heat and uniformly apply heat to the hot-face of the sample to be tested via the vapor chamber 301. The heating plate 302 does not directly heat the hot surface of the sample to be measured, but uniformly diffuses the high temperature through the vapor chamber 301 and then acts on the hot surface of the sample to be measured to ensure that the hot surface of the sample to be measured reaches a constant hot surface temperature.

As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, in this embodiment, the heating plate 302 includes a plate body support and a plurality of U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods 3021 disposed on the plate body support, the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods 3021 are disposed close to one of the plate edges of the plate body support, the open ends of the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods 3021 are disposed towards an adjacent one of the plate edges, the arc ends of the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods 3021 are disposed towards another adjacent plate edge, and the plurality of U-shaped silicon molybdenum rods 3021 are rotationally symmetrically disposed in the circumferential direction of the plate body support and are disposed away from the center of the plate body support, so that when heat is transferred from the heating plate 302 to the hot surface of a sample to be tested via the soaking plate 301, the heat is uniformly transferred from the periphery to the center, and the sample to be tested is more close to a one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer state during testing. The highest temperature of the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rod 3021 can reach 1700 ℃, namely, the heating temperature range of 0 ℃ to 1700 ℃ can be provided; the center of the heating plate 302 is provided with no silicon-molybdenum rod, so that the center temperature is lower than the peripheral temperature during heating, heat is transferred to the center and uniformly diffuses to the hot surface of the sample to be tested through the vapor chamber 301, and therefore the sample to be tested is more close to one-dimensional steady heat transfer during testing.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the atmosphere control device 200 includes a vacuum pump 201 and an air source 202, the vacuum pump 201 and the air source 202 are respectively connected to the sealed experiment cavity 100 through an air pipe 204, and the air pipe 204 is disposed on an air control valve 203; the vacuum pump 201 comprises a rotary vane vacuum pump and a molecular pump, wherein the rotary vane vacuum pump is used for providing a low vacuum test environment, and the rotary vane vacuum pump and the molecular pump work together to provide a high vacuum test environment; the gas source 202 includes at least one of an air supply, a nitrogen supply, and an inert gas supply. The rotary vane vacuum pump provides a low vacuum test environment; the rotary vane vacuum pump and the molecular pump work together to provide a high vacuum test environment, and the ultimate vacuum can reach 1X 10 ^-5 Pa, namely, the rotary vane vacuum pump can provide a wide range of variable pressure (1X 10 ^-5 Pa to 1 atm) for the material to be tested.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the multi-dimensional evaluation device further includes a data acquisition control device 700, where the data acquisition control device 700 includes a computer and an acquisition conversion module, and the data acquisition control device 700 further includes at least one of a heat flow meter, a thermocouple, a vacuum gauge 702, an electronic gas flow meter 703, a load cell 701, and a thickness measurement sensor; the heat flow meter is arranged in the central area of the test head 401 of the cold face assembly 400; the thermocouples are distributed in the central area of the hot face and/or the cold face of the sample to be measured so as to measure the average temperature of the hot face and/or the average temperature of the cold face of the sample to be measured; the vacuum gauge 702 and the electronic gas flowmeter 703 are respectively arranged on the air pipe 204 of the atmosphere environment control device 200 communicated to the sealed experiment cavity 100; the load cell 701 is arranged on the lifting assembly of the cold noodle assembly 400; the thickness measuring sensor is arranged on the inner side wall surface of the cold face assembly 400; at least one of the heat flow meter, the thermocouple, the vacuum gauge 702, the electronic gas flow meter 703, the force transducer 701 and the thickness transducer is respectively connected with a data acquisition and conversion module, and the atmosphere environment control device 200, the hot surface assembly 300, the cold surface assembly 400, the heat preservation clamping device 500 and the data acquisition and conversion module are respectively connected with a computer. The multi-dimensional evaluation device can accurately control the test environment of the sample to be tested in real time, and the method can comprise the following steps: collecting heat flow data, namely the flow condition of heat (a heat flow meter), collecting the ambient temperature in a high-temperature environment (a thermocouple), collecting and measuring low-pressure or vacuum environment (a vacuum meter 702), collecting gas flow data (an electronic gas flowmeter 703), collecting pressure data of a test head 401 (a load cell 701), and collecting thickness change data (a thickness measuring sensor) of a sample to be tested; the control can be performed from each dimension, and the accuracy of the test result of the sample to be tested is further ensured.

In practice, a multi-dimensional evaluation device and a multi-dimensional evaluation method for heat insulation materials are provided, and the device can provide heat conductivity coefficient measurement of high temperature (200-1600 ℃) of variable pressure (1X 10 ^-5 Pa-1 atm) and variable atmosphere (air and inert atmosphere) for materials to be tested in a wide range; the device adopts the movable assembly type heat preservation cavity, so that the problem of edge heat leakage in the testing process is greatly reduced, the testing state tends to one-dimensional steady heat transfer, sampling and laying-out can be realized at high temperature, the testing period is shortened, and the cost is reduced; the device can simulate the use condition of the heat insulation material to the greatest extent, and the highest use temperature and the heat insulation effect of the material to be tested are comprehensively and accurately evaluated so as to meet the urgent demands in the field. The method comprises the following steps:

The multi-dimensional evaluation device of the heat insulation material comprises a lofting device (lofting port 101 with a sealing cover, a sample clamp), a hot surface component 300, a cold surface component 400, a vacuum/atmosphere device (atmosphere environment control device 200), a force measuring device (force measuring sensor 701), a thickness measuring device (thickness measuring sensor), a data acquisition control device 700 (data acquisition device, measurement and control system) and a constant temperature cooling device 600.

The lofting device includes: the movable assembly type heat preservation cavity (a test cavity formed by enclosing a mouth-shaped structure) is formed by enclosing heat preservation blocks 503 with high temperature resistance and ultra-low heat conductivity, is arranged around a sample to be tested for heat preservation, and solves the problem of edge heat leakage during testing, so that the test state tends to one-dimensional steady heat transfer more, and the accuracy of heat conductivity testing is improved;

A power driving structure (heat preservation clamping device) comprises a movable arm 502 and a power source 501; the movable arm 502 is fixed with the heat insulation block 503 (the heat insulation cavity around) and is connected with the power source 501 along the vertical direction of the cavity wall; one of the power sources 501 can enable the corresponding movable arm 502 to move along the vertical direction and up-down direction of the heat preservation cavity;

The hot-face assembly 300 includes: the vapor chamber 301 is arranged below the sample to be measured, and ensures that the temperature of the hot surface of the sample to be measured is uniform; the heating plate 302 is arranged below the soaking plate 301 and provides a constant power heat source for the soaking plate 301; preferably, the arrangement route of the heating rods in the heating plate 302 below the soaking plate 301 is as shown in fig. 2; preferably, the heating rod is a U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rod 3021, the highest temperature can reach 1700 ℃, the silicon-molybdenum rod is not arranged at the center of the heating plate 302, the center temperature is lower than the peripheral temperature during heating, heat is transferred to the center, and the temperature is closer to one-dimensional steady heat transfer during testing.

Cold face assembly 400 includes: the square metal test head (test head 401) is arranged on the cold surface of the sample to be tested and is used for installing a heat flow meter and a thermocouple; a water cooling cavity is arranged in the metal frame; the water cooling cavity is connected with the constant temperature cooling device 600 through a pipeline and is used for high temperature protection of the cold face assembly 400, constant cold face temperature is provided for a sample to be tested, and a constant heat flow value is formed between the water cooling cavity and a hot face.

The lifting structure 402 is used for driving the square metal test head to lift and fixing the square metal test head, and the lifting structure 402 performs up-and-down movement guiding through two upright posts which are bilaterally symmetrical.

The force measuring device comprises a force measuring sensor 701 and a compression bar; the load cell 701 is arranged at the upper end of the lifting structure 402 and is fixed; the compression bar is arranged on the force transducer 701; the lifting structure 402 drives the square metal test head to descend so as to pressurize the sample to be tested, and the pressurizing load is transmitted to the force transducer 701 through the pressure lever and is measured by the force transducer 701.

The thickness measuring device includes a thickness measuring sensor provided at a side of the cold face assembly 400 (more specifically, the thickness measuring sensor is provided on an inner side of the test head 401) to move with the cold face assembly 400.

The vacuum/atmosphere device comprises a vacuum pump 201 (rotary vane type + molecular pump), a closed cavity (sealed experiment cavity 100) and an air source 202; the vacuum pump comprises a rotary vane vacuum pump and a molecular pump; the rotary vane vacuum pump empties the low vacuum test environment; the rotary vane vacuum pump and the molecular pump work together to provide a high vacuum test environment, and the ultimate vacuum can reach 1X 10 ^-5 Pa.

A water cooling channel is arranged in the closed cavity and is used for introducing circulating cooling water; an insulating layer is laid in the closed cavity and used for insulating heat during high-temperature test; the vacuum pump 201 and the air source 202 are respectively connected with the closed cavity through pipelines, and the opening and closing degree of the pipelines are controlled through electronic valves; a sample placing port 101 is arranged on one side of the closed cavity, a sample inlet and outlet channel is provided for taking and placing samples, and a sealing gasket and a sealing valve are arranged at the sample placing port 101.

The air source 202 is air, a pressure cylinder of inert atmosphere and a gas pressure reducing valve matched with the air and the pressure cylinder.

The data acquisition device comprises a data computer, an acquisition conversion module, a heat flow meter, a plurality of thermocouples, a plurality of vacuum meters 702, a plurality of electronic gas flow meters 703, a force transducer 701 and a thickness measuring sensor; the heat flow meters are arranged in the central area of the square metal test head; the thermocouples are distributed in the central areas of the hot face and the cold face of the sample to be measured and are used for measuring the average temperature of the cold face and the hot face of the sample to be measured; the thermocouple, the vacuum gauge 702, the electronic gas flowmeter 703 and the thickness measuring sensor are respectively connected with the data acquisition and conversion module; the data acquisition and conversion module is connected with the computer.

The constant temperature cooling device 600 is a constant temperature cooling water tank, and is connected with the closed cavity and the square metal test head through a pipeline, and is used for cooling the closed cavity and providing constant temperature for the cold surface of the sample to be tested.

The measurement and control system is installed in a computer and comprises a first detection unit and a second detection unit. The first measurement and control unit is used for detecting the thickness of the sample to be measured, the pressure born by the sample to be measured, the temperature of the hot surface, the temperature of the cold surface and the heat flow value in real time, and controlling the heating rate and the final temperature of the hot surface of the sample to be measured; and the second measurement and control unit is used for detecting the pressure in the closed cavity, the opening of the electronic valve and the gas flowmeter in real time and precisely controlling the testing environment pressure (1X 10 ^-5 Pa to 1 atm) and the atmosphere (air, inert atmosphere and the like).

The multi-dimensional evaluation method of the heat insulating material of the embodiment comprises the following steps: s100, placing a sample to be tested between a vapor chamber 301 and a test head 401 through a sample discharge port 101, and enabling a hot surface of the sample to be tested to be attached to the vapor chamber 301; s200, controlling the heat preservation clamping device 500 to clamp the periphery of a sample to be tested; s300, setting a preset pressure value for the test head 401, and then pressing down and attaching the cold surface of the sample to be tested; s400, determining and controlling the cold surface temperature, the hot surface temperature rising rate, the vacuum pressure and the atmosphere type according to experimental requirements; s500, after the temperature of the hot surface reaches a set value and the preset time is stabilized, the data acquisition control device 700 starts to test and record data including the thickness of a sample to be tested, the temperature of the cold surface, the temperature of the hot surface, the hot flow value and the vacuum pressure, and when the recorded values are stabilized, namely the test state reaches one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer, the data acquisition control device 700 performs one-dimensional steady-state Fourier heat transfer according to a one-dimensional steady-state Fourier heat transfer formula

；

The thermal conductivity test experiment operation process is as follows:

Step 1: placing a sample to be tested between the vapor chamber 301 and the square metal test head through the sample placing port 101, controlling the movable assembly type heat preservation cavity to clamp the sample to be tested, and downwards clamping the square metal test head to the sample to be tested after a certain pressure value is set;

Optionally, the temperature is not too high due to the existence of circulated cooling in the movable assembly type heat preservation cavity and the closed cavity; or a water cooling cavity can be added to cool down.

Optionally, in step 1, the pressure value may be set first, the cold surface and the hot surface are respectively closely adhered to each other and reach the set pressure value, and then the samples are clamped laterally, and whether the samples are closely adhered is determined by comparing the measured thickness of the samples with the data of the thickness measuring device.

Preferably, the sample to be measured is a square sample with a size of 200mm-250 mm.

Step 2: determining the temperature rising rate, the hot surface temperature, the vacuum pressure and the atmosphere type according to experimental requirements;

step 3: the constant temperature cooling device 600 is turned on, the equipment runs normally, and the next step is started after no water leakage exists;

Step 4: setting the atmosphere type and pressure required by the experiment in a second detection unit of the measurement and control system, and automatically adjusting the opening of the electromagnetic valve to a set value by the system after confirming the test parameters;

Step 5: setting a heating rate and a hot-face temperature in a first detection unit of a measurement and control system, starting heating and testing, starting a heating program by the measurement and control system, and adjusting the power of the heating plate 302 according to the actual hot-face temperature until the set hot-face temperature;

Step 6: after the temperature of the hot face reaches a set value and is stabilized for a period of time, the measurement and control system starts to test and record data including the thickness of a sample to be tested, the temperature of the cold face, the temperature of the hot face, the heat flow value and the vacuum pressure, when the recorded values are stabilized, the test state reaches one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer, the measurement and control system automatically calculates effective data according to a one-dimensional steady-state Fourier heat transfer formula (1), and the average value is calculated when the effective data reaches 5-10 times, so that a final heat conductivity result is obtained.

（1）

Wherein: For the heat flux through the sample, the unit is/> ；

Is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is/>；

The unit is/>, the temperature difference between the cold surface and the hot surface of the sample；

Is a heat flow meter constant and is obtained by calibrating a material with a known heat conductivity coefficient;

After the test of the first sample is finished, setting the atmospheric pressure to be normal pressure in a measurement and control system, inflating the sealed cavity, opening the sample discharging port 101 when the atmospheric pressure is reached, regulating the driving structure to enable the movable assembly cavity to loosen the first sample and expose the first sample in an opening visual field, sampling by using the clamping device, then sending the second sample into a test area through the sample discharging port 101, repeating the steps 1-6 to realize quick sample taking, sample discharging and test, and executing the sample taking, sample discharging step again when the temperature of a heating surface is stopped to be cooled to the temperature to be tested when the required test temperature of the second sample is lower than that of the first sample.

The operation process of the heat insulation material working condition simulation is as follows:

Step 1: placing a sample to be tested on a soaking plate 301 through a sample placing port 101, placing a cold-face thermocouple on the center of the sample to be tested, and controlling a movable assembly type heat preservation cavity to clamp the sample to be tested;

alternatively, in step 1, the condition simulation does not need to use a square metal test head, and a plurality of thermocouples are used for testing the cold face temperature, and the arrangement of the center points of the thermocouple test is shown in fig. 4, so that the average temperature of the plurality of thermocouples is taken.

Step 5: setting a heating rate and a hot-face temperature in a first detection unit of the measurement and control system, starting heating and testing, starting a heating program by the measurement and control system, and adjusting the power of the heating plate 302 according to the actual hot-face temperature until the set hot-face temperature;

Step 6: after the temperature of the hot surface reaches a set value and is stabilized for a period of time, the measurement and control system starts to test and record data including the thickness of the sample to be tested, the temperature of the cold surface, the temperature of the hot surface, the heat flow value and the vacuum pressure, and the data is stored to obtain the cold surface temperature data of the sample to be tested under the specific hot surface temperature, atmosphere and vacuum pressure, so that the performance of the heat insulation material can be effectively evaluated.

Compared with the prior art, the multi-dimensional evaluation device and the evaluation method of the heat insulation material can realize at least one of the following beneficial effects:

1) The invention aims to provide a multi-dimensional evaluation device and a multi-dimensional evaluation method for a heat insulation material, wherein the device can provide a wide-range measurement of the heat conductivity coefficient of high temperature (200-1600 ℃) of variable pressure (1X 10 ^-5 Pa-1 atm) and variable atmosphere (air and inert atmosphere) for a material to be tested;

2) The device adopts the movable assembled heat preservation cavity with ultralow heat conductivity, so that the problem of edge heat leakage in the testing process is greatly reduced, the testing state is more prone to one-dimensional steady heat transfer, meanwhile, quick sample taking and placing at high temperature can be realized, the complex sample taking and placing process (cotton loading, cotton plug and the like) of a common thermal conductivity instrument can be omitted, and continuous sample measurement can be realized;

3) The heating plate 302 adopts the design shown in fig. 2, fully considers the problem of heat dissipation of the edge of the high-temperature assembly, and makes the temperature of the heating plate 302 in the edge area higher than that in the central area through the arrangement of the heating rods, so that the problem of heat leakage of the edge of the high-temperature assembly is solved, the temperature uniformity of the heating plate 302 is improved, the heating plate 302 is more prone to one-dimensional steady-state heat flow, and the accuracy of heat conductivity test is improved;

4) The device can simulate the use condition (atmosphere, pressure, cold and hot surface temperature under severe working conditions, etc.) of the heat insulation material to the greatest extent, and the highest use temperature and heat insulation effect of the material to be tested are comprehensively and accurately evaluated so as to meet urgent demands in the field.

The invention is not a matter of the known technology.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional evaluation device for a heat insulating material, comprising:

the sealed experiment cavity (100) is used for loading a sample to be tested and providing a sealed cavity environment for the sample to be tested;

the atmosphere environment control device (200) is connected with the sealed experiment cavity (100) and is used for providing an atmosphere environment required by an experiment for the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity (100);

The sealing experiment cavity (100) is provided with a hot surface component (300) which is fixedly arranged and used for bearing and attaching a hot surface of a sample to be tested and providing a constant hot surface temperature for the hot surface of the sample to be tested, a cold surface component (400) which is movably arranged and used for pressing and attaching a cover on a cold surface of the sample to be tested and providing a constant cold surface temperature for the cold surface of the sample to be tested, and a heat preservation clamping device (500) which is movably arranged and used for clamping and attaching the sample to be tested from the side direction of the sample to be tested;

The sealed experiment cavity (100) is also provided with a sample placing port (101) for conveniently placing a sample to be tested into a preset position and sealing or taking out the sample to be tested at the preset position;

The atmosphere environment control device (200) comprises a vacuum pump (201) and an air source (202), wherein the vacuum pump (201) and the air source (202) are respectively connected to the sealed experiment cavity (100) through air pipes, and the air pipes are arranged on the air control valve (203);

The multi-dimensional evaluation device further comprises a data acquisition control device (700).

2. The multi-dimensional evaluating device for heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein,

The heat-insulating clamping device (500) comprises a plurality of groups of movable clamping units, wherein each movable clamping unit comprises a power source (501), a movable arm (502) arranged at the power output end of the power source (501) and a heat-insulating block body (503) arranged at the free end of the movable arm (502), and the movable arm (502) is driven to move by the power source (501) so as to drive the heat-insulating block body (503) to move;

The power source (501) of the first group of movable clamping units which are arranged far away from the lofting port (101) adopts an axial driving device for driving the movable arm (502) to axially move;

The power source (501) of the second group of movable clamping units, which is arranged close to the lofting port (101), adopts a combined driving device of an axial driving device and a lifting driving device, the axial driving device is arranged at the power output end of the lifting driving device, and the movable arm (502) is arranged at the power output end of the axial driving device.

3. The multi-dimensional evaluating device for heat insulating material according to claim 2, wherein,

The heat-insulating blocks (503) of the first group of movable clamping units adopt U-shaped structures, the heat-insulating blocks (503) of the second group of movable clamping units adopt a shape structure,

The U-shaped structure is matched with the one-shaped structure and buckled to form a mouth-shaped structure so as to be attached to the sample to be tested from the lateral periphery.

4. The multi-dimensional evaluating device for heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein,

The cold surface assembly (400) comprises a testing head (401) which is used for extending into an opening in a cavity formed by enclosing the heat preservation clamping device (500) and is pressed and attached to the cold surface of a sample to be tested, and a lifting structure (402) which is arranged above the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity (100) and is connected with the testing head (401) at the power output end.

5. The multi-dimensional evaluating device for heat insulating material according to claim 4, wherein,

A constant temperature cooling device (600) is arranged outside the sealed experiment cavity (100);

the test head (401) comprises a metal frame and a water cooling cavity arranged on the metal frame, the water cooling cavity is connected with the constant temperature cooling device (600) through a pipeline and is used for being attached to the cold surface of the sample to be tested, and then the cold surface of the sample to be tested is subjected to high-temperature protection and constant cold surface temperature is provided for the cold surface of the sample to be tested.

6. The multi-dimensional evaluating device for heat insulating material according to claim 1, wherein,

The hot-surface component (300) comprises a soaking plate (301) which is fixed at the lower part of the inner cavity of the sealed experiment cavity (100) and is used for bearing a sample to be tested and is jointed with the hot surface of the sample to be tested, and a heating plate (302) which is arranged below the soaking plate (301),

The heating plate (302) is electrified to release constant heat and uniformly apply heat to the hot surface of the sample to be measured through the vapor chamber (301).

7. The multi-dimensional evaluating device for heat insulating material according to claim 6, wherein,

The heating plate (302) comprises a plate body bracket and a plurality of U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rods (3021) arranged on the plate body bracket,

The U-shaped silicon molybdenum rod (3021) is arranged close to one plate edge of the plate body bracket, the opening end of the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rod (3021) is arranged towards the adjacent plate edge, the arc end of the U-shaped silicon molybdenum rod (3021) is arranged towards the other adjacent plate edge,

The plurality of U-shaped silicon-molybdenum rods (3021) are rotationally symmetrically arranged in the circumferential direction of the plate body support and are arranged far away from the center of the plate body support, so that when heat is transmitted from the heating plate (302) to the hot surface of a sample to be tested through the soaking plate (301), the heat is uniformly transmitted from the periphery to the center, and the sample to be tested is more close to a one-dimensional steady-state heat transmission state during testing.

8. The multi-dimensional evaluation device for heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein,

The vacuum pump (201) comprises a rotary vane vacuum pump and a molecular pump, wherein the rotary vane vacuum pump is used for providing a low vacuum test environment, and the rotary vane vacuum pump and the molecular pump work together to provide a high vacuum test environment;

the gas source (202) includes at least one of an air supply, a nitrogen supply, and an inert gas supply.

9. The multi-dimensional evaluation device for heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein,

The data acquisition control device (700) comprises a computer and an acquisition conversion module, and the data acquisition control device (700) further comprises at least one of a heat flow meter, a thermocouple, a vacuum meter, an electronic gas flow meter, a force measuring sensor and a thickness measuring sensor;

the heat flow meter is arranged in the central area of the test head (401) of the cold face assembly (400);

the thermocouples are distributed in the central area of the hot face and/or the cold face of the sample to be measured so as to measure the average temperature of the hot face and/or the average temperature of the cold face of the sample to be measured;

The vacuum gauge and the electronic gas flowmeter are respectively arranged on a gas pipe communicated with the sealed experiment cavity (100) by the atmosphere environment control device (200);

The force transducer is arranged on the lifting component of the cold surface component (400); the thickness measuring sensor is arranged on the inner side wall surface of the cold surface assembly (400);

At least one of the heat flow meter, the thermocouple, the vacuum meter, the electronic gas flowmeter, the force measuring sensor and the thickness measuring sensor is respectively connected with the data acquisition and conversion module, and the atmosphere environment control device (200), the hot surface component (300), the cold surface component (400), the heat preservation clamping device (500) and the data acquisition and conversion module are respectively connected with the computer.

10. A method for evaluating a heat insulating material in a multi-dimensional manner, characterized by using the heat insulating material multi-dimensional evaluation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

S100, placing a sample to be tested between a vapor chamber (301) and a test head (401) through a sample outlet (101), and enabling a hot surface of the sample to be tested to be attached to the vapor chamber (301);

s200, controlling a heat-preservation clamping device (500) to clamp the periphery of a sample to be tested;

S300, setting a preset pressure value for the test head (401), and then pressing down and attaching the cold surface of the sample to be tested;

S400, determining and controlling the cold surface temperature, the hot surface temperature rising rate, the vacuum pressure and the atmosphere type according to experimental requirements;

S500, after the temperature of the hot surface reaches a set value and stabilizes for a preset time, the data acquisition control device (700) starts to test and record data, including the thickness of a sample to be tested, the temperature of the cold surface, the temperature of the hot surface, the hot current value and the vacuum pressure, and when the recorded values are stable, namely the test state reaches one-dimensional stable heat transfer, the data acquisition control device (700) performs one-dimensional stable Fourier heat transfer according to a one-dimensional stable Fourier heat transfer formula

；

In the method, in the process of the invention,Is the thermal conductivity; /(I)For the heat flux through the sample, the unit is/>；/>Is the thickness of the sample, and the unit is/>；/>The unit is/>, the temperature difference between the cold surface and the hot surface of the sample；/>Is a heat flow meter constant and is obtained by calibrating a material with a known heat conductivity coefficient;

And (3) automatically calculating effective data, and calculating the average value of the effective data when the effective data reach 5-10 times, so as to obtain a final heat conductivity result.