CN112563741B - Dual-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full frequency band and dual-antenna system - Google Patents
Dual-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full frequency band and dual-antenna system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112563741B CN112563741B CN202011386338.7A CN202011386338A CN112563741B CN 112563741 B CN112563741 B CN 112563741B CN 202011386338 A CN202011386338 A CN 202011386338A CN 112563741 B CN112563741 B CN 112563741B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna and a double-antenna system suitable for 5G full frequency bands below 6GHz, which are suitable for 5G mobile communication. The metal back plate comprises a substrate metal back plate, a medium substrate suspended on the metal back plate, two pairs of metal eccentric circular rings printed on the bottom surface of the medium substrate and placed along the positive and negative 45-degree diagonal lines, four small circular metal patches positioned inside the circular rings, two pairs of feed coaxial lines, a Y-shaped coupling feed metal strip, metal columns respectively connecting the metal back plate with the two eccentric circular rings positioned on the upper part, and four metal columns connecting the metal back plate with the small circular patches. The invention adopts a standard double-sided printed circuit process and a simple metal column structure, designs and realizes the base station antenna which has compact caliber, double frequency bands, dual polarization and stable beam width, can work in a 5G full frequency band, and is suitable for and compatible with 5G mobile communication scenes which are already commercialized by three operators in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna and a dual-antenna system, in particular to a dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna and a dual-antenna system which are suitable for 5G full frequency band and used in the frequency band below 6GHz in 5G communication, belonging to the technical field of wireless communication.
Background
With the development of fifth generation (5G) mobile communications, communication systems require antennas capable of meeting the 5G operating band and coverage requirements. Compared with the previous 2G, 3G and 4G, the frequency band of 5G wireless communication has the characteristics of higher frequency, larger relative bandwidth, larger frequency span and the like. The license plate of the outdoor communication frequency band issued to the operator in 2019 by China is as follows: 2.515-2.675GHz (China Mobile), 3.4-3.5GHz (China Unicom) 3.5-3.6GHz (China telecom), 4.8-4.9GHz (China Mobile), 4.9-5GHz (China radio and television test network). In many general scenarios, in order to fully utilize the 5G mobile communication services provided by each operator, the mobile communication industry needs to develop a system compatible with multiple operator platforms, including a base station side antenna and a terminal antenna covering all the frequency bands. In particular, the base station side 5G antenna is required to have excellent characteristics such as dual polarization, uniform beam width, and good front-to-back ratio, in addition to being able to cover the above frequency band.
At present, a great deal of design difficulties still exist in the design of a base station antenna facing a 5G full frequency band, for example:
1) the number of frequency bands to be covered is large and the frequency span is large, and the lowest and highest frequencies are 2.5GHz and 5GHz, which reach one octave. Therefore, the design of one octave can be realized by adopting the same antenna structure, and the consideration of dual polarization and uniform beam width coverage is extremely difficult. This is because the cross oscillator structure of the conventional base station antenna is based on the deformation of the dipole, and when the operating frequency reaches an octave, the impedance characteristic of the oscillator changes dramatically, and the stable impedance matching in a wide frequency band cannot be realized.
2) In the wide frequency range, the coverage by adopting the uniform antenna physical structure inevitably causes the deterioration of a directional diagram and also includes the gain change caused by the frequency change effect of the equivalent physical caliber of the antenna bottom plate. Therefore, how to achieve stable pattern characteristics in a wide frequency band is another difficulty in design.
3) In the wide frequency band, how to choose the physical aperture of the antenna will become the limit of the antenna array. For example, when the antenna aperture is designed by using the center frequency of 3.75GHz by using the traditional antenna design method. At the highest frequency of 5GHz, the equivalent electrical size of the antenna will become 1.33 times the center frequency. In order to meet the requirements of a full-band array, the electrical size of the antenna cannot exceed 0.71 wavelength at 3.75GHz, and cannot exceed 0.5 wavelength at the lowest frequency of 2.5 GHz.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the technology, the dual-frequency dual-polarization micro-base station antenna and the dual-antenna system which have dual frequency bands and dual polarization, are stable in beam width, simple to process and suitable for batch production and are suitable for 5G full frequency bands are provided.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full frequency band of the invention comprises a substrate metal back plate, a medium substrate is suspended above the substrate metal back plate, two groups of antenna groups are crossed on the medium substrate, each group of antenna groups comprises two eccentric circular metal strips which are oppositely arranged, a support column is arranged at the circular hollow position in each eccentric circular metal strip and is positioned between the medium substrate and the substrate metal back plate, a Y-shaped coupling metal strip is arranged between the two eccentric circular metal strips, the two groups of crossed antenna groups are not directly contacted with the respective Y-shaped coupling metal strips, wherein the two eccentric circular metal strips and the Y-shaped coupling metal strips are respectively arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface of the medium substrate, and two thin branches of the Y-shaped coupling metal strip are positioned above one eccentric circular metal strip, and a coaxial feeder conductor group is arranged between the other end of the Y-shaped coupling metal strip and the other eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip, and the coaxial feeder conductor group is not electrically connected.
The eccentric circular metal strips are four in number and are respectively an eccentric circular metal strip I, an eccentric circular metal strip II, an eccentric circular metal strip III and an eccentric circular metal strip IV which are rotationally arranged around the center at 90 degrees, wherein the eccentric circular metal strip I and the eccentric circular metal strip II are arranged along the positive 45-degree diagonal and the eccentric centers of the two are all positioned on the positive 45-degree diagonal, the outermost sides of the 45-degree diagonal of the eccentric circular metal strip I and the eccentric circular metal strip II are the narrowest ring positions of the two, the eccentric circular metal strip III and the eccentric circular metal strip IV are arranged along the negative 45-degree diagonal and the eccentric centers of the two are all positioned on the negative 45-degree diagonal, the outermost sides of the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips III and IV along the negative 45-degree diagonal are the narrowest annular positions of the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips III and IV.
The Y-shaped coupling metal strip comprises a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip in a group with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II and a second Y-shaped coupling metal strip in a group with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV, wherein the middle part of the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip introduces part of the metal strip into the lower surface of the dielectric substrate by utilizing the first group of three metal through holes and the second group of three metal through holes so as to avoid the circuit cross contact between the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip and the first Y-shaped coupling metal strip.
The set of coaxial feed conductors comprises two pairs: the coaxial feeder line comprises a coaxial feeder line inner conductor I and a coaxial feeder line outer conductor II which are matched with each other, and a coaxial feeder line inner conductor III and a coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV which are matched with each other, wherein the coaxial feeder line inner conductor I is electrically communicated with the thicker end of a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip and is just positioned above the corresponding eccentric circular metal strip II, the coaxial feeder line inner conductor I penetrates through the eccentric circular metal strip II and a medium substrate and is not connected with the eccentric circular metal strip II, the coaxial feeder line outer conductor II is connected with the eccentric circular metal strip II, the coaxial feeder line inner conductor I and the coaxial feeder line outer conductor II are not connected, and the first Y-shaped coupling metal strip and the eccentric circular metal strip II are not connected; the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III is connected with the thicker end of the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip and is just positioned above the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV, the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III penetrates through the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV and the medium substrate and is not connected with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV, the coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV is connected with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV, the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III and the coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV are not connected, and the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV are not connected.
The lower surfaces of the medium substrates are respectively printed with a small circular metal patch I, a small circular metal patch II, a small circular metal patch III and a small circular metal patch IV in the hollow parts of the eccentric circular metal strip I, the eccentric circular metal strip II, the eccentric circular metal strip III and the eccentric circular metal strip IV, the four small circular metal patches are respectively provided with a support column, and the metal cylinder I, the metal cylinder II, the metal cylinder III and the metal cylinder IV are respectively connected with the reflection back plate.
5. The dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full band according to claim 2, wherein: and a metal column I and a metal column II are respectively arranged below two subdivision branch ends of a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip and a second Y-shaped coupling metal strip of the medium substrate and are used for respectively connecting the reflection back plate with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III.
A micro base station double-antenna system suitable for a 5G full-frequency-band double-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna structure comprises two diagonally arranged double-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antennas suitable for a 5G full-frequency band, and further comprises a radio frequency module, a baseband clock module, a control module and a power module, wherein the specific connection relationship is that the baseband clock module is connected with the radio frequency module, the radio frequency module is connected with the two double-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antennas of two 5G full-product bands through two different ports and used for realizing baseband processing, radio frequency processing and a space transmission path of communication signals, and the control module and the power module are simultaneously connected with the baseband clock module and the radio frequency module to provide power supply and time sequence control services for the radio frequency module; the diagonal layout of the double-frequency dual-polarized antennas of the two 5G full frequency bands can ensure that the maximum distance isolation is realized in a limited equipment space, thereby realizing the maximization of the isolation degree between the antennas, the layout requirement of the radio frequency module is as close to the two antennas as possible, the layout of other modules can be flexibly adjusted according to the equipment structure, the double-frequency dual-polarized 5G wireless coverage and access service can be realized in a micro cell environment through the double-antenna system of the micro base station, meanwhile, the double-antenna structure can provide the MIMO communication capacity of multiple input and multiple output, and the communication capacity and the communication speed are effectively improved.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the design of the invention realizes the 5G full-band base station antenna with low section, compact caliber, dual-band and dual-polarization, and can support the 5G standard and frequency band vertical mobile communication application compatible with each operator in China. The antenna has the characteristics of high precision and good repeatability, and also has the advantages of low cost, convenience in batch production and the like. The antenna design example of the invention has double frequency bands which can respectively cover 2.5-2.7GHz and 3.4-5GHz, and can realize the fully compatible work with 5G services of various large telecom operators in China. The antenna can support a micro base station working mode in a 5G full frequency band, and can be further expanded to be used as a basic unit for designing a macro base station antenna array.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the structure of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a two-port S parameter diagram of example 1;
FIG. 4 is the 2.6GHz pattern for example 1;
FIG. 5 is the 3.5GHz pattern for example 1;
FIG. 6 is the 4.9GHz pattern for example 1;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a micro base station dual antenna system configured according to embodiment 1.
In the figure: 1-substrate metal back plate, 2-dielectric substrate, 3 a-eccentric circular metal strip I, 3 b-eccentric circular metal strip II, 4 a-eccentric circular metal strip III, 4 b-eccentric circular metal strip IV, 5-first Y-shaped coupling metal strip, 6 a-coaxial feeder inner conductor I, 6 b-coaxial feeder outer conductor II, 7-second Y-shaped coupling metal strip, 8 a-coaxial feeder inner conductor III, 8 b-coaxial feeder outer conductor IV, 9 a-first group of three metal through holes, 9 b-second group of three metal through holes, 10 a-metal column I, 10 b-metal column II, 11 a-circular small metal patch I, 11 b-circular small metal patch II, 11 c-circular small metal patch III, 11 d-round small metal patch IV, 12 a-metal cylinder I, 12 b-metal cylinder II, 12 c-metal cylinder III, 12 d-metal cylinder IV.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as various equivalent modifications of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full frequency band of the present invention comprises a substrate metal backplate 1, a dielectric substrate 2 is suspended above the substrate metal backplate 1, two groups of antenna groups are crossed on the dielectric substrate 2, each group of antenna groups comprises two eccentric circular metal strips arranged oppositely, a support column is arranged at a circular hollow position in each eccentric circular metal strip and is located between the dielectric substrate 2 and the substrate metal backplate 1, a Y-shaped coupling metal strip is arranged between the two eccentric circular metal strips, the two groups of crossed antenna groups are not directly contacted with the respective Y-shaped coupling metal strips, wherein the two eccentric circular metal strips and the Y-shaped coupling metal strip are respectively arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2, and two fine branches of the Y-shaped coupling metal strip are located above one eccentric circular metal strip, and a coaxial feeder conductor group is arranged between the other end of the Y-shaped coupling metal strip and the other eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip, and the coaxial feeder conductor group is not electrically connected.
As shown in fig. 2, the number of the eccentric circular metal strips is four, and the four eccentric circular metal strips are respectively an eccentric circular metal strip i 3a, an eccentric circular metal strip ii 3b, an eccentric circular metal strip iii 4a and an eccentric circular metal strip iv 4b, the eccentric circular metal strip i 3a, the eccentric circular metal strip ii 3b, the eccentric circular metal strip iii 4a and the eccentric circular metal strip iv 4b are arranged in a 90 ° rotation manner around the center, wherein the eccentric circular metal strip i 3a and the eccentric circular metal strip ii 3b are placed along a positive 45 ° diagonal, the eccentric centers of the two eccentric circular metal strips are both located on the positive 45 ° diagonal, the eccentric circular metal strip i 3a and the eccentric circular metal strip ii 3b are both located at the annular narrowest positions at the outermost sides along the 45 ° diagonal, the eccentric circular metal strip iii 4a and the eccentric circular metal strip iv 4b are placed along a negative 45 ° diagonal, and the eccentric centers of the two eccentric circular metal strips are both located at the negative 45 ° diagonal And the diagonal line, the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III 4a and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV 4b are at the narrowest part of the two rings at the outermost side along the diagonal line of minus 45 degrees. The Y-shaped coupling metal strip comprises a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip 5 in a group with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I3 a and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II 3b, and a second Y-shaped coupling metal strip 7 in a group with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III 4a and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV 4b, wherein a part of the metal strips are introduced into the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 2 by utilizing a first group of three metal through holes 9a and a second group of three metal through holes 9b arranged in the middle of the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip 7, so that the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip 7 is prevented from being in line cross contact with the first Y-shaped coupling metal strip 5. The set of coaxial feed conductors comprises two pairs: the coaxial feeder line comprises a coaxial feeder line inner conductor I6 a and a coaxial feeder line outer conductor II 6b which are matched with each other, and a coaxial feeder line inner conductor III 8a and a coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV 8b which are matched with each other, wherein the coaxial feeder line inner conductor I6 a is electrically communicated with the thicker end of a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip 5 and is just positioned above the corresponding eccentric circular metal strip II 3b, the coaxial feeder line inner conductor I6 a penetrates through the eccentric circular metal strip II 3b and the dielectric substrate 2 and is not connected with the eccentric circular metal strip II 3b, the coaxial feeder line outer conductor II 6b is connected with the eccentric circular metal strip II 3b, the coaxial feeder line inner conductor I6 a and the coaxial feeder line outer conductor II 6b are not connected, and the first Y-shaped coupling metal strip 5 and the eccentric circular metal strip II 3b are not connected; the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III 8a is connected with the thicker end of the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip 7 and is just positioned above the corresponding eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV 4b, the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III 8a penetrates through the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV 4b and the dielectric substrate 2 and is not connected with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV 4b, the coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV 8b is connected with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV 4b, wherein the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III 8a and the coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV 8b are not connected, and the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip 7 and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV 4b are not connected.
A small circular metal patch I11 a, a small circular metal patch II 11b, a small circular metal patch III 11c and a small circular metal patch IV 11d are respectively printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (2) in the hollow parts of the eccentric circular metal strip I3 a, the eccentric circular metal strip II 3b, the eccentric circular metal strip III 4a and the eccentric circular metal strip IV 4b, a supporting column is respectively arranged on the four small circular metal patches, a metal cylinder I12 a, a metal cylinder II 12b, a metal cylinder III 12c and a metal cylinder IV 12d are respectively connected with the reflection backboard 1 and are arranged below two subdivided branch ends of a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip 5 and a second Y-shaped coupling metal strip 7 of the medium substrate 2, the metal columns I10 a and the metal columns II 10b are respectively arranged for connecting the reflection backboard 1 with the eccentric circular metal strip I3 a and the eccentric circular metal strip III 4 a.
As shown in fig. 7, a micro base station dual antenna system suitable for a 5G full-band dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna structure comprises two diagonally arranged dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antennas suitable for a 5G full-band, and further comprises a radio frequency module, a baseband clock module, a control module and a power module, wherein the specific connection relationship is that the baseband clock module is connected with the radio frequency module, the radio frequency module is connected with the dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antennas of two 5G full-band through two different ports for realizing baseband processing, radio frequency processing and spatial transmission path of communication signals, and the control module and the power module are simultaneously connected with the baseband clock module and the radio frequency module for providing power supply and timing control services for the radio frequency module; the diagonal layout of the double-frequency dual-polarized antennas of the two 5G full frequency bands can ensure that the maximum distance isolation is realized in a limited equipment space, thereby realizing the maximization of the isolation degree between the antennas, the layout requirement of the radio frequency module is as close to the two antennas as possible, the layout of other modules can be flexibly adjusted according to the equipment structure, the double-frequency dual-polarized 5G wireless coverage and access service can be realized in a micro cell environment through the double-antenna system of the micro base station, meanwhile, the double-antenna structure can provide the MIMO communication capacity of multiple input and multiple output, and the communication capacity and the communication speed are effectively improved.
The working principle is as follows: the antenna structure provided by the invention has the characteristic of dual-frequency dual-polarization radiation, and the working principle of the antenna structure is mainly divided into two parts: 1) the invention provides a dual-polarized radiation structure, which realizes broadband dual-polarized radiation by adopting eccentric circular ring symmetric oscillators with symmetric distribution of plus and minus 45 degrees. Meanwhile, a Y-shaped coupling metal strip and a short-circuit metal column with a balanced feed function are added, so that the balance of the directional diagram can be realized. 2) The invention constructs four monopole antennas by introducing four short circuit metal columns which are spatially coupled with the symmetrical vibrators. In a low frequency range, the four monopole antennas can realize inductive loading to counteract the high capacitive reactance effect of the symmetrical oscillators when the length of the symmetrical oscillators is less than half wavelength, so that impedance matching is realized; at high frequency, the symmetrical vibrator works in a state similar to a half-wave vibrator, and the coupling quantity between the symmetrical vibrator and the four metal columns is weak. Meanwhile, the four monopoles are radiation zero points on the caliber of the whole antenna, so that the original directional diagram radiation main direction of the symmetrical oscillator is not influenced.
Example 1:
the three-dimensional geometrical dimensions of the area of the antenna dielectric sheet 2 were 35mm × 35mm × 19mm, and the equivalent electric dimensions were 0.29 λ × 0.29 λ × 0.16 λ with reference to the 2.5GHz wavelength.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the dual port S parameter of example 1, wherein the reflection coefficients S11 and S21 of both ports are less than-9.5 dB (corresponding to a VSWR <2) in the frequency bands of 2.515-2.675GHz and 3.4-5 GHz; and both S12 and S12 are less than-22 dB. The parameters show that the antenna has better impedance matching characteristic and polarization isolation characteristic in a 5G full frequency band.
FIG. 4 shows the pattern curve at 2.6GHz for example 1. The pattern is an antenna horizontal/vertical plane pattern, where only a single horizontal plane pattern curve is provided due to the strict symmetry of the structure. Wherein the solid line represents the 45 ° co-polarization component and the dotted line represents the-45 ° polarization component. In this frequency band, the antenna has a 3dB beamwidth of 70 °, and the ratio of the main polarization cross polarization levels is better than 40dB in this range.
FIG. 5 shows the pattern curve at 3.5GHz for example 1. The pattern is an antenna horizontal/vertical plane pattern, where only a single horizontal plane pattern curve is provided due to the strict symmetry of the structure. Wherein the solid line represents the 45 ° co-polarization component and the dotted line represents the-45 ° polarization component. In this frequency band, the antenna has a 3dB beamwidth of 70 °, and the ratio of the main polarization cross polarization levels is better than 22dB in this range.
FIG. 6 shows the pattern curve at 2.6GHz for example 1. The pattern is an antenna horizontal/vertical plane pattern, where only a single horizontal plane pattern curve is provided due to the strict symmetry of the structure. Wherein the solid line represents the 45 ° co-polarization component and the dotted line represents the-45 ° polarization component. In this band, the antenna has a 3dB beamwidth of 63 °, and the ratio of the main polarization cross polarization levels is better than 20dB in this range.
Claims (7)
1. A double-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna suitable for a 5G full frequency band is characterized in that: the antenna comprises a substrate metal back plate (1), a medium substrate (2) is arranged above the substrate metal back plate (1) in a suspension frame mode, two groups of antenna groups are alternately arranged on the medium substrate (2), each group of antenna groups comprises two oppositely arranged eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips, circular small metal patches are respectively printed on the lower surface of the medium substrate (2) in circular hollow parts in each eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip, a supporting column is respectively arranged on the four circular small metal patches and is connected with a reflection back plate (1), a Y-shaped coupling metal strip is arranged between the two eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips, the two groups of crossed antenna groups are not in direct contact with the respective Y-shaped coupling metal strips, the two eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips and the Y-shaped coupling metal strips are respectively arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface of the medium substrate (2), and two thin branches of the Y-shaped coupling metal strips are positioned above one eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip, and a coaxial feeder conductor group is arranged between the other end of the Y-shaped coupling metal strip and the other eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip, and the coaxial feeder conductor group is not electrically connected.
2. The dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full band according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips is four, and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips are respectively an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I (3 a), an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II (3 b), an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III (4 a) and an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b), the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I (3 a), the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II (3 b), the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III (4 a) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b) are rotationally arranged around the center at 90 degrees, wherein the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I (3 a) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II (3 b) are placed along a positive 45-degree diagonal, the eccentric centers of the two eccentric circular rings are both located at the positive 45-degree diagonal, and the outermost sides of the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I (3 a) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II (3 b) along the 45-degree diagonal are both annular narrowest positions, the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III (4 a) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b) are placed along the diagonal of minus 45 degrees, the eccentric centers of the two eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strips are both positioned on the diagonal of minus 45 degrees, and the outermost sides of the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III (4 a) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b) along the diagonal of minus 45 degrees are the narrowest parts of the two circular rings.
3. The dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full band according to claim 2, wherein: the Y-shaped coupling metal strip comprises a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip (5) in a group with an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I (3 a) and an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II (3 b), and a second Y-shaped coupling metal strip (7) in a group with an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III (4 a) and an eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b), wherein the middle part of the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip (7) introduces part of the metal strip into the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (2) by utilizing a first group of three metal through holes (9 a) and a second group of three metal through holes (9 b) so as to avoid the cross contact of the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip (7) and the first Y-shaped coupling metal strip (5).
4. A dual-frequency dual-polarized micro-base station antenna adapted for a 5G full band according to claim 3, characterised in that said set of coaxial feed line conductors comprises two pairs: a coaxial feeder inner conductor I (6 a) and a coaxial feeder outer conductor II (6 b) which are matched with each other, and a coaxial feeder inner conductor III (8 a) and a coaxial feeder outer conductor IV (8 b) which are matched with each other, wherein the coaxial feed line inner conductor I (6 a) is in electrical communication with the thicker end of the first Y-shaped coupling metal strip (5), and is just positioned above the eccentric circular metal strip II (3 b), the coaxial feeder inner conductor I (6 a) passes through the eccentric circular metal strip II (3 b) and the dielectric substrate (2) and is not connected with the eccentric circular metal strip II (3 b), the coaxial feeder outer conductor II (6 b) is connected with the eccentric circular metal strip II (3 b), the coaxial feeder line inner conductor I (6 a) and the coaxial feeder line outer conductor II (6 b) are not connected, and the first Y-shaped coupling metal strip (5) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip II (3 b) are not connected; the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III (8 a) is connected with the thicker end of the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip (7) and is just positioned above the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b), the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III (8 a) penetrates through the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b) and the medium substrate (2) and is not connected with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b), the coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV (8 b) is connected with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b), the coaxial feeder line inner conductor III (8 a) and the coaxial feeder line outer conductor IV (8 b) are not connected, and the second Y-shaped coupling metal strip (7) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip IV (4 b) are not connected.
5. The dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full band according to claim 2, wherein: the hollow parts of the eccentric circular metal strip I (3 a), the eccentric circular metal strip II (3 b), the eccentric circular metal strip III (4 a) and the eccentric circular metal strip IV (4 b) are respectively printed with a small circular metal patch I (11 a), a small circular metal patch II (11 b), a small circular metal patch III (11 c) and a small circular metal patch IV (11 d) on the lower surface of the medium substrate (2), four small circular metal patches are respectively provided with a support column, and the four small circular metal patches are respectively a metal cylinder I (12 a), a metal cylinder II (12 b), a metal cylinder III (12 c) and a metal cylinder IV (12 d) which are connected with the reflection backboard (1).
6. The dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full band according to claim 2, wherein: and a metal column I (10 a) and a metal column II (10 b) are respectively arranged below two subdivided branch ends of a first Y-shaped coupling metal strip (5) and a second Y-shaped coupling metal strip (7) of the medium substrate (2) and are used for respectively connecting the reflection back plate (1) with the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip I (3 a) and the eccentric circular ring-shaped metal strip III (4 a).
7. A micro base station dual antenna system using the dual-frequency dual-polarized micro base station antenna configuration suitable for 5G full-band of claim 1, characterized in that: the radio frequency module is connected with the two 5G full-frequency band dual-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antennas through two different ports to realize baseband processing, radio frequency processing and space transmission access of communication signals, and the control module and the power module are simultaneously connected with the baseband clock module and the radio frequency module to provide power supply and time sequence control services for the radio frequency module; the diagonal layout of the double-frequency dual-polarized antennas of the two 5G full frequency bands can ensure that the maximum distance isolation is realized in a limited equipment space, thereby realizing the maximization of the isolation degree between the antennas, the layout requirement of the radio frequency module is as close to the two antennas as possible, the layout of other modules can be flexibly adjusted according to the equipment structure, the double-frequency dual-polarized 5G wireless coverage and access service can be realized in a micro cell environment through the double-antenna system of the micro base station, meanwhile, the double-antenna structure can provide the MIMO communication capacity of multiple input and multiple output, and the communication capacity and the communication speed are effectively improved.
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| WO2023092294A1 (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-06-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna unit, antenna, and antenna feeder system |
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| CN110190392A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of dual-band and dual-polarization electromagnetic dipole antenna element suitable for 4G/5G micro-base station |
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| WO2016078475A1 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-05-26 | 李梓萌 | Miniaturized dipole base station antenna |
| CN109904613A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-06-18 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of difference dual-band and dual-polarization filter antenna applied to 5G Sub 6GHz base station system |
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