CN118165783A - Camellia seed extraction process - Google Patents
Camellia seed extraction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN118165783A CN118165783A CN202410482185.8A CN202410482185A CN118165783A CN 118165783 A CN118165783 A CN 118165783A CN 202410482185 A CN202410482185 A CN 202410482185A CN 118165783 A CN118165783 A CN 118165783A
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- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 333
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000209507 Camellia Species 0.000 title description 2
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 331
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 85
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 65
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims description 48
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 claims description 45
- 210000003855 cell nucleus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007248 cellular mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108091005658 Basic proteases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010089934 carbohydrase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/12—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by melting out
- C11B1/16—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by melting out with steam
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cosmetics, and provides a camellia seed extraction process, which is characterized in that the dryness of camellia seeds is obtained by preprocessing picked camellia seeds, the optimal temperature and the optimal time suitable for drying the camellia seeds are obtained based on the drying of the camellia seeds, in the process of determining the optimal temperature and the optimal time suitable for drying the camellia seeds, the optimal temperature and the optimal time suitable for drying the camellia seeds are obtained based on a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change and a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of time change, the moisture content under the condition of different temperatures and time can be obtained, the damage of grease in the drying process is reduced, the incomplete drying caused by the too low temperature or the too short time is avoided, and the drying efficiency of the camellia seeds is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cosmetics and grease extraction, and particularly relates to a camellia seed extraction process.
Background
The camellia seed is used as a natural vegetable oil source, the grease of the camellia seed is rich in various fatty acids beneficial to human bodies, the traditional camellia seed extraction process often has the problems of low oil yield, unstable grease quality and the like, in the process of processing and extracting the camellia seed, the condition that the moisture content of the camellia seed after drying is close to zero is required to be ensured, and after embryo pressing and cooking are carried out on the camellia seed, the cell structure of the camellia seed is ensured to be damaged.
One chinese patent with publication No. CN113773902B discloses an extraction method for camellia seeds, comprising: soaking camellia seed in water, filtering to remove water, adding ethanol solution, refrigerating, soaking, oven drying, and pulverizing to obtain pulverized material; adding an ethanol solution into the crushed material, stirring, and carrying out microwave treatment to obtain a microwave treated material; adding alkaline protease modified particles into the microwave treated matter, stirring, preserving heat, homogenizing, adjusting pH value, adding carbohydrase solution, performing enzymolysis, and filtering to obtain crude oil; squeezing the crude oil, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant to obtain camellia seed oil.
In the prior art, only the thermal effect of microwaves is utilized to vaporize water in cells, so that micro cracks can be generated on cell walls, partial dissolved intracellular micromolecules are dissolved out, in the process of rapid temperature rise, the uniform dispersity of components in a system can be improved by utilizing the heat resistance difference of sugar and protein, the activity of alkaline protease is kept, but a camellia seed water content change line diagram based on the condition of temperature change and a camellia seed water content change line diagram based on the condition of time change are not utilized, the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for drying camellia seeds are obtained, the water content under different temperature and time conditions can be obtained, the damage of grease in the drying process is reduced, the incomplete drying caused by the too low temperature or the too short time is avoided, the data for the release of camellia seed grease by the damage is not provided for the cell nucleus, the cell membrane and the cytoplasmic area in the cells, and the embryo pressing and steaming mode of the camellia seed can be optimized based on the provided data.
Therefore, the invention provides a camellia seed extraction process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem presented in the background art is solved.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
Firstly, preprocessing picked camellia seeds to obtain dryness of the camellia seeds;
Step two, based on the drying of camellia seeds, obtaining the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for camellia seed drying;
thirdly, pressing embryo and steaming based on the pretreated camellia seeds, and judging whether cell mechanisms in the camellia seeds are damaged or not;
In the third step, embryo pressing and steamed camellia seed cells are detected, wherein the camellia seed cells mainly comprise cell nuclei, cell membranes and cytoplasm, and the specific process is as follows:
C1, treating the size of cell nuclei in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the area of the cell nuclei of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed;
c2, treating cell membranes in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the areas of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cell membranes;
c3, treating cytoplasm in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the area of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cytoplasm;
c4, processing based on the areas of cell nuclei, cell membrane areas and cytoplasm areas in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells, respectively differencing the areas of the cell nuclei, cell membrane areas and cytoplasm areas corresponding to the pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells, and summing the differences to obtain a representative value of a judging cell mechanism;
In C4, the formula is used: obtaining a representative value W of a judging cell mechanism by W= (Q+P+K). Times.a cell nucleus area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, a cell membrane area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, a cytoplasmic area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, and a cell cytoplasm area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells;
Squeezing the embryo and the steamed camellia seeds to extract grease from the camellia seeds;
and fifthly, refining based on the extracted camellia seed oil to obtain refined camellia seed oil.
The invention is further illustrated: in C1, performing image conversion on the un-pressed embryo and the steamed camellia seed cell nucleus, obtaining cell nucleus images of different angles in the cell, summing up the areas of the cell nucleus images of different angles, taking the average value as the area of the cell nucleus image.
The invention is further illustrated: in C2, converting the cell membrane image into two images, tracing the two cell membrane images, respectively calculating the areas of the two cell membrane images, and summing the areas of the two cell membrane images to obtain the area of the cell membrane;
if there is an overlapped part in the two cell membrane images, calculating the area of the overlapped part in the two cell membrane images, summing the areas of the two cell membrane images, and then performing difference with the area of the overlapped part to obtain the area of the cell membrane.
The invention is further illustrated: in C3, tracing the edge of each cytoplasmic image in the cell, respectively obtaining the area of each cytoplasmic image and the distance between two adjacent cytoplasm under different angles, and processing to obtain the area of each cytoplasmic image in the cell and the distance between two adjacent cytoplasm;
the process of area processing each cytoplasmic image in the cell is as follows:
summing the image areas of each cytoplasm under different angles to obtain an average value, and taking the average value as the image area of each cytoplasm;
The distance between two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell is treated as follows:
And connecting the distances between a plurality of edge points of two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell to obtain the length of each edge point line segment, summing the lengths of each edge point line segment to obtain the average value as the distance between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell under the same angle, and summing the distances between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell under different angles to obtain the distance between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell.
The invention is further illustrated: comparing the representative value of the judged cell structure with a preset judging damage threshold value, wherein the comparison process is as follows:
If the representative value of the judging cell mechanism is larger than or equal to the judging damage threshold value, judging that the camellia seed cell structure is damaged;
if the representative value of the cell mechanism is smaller than the destruction judgment threshold value, the camellia seed cell structure is judged not to be destroyed.
The invention is further illustrated: in a first step, pre-treating picked camellia seeds comprises: cleaning, shelling and drying;
a1, cleaning picked camellia seeds, and removing empty shells;
a2, dehulling the cleaned camellia seeds to obtain camellia seed pulp;
a3, drying the shelled camellia seeds to obtain camellia seeds meeting the standard dryness.
The invention is further illustrated: in A1, detecting the cleaned camellia seeds, and judging whether the camellia seeds are shelled or not according with the standard, wherein the specific process is as follows:
a101, carrying out water precipitation treatment on a plurality of cleaned camellia seeds to respectively obtain the quantity of camellia seeds in the water bottom and the quantity of camellia seed shells on the water surface;
a102, carrying out difference between the number of camellia seed shells on the water surface and the number of camellia seeds in the water bottom, and taking the obtained difference as a camellia shell removal threshold value;
A103, comparing the camellia shell removing threshold with a preset threshold, wherein the specific comparison process is as follows:
If the camellia shelling threshold value is larger than the preset threshold value, judging that shelling does not accord with the standard;
and if the camellia shelling threshold value is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value, judging that the camellia shelling threshold value meets the standard.
The invention is further illustrated: in A3, detecting the humidity of the dried camellia seeds, wherein the specific process is as follows:
a301, performing image processing on a plurality of non-dried camellia seeds to obtain the moisture content of each non-dried camellia seed;
Carrying out image processing on each undried camellia seed, marking the moisture content image in each undried camellia seed as blue, calculating the image area of the whole camellia seed and the blue area in the camellia seed image, and comparing the blue area in the camellia seed image with the image area of the whole camellia seed to obtain the moisture content of each undried camellia seed;
A302, taking part of the dried camellia seeds as samples to obtain the moisture content of each camellia seed sample;
Carrying out image processing on each dried camellia seed, marking the water content image in each dried camellia seed as blue, calculating the image area of the whole camellia seed and the blue area in the camellia seed image, and comparing the blue area in the camellia seed image with the image area of the whole camellia seed to obtain the water content of each dried camellia seed;
a303, carrying out difference between the moisture content of each dried camellia seed and the moisture content of each un-dried camellia seed, obtaining a square difference value of the obtained difference value, marking the square difference value as a camellia seed judgment threshold value, and comparing the camellia seed judgment threshold value with a preset judgment threshold value, wherein the comparison process is as follows:
If the camellia seed judging threshold value is larger than or equal to the preset judging threshold value, judging that the dried camellia seeds are high in humidity, wherein the dryness of the camellia seeds does not meet the standard;
If the camellia seed judging threshold value is smaller than the preset judging threshold value, judging that the dried camellia seed is smaller in humidity, and the dryness of the camellia seed meets the standard.
The invention is further illustrated: in the second step, the temperature and time of each time of drying camellia seeds are recorded, and the specific process is as follows:
B1, establishing two X-Y axis coordinate systems, wherein one X axis represents the time for drying camellia seeds, the other X axis represents the temperature for drying camellia seeds, and the Y axis represents the moisture content of the camellia seeds in the drying process, so as to respectively obtain a camellia seed moisture content change line graph under the condition of temperature change and a camellia seed moisture content change line graph under the condition of time change;
and B2, obtaining the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for camellia seed drying based on the camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change and the camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of time change.
The invention is further illustrated: in the step B2, dividing a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change into a plurality of line segments to obtain absolute values of slopes of each line segment, and comparing absolute values of slope values of each line segment to obtain an initial temperature range section;
Based on the initial temperature range section, calculating absolute values of slopes of line segments between the moisture content of camellia seeds at different temperatures and the moisture content of camellia seeds at adjacent temperatures in the initial temperature range section, performing difference between the absolute values and 0, performing size comparison on the difference values, and taking the absolute value temperature of the slope corresponding to the minimum difference value as an optimal temperature value;
Based on the optimal temperature, acquiring the moisture content of camellia seeds in different time points, respectively making differences between the moisture content of the camellia seeds in different time points and the moisture content of the camellia seeds which are not dried to obtain a plurality of groups of difference values, arranging the difference values from large to small, and marking the time point corresponding to the larger difference value as the optimal time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. According to the invention, the dryness of the camellia seeds is obtained by preprocessing the picked camellia seeds, the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for drying the camellia seeds are obtained based on drying the camellia seeds, in the process of determining the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for drying the camellia seeds, the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for drying the camellia seeds are obtained based on a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change and a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of time change, the moisture contents under different temperature and time conditions can be obtained, the damage of grease in the drying process is reduced, the incomplete drying caused by too low temperature or too short time is avoided, and the drying efficiency of the camellia seeds is improved;
2. According to the invention, the cell nucleus, cell membrane and cytoplasmic area in the embryo pressed and steamed camellia seed cells are detected, the detection result is compared with the cell nucleus, cell membrane and cytoplasmic area in the non-embryo pressed and steamed camellia seed cells, whether the cell mechanism in the camellia seed is damaged or not is judged, data is provided for releasing camellia seed oil fat through the cell nucleus, cell membrane and cytoplasmic area in the cells, and the embryo pressing and steaming modes of the camellia seed can be optimized based on the provided data.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the camellia seed extraction process according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
Firstly, preprocessing picked camellia seeds to obtain dryness of the camellia seeds;
in a first step, pre-treating picked camellia seeds comprises: cleaning, shelling and drying;
a1, cleaning picked camellia seeds, and removing empty shells;
In A1, detecting the cleaned camellia seeds, and judging whether the camellia seeds are shelled or not according with the standard, wherein the specific process is as follows:
a101, carrying out water precipitation treatment on a plurality of cleaned camellia seeds to respectively obtain the quantity of camellia seeds in the water bottom and the quantity of camellia seed shells on the water surface;
a102, carrying out difference between the number of camellia seed shells on the water surface and the number of camellia seeds in the water bottom, and taking the obtained difference as a camellia shell removal threshold value;
A103, comparing the camellia shell removing threshold with a preset threshold, wherein the specific comparison process is as follows:
If the camellia shelling threshold value is larger than the preset threshold value, judging that shelling does not accord with the standard;
if the camellia shelling threshold value is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value, judging that the camellia shelling threshold value meets the standard;
a2, dehulling the cleaned camellia seeds to obtain camellia seed pulp;
A3, drying the shelled camellia seeds to obtain camellia seeds meeting the standard dryness;
In A3, detecting the humidity of the dried camellia seeds, wherein the specific process is as follows:
a301, performing image processing on a plurality of non-dried camellia seeds to obtain the moisture content of each non-dried camellia seed;
It should be further described that;
Carrying out image processing on each undried camellia seed, marking the moisture content image in each undried camellia seed as blue, calculating the image area of the whole camellia seed and the blue area in the camellia seed image, and comparing the blue area in the camellia seed image with the image area of the whole camellia seed to obtain the moisture content of each undried camellia seed;
A302, taking part of the dried camellia seeds as samples to obtain the moisture content of each camellia seed sample;
in a302, it is to be further explained that;
Carrying out image processing on each dried camellia seed, marking the water content image in each dried camellia seed as blue, calculating the image area of the whole camellia seed and the blue area in the camellia seed image, and comparing the blue area in the camellia seed image with the image area of the whole camellia seed to obtain the water content of each dried camellia seed;
a303, carrying out difference between the moisture content of each dried camellia seed and the moisture content of each un-dried camellia seed, obtaining a square difference value of the obtained difference value, marking the square difference value as a camellia seed judgment threshold value, and comparing the camellia seed judgment threshold value with a preset judgment threshold value, wherein the comparison process is as follows:
If the camellia seed judging threshold value is larger than or equal to the preset judging threshold value, judging that the dried camellia seeds are high in humidity, wherein the dryness of the camellia seeds does not meet the standard;
If the camellia seed judging threshold value is smaller than the preset judging threshold value, judging that the dried camellia seeds are smaller in humidity, and the dryness of the camellia seeds meets the standard;
Step two, based on the drying of camellia seeds, obtaining the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for camellia seed drying;
In the second step, the temperature and time of each time of drying camellia seeds are recorded, and the specific process is as follows:
B1, establishing two X-Y axis coordinate systems, wherein one X axis represents the time for drying camellia seeds, the other X axis represents the temperature for drying camellia seeds, and the Y axis represents the moisture content of the camellia seeds in the drying process, so as to respectively obtain a camellia seed moisture content change line graph under the condition of temperature change and a camellia seed moisture content change line graph under the condition of time change;
b2, obtaining the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for camellia seed drying based on a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change and a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of time change;
In the step B2, dividing a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change into a plurality of line segments to obtain absolute values of slopes of each line segment, and comparing absolute values of slope values of each line segment to obtain an initial temperature range section;
Based on the initial temperature range section, calculating absolute values of slopes of line segments between the moisture content of camellia seeds at different temperatures and the moisture content of camellia seeds at adjacent temperatures in the initial temperature range section, performing difference between the absolute values and 0, performing size comparison on the difference values, and taking the absolute value temperature of the slope corresponding to the minimum difference value as an optimal temperature value;
Based on the optimal temperature, acquiring the moisture content of camellia seeds in different time points, respectively differencing the moisture content of the camellia seeds in different time points and the moisture content of the camellia seeds which are not dried to obtain a plurality of groups of difference values, arranging the difference values from large to small, and recording the time point corresponding to the larger difference value as the optimal time;
Example 2
Thirdly, pressing embryo and steaming based on the pretreated camellia seeds, and judging whether cell mechanisms in the camellia seeds are damaged or not;
As shown in fig. 2, in the third step, the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells are detected, wherein the camellia seed cells mainly comprise nuclei, cell membranes and cytoplasm, and the specific process is as follows:
C1, treating the size of cell nuclei in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the area of the cell nuclei of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed;
In C1, performing image conversion on the un-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cell nucleus, and taking the average value as the area of the cell nucleus image by acquiring cell nucleus images of different angles in the cell, summing the areas of the cell nucleus images of different angles, and taking the average value as the area of the cell nucleus image;
c2, treating cell membranes in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the areas of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cell membranes;
In C2, converting the cell membrane image into two images, tracing the two cell membrane images, respectively calculating the areas of the two cell membrane images, and summing the areas of the two cell membrane images to obtain the area of the cell membrane;
In some examples, if there is an overlapping portion in the two cell membrane images, calculating the area of the overlapping portion in the two cell membrane images, summing the areas of the two cell membrane images, and then making a difference with the area of the overlapping portion to obtain the area of the cell membrane;
c3, treating cytoplasm in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the area of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cytoplasm;
In C3, tracing the edge of each cytoplasmic image in the cell, respectively obtaining the area of each cytoplasmic image and the distance between two adjacent cytoplasm under different angles, and processing to obtain the area of each cytoplasmic image in the cell and the distance between two adjacent cytoplasm;
the process of area processing each cytoplasmic image in the cell is as follows:
summing the image areas of each cytoplasm under different angles to obtain an average value, and taking the average value as the image area of each cytoplasm;
The distance between two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell is treated as follows:
Connecting a plurality of edge point distances of two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell to obtain the length of each edge point line segment, summing the lengths of each edge point line segment to obtain an average value as the distance between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell under the same angle, and summing the distances between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell under different angles to obtain the distance between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell;
And C4, processing based on the areas of cell nuclei, cell membrane areas and cytoplasm areas in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells, respectively differencing the areas of the cell nuclei, cell membrane areas and cytoplasm areas corresponding to the pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells, summing the differences, and taking the differences as representative values of a judging cell mechanism, wherein the formula is as follows: obtaining a representative value W of a judging cell mechanism by W= (Q+P+K). Times.a cell nucleus area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, a cell membrane area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, a cytoplasmic area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, and a cell cytoplasm area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells;
comparing the representative value of the judging cell mechanism with a preset judging damage threshold value, wherein the comparison process is as follows:
If the representative value of the judging cell mechanism is larger than or equal to the judging damage threshold value, judging that the camellia seed cell structure is damaged;
if the representative value of the cell mechanism is smaller than the damage judgment threshold value, judging that the camellia seed cell structure is not damaged;
Squeezing the embryo and the steamed camellia seeds to extract grease from the camellia seeds;
step five, refining based on the extracted camellia seed oil to obtain refined camellia seed oil;
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A camellia seed extraction process is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
Firstly, preprocessing picked camellia seeds to obtain dryness of the camellia seeds;
Step two, based on the drying of camellia seeds, obtaining the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for camellia seed drying;
thirdly, pressing embryo and steaming based on the pretreated camellia seeds, and judging whether cell mechanisms in the camellia seeds are damaged or not;
In the third step, embryo pressing and steamed camellia seed cells are detected, wherein the camellia seed cells mainly comprise cell nuclei, cell membranes and cytoplasm, and the specific process is as follows:
C1, treating the size of cell nuclei in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the area of the cell nuclei of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed;
c2, treating cell membranes in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the areas of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cell membranes;
c3, treating cytoplasm in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells to obtain the area of the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cytoplasm;
c4, processing based on the areas of cell nuclei, cell membrane areas and cytoplasm areas in the non-pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells, respectively differencing the areas of the cell nuclei, cell membrane areas and cytoplasm areas corresponding to the pressed embryo and steamed camellia seed cells, and summing the differences to obtain a representative value of a judging cell mechanism;
In C4, the formula is used: obtaining a representative value W of a judging cell mechanism by W= (Q+P+K). Times.a cell nucleus area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, a cell membrane area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, a cytoplasmic area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells, and a cell cytoplasm area difference corresponding to the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells in the embryo pressing and steaming camellia seed cells;
Squeezing the embryo and the steamed camellia seeds to extract grease from the camellia seeds;
and fifthly, refining based on the extracted camellia seed oil to obtain refined camellia seed oil.
2. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 1, wherein:
In C1, performing image conversion on the un-pressed embryo and the steamed camellia seed cell nucleus, obtaining cell nucleus images of different angles in the cell, summing up the areas of the cell nucleus images of different angles, taking the average value as the area of the cell nucleus image.
3. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 1, wherein:
In C2, converting the cell membrane image into two images, tracing the two cell membrane images, respectively calculating the areas of the two cell membrane images, and summing the areas of the two cell membrane images to obtain the area of the cell membrane;
if there is an overlapped part in the two cell membrane images, calculating the area of the overlapped part in the two cell membrane images, summing the areas of the two cell membrane images, and then performing difference with the area of the overlapped part to obtain the area of the cell membrane.
4. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 1, wherein: in C3, tracing the edge of each cytoplasmic image in the cell, respectively obtaining the area of each cytoplasmic image and the distance between two adjacent cytoplasm under different angles, and processing to obtain the area of each cytoplasmic image in the cell and the distance between two adjacent cytoplasm;
the process of area processing each cytoplasmic image in the cell is as follows:
summing the image areas of each cytoplasm under different angles to obtain an average value, and taking the average value as the image area of each cytoplasm;
The distance between two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell is treated as follows:
And connecting the distances between a plurality of edge points of two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell to obtain the length of each edge point line segment, summing the lengths of each edge point line segment to obtain the average value as the distance between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell under the same angle, and summing the distances between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell under different angles to obtain the distance between the two adjacent cytoplasm in the cell.
5. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 4, wherein: comparing the representative value of the judging cell mechanism with a preset judging damage threshold value, wherein the comparison process is as follows:
If the representative value of the judging cell mechanism is larger than or equal to the judging damage threshold value, judging that the camellia seed cell structure is damaged;
if the representative value of the cell mechanism is smaller than the destruction judgment threshold value, the camellia seed cell structure is judged not to be destroyed.
6. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 1, wherein: in a first step, pre-treating picked camellia seeds comprises: cleaning, shelling and drying;
a1, cleaning picked camellia seeds, and removing empty shells;
a2, dehulling the cleaned camellia seeds to obtain camellia seed pulp;
a3, drying the shelled camellia seeds to obtain camellia seeds meeting the standard dryness.
7. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 6, wherein: in A1, detecting the cleaned camellia seeds, and judging whether the camellia seeds are shelled or not according with the standard, wherein the specific process is as follows:
a101, carrying out water precipitation treatment on a plurality of cleaned camellia seeds to respectively obtain the quantity of camellia seeds in the water bottom and the quantity of camellia seed shells on the water surface;
a102, carrying out difference between the number of camellia seed shells on the water surface and the number of camellia seeds in the water bottom, and taking the obtained difference as a camellia shell removal threshold value;
A103, comparing the camellia shell removing threshold with a preset threshold, wherein the specific comparison process is as follows:
If the camellia shelling threshold value is larger than the preset threshold value, judging that shelling does not accord with the standard;
and if the camellia shelling threshold value is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value, judging that the camellia shelling threshold value meets the standard.
8. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 6, wherein: in A3, detecting the humidity of the dried camellia seeds, wherein the specific process is as follows:
a301, performing image processing on a plurality of non-dried camellia seeds to obtain the moisture content of each non-dried camellia seed;
Carrying out image processing on each undried camellia seed, marking the moisture content image in each undried camellia seed as blue, calculating the image area of the whole camellia seed and the blue area in the camellia seed image, and comparing the blue area in the camellia seed image with the image area of the whole camellia seed to obtain the moisture content of each undried camellia seed;
A302, taking part of the dried camellia seeds as samples to obtain the moisture content of each camellia seed sample;
Carrying out image processing on each dried camellia seed, marking the water content image in each dried camellia seed as blue, calculating the image area of the whole camellia seed and the blue area in the camellia seed image, and comparing the blue area in the camellia seed image with the image area of the whole camellia seed to obtain the water content of each dried camellia seed;
a303, carrying out difference between the moisture content of each dried camellia seed and the moisture content of each un-dried camellia seed, obtaining a square difference value of the obtained difference value, marking the square difference value as a camellia seed judgment threshold value, and comparing the camellia seed judgment threshold value with a preset judgment threshold value, wherein the comparison process is as follows:
If the camellia seed judging threshold value is larger than or equal to the preset judging threshold value, judging that the dried camellia seeds are high in humidity, wherein the dryness of the camellia seeds does not meet the standard;
If the camellia seed judging threshold value is smaller than the preset judging threshold value, judging that the dried camellia seed is smaller in humidity, and the dryness of the camellia seed meets the standard.
9. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the temperature and time of each time of drying camellia seeds are recorded, and the specific process is as follows:
B1, establishing two X-Y axis coordinate systems, wherein one X axis represents the time for drying camellia seeds, the other X axis represents the temperature for drying camellia seeds, and the Y axis represents the moisture content of the camellia seeds in the drying process, so as to respectively obtain a camellia seed moisture content change line graph under the condition of temperature change and a camellia seed moisture content change line graph under the condition of time change;
and B2, obtaining the optimal temperature and optimal time suitable for camellia seed drying based on the camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change and the camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of time change.
10. A camellia seed extraction process according to claim 9, wherein: in the step B2, dividing a camellia seed moisture content change line diagram under the condition of temperature change into a plurality of line segments to obtain absolute values of slopes of each line segment, and comparing absolute values of slope values of each line segment to obtain an initial temperature range section;
Based on the initial temperature range section, calculating absolute values of slopes of line segments between the moisture content of camellia seeds at different temperatures and the moisture content of camellia seeds at adjacent temperatures in the initial temperature range section, performing difference between the absolute values and 0, performing size comparison on the difference values, and taking the absolute value temperature of the slope corresponding to the minimum difference value as an optimal temperature value;
Based on the optimal temperature, acquiring the moisture content of camellia seeds in different time points, respectively making differences between the moisture content of the camellia seeds in different time points and the moisture content of the camellia seeds which are not dried to obtain a plurality of groups of difference values, arranging the difference values from large to small, and marking the time point corresponding to the larger difference value as the optimal time.
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