CN118160151A - Antenna unit, antenna and antenna feed system - Google Patents

Antenna unit, antenna and antenna feed system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118160151A
CN118160151A CN202180103714.3A CN202180103714A CN118160151A CN 118160151 A CN118160151 A CN 118160151A CN 202180103714 A CN202180103714 A CN 202180103714A CN 118160151 A CN118160151 A CN 118160151A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
horizontal
coupling
radiator
section
vertical
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Pending
Application number
CN202180103714.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
万振兴
杜子静
王晓东
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication of CN118160151A publication Critical patent/CN118160151A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the field of antennas, in particular to an antenna unit, an antenna and an antenna feed system, wherein the antenna unit comprises a reflecting element and two monopoles which are positioned on the same side of the reflecting element and serve as radiators, horizontal sections of the two monopoles are arranged in a crossing mode, and the two monopoles adopt coupling feed. Meanwhile, a coupling body is added near the monopoles, the coupling body comprises a pair of coupling structures, each coupling structure can be coupled with the horizontal section and the vertical section of one monopole respectively, the coupling structures extend in the same direction with the vertical section of the monopole, and the coupling structures extend in the opposite direction with the horizontal section of the monopole. The antenna unit can avoid the deterioration of patterns of other frequency bands, increase the isolation between systems, reduce the radiation field of the vertical section of the monopole by matching the coupling structure with the monopole, increase the radiation field of the horizontal section of the monopole, reduce the cross polarization of the monopole and improve the electrical performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.

Description

Antenna unit, antenna and antenna feed system Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna unit, an antenna, and an antenna feed system.
Background
With the development of wireless communication technology, the development of antenna elements as core components in antennas is favored. As shown in fig. 1 (a), the antenna array is formed by an array of a plurality of antenna units 10, and each antenna unit 10 further includes a radiator 11 (e.g., a high-frequency radiator 11a and a low-frequency radiator 11b in fig. 1 (a)) and a reflecting element 12. In the multi-band antenna, the antenna unit 10 in the antenna array includes a high-frequency unit 10a and a low-frequency unit 10b having different operating frequency bands.
In order to achieve miniaturization of the antenna, in the antenna 1, the high-frequency radiator 11a in the high-frequency unit 10a and the low-frequency radiator 11b in the low-frequency unit 10b are mounted on the same side of the reflecting element 12, and as is apparent from fig. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the number of the high-frequency radiators 11a is 8, and compactly arrayed on the first surface 12a of the reflecting element 12 in a 4-row 2-column manner. The low-frequency radiators 11b are 3 in number and compactly arrayed on the first surface 12a of the reflecting element 12 in a 3-row-1-column manner, and the high-frequency radiators 11a and the low-frequency radiators 11b are arranged alternately in a row-to-row manner.
Based on this, the antenna elements 10 of different operating frequency bands may interfere with each other when operating. For example, the high frequency unit 10a generates common mode resonance and differential mode resonance in the operating frequency band of the low frequency unit 10 b. On the one hand, common mode resonance causes the high frequency unit 10a to form a strong radiation field within the radiation field of the low frequency unit 10b, which is superimposed on the radiation field of the low frequency unit 10b, resulting in deterioration of the pattern of the low frequency unit 10 b. On the other hand, the differential mode resonance may cause a high reception energy to exist at the port of the high frequency unit 10a, so that isolation between antenna systems is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit, an antenna and an antenna feed system. The antenna unit adopts two monopoles which are arranged in a crossing way in the horizontal section as a radiator, and the two monopoles adopt coupling feed. And adding a coupling body near the monopoles, the coupling body comprising a pair of coupling structures, each coupling structure being capable of coupling with a horizontal segment and a vertical segment of one of the monopoles, respectively, wherein the coupling structures extend in the same direction as the vertical segment of the monopole, and the coupling structures extend in opposite directions from the horizontal segment of the monopole. The antenna unit in the application can prevent the high-frequency unit from generating resonance of two modes of a common mode and a differential mode in a low-frequency working frequency band when the high-frequency unit and the low-frequency unit coexist in the array, thereby avoiding the deterioration of the directional diagram of the low-frequency unit, avoiding stronger receiving energy at the port of the high-frequency unit and increasing the isolation between systems. In addition, the coupling structure is matched with the monopole so as to reduce the radiation field of the vertical section of the monopole, increase the radiation field of the horizontal section of the monopole, reduce the cross polarization of the vertical section and the horizontal section when the monopole works and improve the electrical performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.
A first aspect of the present application provides an antenna unit, specifically including a reflecting element, two radiators located on the same side of the reflecting element, and a coupling body coupled to each radiator, where each radiator is fed by coupling. Each radiator comprises a vertical section extending along the vertical direction and a horizontal section extending along the horizontal direction, one end of the vertical section is connected with one end of the horizontal section, and the horizontal sections of the two radiators are arranged in a crossing manner, wherein the vertical direction is intersected with the surface of the reflecting element, and the vertical direction is intersected with the horizontal direction. The coupling body comprises two coupling structures, each coupling structure comprises a horizontal coupling branch and a vertical coupling branch, one end of the horizontal coupling branch is connected with one end of the vertical coupling branch, the vertical coupling branch is coupled with the vertical section and extends in the same direction relative to the vertical section, the horizontal coupling branch is coupled with the horizontal section and extends reversely relative to the horizontal section, and the vertical coupling branch is electrically connected with the reflecting element.
The intersection of the vertical direction and the surface of the reflective element means that a straight line along which the vertical direction is capable of intersecting the surface of the reflective element, and an included angle between the straight line along which the vertical direction is capable of intersecting the surface of the reflective element is not particularly limited in the present application, and the intersection of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction means that the straight line along which the vertical direction is capable of intersecting the straight line along which the horizontal direction is capable of intersecting in a plane or is not parallel in a space.
That is, in the implementation mode of the application, the antenna unit adopts two monopoles with horizontal sections which are arranged in a crossing way as the radiator, and the two monopoles are fed in a coupling feed mode so as to decouple the low-frequency working frequency band of the antenna unit. The antenna unit is provided with the coupling body near the monopole, the coupling body comprises a pair of coupling structures, each coupling structure can be respectively coupled with the horizontal section and the vertical section of one monopole, the coupling structures extend in the same direction with the vertical section of the monopole, and the coupling structures extend in the opposite direction with the horizontal section of the monopole. Based on this, the radiation field of the vertical section of the monopole can be reduced, and the radiation field of the horizontal section of the monopole can be increased, thereby reducing the cross polarization of the monopole. The antenna unit may be a high frequency unit or a low frequency unit, and the present application is not limited in particular.
For example, the antenna unit includes a reflecting element, a coupling body, a first radiator and a second radiator having the same structure. The first radiator, the second radiator and the coupling body are distributed on the same side of the reflecting element. The first radiator and the second radiator are flat monopole, and the first radiator and the second radiator are fed in a coupling feed mode.
In some implementations, the first radiator is "bowed" in the plane in which it lies, and the second radiator is "bowed" in the plane in which it lies. The plane where the first radiator is located is a plane formed by the vertical direction and the first horizontal direction when the vertical direction and the first horizontal direction are in the same plane, and the plane where the second radiator is located is a plane formed by the vertical direction and the second horizontal direction when the vertical direction and the second horizontal direction are in the same plane. The first radiator includes a first vertical section laid out along a vertical direction, a first horizontal section laid out along a first horizontal direction, and a first transition section. One end of the first vertical section is connected with one end of the first horizontal section, and the other end of the first vertical section is connected with one end of the first transition section. The other end of the first transition section is used as a feed-in end of the first radiator.
In other implementations, the first radiator presents a "T" shape in the plane in which it lies. The second radiator presents a T shape in the plane where it is located. The first radiator includes a first vertical section laid out along a vertical direction, a first horizontal section laid out along a first horizontal direction, and a first transition section. One end of the first vertical section is connected with one end of the first horizontal section, and the other end of the first vertical section is connected with one end of the first transition section. The other end of the first transition section is used as a feed-in end of the first radiator. In addition, in order to balance the balance of the radiation field of the antenna unit, the first radiator further comprises a balance section which is extended reversely from one end of the first horizontal section relative to the first horizontal section.
It will be appreciated that the transition sections of the first radiator and the second radiator may be omitted, i.e. the other end of the first vertical section is the feed-in end of the first radiator, and the other end of the second vertical section is the feed-in end of the second radiator.
The first coupling structure includes first vertical coupling branches laid out along a vertical direction and first horizontal coupling branches along a first horizontal direction. The first vertical coupling branch extends in the same direction relative to the first vertical section and is coupled with the first vertical section, and the first horizontal coupling branch extends reversely relative to the first horizontal section and is coupled with the first horizontal section. Wherein, the same direction extension means that the tail end of the coupling branch and the tail end of the vertical section (or the horizontal section) face in the same direction, and the opposite direction extension means that the tail end of the coupling branch and the tail end of the vertical section (or the horizontal section) face in opposite directions. The tip refers to the end of the protruding part that protrudes into the surrounding environment, for example, the tip may be: the other end of the first horizontal section, the other end of the second horizontal section, the other end of the first vertical section, the other end of the second vertical section, and so on.
The second coupling structure includes second vertical coupling branches arranged along the vertical direction and second horizontal coupling branches arranged along the second horizontal direction. The second vertical coupling branch extends in the same direction relative to the second vertical section and is coupled with the second vertical section, and the second horizontal coupling branch extends reversely relative to the second horizontal section and is coupled with the second horizontal section.
According to the antenna unit, the radiator adopts the monopole with the coupling feed, and the antenna unit is decoupled in the low frequency band through the coupling feed, so that when the high frequency unit and the low frequency unit coexist in the array, the high frequency unit cannot generate resonance of a common mode and a differential mode in the low frequency working frequency band, further, the directional diagram of the low frequency unit is prevented from deteriorating, the port of the high frequency unit is prevented from having stronger receiving energy, and the isolation between systems is prevented from being increased. In addition, the coupling structure is matched with the monopole so as to reduce the radiation field of the vertical section of the monopole, increase the radiation field of the horizontal section of the monopole, reduce the cross polarization of the monopole and improve the electrical performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, horizontal segments of the two radiators are vertically crossed, a vertical direction is perpendicular to a horizontal direction, and the vertical direction is perpendicular to a surface of the reflecting element.
That is, in the implementation of the present application, the vertical direction is perpendicular to the first surface of the reflective element, the vertical direction and the first horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other, that is, the first horizontal direction is parallel to the first surface of the reflective element, and the vertical direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other, that is, the second horizontal direction is parallel to the first surface of the reflective element, and the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other. The first surface is a surface of the reflecting element facing the first radiator and the second radiator.
It is understood that the mutual verticality in the present application is not absolute verticality, the approximate verticality due to the machining error and the assembly error is also within the mutual verticality in the present application, the mutual parallelism is not absolute parallelism, and the approximate parallelism due to the machining error and the assembly error is within the mutual parallelism in the present application. The present application is not particularly limited thereto, and a description thereof will not be repeated.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, a horizontal coupling branch of a coupling structure is coupled to a first section of a horizontal section of a radiator, where the first section is a portion of the horizontal section of the radiator between one end of the horizontal section and an intersection point. The horizontal coupling branch of the other coupling structure is coupled with a second section of the horizontal section of the other radiator, wherein the second section is a part of the horizontal section of the one radiator, which is positioned between one end of the horizontal section and the intersection point. The intersection point refers to an intersection point where horizontal sections of two radiators mutually intersect.
For example, the location where the first horizontal segment of the first radiator intersects the second horizontal segment of the second radiator is the intersection point. The first horizontal coupling branch in the first coupling structure is coupled with a portion between one end of the first horizontal segment and the intersection point on the first horizontal segment. The second horizontal coupling branch in the second coupling structure is coupled with a portion between one end of the second horizontal segment on the second horizontal segment and the intersection point.
In the coupling body in the antenna unit, the first vertical coupling branch in the first coupling structure is coupled with the first vertical section, and the first vertical section is connected with one end of the first horizontal section. In order to facilitate the connection between the first vertical coupling branch and the first horizontal coupling branch, the design difficulty of the first coupling structure and the assembly difficulty of the first coupling structure are reduced, so that the first horizontal coupling branch in the first coupling structure is arranged at a position close to one end of the first horizontal section. Similarly, the second horizontal coupling branch in the second coupling structure is arranged at a position close to one end of the second horizontal section.
In conclusion, the coupling body in the antenna unit reduces the overall space layout difficulty, reduces the structural design difficulty of the coupling body, and simultaneously reduces the assembly difficulty of the coupling body.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, horizontal segments of two radiators intersect to form 4 quadrants, and horizontal coupling branches in two coupling structures are in the same quadrant.
For example, a first horizontal segment of a first radiator and a second horizontal segment of a second radiator are formed into a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant, and a fourth quadrant around an intersection. Wherein the first quadrant is a region formed between a first horizontal segment on the same side of the intersection as the first vertical segment and a second horizontal segment on the same side of the intersection as the second vertical segment, i.e., a region formed between the first segment of the first horizontal segment and the second segment of the second horizontal segment. The third quadrant is an area opposite to the first quadrant. A quadrant formed between the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant. It is understood that the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant refer to 4 spaces formed by extending the intersection shape of the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment along the vertical direction.
That is, in an implementation of the present application, the first horizontal coupling leg of the first coupling structure and the second horizontal coupling leg of the second coupling structure are located within the first quadrant. The coupling body in the antenna unit has a simple structure and is convenient to install.
In a possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the first vertical coupling leg of the first coupling structure and the second vertical coupling leg of the second coupling structure are also located in the first quadrant.
In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first horizontal coupling leg of the first coupling structure and the second horizontal coupling leg of the second coupling structure are located in the third quadrant.
In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first vertical coupling leg of the first coupling structure and the second vertical coupling leg of the second coupling structure are also located in the third quadrant.
It is understood that the foregoing implementation simply lists several arrangements of the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure that are relatively symmetrical, and that it is within the scope of the present application for those arrangements to be asymmetrical. For example, a first horizontal coupling leg of a first coupling structure is located in a first quadrant, a second horizontal coupling leg of a second coupling structure is located in a second quadrant, further for example, a first horizontal coupling leg of the first coupling structure is located in a fourth quadrant, a second horizontal coupling leg of the second coupling structure is located in the first quadrant, and so on. The application is described in detail herein.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, horizontal segments of two radiators intersect to form 4 quadrants, and horizontal coupling branches in two coupling structures are located in opposite quadrants.
For example, a first horizontal segment of a first radiator and a second horizontal segment of a second radiator are formed into a first quadrant, a second quadrant, a third quadrant, and a fourth quadrant around an intersection. Wherein the first quadrant is a region formed between a first horizontal segment on the same side of the intersection as the first vertical segment and a second horizontal segment on the same side of the intersection as the second vertical segment, i.e., a region formed between the first segment of the first horizontal segment and the second segment of the second horizontal segment. The third quadrant is an area opposite to the first quadrant. A quadrant formed between the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant. It is understood that the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant refer to 4 spaces formed by extending the intersection shape of the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment along the vertical direction.
That is, in an implementation of the present application, the first horizontal coupling leg of the first coupling structure is located in the fourth quadrant and the second horizontal coupling leg of the second coupling structure is located in the second quadrant. The coupling body in the antenna unit can further optimize the coupling of the first vertical coupling branch and the first vertical section and the coupling of the second vertical coupling branch and the second vertical section based on the arrangement positions of the first horizontal coupling branch and the second horizontal coupling branch.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, in each radiator, the other end of the vertical section is a feed end of the radiator. Or each radiator also comprises a transition section, one end of the transition section is connected with the vertical section, and in each radiator, the other end of the transition section is a feed-in end of the radiator. The feed-in end of the radiator in the antenna unit is not particularly limited.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, the vertical section in each radiator includes a first sub-vertical section, a second sub-vertical section, and a sub-horizontal section coupled with the horizontal section, which are distributed in a staggered manner. One end of the first sub-vertical section is connected with one end of the horizontal section, the other end of the first sub-vertical section is connected with one end of the sub-horizontal section, and the other end of the sub-horizontal section is connected with one end of the second sub-vertical section.
For example, the first vertical section in the first radiator comprises a first sub-vertical section and a second sub-vertical section that are offset distributed, and a first sub-horizontal section coupled to the first horizontal section, and an orthographic projection of the first sub-horizontal section into the first surface of the reflective element falls into an orthographic projection of the first horizontal section into the first surface of the reflective element. One end of the first sub-vertical section is connected with one end of the first horizontal section, the other end of the first sub-vertical section is connected with one end of the first sub-horizontal section, the other end of the first sub-horizontal section is connected with one end of the second sub-vertical section, and the other end of the second sub-vertical section is connected with one end, opposite to the feed-in end, of the transition section.
The first horizontal segment and the first sub-horizontal segment in the first radiator are coupled to increase the flow path of the current from the feed-in end to one end of the first horizontal segment, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the operation of the first radiator. Similarly, the second horizontal segment and the second sub-horizontal segment in the second radiator are coupled to increase the flow path of the current from the feed end to one end of the second horizontal segment, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the second radiator.
Based on this, in the above antenna unit, the sub-horizontal section in the vertical end of the radiator can increase the bandwidth of the antenna operation, that is, the antenna using the antenna unit is a wideband antenna.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, the radiator further includes a balance section extending reversely from one end of the horizontal section with respect to the horizontal section. That is, the antenna using the antenna unit is a narrowband antenna.
In a possible implementation of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, two coupling structures are connected.
That is, in the implementation manner of the present application, the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure are directly connected, or the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure are coupled and connected, or the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure are connected through other structures, and the present application is not limited in particular.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure may not be connected.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, a length of each radiator ranges from 0.25 times to 0.75 times a wavelength of a highest carrier frequency, where a length of each radiator is a size that a feed end of the radiator extends to another end of a horizontal segment of the radiator.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, a length of the coupling structure ranges from 0.25 times to 0.5 times a wavelength of a highest carrier frequency, where a length of the coupling structure is a dimension of extending from another end of the vertical coupling branch to another end of the horizontal coupling branch in each coupling structure.
In a possible implementation of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, the antenna unit further includes a feeding strip electrically connected to the feeding network, and the feeding strip is electrically connected to the vertical section in a coupling manner.
In a possible implementation of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, the vertical coupling branch in the coupling structure is coupled to the reflective element or is in contact with the reflective element.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, the antenna unit further includes a metal pillar, where the metal pillar is configured to cancel radiation of the two radiators in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.
The metal column is located in a quadrant formed by the first radiator and the second radiator. For example, the metal posts are disposed on a surface of the second connection structure between the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure and extend toward the first horizontal section and the second horizontal section in the vertical direction. The metal column is coupled with the horizontal radiation field to form reverse suppression current, so that radiation in the horizontal directions of the first radiator and the second radiator can be counteracted.
It is understood that the metal posts may be capable of counteracting radiation in a horizontal direction, and the location and size of the metal posts are not particularly limited, and any implementation manner capable of achieving the foregoing functions is within the scope of the present application.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, a surface of the metal pillar facing the reflecting element is flush with a surface of the feed end of the radiator facing the reflecting element in a vertical direction, and a dimension of the metal pillar in the vertical direction is less than or equal to 0.25 times a wavelength of a highest carrier frequency.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, the antenna unit further includes a guide piece, where the guide piece is disposed on a side of the two radiators facing away from the reflective element. The guide piece in the antenna unit can improve current balance in the radiator, so that the directional pattern of the antenna unit is symmetrically converged.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, the guide piece is provided with through slots arranged in a crossed manner, and an extending direction of the through slots is 45 ° with a horizontal direction.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, a side of a horizontal section of a radiator facing away from a vertical section is provided with the first avoidance slot. The horizontal section of the other radiator is accommodated in the first avoidance groove on the horizontal section of the radiator. In the antenna unit, the two radiators are ingenious in structure and convenient to install.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the antenna unit, a side of the horizontal section of the other radiator facing the vertical section is provided with a second avoidance slot adapted to the first avoidance slot, and when the first avoidance slot on the horizontal section of the one radiator is buckled into the second avoidance slot on the horizontal section of the other radiator, surfaces of the back reflection elements of the horizontal sections of the two radiators are in the same plane. That is, in an embodiment of the present application, the surface of the first horizontal segment in the first radiator facing away from the reflective element is in the same plane as the surface of the second horizontal segment in the second radiator facing away from the reflective element. In the antenna unit, the two radiators are ingenious in structure and convenient to install.
A second aspect of the application provides an antenna comprising in particular at least one antenna element as in any of the first aspect of the application and possible implementations of the first aspect of the application, the at least one array of antenna elements being distributed.
A third aspect of the application provides an antenna feed system comprising in particular any one of the antennas of the second aspect of the application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 (a) shows a top view of an antenna array in some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 1 (b) shows a side view of an antenna array in some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of an antenna feed system according to some embodiments of the application;
Fig. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram showing the composition and structure of the antenna 1 according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the antenna element 10' in some embodiments of the application;
Fig. 4 (a) shows a top view of an antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application;
fig. 4 (b) shows a top view of the antenna element 10 in some embodiments of the application, with the structural features below the guide tab 700 shown in phantom;
Fig. 4 (c) shows a perspective view of the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application, wherein the guide tab 700 is moved up a distance;
fig. 4 (d) shows a side view of the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application;
Fig. 5 (a) shows a perspective view of a first radiator 100 in an antenna unit 10 according to some embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 5 (b) shows a perspective view of a first feeder strip line 500 in the antenna element 10 in some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 5 (c) is a perspective view showing the coupled electrical connection of the first radiator 100 and the first feed strip line 500 in the antenna element 10 in some embodiments of the application;
Fig. 5 (d) shows a perspective view of the first radiator 100a in the antenna unit 10 according to other embodiments of the present application;
fig. 6 illustrates a perspective view of a second radiator 200 in the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of a coupling body 400 in some embodiments of the application;
fig. 8 illustrates a top view of the assembled first radiator 100, second radiator 200, reflective element 300, and coupling body 400 in some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 9 illustrates a perspective view of a coupling body 400a in further embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 10 (a) shows a top view of the first radiator 100, the second radiator 200, the reflecting element 300, and the coupling body 400a after assembly in some embodiments of the application;
Fig. 10 (b) shows a top view of the first radiator 100, the second radiator 200, the reflecting element 300, and the coupling body 400a after assembly in some embodiments of the present application;
Fig. 10 (c) shows a side view of the first radiator 100, the second radiator 200, the reflecting element 300, and the coupling body 400a after the assembly is completed in some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 11 (a) shows a top view of an antenna array in some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 11 (b) shows a side view of an antenna array in some embodiments of the application;
fig. 11 (c) shows a schematic distribution diagram of the antenna unit 10 according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 12 shows a pattern of the low frequency unit 10b in the application scenario of fig. 11 (c);
Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of the isolation between the low frequency unit 10b and the high frequency unit 10a in the application scenario of fig. 11 (c).
Reference numerals illustrate:
10-antenna units;
10 a-a high frequency unit;
10 b-a low frequency unit;
11-a radiator;
11 a-a high-frequency radiator;
11 b-a low frequency radiator;
12-a reflective element;
a 10' -antenna unit;
11' -radiator;
A 12' -feed structure;
13' -high impedance section;
a 14' -low impedance section;
1-an antenna;
10-antenna units; 20-phase shifter; 30-a transmission network; 40-a calibration network; 50-a combiner; a 60-filter; 70-radome; 80-an antenna joint;
2-an antenna adjustment bracket; 3-an antenna holding pole; 4-joint seals; 5-grounding means; 6-feeder lines;
100-a first radiator; 101-a feed-in terminal; l 1 -first dashed line;
110-a first vertical section; 1101-one end of a first vertical section; 1102-the other end of the first vertical section;
111-a first sub-vertical section;
112-a second sub-vertical section;
113-a first sub-horizontal segment;
120-a first horizontal segment; 1201—one end of a first horizontal segment; 1202-the other end of the first horizontal segment;
121-a first clearance groove;
130-a first transition section; 131-transition horizontal segment; 132-transition sloped section; 133-a transitional vertical section;
200-a second radiator; 201-a feed-in terminal; l 2 -second dashed line;
210-a second vertical section; 2101-one end of a second vertical section; 2102-the other end of the second vertical section;
220-a second horizontal segment; 2201-one end of the second horizontal segment; 2202-the other end of the second horizontal segment;
221-a second clearance groove;
230-a second transition section;
300-a reflective element;
400-coupling body; l 3 -third dashed line;
410-a first coupling structure; 411-first vertical coupling branches; 412-a first horizontal coupling branch;
420-a second coupling structure; 421-second vertical coupling branches; 422-second horizontal coupling branches;
430-a first connection structure;
440-a second connection structure;
400 a-coupling body;
410 a-a first coupling structure; 411 a-a first vertical coupling branch; 412 a-a first horizontal coupling branch;
420 a-a second coupling structure; 421 a-a second vertical coupling branch; 422 a-second horizontal coupling branches;
440 a-a second connection structure;
500-a first feed strip line;
600-a second feed strip line;
700-guiding sheet;
800-metal columns.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The application provides an antenna feed system, which comprises an antenna and a feeder line. Fig. 2 (a) shows a schematic diagram of an antenna feed system in some embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 2 (a), the antenna feeder system specifically includes an antenna 1, an antenna adjusting bracket 2, an antenna mast 3, a joint seal 4, a grounding device 5, and a feeder 6. The antenna 1 is an indispensable part of wireless communication, and is mainly used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. The antenna 1 converts a high-frequency current into a radio wave when transmitting a signal, and the antenna 1 converts an electromagnetic wave into a high-frequency current when receiving a signal. The antenna 1 is mounted on the antenna mast 3 by an antenna adjusting bracket 2. The antenna mast 3 is also called an antenna bracket for fixing and supporting the antenna 1. Antenna mast 3 is capable of carrying a corresponding external load (e.g., wind load), and the type of antenna mast 3 is also different for different types of antennas 1. The antenna adjusting bracket 2 is used for adjusting the placement position and placement direction of the antenna 1, and the antenna adjusting bracket 2 is matched with the holding pole 3 to determine the placement position and placement direction of the antenna 1, so as to adjust the coverage area of the antenna 1. The joint sealing piece 4 is arranged at the interface of the antenna 1 and the feeder line 6, and the joint sealing piece 4 is arranged at the interface of the feeder line 6 and the base station equipment. The feeder 6 is used to transmit signals of the base station device into the circuitry of the antenna 1.
Fig. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram showing the composition and structure of the antenna 1 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 2 (b), the present application provides an antenna 1, where the antenna 1 includes a radome 70, and a plurality of antenna units 10, a phase shifter 20, a transmission network 30, a calibration network 40, a combiner 50, and a filter 60 which are arrayed in the radome 70. The antenna 1 further comprises an antenna connection 80, and the antenna connection 80 is connected to the combiner 50 and/or the filter 60 by a cable and is located outside the radome 70. The respective portions of the antenna 1 will be briefly described below.
The antenna unit 10 receives or transmits radio frequency signals through a feed network, the antenna unit 10 comprising a radiator 11 and a reflecting element 12. The radiator 11 is also called antenna element and oscillator. The radiator 11 is a unit constituting the basic structure of the antenna element for radiating or receiving radio waves. The reflecting element 12 is also called a chassis, an antenna panel, a metal reflecting surface. The reflecting element 12 is used to enhance the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal and to reflect and concentrate the antenna signal at the receiving point. The reflecting element 12 can not only enhance the receiving and transmitting capabilities of the antenna 1, but also block and shield other electromagnetic waves from the back (reverse direction) of the antenna 1 from receiving signals.
Wherein the feed network is typically formed by a controlled impedance transmission line. The feed network may be connected by a transmission network 30 to achieve different beam directives of radiation. Or the feed network is connected to the calibration network 40 to obtain the calibration signal required by the antenna system. It will be appreciated that the feed network may include modules (e.g., combiner 50, filter 60, etc.) that are capable of extending performance in addition to the phase shifter 20. The feed network is used for feeding the radio signals to the at least one radiator 11 with a certain amplitude, phase or for transmitting the received radio signals to the signal processing unit of the base station device with a certain amplitude, phase.
The phase shifter 20 is used to electrically adjust the pattern of the antenna 1. The phase shifter 20 realizes the electric adjustment of the directional diagram of the antenna 1 by changing the phase of the signal, thereby achieving the purpose of remote control adjustment of the network coverage area under different conditions.
The combiner 50 and the filter 60 are used to extend the performance of the feed network.
The radome 70 is a structural member for protecting the antenna 1 from the external environment. The radome 70 has not only good electromagnetic wave transmission characteristics in terms of electrical performance but also good mechanical performance, and is able to withstand the external severe environment.
The antenna connector 80 is used for receiving the signal input from the feeder line 6, transmitting the input signal to the combiner 50 and/or the filter 60, and outputting the required power and phase to the radiator 11 of the different antenna element via the phase shifter 20.
Modern communications place demands on antennas for miniaturization, which makes it necessary to arrange multiple antenna elements in a small space in the antenna design, and thus, the mutual coupling between the multiple antenna elements is serious. For example, in some application scenarios of the present application, the antenna unit in the multi-frequency antenna includes a high-frequency unit and a low-frequency unit, so that in order to arrange the antenna unit in a limited space, the high-frequency unit and the low-frequency unit are alternately and densely arranged on the surface of the reflecting element, so that the high-frequency unit and the low-frequency unit with different working frequency bands interfere with each other during working, thereby reducing the antenna performance.
In order to solve the above problems, on the one hand, the generation of common mode resonance of the high frequency unit can be suppressed by reducing the size of the high frequency unit in the antenna, thereby reducing the influence of the high frequency unit on the low frequency unit, but this causes an increase in the cost of the high frequency unit and an intersection of economic benefits. On the other hand, the isolation between the systems can be improved by adding a filter or a filtering network to the feed network of the high frequency unit in the antenna.
Fig. 3 illustrates an exploded view of the antenna element 10' in some embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 3, the present application provides an antenna unit 10', wherein the antenna unit 10' includes a radiator 11 'and two feed structures 12' with orthogonal polarizations. The radiator 11' is a dual polarized vibrator. The radiator 11 'has two sets of radiation arms (not shown) with orthogonal polarization directions, and two straight lines in which the polarization directions of the radiation arms are located extend along two diagonal lines of the surface of the radiator 11', respectively. The feed structures 12' are fixed to the radiator 11' and provide coupled feeding to the radiator 11', and two feed structures 12' are placed orthogonally, each feed structure 12' feeding a respective set of radiating arms.
The feed structure 12' includes an input terminal, an open circuit terminal, and a filter segment between the input terminal and the open circuit terminal. The filter band is formed with a plurality of high impedance sections 13 'and a plurality of low impedance sections 14' alternately arranged by dimensional change to form a stepped impedance transformation filter in the filter band. The feed structure 12' is a conductor and itself has an impedance. It will be appreciated that the longer the length, the smaller the width, and the greater the impedance, with the conductor material unchanged. Based on this, by forming projections or depressions in the filter segment, a plurality of regions of different impedances can be formed on the filter segment so that the impedance within the filter segment will be stepwise changed.
The feeding structure 12 'is a metal feeding column, and a plurality of disc structures which are arranged at intervals and coaxially are formed along the axial extension direction of the filtering band, and in the feeding process of the radiator 11', a plurality of high-impedance sections 13 'and a plurality of low-impedance sections 14' have impedance, inductance and capacitance, which are equivalent to series resistance in a conventional circuit, and inductance and capacitance which are connected in series and parallel, so that the filtering band is equivalent to a stepped impedance transformation filter. Moreover, by means of different dimensional changes, the impedance and the capacitance of the high-impedance section 13 'and the low-impedance section 14' can be adjusted, so that the filter band realizes low pass. When the characteristic impedance is high, the inductor can be equivalently a series inductor, and the parallel capacitor is small; when the characteristic impedance is very low, it can be equivalent to a parallel capacitor. I.e. the circuit has a filter characteristic. Through the filtering characteristic of the filtering band, the mutual interference of the radiators 11' of different working frequency bands can be effectively avoided, and the isolation between different systems is improved.
In the antenna unit 10', a plurality of high-impedance sections 13' and a plurality of low-impedance sections 14 'are alternately arranged by changing the size of the feed structure 12', so that a stepped impedance conversion filter is formed in the filter section, and thus, the suppression effect on the low-frequency signals is achieved. However, this way of adding a filtering network to the feed network may result in a larger signal loss in the antenna system, which reduces the actual effective utilization.
In order to solve the problem of large signal loss in an antenna system, the application provides an antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit can be a high-frequency unit. The antenna unit may also be a low frequency unit, and the present application is not particularly limited. The antenna unit adopts two monopoles (for example, a first radiator 100 and a second radiator 200) which are arranged in a crossing manner in horizontal sections as radiators, and the two monopoles are fed in a coupling feed mode so as to decouple the low-frequency working frequency band of the antenna unit. In addition, the antenna unit is provided with a coupling body near the monopole, the coupling body comprises a pair of coupling structures, each coupling structure can be coupled with the horizontal section and the vertical section of one monopole respectively, the coupling structures extend in the same direction with the vertical section of the monopole, and the coupling structures extend in the opposite direction with the horizontal section of the monopole.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4 (c), by reasonably adjusting the coupling area and the coupling distance between the coupling structure and the monopole, the current I 1 in the vertical section of the monopole can be opposite to the current I 1 'in the coupling structure adjacent to the vertical section, and the current I 2 in the horizontal section of the monopole is the same as the current I 2' in the coupling structure adjacent to the horizontal section. Wherein the current I 1 'and the current I 2' in the coupling structure are obtained by current coupling in the monopole.
In the antenna unit, the radiator adopts the monopole of the coupling feed, and decouples the antenna unit in the low frequency band through the coupling feed, so that when the high frequency unit and the low frequency unit coexist in the array, the high frequency unit cannot generate resonance of two modes of a common mode and a differential mode in the low frequency working frequency band, further, the directional diagram of the low frequency unit is prevented from deteriorating, the port of the high frequency unit is prevented from having stronger receiving energy, and the isolation between systems is prevented from being increased. In addition, the coupling structure is matched with the monopole so as to reduce the radiation field of the vertical section of the monopole, increase the radiation field of the horizontal section of the monopole, reduce the cross polarization of the monopole and improve the electrical performance of the multi-frequency array antenna.
The antenna unit 10 of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 4 (a) shows a top view of the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application. Fig. 4 (b) shows a top view of the antenna element 10 in some embodiments of the application, wherein the structural features directed underneath the patch 700 are shown in dashed lines. Fig. 4 (c) shows a perspective view of the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application, wherein the guide tab 700 is moved up a distance. Fig. 4 (d) shows a side view of the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application.
As can be seen from fig. 4 (a) to 4 (c), the antenna unit 10 includes a first radiator 100, a second radiator 200, a reflecting element 300, and a coupling body 400. The first radiator 100, the second radiator 200 and the coupling body 400 are distributed on the same side of the reflective element 300. For convenience of the following description, the surface of the reflective element 300 on which the first radiator 100, the second radiator 200, and the coupling body 400 are mounted will now be defined as a first surface, and it is understood that the mounting may be such that the first radiator 100, the second radiator 200, and the coupling body 400 are located above the reflective element 300 as shown in fig. 4 (d).
Before describing the assembly relationship between the respective components (the first radiator 100, the second radiator 200, the reflecting element 300, and the coupling body 400) in the foregoing antenna unit 10, specific structural features of the first radiator 100, the second radiator 200, the reflecting element 300, and the coupling body 400 will be described in detail.
As shown in fig. 4 (c), the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 are flat monopole, and the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 are fed by coupling feeding.
Fig. 5 (a) shows a perspective view of the first radiator 100 in the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 5 (a), the first radiator 100 has an "arch" shape in a plane where the first radiator 100 itself is located, where the plane where the first radiator 100 is located refers to a plane where the first radiator 100 is spread, for example, a plane formed by a vertical direction and a first horizontal direction together, where the vertical direction may be a direction indicated by a Z axis in fig. 4 (c), and the first horizontal direction may be a direction indicated by D1 in fig. 4 (c).
As can be seen in combination with fig. 4 (c) and 5 (a), the first radiator 100 includes a first vertical section 110 laid out along a vertical direction, a first horizontal section 120 laid out along a first horizontal direction, and a first transition section 130. Wherein one end 1101 of the first vertical section 110 meets one end 1201 of the first horizontal section 120 and the other end 1102 of the first vertical section 110 meets one end of the first transition section 130. The other end of the first transition section 130 serves as the feed-in end 101 of the first radiator 100. The vertical direction intersects the first surface of the reflective element 300, and the vertical direction intersects the first horizontal direction. One end 1101 of the first vertical section 110 is directed along a vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction in fig. 4 (c)) toward the other end 1102 of the first vertical section 110, and one end 1201 of the first horizontal section 120 is directed along a first horizontal direction (e.g., the D 1 direction in fig. 4 (c)) toward the other end 1202 of the first horizontal section 120.
In some implementations of the application, the vertical direction is perpendicular to the first surface of the reflective element 300, and the vertical direction and the first horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other, i.e., the first horizontal direction is parallel to the first surface of the reflective element 300. It is to be understood that the mutually perpendicular and the mutually parallel in the present application include approximately perpendicular and approximately parallel, and the present application is not particularly limited, and will not be repeatedly limited hereinafter.
With continued reference to fig. 5 (a), in some implementations of the application, the first vertical segment 110 includes first and second sub-vertical segments 111, 112 that are offset in distribution, and a first sub-horizontal segment 113 that is coupled to the first horizontal segment 120, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-horizontal segment 113 into the first surface of the reflective element 300 falls within the orthographic projection of the first horizontal segment 120 into the first surface of the reflective element 300.
One end of the first sub-vertical section 111 is connected to one end 1201 of the first horizontal section 120, the other end of the first sub-vertical section 111 is connected to one end of the first sub-horizontal section 113, the other end of the first sub-horizontal section 113 is connected to one end of the second sub-vertical section 112, and the other end of the second sub-vertical section 112 is connected to the end of the first transition section 130 opposite to the feeding end 101.
In some implementations of the application, the first transition section 130 includes a transition horizontal section 131, a transition inclined section 132, and a transition vertical section 133, with the orthographic projection of the transition horizontal section 131 within the first surface of the reflective element 300 coinciding with the orthographic projection of the first sub-horizontal section 113 within the first surface of the reflective element 300. One end of the transition horizontal segment 131 is connected to the other end of the second sub-vertical segment 112, the other end of the transition horizontal segment 131 is connected to one end of the transition inclined segment 132, the other end of the transition inclined segment 132 is connected to one end of the transition vertical segment 133, and the other end of the transition vertical segment 133 is the feed-in end 101.
In some implementations of the application, the front projection of the feed-in end 101 into the first surface of the reflective element 300 is outside the front projection of the first radiator 100 into the first surface of the reflective element 300.
It will be appreciated that in other alternative implementations of the application, the first radiator 100 includes a first vertical section 110 and a first horizontal section 120. One end of the first vertical section 110 is connected to one end of the first horizontal section 120, and the other end of the first vertical section 110 is the feeding end 101.
In some embodiments of the application, the length dimension of the first radiator 100 ranges from 0.25 to 0.75 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency. The length dimension of the first radiator 100 refers to a dimension of the first radiator 100 at P 1 at the feed end 101 of the first radiator 100 extending along the transition vertical section 133, the transition inclined section 132, the transition horizontal section 131, the second sub-vertical section 112, the first sub-horizontal section 113, the first sub-vertical section 111, and the first horizontal section 120 to P 2 at the other end 1202 of the first horizontal section 120, as a first dotted line l 1 in fig. 5 (a). Wherein each segment of the first imaginary line l 1 may be the center line of each of the foregoing portions.
In some implementations of the application, as shown in fig. 4 (c), the first surface of the reflective element 300 is rectangular, wherein the angle between the first horizontal direction along which the first horizontal segment 120 extends and one side of the rectangle is 45 °, i.e., the angle between D1 and one side of the rectangle is 45 °, and the angle between the second horizontal direction and one side of the rectangle is 45 °, i.e., the angle between D2 and one side of the rectangle is 45 °.
In some implementations of the application, as shown in fig. 4 (c), for the manner of coupling feeding of the first radiator 100, in some implementations of the application the antenna element 10 further includes a first feeding strip line 500. Wherein the first feed strip line 500 is electrically connected to the feed network and is electrically coupled to the first vertical section 110. For example, as shown in fig. 5 (b), the first feeding strip line 500 is formed with a first feeding hole 510 having a size larger than the feeding end 101 of the first radiator 100. As shown in fig. 5 (c), the feed end 101 of the first radiator 100 is inserted into the first feed hole 510 to achieve coupling feeding of the first radiator 100. It will be appreciated that the antenna unit 10 further includes a second feeding strip 600 for coupling feeding the second radiator 200, and since the principle of coupling feeding is the same as that of coupling feeding of the first radiator 100 by the first feeding strip 500, a description thereof will be omitted.
In other embodiments of the present application, the antenna unit 10 includes a first radiator 100a. Fig. 5 (d) shows a perspective view of the first radiator 100a in the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the present application. As can be seen from comparing fig. 5 (a) and fig. 5 (d), the first radiator 100a operates in the same principle as the first radiator 100, and the first radiator 100a and the first radiator 100 have substantially the same structure, and based on this, the differences between the first radiator 100a and the first radiator 100 will be described below.
As shown in fig. 5 (d), the first radiator 100a has a T shape in the plane in which it is located. As shown in fig. 5 (d), the first radiator 100a includes a first vertical section 110a laid out along a vertical direction, a first horizontal section 120a laid out along a first horizontal direction, and a first transition section 130a. Wherein one end 1101a of the first vertical section 110a is connected to one end 1201a of the first horizontal section 120a, and the other end 1102a of the first vertical section 110a is connected to one end of the first transition section 130a. The other end of the first transition section 130a serves as the feed-in end 101a of the first radiator 100 a. The vertical direction intersects the first surface of the reflective element 300a, and the vertical direction intersects the first horizontal direction. One end 1101a of the first vertical section 110a is directed toward the other end 1102a of the first vertical section 110a in a vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction in fig. 4 (c)), and one end 1201a of the first horizontal section 120a is directed toward the other end 1202a of the first horizontal section 120a in a first horizontal direction (e.g., the D 1 direction in fig. 4 (c)). The plane of the first radiator 100a is similar to the plane of the first radiator 100, and will not be described herein.
In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in fig. 5 (d), in order to equalize the radiation field of the antenna unit 10, the first radiator 100a further includes a balance section 140a extending reversely from one end 1201a of the first horizontal section 120a with respect to the first horizontal section 120 a.
In some embodiments, the length dimension of the first radiator 100a ranges from 0.25 to 0.75 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency. The length dimension of the first radiator 100a refers to a dimension of the first radiator 100a at P 1a at the feed-in end 101a of the first radiator 100a extending along the first transition section 130a, the first vertical section 110a, and the first horizontal section 120a to P 2a at the other end 1202a of the first horizontal section 120a, as shown by a first imaginary line l 1a in fig. 5 (d). Wherein each segment of the first imaginary line l 1a may be the center line of each of the foregoing portions.
After the structures of the first radiator 100 and the first radiator 100a are described, the description of the second radiator 200 will be continued. Fig. 6 illustrates a perspective view of a second radiator 200 in the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application. As can be readily seen in connection with fig. 4 (c), 5 (a) and 6, the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 are substantially identical in structure, and the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 are identical in operation principle, based on which the second radiator 200 will be briefly described below.
As shown in fig. 6, the second radiator 200 includes a second vertical section 210 laid out along a vertical direction, a second horizontal section 220 laid out along a second horizontal direction, and a second transition section 230, and the second horizontal direction intersects the first horizontal direction. Wherein the second horizontal direction may be the direction indicated by D2 in fig. 4 (c).
In some implementations of the application, one end 2101 of second vertical section 210 is oriented along a vertical direction (e.g., opposite the Z-axis in fig. 4 (c)) toward the other end 2102 of second vertical section 210, and one end 2201 of second horizontal section 220 is oriented along a second horizontal direction (e.g., direction D 2 in fig. 4 (c)) toward the other end 2202 of second horizontal section 220.
In some implementations of the application, the second horizontal direction is parallel to the first surface of the reflective element 300.
In some embodiments of the present application, the length dimension of the second radiator 200 is the same as the length dimension of the first radiator 100. The length dimension of the second radiator 200 refers to a dimension of the second radiator 200 extending from the P 3 at the feed end 201 to the P 4 at the other end of the second horizontal segment 220, as shown by a second dashed line l 2 in fig. 6.
In some embodiments of the present application, as can be seen from fig. 4 (c), the first horizontal section 120 in the first radiator 100 is disposed across the second horizontal section 220 in the second radiator 200.
In some implementations of the application, the angle between the first horizontal direction in which the first horizontal segment 120 extends and the second horizontal direction of the second horizontal segment 220 is 90 °.
As is apparent from fig. 4 (c), 5 (a) and 6, in the above-described antenna unit 10, the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 are different in placement positions of the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 and in structures at crossing positions of the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200.
In some embodiments of the present application, as can be seen in fig. 4 (c) and fig. 5 (a), a side of the first horizontal section 120 facing away from the first vertical section 110 is provided with a first avoidance slot 121. The second horizontal segment 220 of the second radiator 200 is placed in the first space-avoiding groove 121 on the first horizontal segment 120.
It will be appreciated that in alternative embodiments of the present application, the first horizontal section 120 of the first radiator 100 is open to a first clearance groove (not shown) on a side facing the first vertical section 110. The second horizontal segment 220 of the second radiator 200 is placed in the first space-avoiding groove on the first horizontal segment 120.
In some embodiments of the present application, as can be seen in fig. 4 (c), fig. 5 (a) and fig. 6 (a), a second avoidance groove 221 adapted to the first avoidance groove 121 is formed on a side of the second horizontal section 220 facing the second vertical section 210. When the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 are installed, the first space-avoiding groove 121 on the first horizontal section 120 is buckled into the second space-avoiding groove 221 on the second horizontal section 220.
In some implementations of the application, when the first relief groove 121 on the first horizontal segment 120 snaps into the second relief groove 221 on the second horizontal segment 220, the surface of the first horizontal segment 120 facing away from the reflective element 300 and the surface of the second horizontal segment 220 facing away from the reflective element 300 are in the same plane.
It is understood that the molding process of the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 may be at least one of die casting, sheet metal, and plating metal on the surface of the plastic material, which is not particularly limited. The first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 may be manufactured using a conventional non-magnetic metal material such as copper, aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, etc., and the present application is not particularly limited.
After describing the specific structures of the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 and the assembly relationship of the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200, the specific structure of the coupling body 400 and the assembly relationship of the coupling body 400 with the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 will be described in detail.
Fig. 7 illustrates a perspective view of a coupling body 400 in some embodiments of the application. As shown in fig. 7, the coupling body 400 includes a first coupling structure 410 and a second coupling structure 420. The first coupling structure 410 and the second coupling structure 420 may or may not be connected, and the connection manner of the first coupling structure 410 and the second coupling structure 420 may be that the first coupling structure 410 and the second coupling structure 420 are directly connected, or the first coupling structure 410 and the second coupling structure 420 are coupled and connected, or the first coupling structure 410 and the second coupling structure 420 are connected through other structures, which is not limited in particular.
Wherein the first coupling structure 410 includes first vertical coupling branches 411 laid out along a vertical direction and first horizontal coupling branches 412 laid out along a first horizontal direction. The first vertical coupling branch 411 extends in the same direction with respect to the first vertical section 110 and is coupled with the first vertical section 110, and the first horizontal coupling branch 412 extends in the opposite direction with respect to the first horizontal section 120 and is coupled with the first horizontal section 120. Wherein, the same direction extension means that the tail end of the coupling branch and the tail end of the vertical section (or the horizontal section) face in the same direction, and the opposite direction extension means that the tail end of the coupling branch and the tail end of the vertical section (or the horizontal section) face in opposite directions. The tip refers to the end of the protruding part that protrudes into the surrounding environment, for example, the tip may be: the other end 1202 of the first horizontal section 120, the other end 2202 of the second horizontal section 220, the other end 1102 of the first vertical section 110, the other end 2102 of the second vertical section 210, and so forth.
The second coupling structure 420 includes second vertical coupling branches 421 laid out along a vertical direction and second horizontal coupling branches 422 laid out along a second horizontal direction. The second vertical coupling branch 421 extends in the same direction with respect to the second vertical section 210 and is coupled with the second vertical section 210, and the second horizontal coupling branch 422 extends in the opposite direction with respect to the second horizontal section 220 and is coupled with the second horizontal section 220.
In some embodiments of the present application, the length dimension of the first coupling structure 410 (or the second coupling structure 420) ranges from 0.25 times to 0.5 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency. The length dimension of the first coupling structure 410 refers to a dimension that the end of the first vertical coupling leg 411 extends through the first vertical coupling leg 411 and the first horizontal coupling leg 412 to the end of the first horizontal coupling leg 412.
It will be appreciated that the mating relationship of the first coupling structure 410 and the first radiator 100 is limited to the coupling relationship between the first vertical coupling branch 411 and the first vertical section 110, whether the ends of the first vertical coupling branch 411 and the ends of the first vertical section 110 are oriented identically, and whether the coupling relationship between the first horizontal coupling branch 412 and the first horizontal section 120, the ends of the first horizontal coupling branch 412 and the ends of the first horizontal section 120 are oriented oppositely. That is, the specific structures of the first coupling structure 410 and the first radiator 100, and the relative positions of the parts in the structures are not particularly limited in the present application.
In addition, the present application has been described with respect to the relative positions of the first coupling structure 410, the second coupling structure 420, the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200, and the coupling distance between the respective components may be adjusted according to the required coupling strength between the respective components, such as the coupling area of the components.
For convenience of description of the relative positional relationship between the coupling body 400 and the first and second radiators 100 and 200, the intersection between the first and second horizontal segments 120 and 220 will now be defined as an intersection point, and four regions formed around the intersection point of the first and second horizontal segments 120 and 220 will be sequentially defined as a first quadrant a 1, a second quadrant a 2, a third quadrant a 3, and a fourth quadrant a 4. Wherein the first quadrant is the area formed between the first horizontal segment 120 on the same side of the intersection as the first vertical segment 110 and the second horizontal segment 220 on the same side of the intersection as the second vertical segment 210. The third quadrant a 3 is the region opposite the first quadrant a 1. A quadrant formed between the second quadrant a 2 and the fourth quadrant a 4.
A coupler 400 is described in detail below. As shown in fig. 7, the coupling body 400 includes first and second coupling structures 410 and 420 symmetrically disposed at 90 ° and a first connection structure 430. Wherein a side of the first vertical coupling leg 411 in the first coupling structure 410 and a side of the second vertical coupling leg 421 in the second coupling structure 420 are connected by the first connection structure 430.
In some implementations, for ease of installation, an installation space (e.g., the space above the first connection structure 430 in fig. 7) is provided between an end of the first vertical coupling leg 411 adjacent to the first horizontal coupling leg 412 and an end of the second vertical coupling leg 421 adjacent to the second horizontal coupling leg 422.
As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments of the present application, in order to improve the structural strength of the coupling body 400 and to improve the coupling strength between the coupling body 400 and the reflective element 300, the coupling body 400 further includes a second connection structure 440 parallel to the first surface of the reflective element 300, and thus the coupling body 400 is also referred to as a Y-shaped structure. Wherein the second connection structure 440 is connected to the first coupling structure 410, the second coupling structure 420, and the second connection structure 430, respectively. It is understood that the first connection structure 430 can also be coupled with the first vertical section 110 and the second vertical section 210, respectively, and the second connection structure 440 can be coupled with the reflective element 300.
Where the coupling body 400 includes the second connection structure 440, the length dimension of the first coupling structure 410 may refer to a dimension extending through the first vertical coupling branch 411 and the first horizontal coupling branch 412 to the end of the first horizontal coupling branch 412 at a center point opposite to the end of the first vertical coupling branch 411 in the second connection structure 440. Wherein the center point may be P 5 in fig. 7.
In some implementations of the application, the length dimension of the first coupling structure 410 (or the second coupling structure 420) ranges from 0.25 times to 0.5 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency. Wherein the length dimension of the first coupling structure 410 refers to a dimension at the end of the first vertical coupling branch 411 extending through the first vertical coupling branch 411 and the first horizontal coupling branch 412 to the end of the first horizontal coupling branch 412, and the length dimension of the second coupling structure 420 refers to a dimension at the end P 5 of the second vertical coupling branch 421 extending through the second vertical coupling branch 421 and the second horizontal coupling branch 422 to the end P 6 of the second horizontal coupling branch 422, as a third dotted line l 3 in fig. 7.
In some embodiments of the present application, the antenna unit 10 further includes a guide tab 700. The guide sheet 700 is disposed at one side of the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 facing away from the reflective element 300, and a first through groove and a second through groove are disposed on the guide sheet 700 in a crossing manner, wherein an extending direction of the first through groove is located between the second direction and the third direction, and an extending direction of the second through groove is located between a reverse direction of the second direction and a reverse direction of the third direction. The guide sheet 700 in the above-described antenna unit 10 can improve the current balance in the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200 so that the directivity pattern is symmetrically converged.
In some implementations of the application, the guide tab 700 is a metallic material.
To further increase the coupling strength with the first and second vertical sections 110, 210 to further reduce the radiation strength of the first and second vertical sections 110, 210, the antenna unit 10 further includes a metal post 800 in some embodiments of the present application. In some implementations of the application, the dimension of the metal pillar 800 in the vertical direction is less than or equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency. The suppression portion in the antenna unit 10 suppresses current radiation in the vertical direction, reduces radiation in the horizontal direction, and further reduces cross polarization of the monopole.
To further increase the coupling strength with the first and second vertical sections 110 and 210 to further reduce the radiation strength of the first and second vertical sections 110 and 210, the antenna unit 10 further includes a metal post 800 extending in a vertical direction in some embodiments of the present application. Wherein the metal column 800 is located in a quadrant formed by the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200. For example, the metal posts 800 are disposed on the surface of the second connection structure 430 and extend toward the first and second horizontal sections 120 and 220 in the vertical direction. The metal pillar 800 is coupled with the horizontal radiation field to form a reverse suppression current capable of canceling radiation in the horizontal direction of the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200. It is understood that the metal column 800 may be capable of counteracting radiation in a horizontal direction, and the location and size of the metal column 800 are not particularly limited, and any implementation manner capable of achieving the foregoing function is within the scope of the present application.
In some implementations of the application, the metal posts 800 are metal.
In some implementations of the application, the bottom surface of the metal pillar 800 is flush with the bottom surfaces of the first and second radiators 100 and 200 in the vertical direction, and the dimension of the metal pillar 800 in the vertical direction is less than or equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency.
In some implementations of the application, the horizontal coupling branch 412 of the first coupling structure 410 is coupled to a first section of the first horizontal section 120 of the first radiator 100, where the first section is a portion of the first horizontal section 120 of the first radiator 100 between one end 1201 of the first horizontal section 120 and the intersection point. The second horizontal coupling leg 422 of the second coupling structure 420 is coupled to a second section of the second horizontal section 220 of the second radiator 200, wherein the second section is a portion of the second horizontal section 220 of the second radiator 200 located between one end 2201 of the second horizontal section 220 and the intersection point.
Fig. 8 illustrates a top view of the assembled first radiator 100, second radiator 200, reflective element 300, and coupling body 400 in some embodiments of the application.
As shown in fig. 8, the coupling body 400 is distributed in three quadrants of the first quadrant a 1, the second quadrant a 2, and the fourth quadrant a 4. The first coupling structure 410 is located in the fourth quadrant a 4 and the second coupling structure 420 is located in the second quadrant a 2. The first connection structure 430 extends from the bottom of the first horizontal segment 120 and the second horizontal segment 220 from the second quadrant a 2 to the fourth quadrant a 4. The second connection structures 440 are distributed in the first quadrant a 1, the second quadrant a 2, and the fourth quadrant a 4.
In some implementations, the horizontal coupling leg 412 of the first coupling structure 410 is in the fourth quadrant a 4 and the second horizontal coupling leg 422 of the second coupling structure 420 is located within the second quadrant a 2. The coupling body in the above antenna unit can further optimize the coupling of the first vertical coupling branch 411 with the first vertical section 110 and the coupling of the second vertical coupling branch 421 with the second vertical section 210 based on the arrangement positions of the first horizontal coupling branch 412 and the second horizontal coupling branch 422.
The coupling body 400 is electrically connected with the reflective element 300. The coupling body 400 and the reflective element 300 may or may not be connected, and the coupling body 400 and the reflective element 300 may be directly connected to each other, or the coupling body 400 and the reflective element 300 may be coupled to each other, which is not particularly limited in the present application.
In some implementations, the first horizontal coupling leg 412 of the first coupling structure 410 and the second horizontal coupling leg 422 of the second coupling structure 420 are located within the first quadrant a 1. The coupling body in the antenna unit has a simple structure and is convenient to install.
In some implementations, the first vertical coupling leg 411 of the first coupling structure 410 and the second vertical coupling leg 421 of the second coupling structure 420 are also located within the first quadrant a 1.
In some implementations, the first horizontal coupling leg 412 of the first coupling structure 410 and the second horizontal coupling leg 422 of the second coupling structure 420 are located within the third quadrant a 3.
In some implementations, the first vertical coupling leg 411 of the first coupling structure 410 and the second vertical coupling leg 421 of the second coupling structure 420 are also located within the third quadrant a 3.
It is understood that the foregoing implementation simply lists several arrangements of the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure that are relatively symmetrical, and that it is within the scope of the present application for those arrangements to be asymmetrical. For example, a first horizontal coupling leg of a first coupling structure is located in a first quadrant, a second horizontal coupling leg of a second coupling structure is located in a second quadrant, further for example, a first horizontal coupling leg of the first coupling structure is located in a fourth quadrant, a second horizontal coupling leg of the second coupling structure is located in the first quadrant, and so on. The application is described in detail herein.
Another coupling body 400a is described in detail below. As shown in fig. 9, the coupling body 400 is different from the coupling body 400 of fig. 8 in that the coupling body 400a includes a first coupling structure 410a and a second coupling structure 420a symmetrically disposed at 90 ° and a second connection structure 440a. Wherein the bottom of the first vertical coupling branch 411a of the first coupling structure 410a and the bottom of the second vertical coupling branch 421a of the second coupling structure 420a are connected by the second connection structure 440a, and the second connection structure 440a is capable of coupling with the reflective element 300.
In some implementations of the application, the length dimension of the first coupling structure 410a (or the second coupling structure 420 a) ranges from 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency. Wherein the length dimension of the first coupling structure 410a refers to a dimension at the end of the first vertical coupling leg 411a extending through the first vertical coupling leg 411a and the first horizontal coupling leg 412a to the end of the first horizontal coupling leg 412a, and the length dimension of the second coupling structure 420 refers to a dimension at the end P 5a of the second vertical coupling leg 421a extending through the second vertical coupling leg 421a and the second horizontal coupling leg 422 to the end P 6a of the second horizontal coupling leg 422a, as shown by the third dotted line l 3a in fig. 9.
Fig. 10 (a) shows a top view of the assembled first radiator 100a, second radiator 200a, reflecting element 300, and coupling body 400a according to some embodiments of the present application. The second radiator 200a is similar to the first radiator 100a in structure, and will not be described herein. Fig. 10 (b) shows a perspective view of the first radiator 100a, the second radiator 200a, the reflecting element 300, and the coupling body 400a after assembly is completed in some embodiments of the present application. Fig. 10 (c) shows a side view of the first radiator 100a, the second radiator 200a, the reflecting element 300, and the coupling body 400a after assembly is completed in some embodiments of the application.
As can be seen from fig. 10 (a) to fig. 10 (c), the coupling bodies 400a are distributed in the first quadrant a 1. That is, the coupling body 400a is distributed in one of the included angles formed by the first radiator 100a and the second radiator 200 a.
The application also provides an antenna array, which comprises at least one group of antenna units 10, and the antenna units 10 are distributed in an array mode.
As for the arrangement of the radiators (the first radiator 100 and the second radiator 200) in the antenna unit 10 on the reflecting element 300, on the one hand, in order to ensure the directivity of the antenna 1, it is known in connection with fig. 11 (a) and 11 (b) that the radiators in the antenna unit 10 are mounted on the same side of the reflecting element 300. For example, the reflecting element 300 has a flat plate structure, and the radiator may be mounted on the upper surface of the reflecting element 300, and for example, the radiator may also be mounted on the lower surface of the reflecting element 300. On the other hand, in order to achieve miniaturization of the antenna 1, the radiators are densely arrayed on the same surface of the reflecting element 300.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 11 (b), due to the different height dimensions of the high-frequency unit 10a and the low-frequency unit 10b, the high-frequency radiator 11a in the high-frequency unit 10a and the low-frequency radiator 11b in the low-frequency unit 10b are arranged on the same surface of the reflective element 300 in a staggered and alternate manner, so as to improve the density. The interleaving refers to alternating and distributing the rows of the high-frequency radiators 11a in the high-frequency unit 10a and the rows of the low-frequency radiators 11b in the low-frequency unit 10b in sequence, and the staggered distribution refers to orthographic projection of the low-frequency radiators 11b in the low-frequency unit 10b in one surface of the reflective element 300, and orthographic projection of the high-frequency radiators 11a in the high-frequency unit 10a at least partially falling into the periphery of the low-frequency unit 10b in one surface of the reflective element 300 (as shown in fig. 11 (a)). The height dimension refers to the dimension of the radiator in the direction normal to the surface of the reflective element 300 (e.g., the dimension of the radiator along the Z-axis in fig. 2 (b) and 11 (b)).
It will be appreciated that the dense array of high frequency units 10a and low frequency units 10b shown in fig. 11 (a) and 11 (b) is only some examples of the present application, and any array that can closely array the radiator 11 is within the scope of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the specific array of the radiator 11.
Fig. 11 (c) shows a schematic distribution diagram of the antenna unit 10 in some embodiments of the application. In some dense array scenarios of the present application, the antenna element 10 includes high frequency elements 10a distributed in an array, and low frequency elements 10b superimposed on the high frequency elements 10 a. As shown in fig. 11 (c), and the orthographic projection of the radiator 11b in the low frequency unit 10b on the reflecting element 300 falls at least partially into the orthographic projections of the radiators 11a in the 4 high frequency units 10a on the reflecting element 300.
Fig. 12 shows a pattern of the low frequency unit 10b in the application scenario of fig. 11 (c). Wherein the abscissa represents azimuth angle in degrees and the ordinate represents gain value (or amplitude value) in dB. As shown in fig. 12, in the dense array scenario shown in fig. 11 (c), the low frequency unit 10b is not affected by the high frequency unit 10a by decoupling the high frequency unit 10a in the low frequency band, and the main lobe of the pattern of the low frequency unit 10b is smooth, and no significant gain drop occurs. The directivity of the antenna means that the antenna has different radiation or receiving capability to different directions in space, and the main lobe of the directional diagram of the low-frequency unit 10b is smooth to represent that the radiation field of the low-frequency unit 10b is not obviously affected by the radiation field of the high-frequency unit 10 a. In addition, the higher the gain of the radiation unit of the antenna under the same condition, the longer the distance of electromagnetic wave propagation, that is, the better the performance of the antenna.
Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of the isolation between the low frequency unit 10b and the high frequency unit 10a in the application scenario of fig. 11 (c). Where the abscissa represents frequency in GHz and the ordinate represents isolation between the low frequency unit 10b and the high frequency unit 10a in dB. As shown in fig. 13, the isolation between the high frequency unit 10a and the low frequency unit 10b is-22 dB or less, that is, the isolation between systems is good.
The application also provides an antenna which comprises any one of the antenna arrays.
The application also provides an antenna feed system, which comprises any one of the antennas.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
The foregoing describes embodiments of the present application in terms of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. While the description of the application will be presented in connection with certain embodiments, it is not intended to limit the features of this application to only this embodiment. Rather, the purpose of the present application is to cover other alternatives or modifications, which may be extended by the claims based on the application. The above description will contain numerous specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The application may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, some specific details are omitted from the description in order to avoid obscuring the application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that in this specification, like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the above figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; may be a mechanical connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that "electrically connected" in the present application may be understood that components are in physical contact and electrically conductive; it is also understood that the various components in the circuit configuration are connected by physical lines, such as printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) copper foil or wires, that transmit electrical signals. "coupled by …" is understood to mean electrically isolated by indirect coupling. An indirect coupling is understood to be a contactless coupling, wherein the coupling phenomenon, as understood by a person skilled in the art, means a phenomenon in which there is a close fit and interaction between the input and output of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks and energy is transferred from one side to the other by the interaction. For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Claims (21)

  1. An antenna unit, comprising a reflecting element, two radiators positioned on the same side of the reflecting element, and a coupling body respectively coupled with each radiator, wherein each radiator is fed through coupling;
    Each radiator comprises a vertical section extending along a vertical direction and a horizontal section extending along a horizontal direction, one end of the vertical section is connected with one end of the horizontal section, the horizontal sections of the two radiators are arranged in a crossing way, wherein the vertical direction is intersected with the surface of the reflecting element, and the vertical direction is intersected with the horizontal direction;
    the coupling body comprises two coupling structures, each coupling structure comprises a horizontal coupling branch and a vertical coupling branch, one end of the horizontal coupling branch is connected with one end of the vertical coupling branch, the vertical coupling branch is coupled with the vertical section and extends in the same direction relative to the vertical section, the horizontal coupling branch is coupled with the horizontal section and extends reversely relative to the horizontal section, and the vertical coupling branch is electrically connected with the reflecting element.
  2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal sections of two of the radiators are arranged perpendicularly crosswise, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are perpendicular, and the vertical direction is perpendicular to the surface of the reflecting element.
  3. An antenna unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that,
    The horizontal coupling branch of the coupling structure is coupled with a first section of the horizontal section of the radiator, wherein the first section is a part of the horizontal section of the radiator, which is positioned between one end of the horizontal section and an intersection point;
    The horizontal coupling branch of the other of the coupling structures is coupled with a second section of the horizontal section of the other of the radiators, wherein the second section is a portion of the horizontal section of one of the radiators between one end of the horizontal section and an intersection point.
  4. An antenna unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the horizontal segments of two of the radiators intersect to form 4 quadrants, the horizontal coupling branches of two of the coupling structures being in the same quadrant.
  5. An antenna unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the horizontal segments of two of the radiators intersect to form 4 quadrants, the horizontal coupling branches in two of the coupling structures being in opposite quadrants.
  6. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein,
    In each radiator, the other end of the vertical section is a feed-in end of the radiator; or alternatively
    Each radiator further comprises a transition section, one end of each transition section is connected with the vertical section, and in each radiator, the other end of each transition section is a feed-in end of the radiator.
  7. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that,
    The vertical section in each radiator comprises a first sub-vertical section, a second sub-vertical section and a sub-horizontal section, wherein the first sub-vertical section, the second sub-vertical section and the sub-horizontal section are distributed in a staggered mode, and the sub-horizontal section is coupled with the horizontal section;
    One end of the first sub-vertical section is connected with one end of the horizontal section, the other end of the first sub-vertical section is connected with one end of the sub-horizontal section, and the other end of the sub-horizontal section is connected with one end of the second sub-vertical section.
  8. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the radiator further comprises a balanced section extending reversely from the one end of the horizontal section with respect to the horizontal section.
  9. The antenna element of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein two of said coupling structures meet.
  10. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that,
    The length of each radiator ranges from 0.25 times to 0.75 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency, wherein the length of each radiator is the size of the feed-in end of the radiator extending to the other end of the horizontal section of the radiator.
  11. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the length of the coupling structures ranges from 0.25 to 0.5 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency, wherein the length of the coupling structures is the dimension of each coupling structure where the other end of the vertical coupling branch extends to the other end of the horizontal coupling branch.
  12. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising a feed strip electrically connected to a feed network, the feed strip being electrically connected to the vertical section coupling.
  13. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the vertical coupling branches in the coupling structure are in coupling electrical connection or contact electrical connection with the reflecting element.
  14. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising a metal post for canceling radiation of both of the radiators in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction.
  15. The antenna unit according to claim 14, characterized in that in the vertical direction the surface of the metal post facing the reflecting element is flush with the surface of the feed end of the radiator facing the reflecting element, and the dimension of the metal post in the vertical direction is less than or equal to 0.25 times the wavelength of the highest carrier frequency.
  16. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising a guide tab provided on a side of both of the radiators facing away from the reflective element.
  17. The antenna unit according to claim 16, characterized in that the guide piece is provided with cross-arranged through slots, the extending direction of which is 45 ° to the horizontal direction.
  18. The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that,
    One side of the horizontal section of the radiator, which is opposite to the vertical section, is provided with a first avoidance groove;
    The horizontal section of the other radiator is accommodated in the first avoidance groove on the horizontal section of one radiator.
  19. The antenna element of claim 18, wherein,
    A second avoidance groove matched with the first avoidance groove is formed on one side of the horizontal section of the other radiator facing the vertical section,
    When the first avoidance groove on the horizontal section in one radiator is buckled into the second avoidance groove on the horizontal section in the other radiator, the surfaces of the horizontal sections in the two radiators, which are opposite to the reflecting element, are positioned in the same plane.
  20. An antenna comprising at least one antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 19, said at least one array of antenna elements being distributed.
  21. An antenna feed system comprising the antenna of claim 20.
CN202180103714.3A 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Antenna unit, antenna and antenna feed system Pending CN118160151A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/CN2021/132496 WO2023092294A1 (en) 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Antenna unit, antenna, and antenna feeder system

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US20130285857A1 (en) * 2011-10-26 2013-10-31 John Colin Schultz Antenna arrangement
KR102172187B1 (en) * 2014-08-22 2020-10-30 주식회사 케이엠더블유 Omni-directional antenna for mobile communication service
CN109494463A (en) * 2018-11-09 2019-03-19 榆林学院 A kind of high-isolation mimo antenna of complementation semicircular structure
CN112490666B (en) * 2020-11-20 2024-03-29 榆林市保昌科技有限公司 Two-unit folding short-circuit monopole MIMO antenna with broadband loaded with round patch
CN112563741B (en) * 2020-12-01 2022-03-08 东南大学 Dual-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full frequency band and dual-antenna system

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