CN118208266A - Tunnel cross intersection integral template and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnel cross intersection integral template and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118208266A CN118208266A CN202410591668.1A CN202410591668A CN118208266A CN 118208266 A CN118208266 A CN 118208266A CN 202410591668 A CN202410591668 A CN 202410591668A CN 118208266 A CN118208266 A CN 118208266A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 82
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a tunnel cross integral template and a construction method thereof, wherein the tunnel cross integral template comprises diagonal stringers, diagonal beams, diagonal support columns, butt joint support columns, bottom support columns, longitudinal hole side wall templates, transverse hole side wall templates, longitudinal top edge templates, longitudinal top middle templates, longitudinal top inner templates, transverse top edge templates, base plates, transverse top middle templates and transverse top inner templates.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a tunnel cross intersection integral template and a construction method thereof.
Background
When the horizontal intersection of the transverse and longitudinal tunnels is called a tunnel cross intersection, the traditional assembly template trolley is adopted during the initial construction of the tunnel cross intersection, 4-6 special-shaped template trolleys are needed, the needed special-shaped templates are more, the cost investment is larger, the recycling rate is low, the safety risk is high, and the project economic benefit target cannot be met. If the tunnel is built at the beginning of the cross intersection at the position of 6 places in design, if the traditional assembly template trolley is used for the tunnel building construction, only the assembly template trolley group is assembled and transferred, so that the time and the labor are wasted, the cost investment is large, the special-shaped templates are more, and the economic benefit is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tunnel cross intersection integral template and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
Therefore, the construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing an intersection integral template according to the length, width and height dimension data of the tunnel cross intersection: the intersection integral template comprises a diagonal longitudinal beam, a diagonal support column, a butt joint part support column, a bottom support column, a longitudinal hole side wall template, a transverse hole side wall template, a longitudinal top edge template, a longitudinal top middle template, a longitudinal top inner template, a transverse top edge template, a base plate, a transverse top middle template and a transverse top inner template;
(2) A diagonal support column is respectively supported at the intersection of the longitudinal tunnel portal and the transverse tunnel portal, the lower end of each diagonal support column is arranged on the base plate, the diagonal support column at the left side of the longitudinal tunnel portal and the upper end of the diagonal support column at the right side of the opposite longitudinal tunnel portal are supported and fixed to form an arc-shaped diagonal longitudinal beam across the space of the tunnel portal, the diagonal support column at the left side of the transverse tunnel portal and the upper end of the diagonal support column at the right side of the opposite transverse tunnel portal are supported and fixed to form an arc-shaped diagonal cross beam across the space of the tunnel portal, the upper ends of the two diagonal cross beams are respectively in butt joint with the two sides of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam through butt joint plates, bolts and nuts to form an integral template support framework, and a butt joint part support column is arranged between the upper end of the diagonal cross beam and the lower end surface of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam and the vertical ground;
(3) Longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are arranged on two sides of a longitudinal and transverse hole opening on two sides of the diagonal support column, the lower ends of the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are arranged on the base plate, and the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are connected with the corresponding diagonal support column side edges through bolts;
(4) A longitudinal top edge template, a longitudinal top middle template, a longitudinal top inner template, a transverse top edge template, a transverse top middle template and a transverse top inner template are paved between the upper ends of the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse hole openings, the two sides of the longitudinal top edge template, the longitudinal top middle template, the longitudinal top inner template, the transverse top edge template, the transverse top middle template and the transverse top inner template are connected with the opposite-angle longitudinal beams and the opposite-angle cross beams of the corresponding parts through bolts, and the two adjacent templates are connected into a whole through connecting steel plates and bolts, so that a cross intersection integral template is formed;
(5) Setting bottom support columns at intervals between the lower ends of the integral template support frameworks and the ground of the vertical lines, and setting the bottom support columns at intervals between the middle parts of the lower ends of the middle parts of the templates and the ground of the corresponding vertical lines;
(6) Coating an anti-sticking agent or paving an anti-sticking plastic film layer on the upper end surface or the outer side of each template;
(7) Pouring tunnel side wall primary building concrete between the outer sides of the longitudinal and transverse hole side wall templates and the longitudinal and transverse hole side walls, and pouring vault tunnel primary building concrete from the upper end of the cross integral template at one side to the upper end of the cross integral template at the other side, so as to finish the primary building concrete integral pouring of the cross;
(8) And after the primary concrete of the cross reaches the set strength, removing the integral template of the cross to finish the primary concrete construction of the cross.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the method is characterized in that the whole templates of the cross are removed sequentially by removing bottom supporting columns arranged between the middle part of the lower end of the middle part of each template and the ground corresponding to the vertical line, bottom supporting columns arranged between the lower end of the whole template supporting framework and the ground corresponding to the vertical line, butt joint part supporting columns, fixing rods or supporting rods arranged between the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes or between the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes and the ground at the lower end of the diagonal supporting columns, withdrawing the base plates of the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes and the lower end of the diagonal supporting columns, enabling the whole templates of the cross to lose the top support of the base plates and sink 10cm towards the ground, completing the separation of the whole templates of the cross from the initial concrete lower end surface of the cross, and then removing the top templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes, the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes, the middle templates of the longitudinal and transverse tops, the diagonal cross beams, diagonal longitudinal and diagonal supporting columns in sequence.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the diagonal longitudinal beam and the diagonal transverse beam are made of I-steel, arc-shaped, the diagonal longitudinal beam is made of arc-shaped I-steel, butt flange plates connected with diagonal support columns are respectively arranged at two end edges of the diagonal longitudinal beam, the diagonal transverse beam is composed of two semi-arc-shaped I-steel, longitudinal beam butt joint plates with bolt holes are respectively arranged at two side edges of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam, transverse beam butt joint plates with bolt holes are respectively arranged at the upper end of the diagonal transverse beam, the two diagonal transverse beam through transverse beam butt joint plates are respectively connected with the longitudinal beam butt joint plates at two sides of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam into a whole through bolts, butt flange plates connected with the diagonal support columns are respectively arranged at the lower end of the diagonal transverse beam, and the lower end face of the end of the diagonal transverse beam and the lower end face of the diagonal longitudinal beam are propped against the upper end face of the butt joint part support columns.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the diagonal support column is made of I-steel, the upper end of the diagonal support column is provided with a butt flange connected with the diagonal longitudinal beam or the diagonal cross beam, and the diagonal support column is respectively connected with the diagonal longitudinal beam or the diagonal cross beam of the corresponding part through the butt flange and bolts.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes are rectangular templates, a supporting frame of the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes is formed by square steel struts positioned on two sides of the templates, angle steel connected to the upper ends of the square steel struts and a plurality of square steel cross beams fixed between the two square steel struts at intervals at the lower ends of the angle steel, and steel plates are arranged on the outer side faces of the supporting frame.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the longitudinal and transverse top edge templates are rectangular arc templates, each rectangular arc template is composed of a plurality of edge arc template beams which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of two ends are propped against the upper ends of the corresponding longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates, and angle steel which is connected with the adjacent edge arc template beams at two sides of the longitudinal end parts, an edge arc supporting frame is formed, a steel plate is arranged on the outer side face of the edge arc supporting frame, screw holes are correspondingly arranged on the outer side face of the angle steel in an interval, the edge arc template beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly arranged on the adjacent edge arc template beams which are connected with each other by each template, and two adjacent templates are mutually connected into a whole through connecting steel plates and bolts penetrating through the screw holes.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the middle templates of the longitudinal and transverse tops are ladder-shaped arc templates, each ladder-shaped arc template is composed of a plurality of middle arc template beams which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of two ends of each ladder-shaped arc template are propped against adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams, and frame longitudinal beams which are connected with the adjacent middle arc template beams at two sides of the edges, a middle arc supporting frame is formed, the outer side face of the middle arc supporting frame is provided with a steel plate, two ends of the inner side face of the middle arc template beams are provided with screw holes, the middle arc template beams and the frame longitudinal beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly formed in the adjacent middle arc template beams, and two adjacent templates are connected into a whole through bolts which pass through the screw holes and are connected with each other through connecting steel plates.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the longitudinal and transverse top inner templates are triangular arc templates, each triangular arc template consists of a plurality of top arc template beams which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of two ends are propped against adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams, triangular steel blocks positioned at the top angles of the triangular arc templates, and top frame longitudinal beams connected with the adjacent top arc template beams and the triangular steel blocks at two sides to form a top arc supporting frame, steel plates are arranged on the outer side faces of the top arc supporting frames, screw holes are formed in the two ends of the inner side faces of the top arc template beams, the top arc template beams and the top frame longitudinal beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly formed in the adjacent top arc template beams connected by the templates, and the adjacent templates are connected into a whole through bolts passing through the screw holes by connecting steel plates.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the base plate is a rectangular cast iron seat with the height of 10cm, and the base area of the base plate is larger than that of the supported object.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the two diagonal cross beams and the diagonal longitudinal beam are crossed vertically, and the upper end face of the middle part of the diagonal cross beam and the upper end face of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam are on the same plane.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The invention solves the problems existing in the construction of the tunnel lining structure of the existing crossroad, only the traditional 2 template assembling trolleys are needed when the integral template of the crossroad is erected, the required template consumption is small, the cost investment is low, the repeated recycling is realized, and the integral template of the crossroad has the advantages of light weight, simple operation, good stability and small safety risk, and can meet the project economic benefit target. The invention proves that the integral template of the cross intersection can be applied to the primary building construction of the cross intersection at each place when the length 1167m of the tunnel in the kiln is reduced, the cost input is only 40% of the traditional construction cost, and the integral template is assembled and transferred to save time and labor, thereby having better economic benefit.
2. The invention has the advantages of convenient construction, no need of large construction machinery, simple working procedure, easy grasp, better use effect, labor saving and effort saving during construction, simple construction, high speed, material saving, high efficiency and strong practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cross-over overall form of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the diagonal longitudinal, transverse and diagonal support post support structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the diagonal stringers, diagonal support columns, butt-joint, bottom support column support structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the diagonal support column structure and the diagonal stringers of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the joint between the diagonal stringers and diagonal cross members of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution and connection structure of the longitudinal top edge template, the base plate and the longitudinal opening side wall template of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the longitudinal and transverse top edge templates of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the cross roof middle form and the connecting plate of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the transverse roof inner form of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, not all. Based on the examples in the embodiments, those skilled in the art can obtain other examples without making any inventive effort, which fall within the scope of the invention. The construction methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the materials, apparatuses, devices, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a construction method of a tunnel cross intersection integral template includes the following steps:
(1) The tunnel cross is the space of the crossing of the longitudinal tunnel 7 and the transverse tunnel 10 which are crossed with each other, and an intersection integral template is prepared according to the length-width-height dimension data of the tunnel cross, and comprises a diagonal longitudinal beam 1, a diagonal beam 14, a diagonal support column 8, a butt joint support column 12, a bottom support column 13, a longitudinal hole side wall template 9, a transverse hole side wall template 11, a longitudinal top edge template 5, a longitudinal top middle template 6, a longitudinal top inner template 21, a transverse top edge template 3, a base plate 18, a transverse top middle template 4 and a transverse top inner template 2.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the diagonal girder 1 and the diagonal girder 14 are made of i-steel, and are arc-shaped, the diagonal girder 1 is made of an arc-shaped i-steel, two end edges of the diagonal girder are respectively provided with a butt flange 25 connected with the diagonal support column 8, two side edges of the middle part of the diagonal girder are respectively provided with a girder butt plate 17 with bolt holes, the diagonal girder 14 is composed of two semi-arc-shaped i-steel, and the upper ends of the diagonal girders are respectively provided with a girder butt plate 15 with bolt holes. When the diagonal longitudinal beam 1 and the diagonal transverse beam 14 are in butt joint, the two diagonal transverse beams are crossed with the diagonal longitudinal beam in a cross way, the upper end face of the middle part of the diagonal transverse beam and the upper end face of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam are on the same plane, so that an arc-shaped face is formed, and two sides of each template can be conveniently supported. The two diagonal beams are connected with the beam butt joint plates 17 on the two sides of the middle part of the diagonal beam into a whole through bolts 16 and nuts respectively. The lower end of the diagonal beam is respectively provided with a butt flange 25 connected with the diagonal support column, and the lower end face of the end part of the diagonal beam and the lower end face of the end part of the diagonal longitudinal beam are propped against the upper end face of the butt support column 12. The butt joint part support column 12 and the bottom support column 13 are made of square steel, and pressure-bearing steel plates can be arranged at two ends of each support column and used for dispersing the bearing force of the whole formwork of the cross.
As shown in fig. 4, the diagonal support columns 8 are made of i-steel, four diagonal support columns are provided, the upper ends of the diagonal support columns are provided with butt flange plates 25 connected with the diagonal longitudinal beams or the diagonal cross beams, the diagonal support columns 8 are respectively connected with the diagonal longitudinal beams or the diagonal cross beams of the corresponding parts through the butt flange plates, bolts 16 and nuts, and the bottom ends of the diagonal support columns can be provided with pressure-bearing steel plates for dispersing bearing force.
As shown in fig. 6, the longitudinal hole side wall templates 9 and the transverse hole side wall templates 11 are rectangular templates, which are 4 corresponding longitudinal hole side wall templates and 4 transverse hole side wall templates, the rectangular templates are a supporting frame of the longitudinal hole side wall templates and the transverse hole side wall templates, which is formed by square steel struts 91 positioned on two sides of the templates, angle steel 92 connected to the upper ends of the square steel struts, and a plurality of square steel beams 93 fixed between the two square steel struts at intervals at the lower ends of the angle steel, and the outer side surface of the supporting frame is provided with a steel plate 19.
And the initial building side walls of the vertical tunnel 7 hole and the horizontal tunnel 10 hole are formed between the rear sides of the side wall templates of the vertical and horizontal holes and the side wall of the tunnel hole after concrete is poured.
As shown in fig. 7, the longitudinal top edge templates 5 and the transverse top edge templates 3 are rectangular arc (or semicircular) templates, and are two corresponding longitudinal top edge templates and two transverse top edge templates, the rectangular arc templates are composed of a plurality of edge arc template beams 52 which are transversely distributed at intervals and the lower parts of the two ends of the rectangular arc templates are propped against the upper ends of the corresponding longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates, and angle steel 51 which is connected with the adjacent edge arc template beams at the two sides of the longitudinal end parts, so as to form an edge arc supporting frame, the edge arc template beams are mainly used as template bearing supporting beams, and the distance between the adjacent edge arc template beams is 30-40 cm. The steel plate 19 is arranged on the outer side face of the side arc-shaped supporting frame, the thickness of the steel plate is 2mm, screw holes are correspondingly arranged on the outer side face of the angle steel at intervals, and the steel plate is used for being in butt joint with the angle steel 92 on the upper ends of the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates of the corresponding parts through bolts 16 and nuts, so that the upper ends of the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are fixed with the corresponding longitudinal and transverse top edge templates into a whole. The side arc-shaped template beams are made of square steel, screw holes 43 are correspondingly formed in the adjacent side arc-shaped template beams connected with each template, and the two adjacent templates are connected into a whole through the connecting steel plates 20 and bolts 16 penetrating through the screw holes.
As shown in fig. 8, the middle longitudinal top template 6 and the middle transverse top template 4 are ladder-shaped arc templates, which are two corresponding middle longitudinal top templates and two middle transverse top templates, each ladder-shaped arc template is composed of a plurality of middle arc template beams 42 which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of the two ends of each middle arc template beam are propped against adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams, and frame longitudinal beams 41 which are connected with the adjacent middle arc template beams at two sides of the edges, so as to form a middle arc supporting frame, the outer side of the middle arc supporting frame is provided with a steel plate 19, the two ends of the inner side of the middle arc template beams are provided with screw holes 43 for propping up the screw holes on the side edges of the adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams and aligning with the screw holes on the side edges of the diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams and connecting with each other into a whole through bolts screwed in the two screw holes. The middle arc-shaped template cross beams and the frame longitudinal beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly formed in the middle arc-shaped template cross beams adjacent to each other, and the two adjacent templates are connected into a whole through connecting steel plates and bolts penetrating through the screw holes.
As shown in fig. 9, the inner longitudinal roof templates 21 and the inner transverse roof templates 2 are triangular arc templates, which are two corresponding inner longitudinal roof templates and two inner transverse roof templates, the triangular arc templates are composed of a plurality of top arc template beams 22 which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of the two ends of which are propped against adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams, triangular steel blocks 24 positioned at the vertex angles of the triangular arc templates, and top frame stringers 23 which are connected with the adjacent top arc template beams 22 and the triangular steel blocks 24 at two sides to form a top arc supporting frame, steel plates 19 are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the top arc supporting frame, screw holes 43 are arranged at the two ends of the inner side surfaces of the top arc template beams and are aligned with screw holes on the side edges of the diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams after propping against the side edges of the adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams, and the screw holes are connected into a whole through bolts which are screwed into the two screw holes.
The top arc-shaped template cross beams and the top edge frame longitudinal beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly formed in the adjacent top arc-shaped template cross beams connected with each template, and the adjacent templates are connected into a whole through connecting steel plates 20 and bolts penetrating through the screw holes.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the base plate 18 is a rectangular cast iron base having a height of 10cm, and the base plate has a base area larger than that of the supported object.
(2) A pair of diagonal support columns are respectively arranged at the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse holes in the tunnel cross intersection, and the lower ends of the diagonal support columns are arranged on the base plate 18 so as to facilitate the removal of the die. The upper ends of the diagonal support columns at the left side of the longitudinal hole and the diagonal support columns at the right side of the opposite longitudinal hole are fixedly supported by the diagonal longitudinal beams which are arc-shaped and span the cross intersection space of the tunnel, the upper ends of the diagonal support columns at the left side of the transverse hole and the diagonal support columns at the right side of the opposite transverse hole are fixedly supported by the diagonal cross beams which are arc-shaped and span the cross intersection space of the tunnel, the upper ends of the two diagonal cross beams are respectively butted with the two sides of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beams through butt joint plates, bolts and nuts to form an integral template support framework, and butt joint part support columns 12 are arranged between the lower end surfaces of the upper ends of the diagonal cross beams and the middle parts of the diagonal longitudinal beams and the vertical ground.
(3) Longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are arranged on two sides of the longitudinal and transverse holes on two sides of the diagonal support column 8, the lower ends of the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are arranged on the base plate, and the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are connected with the corresponding diagonal support column side edges through bolts.
(4) And a longitudinal top edge template, a longitudinal top edge middle template, a longitudinal top edge inner template, a transverse top edge middle template and a transverse top edge inner template are paved between the upper ends of the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse hole openings, the two sides of the longitudinal top edge template, the transverse top edge middle template and the transverse top edge inner template are connected with the diagonal longitudinal beams and the diagonal cross beams of the corresponding parts through bolts, and the adjacent template cross beams between the adjacent templates are connected into a whole through the connecting steel plates 20 and the bolts penetrating through the screw holes, so that the connection between the adjacent templates is formed, and the cross intersection integral template is formed.
(5) A plurality of bottom support columns 13 are arranged at intervals between the lower ends of the support frameworks of the integral templates and the ground of the vertical lines, and a plurality of bottom support columns are arranged at intervals between the middle parts of the lower ends of the middle parts of the templates and the ground of the corresponding vertical lines so as to disperse bearing force on the integral templates of the crisscross intersections. And fixing rods or supporting rods are arranged between the longitudinal and transverse tunnel opening side wall templates of the same tunnel opening or between the longitudinal and transverse tunnel opening side wall templates and the ground at the lower end so as to fix the longitudinal and transverse tunnel opening side wall templates.
(6) And a steel plate 19 on the upper end face or the outer side face of each template is coated with an anti-sticking agent or paved with an anti-sticking plastic film layer, so that each template is prevented from being adhered to the poured as-built concrete.
(7) Firstly, pouring tunnel side wall primary building concrete between the outer sides of the longitudinal and transverse hole side wall templates and the longitudinal and transverse hole side walls, and then pouring vault tunnel primary building concrete from the upper end of the cross integral template at one side to the upper end of the cross integral template at the other side, so as to finish the primary building concrete integral pouring of the cross.
(8) And after the primary concrete of the cross reaches the set strength, removing the integral template of the cross to finish the primary concrete construction of the cross.
The whole template sequence of removing the cross is to remove a bottom support column arranged between the middle part of the lower end of the middle part of each template and the ground corresponding to the vertical line, a bottom support column arranged between the lower end of the whole template support framework and the ground corresponding to the vertical line, a butt joint part support column, and a fixed rod or a support rod is arranged between the side wall templates of the longitudinal and horizontal holes or between the side wall templates and the ground at the lower end; withdrawing the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes and the base plate at the lower end of the diagonal support column, so that the whole template of the cross is sunk to the ground by 10cm after the whole template of the cross loses the support of the base plate; separating the whole template of the cross intersection from the lower end surface of the primary concrete of the cross intersection; and then sequentially removing the longitudinal and transverse top edge templates, the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates, the longitudinal and transverse top middle templates, the longitudinal and transverse top inner templates, the diagonal beam, the diagonal longitudinal beam and the diagonal support column.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparing an intersection integral template according to the length, width and height dimension data of the tunnel cross intersection: the intersection integral template comprises a diagonal longitudinal beam, a diagonal support column, a butt joint part support column, a bottom support column, a longitudinal hole side wall template, a transverse hole side wall template, a longitudinal top edge template, a longitudinal top middle template, a longitudinal top inner template, a transverse top edge template, a base plate, a transverse top middle template and a transverse top inner template;
(2) A diagonal support column is respectively supported at the intersection of the longitudinal tunnel portal and the transverse tunnel portal, the lower end of each diagonal support column is arranged on the base plate, the diagonal support column at the left side of the longitudinal tunnel portal and the upper end of the diagonal support column at the right side of the opposite longitudinal tunnel portal are supported and fixed to form an arc-shaped diagonal longitudinal beam across the space of the tunnel portal, the diagonal support column at the left side of the transverse tunnel portal and the upper end of the diagonal support column at the right side of the opposite transverse tunnel portal are supported and fixed to form an arc-shaped diagonal cross beam across the space of the tunnel portal, the upper ends of the two diagonal cross beams are respectively in butt joint with the two sides of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam through butt joint plates, bolts and nuts to form an integral template support framework, and a butt joint part support column is arranged between the upper end of the diagonal cross beam and the lower end surface of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam and the vertical ground;
(3) Longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are arranged on two sides of a longitudinal and transverse hole opening on two sides of the diagonal support column, the lower ends of the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are arranged on the base plate, and the longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates are connected with the corresponding diagonal support column side edges through bolts;
(4) A longitudinal top edge template, a longitudinal top middle template, a longitudinal top inner template, a transverse top edge template, a transverse top middle template and a transverse top inner template are paved between the upper ends of the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse hole openings, the two sides of the longitudinal top edge template, the longitudinal top middle template, the longitudinal top inner template, the transverse top edge template, the transverse top middle template and the transverse top inner template are connected with the opposite-angle longitudinal beams and the opposite-angle cross beams of the corresponding parts through bolts, and the two adjacent templates are connected into a whole through connecting steel plates and bolts, so that a cross intersection integral template is formed;
(5) Setting bottom support columns at intervals between the lower ends of the integral template support frameworks and the ground of the vertical lines, and setting the bottom support columns at intervals between the middle parts of the lower ends of the middle parts of the templates and the ground of the corresponding vertical lines;
(6) Coating an anti-sticking agent or paving an anti-sticking plastic film layer on the upper end surface or the outer side of each template;
(7) Pouring tunnel side wall primary building concrete between the outer sides of the longitudinal and transverse hole side wall templates and the longitudinal and transverse hole side walls, and pouring vault tunnel primary building concrete from the upper end of the cross integral template at one side to the upper end of the cross integral template at the other side, so as to finish the primary building concrete integral pouring of the cross;
(8) And after the primary concrete of the cross reaches the set strength, removing the integral template of the cross to finish the primary concrete construction of the cross.
2. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that the whole templates of the cross are removed sequentially by removing bottom supporting columns arranged between the middle part of the lower end of the middle part of each template and the ground corresponding to the vertical line, bottom supporting columns arranged between the lower end of the whole template supporting framework and the ground corresponding to the vertical line, butt joint part supporting columns, fixing rods or supporting rods arranged between the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes or between the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes and the ground at the lower end of the diagonal supporting columns, withdrawing the base plates of the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes and the lower end of the diagonal supporting columns, enabling the whole templates of the cross to lose the top support of the base plates and sink 10cm towards the ground, completing the separation of the whole templates of the cross from the initial concrete lower end surface of the cross, and then removing the top templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes, the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes, the middle templates of the longitudinal and transverse tops, the diagonal cross beams, diagonal longitudinal and diagonal supporting columns in sequence.
3. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the diagonal longitudinal beam and the diagonal transverse beam are made of I-steel, arc-shaped, the diagonal longitudinal beam is made of arc-shaped I-steel, butt flange plates connected with diagonal support columns are respectively arranged at two end edges of the diagonal longitudinal beam, the diagonal transverse beam is composed of two semi-arc-shaped I-steel, longitudinal beam butt joint plates with bolt holes are respectively arranged at two side edges of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam, transverse beam butt joint plates with bolt holes are respectively arranged at the upper end of the diagonal transverse beam, the two diagonal transverse beam through transverse beam butt joint plates are respectively connected with the longitudinal beam butt joint plates at two sides of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam into a whole through bolts, butt flange plates connected with the diagonal support columns are respectively arranged at the lower end of the diagonal transverse beam, and the lower end face of the end of the diagonal transverse beam and the lower end face of the diagonal longitudinal beam are propped against the upper end face of the butt joint part support columns.
4. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the diagonal support column is made of I-steel, the upper end of the diagonal support column is provided with a butt flange connected with the diagonal longitudinal beam or the diagonal cross beam, and the diagonal support column is respectively connected with the diagonal longitudinal beam or the diagonal cross beam of the corresponding part through the butt flange and bolts.
5. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes are rectangular templates, a supporting frame of the side wall templates of the longitudinal and transverse holes is formed by square steel struts positioned on two sides of the templates, angle steel connected to the upper ends of the square steel struts and a plurality of square steel cross beams fixed between the two square steel struts at intervals at the lower ends of the angle steel, and steel plates are arranged on the outer side faces of the supporting frame.
6. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the longitudinal and transverse top edge templates are rectangular arc templates, each rectangular arc template is composed of a plurality of edge arc template beams which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of two ends are propped against the upper ends of the corresponding longitudinal and transverse hole opening side wall templates, and angle steel which is connected with the adjacent edge arc template beams at two sides of the longitudinal end parts, an edge arc supporting frame is formed, a steel plate is arranged on the outer side face of the edge arc supporting frame, screw holes are correspondingly arranged on the outer side face of the angle steel in an interval, the edge arc template beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly arranged on the adjacent edge arc template beams which are connected with each other by each template, and two adjacent templates are mutually connected into a whole through connecting steel plates and bolts penetrating through the screw holes.
7. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the middle templates of the longitudinal and transverse tops are ladder-shaped arc templates, each ladder-shaped arc template is composed of a plurality of middle arc template beams which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of two ends of each ladder-shaped arc template are propped against adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams, and frame longitudinal beams which are connected with the adjacent middle arc template beams at two sides of the edges, a middle arc supporting frame is formed, the outer side face of the middle arc supporting frame is provided with a steel plate, two ends of the inner side face of the middle arc template beams are provided with screw holes, the middle arc template beams and the frame longitudinal beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly formed in the adjacent middle arc template beams, and two adjacent templates are connected into a whole through bolts which pass through the screw holes and are connected with each other through connecting steel plates.
8. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the longitudinal and transverse top inner templates are triangular arc templates, each triangular arc template consists of a plurality of top arc template beams which are distributed transversely at intervals and the lower parts of two ends are propped against adjacent diagonal longitudinal and transverse beams, triangular steel blocks positioned at the top angles of the triangular arc templates, and top frame longitudinal beams connected with the adjacent top arc template beams and the triangular steel blocks at two sides to form a top arc supporting frame, steel plates are arranged on the outer side faces of the top arc supporting frames, screw holes are formed in the two ends of the inner side faces of the top arc template beams, the top arc template beams and the top frame longitudinal beams are made of square steel, screw holes are correspondingly formed in the adjacent top arc template beams connected by the templates, and the adjacent templates are connected into a whole through bolts passing through the screw holes by connecting steel plates.
9. The construction method of the tunnel cross intersection integral template according to claim 1, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the base plate is a rectangular cast iron seat with the height of 10cm, and the base area of the base plate is larger than that of the supported object.
10. The shallow-buried road-penetrating explosion-forbidden hard rock tunnel down-hole drill coring cleavage excavation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the two diagonal cross beams and the diagonal longitudinal beam are crossed vertically, and the upper end face of the middle part of the diagonal cross beam and the upper end face of the middle part of the diagonal longitudinal beam are on the same plane.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410591668.1A CN118208266A (en) | 2024-05-14 | 2024-05-14 | Tunnel cross intersection integral template and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410591668.1A CN118208266A (en) | 2024-05-14 | 2024-05-14 | Tunnel cross intersection integral template and construction method thereof |
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