CN118184995A - 一种含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物、制备方法、改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物、制备方法、改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical class O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物、制备方法、改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备方法及应用,所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物具有式I所述的结构;式中,m+n=1,且m≥0,n>0,其中m、n为摩尔百分数。本申请制备的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂具备良好的抗冲击性能,聚合物增韧剂增韧改性后的双马树脂具备很好的抗冲击性,大大提高了原双马来酰亚胺树脂的韧性,在航空航天等高端领域都有很好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及一种含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物、制备方法、改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备方法及应用,属于高分子增韧剂技术领域。
背景技术
航空航天等高等领域中广泛应用双马树脂,双马树脂具有韧性低的不足,改性双马树脂成为复合材料研究及应用的重点。目前改性双马树脂具有局限性,不能满足那些先进结构复合材料对双马来酰亚胺BDM树脂基体的韧性要求。如CN 103602066 A单是用少量低分子量聚合物本身的耐热性与韧性的醚砜来增韧滑移能力强的DABPA/BDM树脂效果并不显著。国内利用反应性增韧剂对双马来酰亚胺BDM的增韧研究很少,部分文献侧基反应型增韧剂对双马来酰亚胺BDM树脂的增韧应用效果不理想。
发明内容
本申请的目是制备一种反应型聚芳醚酮增韧剂并研究其对双马来酰亚胺的增韧改性效果。将二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)、二氟二苯酮、和酚酞溶于极性非质子溶剂中在催化剂碳酸钾存在下以甲苯为带水剂在氮气中搅拌进聚合行反应,得到含丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)聚合物。再将聚合物、二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)与双马来酰亚胺(BDM)共混并进行梯度升温交联固化得到改性后的双马来酰亚胺树脂。最后进行切割、打磨等后处理得到样条进行性能测试,由此聚合物增韧剂增韧改性后的双马树脂具备很好的抗冲击性,大大提高了原双马来酰亚胺树脂的韧性。
本申请用含丙烯基聚芳醚酮增韧剂以其分子链内少量的反应基团与双马来酰亚胺(BDM)反应固定对双马来酰亚胺BDM树脂来进行增韧,提高BDM树脂韧性,为扩大BDM树脂基复合材料的应用创造条件。
根据本申请的第一个方面,提供了一种含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物,所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物具有式I所示结构;
式I中,m+n=1,且m>0,n>0,其中m、n为摩尔百分数;
Ar选自式II-1、式II-2、式II-3、式II-4中的一种;
可选地,所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物的特性粘度为0.4~0.6dL/g。
根据本申请的第二个方面,提供了一种上述所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物的制备方法,所述制备方法包括:
在非活性气氛下,将含有二烯丙基双酚A、二氟二苯酮、酚酞、催化剂、带水剂的混合物I,反应I,得到含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物。
可选地,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述二氟二苯酮的摩尔比为k1:10~1:5,0<k1<2。
可选地,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述酚酞的摩尔比为k2:10~1:4,0<k2<2.5。
可选地,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述催化剂的摩尔比为k3:10~1:5,0<k3<2。
可选地,所述催化剂选自碳酸钾和/或碳酸钠。
可选地,所述带水剂为甲苯。
可选地,所述混合物I中还包括极性非质子溶剂,所述极性非质子溶剂选自N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜中的至少一种。
可选地,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述极性非质子溶剂的摩尔比为k4:10~1:10,0<k4<2。
可选地,所述反应I的温度为160~190℃,反应I的时间为1~10h。
可选地,所述反应I的温度选自160℃、165℃、170℃、175℃、180℃、185℃、190℃中的任意值或上述任意两点间的范围值。
可选地,所述搅拌反应I的时间选自1h、2h、3h、5h、8h、10h中的任意值或上述任意两点间的范围值。
根据本申请的第三个方面,提供了一种改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物、二烯丙基双酚A、双马来酰亚胺单体的混合物II,反应II,得到共混树脂预聚体;
(2)将共混树脂预聚体倒入模具,脱泡,得到所述改性双马来酰亚胺树脂;
所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮树脂选自上述所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物、上述所述的制备方法制备的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物;
所述双马来酰亚胺单体为N,N-二胺基二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺。
可选地,所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物与所述二烯丙基双酚A的质量比为k5:75~4:15,0<k5<20。
可选地,所述双马来酰亚胺单体与所述二烯丙基双酚A的摩尔比为1:0.8~1:1。
可选地,所述反应II的温度为200℃~250℃,反应II的时间为2h~8h。
可选地,所述反应II的温度选自200℃、220℃、230℃、240℃、250℃中的任意值或上述任意两点间的范围值。
可选地,所述反应II的时间选自2h、4h、6h、8h、10h中的任意值或上述任意两点间的范围值。
可选地,所述脱泡的温度为110℃~130℃。
可选地,所述脱泡的温度选自110℃、115℃、120℃、125℃、130℃中的任意值或上述任意两点间的范围值。
根据本申请的第四个方面,提供了一种上述所述的制备方法制备的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂、上述所述的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂在航空航天中的应用。
作为一个具体的实施方式,本申请通过下述技术方案实现:
一种反应型聚芳醚酮的制备方法如下:
二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)、二氟二苯酮、酚酞溶于极性非质子溶剂中在催化剂碳酸钾存在下以甲苯为带水剂在氮气中搅拌反应。
可选地,二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)在丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)分子链段中的单元含量不超过20%。
一种RPEK-C/DABPA/BDM共混树脂制备方法如下:
第一步,含丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)热熔于二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA),再加入双马来酰亚胺(BDM)制得共混树脂,获得BDM:DABPA摩尔比为1:0.87的共混树脂预聚体;
第二步,将上步制得的共混树脂预聚体通过模具制作浇铸体平板;
第三步,对预聚体进行脱泡处理;
第四步,在烘箱内上按工艺要求制成复合材料板材,所述的板材经切割、后处理即得到复合材料。
可选地,所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)的重量份数为10份、二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)及双马来亚酰胺的总重量份数为100份。
可选地,所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)的重量份数为7.5份、二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)及双马来亚酰胺的总重量份数为100份。
可选地,所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)的重量份数为5份、二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)及双马来亚酰胺的总重量份数为100份。
可选地,所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)的重量份数为2.5份、二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)及双马来亚酰胺的总重量份数为100份。
可选地,所述的第二步中将共混树脂熔体趁热浇入已预热并涂有脱模剂的模具中,经115℃下真空脱泡后移入烘箱以梯度升温形式进行固化工艺,之后冷却至室温脱模,得到浇铸体平板。
本申请还提供了定量加入二烯丙基双酚A的方式,以解决二烯丙基双酚A过于黏稠,称量时药品挂壁,难以定量加入的问题。将定量二烯丙基双酚A溶解于二甲苯中,用移液枪进行精确加料,升温过程中二甲苯会被带出。
本申请能产生的有益效果包括:
本申请聚合物增韧剂增韧改性后的双马树脂具备很好的抗冲击性,大大提高了原双马来酰亚胺树脂的韧性在航空航天等高端领域都有很好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例1中制备的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮的核磁图谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例详述本申请,但本申请并不局限于这些实施例。
如无特别说明,本申请的实施例中的原料均通过商业途径购买。
本申请采用中旺粘度计(编号GD202004386)仪器进行特性黏度的检测。
本申请采用Bruker 400M核磁共振谱仪仪器进行核磁表征。
实施例1
二烯丙基双酚A具有式(1)所示结构、酚酞具有式(2)所示结构、二氟二苯酮具有式(3)所示结构:
称取11.460g酚酞粉末与8.728g二氟二苯酮粉末及1.3707g溶解于二甲苯中的二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)及6.358g的碳酸钾粉末分散于58ml N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)溶剂中,用甲苯带水,145℃下带水2h,在155℃除甲苯,185℃聚合2h。反应结束后,将反应液倒入乙醇与水的混合溶液中,沉淀物经过滤、粉碎、煮洗、烘干,得到含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物(RPEK-C),三种单体进行共聚反应制备出含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物(RPEK-C),在25℃条件下测得特性黏度为0.6dL/g。如图1所示为RPEK-C的核磁图谱,从图中可以看出烯丙基双酚A单体中的烯丙基已经完全转化为了聚合物中的丙烯基。
实施例2
将如下三种物质进行共混交联固化反应制备出的树脂,二烯丙基双酚A具有式(1)所示结构、双马来酰亚胺具有式(4)所示结构、含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物(RPEK-C)具有式(5)所示结构、
其中,式(5)中m的取值为0.1,n的取值为0.9;
称取23.85g二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)升温至120℃,再将5.014g含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物(RPEK-C)加入其中,充分均匀搅拌至完全溶解后,加入28.67g双马来酰亚胺搅拌至完全溶解。将混合物倒入模具,在120℃真空烘箱除气泡,气泡除尽后转移至高温鼓风烘箱以160℃×2h+180℃×2h+200℃×8h进行梯度升温固化,制得改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,即含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物增韧改性后的树脂。
实施例3
将实施例2中制备的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物增韧改性后的树脂经打磨、切割成树脂样条,将含丙烯基聚芳醚酮(RPEK-C)增韧树脂样条与聚芳醚酮(PEK-C)增韧树脂样条与纯双马来酰亚胺BDM树脂抗冲击性能,采用悬臂梁/简支梁组合抗冲击试验机在简支梁模式7.5J,3.5m/s条件下进行测试如表1:
表1:增韧树脂的抗冲击性能测试表
实验结果表明,从表1中可以看出含丙烯基聚芳醚酮可以增加双马来酰亚胺树脂的抗冲击性能,使其具备更好的韧性。
以上所述,仅是本申请的几个实施例,并非对本申请做任何形式的限制,虽然本申请以较佳实施例揭示如上,然而并非用以限制本申请,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本申请技术方案的范围内,利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许的变动或修饰均等同于等效实施案例,均属于技术方案范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物,其特征在于,所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物具有式I所示结构;
式I中,m+n=1,且m>0,n>0,其中m、n为摩尔百分数;
Ar选自式II-1、式II-2、式II-3、式II-4中的一种;
2.根据权利要求1所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物,其特征在于,所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物的特性粘度为0.4~0.6dL/g。
3.权利要求1或2所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:
在非活性气氛下,将含有二烯丙基双酚A、二氟二苯酮、酚酞、催化剂、带水剂的混合物I,反应I,得到含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述二氟二苯酮的摩尔比为k1:10~1:5,0<k1<2;
优选地,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述酚酞的摩尔比为k2:10~1:4,0<k2<2.5;
优选地,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述催化剂的摩尔比为k3:10~1:5,0<k3<2;
优选地,所述催化剂选自碳酸钾和/或碳酸钠;
优选地,所述带水剂为甲苯。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述混合物I中还包括极性非质子溶剂,所述极性非质子溶剂选自N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜中的至少一种;
优选地,所述二烯丙基双酚A与所述极性非质子溶剂的摩尔比为k4:10~1:10,0<k4<2。
6.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述反应I的温度为160~190℃,反应I的时间为1~10h。
7.一种改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)含丙烯基聚芳醚砜聚合物、二烯丙基双酚A、双马来酰亚胺单体的混合物II,反应II,得到共混树脂预聚体;
(2)将共混树脂预聚体倒入模具,脱泡,得到所述改性双马来酰亚胺树脂;
所述含丙烯基聚芳醚酮树脂选自权利要求1至2任一项所述的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物、权利要求3至6任一项所述的制备方法制备的含丙烯基聚芳醚酮聚合物;
所述双马来酰亚胺单体为N,N-二胺基二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述含丙烯基聚DD220796I-DL
芳醚酮聚合物与所述二烯丙基双酚A的质量比为k5:75~4:15,0<k5<20;
优选地,所述双马来酰亚胺单体与所述二烯丙基双酚A的摩尔比为1:0.8~1:1。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述反应II的温度为200~250℃,反应II的时间为2h~8h;
优选地,所述脱泡的温度为110℃~130℃。
10.权利要求7至9任一项所述的制备方法制备的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂、权利要求9所述的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂在航空航天中的应用。
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