CN118155735A - Method for measuring and calculating oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor of ex-situ sludge - Google Patents
Method for measuring and calculating oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor of ex-situ sludge Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- IXKSXJFAGXLQOQ-XISFHERQSA-N WHWLQLKPGQPMY Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C1=CNC=N1 IXKSXJFAGXLQOQ-XISFHERQSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 265
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 265
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 265
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004103 aerobic respiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012625 in-situ measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring and calculating oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor of ex-situ sludge, which comprises the following steps: deploying a measuring and calculating environment; acquiring the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period through the periodic collection of the concentration of the dissolved oxygen, wherein the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period comprises a first concentration of the dissolved oxygen, a second concentration of the dissolved oxygen and a third concentration of the dissolved oxygen; loading an alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, wherein the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is used for calculating the alpha factor through the sewage standard oxygen transfer rate and the clear water standard oxygen transfer rate; and transferring the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period into the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model to generate a calculated value of the alpha factor and the oxygen consumption rate. According to the technical scheme, the measuring process is more flexible, the dissolved oxygen concentration at different stages is acquired in a dynamic acquisition mode, and the oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor can be measured in the same equipment; and the fitting precision of the differential equation is effectively improved by combining staged fitting calculation, and finally the measuring and calculating precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to an ex-situ sludge oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor measuring and calculating method.
Background
The sewage plant is a large household of energy consumption and carbon emission, and the research and development of the carbon reduction and carbon replacement technology for the sewage plant has important significance for realizing the double-carbon target in China. The aeration system accounts for 50% of the energy consumption of the whole sewage treatment plant and is the most important energy consumption unit, so that the optimization of the aeration system is the important aspect of sewage treatment energy conservation. However, in the actual operation process, a large number of sewage plants still rely on human experience to adjust the power of the blower, so that a large amount of energy is wasted.
At present, a plurality of technical schemes are optimized for an aeration system: optimizing the aeration system using PID control methods, for example, by acquiring biological pond data; oxygen supply is obtained by combining the real-time monitoring of the number of the aerobic tanks with a double-calculation model, so that energy conservation is realized.
To realize the optimal energy saving, the air supply amount of the aeration system is required to be controlled to be exactly equal to the oxygen demand of the aerobic tank, if the air supply amount is required to be obtained, the real-time oxygen transfer efficiency and the oxygen consumption rate of the aerobic tank are required to be measured, and the oxygen transfer efficiency is required to be related to the alpha factor and the aeration amount of the aeration system: the alpha factor is the ratio of the standard oxygen transfer rate of the aeration equipment in sewage to the standard oxygen transfer rate in clear water, and is determined by various characteristics in the sewage, such as COD, sludge concentration, temperature and the like, and the value fluctuates greatly during sewage treatment. Therefore, the simultaneous measurement of the oxygen consumption rate and the alpha factor is very important for realizing the energy saving of the aeration system.
Most of the technologies at the present stage measure oxygen transfer efficiency through a tail gas method, namely, the oxygen transfer efficiency is calculated through in-situ measurement by measuring mole fractions of oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor in the tail gas. While the existing scheme has two disadvantages: an oxygen consumption rate cannot be obtained by measuring the tail gas without additional equipment; secondly, the in situ method cannot distinguish the reasons for the reduced oxygen transmission performance, and the reasons for the reduction include an activated sludge factor (alpha factor) and a fouling factor (F factor). Therefore, a solution is needed to calculate both the alpha factor and the oxygen consumption rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application provides a method for measuring and calculating the oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor of ex-situ sludge, which comprises the following steps:
deploying a computing environment, comprising: collecting basic environmental parameters of an aerobic tank, setting an ex-situ reactor structure according to the basic environmental parameters, and deploying an ex-situ reactor according to the ex-situ reactor structure, wherein deploying the ex-situ reactor comprises installing n dissolved oxygen sensors and injection ports on the ex-situ reactor;
basic environmental parameters of the aerobic tank include: total air supply of aerobic tank Density of supplied gas/>Aeration head density/>Total volume of aerobic tank/>The total aeration head number of the aerobic tank/>Aerobic pool bottom area/>Effective depth of aerobic tank/>；
The ex situ reactor configuration according to the basic environmental parameters comprises:
determining the number of aeration heads in an ex-situ reactor And ex situ reactor floor area/>The calculation method comprises the following steps:；
Determination of ex situ reactor diameter The calculation method is that/(。
Acquiring the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period through the periodic collection of the concentration of the dissolved oxygen, wherein the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period comprises a first concentration of the dissolved oxygen, a second concentration of the dissolved oxygen and a third concentration of the dissolved oxygen;
Loading an alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, wherein the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is used for calculating the alpha factor through the sewage standard oxygen transfer rate and the clear water standard oxygen transfer rate; the first dissolved oxygen concentration and the second dissolved oxygen concentration are used for calculating the standard oxygen transfer rate of sewage, and the third dissolved oxygen concentration is used for calculating the standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water;
transferring the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period into the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model to generate a calculated value of the alpha factor and the oxygen consumption rate;
wherein, the period collection of the dissolved oxygen concentration means: and obtaining the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ sensor within a specified time period through the dissolved oxygen sensor.
Further, before loading the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, establishing the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, including:
determining a parameter relationship, wherein the parameter relationship satisfied by the change in the dissolved oxygen concentration is expressed as:
Wherein/> Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient in actual process, R is oxygen consumption rate, and/>Wherein K is the half-saturation constant of R with respect to dissolved oxygen, R max is the theoretical maximum oxygen consumption rate,Is the current dissolved oxygen concentration,/>Is saturated dissolved oxygen concentration;
determining fitting stage, calculating and obtaining oxygen consumption transfer rate of sewage ; Wherein the fitting phase comprises: fitting and calculating by combining the first dissolved oxygen concentration pair R max to obtain the optimal R max, and combining the second dissolved oxygen concentration pair/>And K fitting calculation to obtain the optimal/>；
Obtaining oxygen consumption transfer rateThe calculation method comprises the following steps: /(I)Wherein: Wherein/> Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient at 20℃,/>Is a temperature influencing factor;
Obtaining standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water ；
The numerical value of the alpha factor is calculated, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:。
The calculation method for obtaining the optimal R max by combining the first dissolved oxygen concentration and R max fitting calculation comprises the following steps:
Defining a theoretical maximum oxygen consumption rate R max to satisfy the differential equation: Wherein the first dissolved oxygen concentration is an array of C and t;
combining the second dissolved oxygen concentration pair And K fitting treatment to obtain the optimal/>The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
The differential equation is determined as: wherein the second dissolved oxygen concentration is an array of C and t.
Further, obtaining standard oxygen transfer rate of clear waterComprising the following steps:
Obtaining the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 and the third dissolved oxygen concentration of clear water;
Combining a third dissolved oxygen concentration pair Fitting to obtain the optimal/>The calculation method of (1) is as follows: Wherein/> The apparent volume mass transfer coefficient of clear water is given, and C is the third dissolved oxygen concentration;
Calculating standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water The calculation method is expressed as follows:
Wherein/> The clean water saturation dissolved oxygen at 20 ℃ and one standard atmospheric pressure, V is the ex-situ reactor volume,/>Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient at 20℃, andWherein/>Is a temperature influencing factor.
Further, before the first dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained, hydrogen peroxide is injected through an injection port of the ex-situ reactor, when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the ex-situ reactor reaches 12mg/L, an aeration system is closed, a stirring system is started to enable the in-situ reactor to be in a complete mixing state, the dissolved oxygen concentration is periodically collected, and the first dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained, wherein the designated time is the time when the dissolved oxygen concentration is reduced from 12mg/L to 10 mg/L;
After the first dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained, opening an aeration system to acquire the dissolved oxygen concentration period after the dissolved oxygen concentration of the ex-situ reactor is reduced to be lower than the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration, and obtaining a second dissolved oxygen concentration, wherein the designated duration is 20 minutes.
Further, before the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 of the clear water is obtained, adding clear water into a clean ex-situ reactor to ensure that the volume of the clear water is equal to the effective volume of the ex-situ reactor, and measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration in the clear water to be used as the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 of the clear water;
Adding sodium sulfite into the ex-situ reactor, fully stirring, opening an aeration system when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor reaches 0mg/L, and collecting the dissolved oxygen concentration period when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor reaches 0.5mg/L to obtain a third dissolved oxygen concentration, wherein the designated period is 10 minutes.
Further, when the dissolved oxygen concentration is periodically collected, n dissolved oxygen concentration values obtained by n dissolved oxygen sensors, the dissolved oxygen concentration includes: n individual sensor readings, expressed as; The average value of n individual sensor readings, C, is expressed as: /(I)Wherein/>A dissolved oxygen concentration value obtained for the nth dissolved oxygen sensor.
Wherein installing n dissolved oxygen sensors and injection ports on the ex situ reactor comprises: arranging n sensors along the depth direction of the ex-situ reactor, wherein the n sensors are respectively positioned at 1/(n+1),. The n/(n+1), and the probes of the sensors are vertically upwards arranged; and n injection ports are arranged at the symmetrical positions of the probe along the circle center.
Specifically, an alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is realized through a scipy library of python;
The data structure of dissolved oxygen in the period of the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is as follows: sampling time, D1,..dn, where Dn is the number of samples acquired by n probes, and sampling time is the sampling interval duration x the number of samples.
According to the invention, by adopting the data sampling method of ex-situ measurement, the measurement process is more flexible, the clear water standard SOTR of the aeration equipment can be accurately measured, and the accuracy of the final alpha factor measurement is further improved instead of relying on the numerical value provided by manufacturers; on the other hand, the dissolved oxygen concentration in different stages is acquired by a dynamic dissolved oxygen concentration periodic acquisition mode, so that the oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor can be measured in the same equipment; and by combining different acquisition occasions of the dissolved oxygen concentration, the fitting accuracy of the differential equation is effectively improved by adopting staged fitting calculation, and finally the measuring and calculating accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of steps in a method for testing oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an ex situ reactor configuration provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of experimental data for aeration of clear water provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of oxygen consumption rate measurement experimental data provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph of SOTR assay experimental data provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide an ex-situ, non-tail gas method and sequencing batch scheme capable of simultaneously measuring the aerobic Chi Wuni alpha factor and the oxygen consumption rate. The method utilizes the mass balance and change of oxygen in the ex-situ reactor to calculate alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate, and avoids the influence of dirt by cleaning the aeration head in time. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the probe and the injection port in the ex-situ reactor provided by the invention can effectively guide the regulation and control of subsequent aeration equipment, and can be used as a basic device for researching the change rule of the oxygen transfer efficiency of the sewage plant.
The following describes in detail the specific implementation of the present invention with reference to the drawings accompanying the specification.
FIG. 1 provides a chart of steps of a method for testing oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor, as shown, comprising the steps of:
Step S110: deploying a computing environment, comprising: collecting basic environmental parameters of an aerobic tank, setting an ex-situ reactor structure according to the basic environmental parameters, and deploying the ex-situ reactor according to the ex-situ reactor structure, wherein the deploying the ex-situ reactor comprises installing n dissolved oxygen sensors and injection ports on the ex-situ reactor.
The ex-situ reactor provided by the invention can fully reduce the state of sludge in the aerobic tank and ensure that the air supply density is the same as that of the aerobic tank) Aeration head Density (/ >)) And bubble average residence time. For this purpose, first basic environmental parameters of the aerobic tank are obtained, including: total air supply of aerobic tank/>Density of supplied gas/>Aeration head density/>Total volume of aerobic tank/>The total aeration head number of the aerobic tank/>Aerobic pool bottom area/>Effective depth of aerobic tank/>；
Secondly, setting the structure of the ex-situ reactor according to basic environmental parameters, comprising:
1) Ex situ reactor size and shape settings:
Determination of ex situ reactor total volume The calculation basis is/>Wherein/>、/>The total air supply amount (unit: m 3/h) of the aerobic tank and the ex-situ reactor respectively,/>Is the total volume of the aerobic tank.
Determining the number of aeration heads in an ex-situ reactorAnd ex situ reactor floor area/>The calculation basis is as follows:
，
According to the formula, the number of aeration heads in the ex-situ reactor can be calculated and determined And ex situ reactor floor area/>When the layout of the aeration heads is realized, the arrangement mode of the aeration heads in the ex-situ reactor is consistent with that in the aerobic tank.
Because the bubble motion is influenced by buoyancy to vertically upwards, the effective depth of the ex-situ reactor is [ ]) Effective depth of aerobic tank (/ >)) Concordance, i.e./> ；
To minimize the impact of the ex-situ reactor water impermeable walls on the flow field, the ex-situ reactor is designed to be cylindrical, and the substitution of equation (3) into (1) is deformable as:（4）；
on the basis, the flow (q) of each aeration head of the ex-situ reactor is equal to that of each aeration head of the aerobic tank, and the rule is met:
；
Meanwhile, in order to ensure that flow fields are similar, the number of aeration heads in the ex-situ reactor is determined;
Determination of ex situ reactor diameter The calculation method is that/(（6），
Wherein,(7) Or/>（8）；
Thus, an ex situ reactor is available which is cylindrical with a diameter de, effective water depth he.
2) The ex-situ reactor is provided with a dissolved oxygen sensor and an injection port:
In the invention, the positions, the number and the arrangement directions of the dissolved oxygen sensors are set so as to accurately measure the change of the dissolved oxygen in the device and be used for the subsequent calculation of the oxygen transfer efficiency and the oxygen consumption rate.
In order to accurately capture the change of dissolved oxygen in the device, n sensors are arranged along the depth direction of the ex-situ reactor and are respectively arranged at 1/(n+1),. The probes of the sensors are vertically upwards arranged at n/(n+1), so that measurement errors caused by the attachment of bubbles on the probes are prevented;
Subsequent calculations of dissolved oxygen concentration in the ex situ reactor, individual readings from the n sensors are taken to take part in the calculations, e.g The average value can also be obtained to participate in calculation, expressed as:
n（9）。
On the other hand, n injection ports are arranged at the symmetrical positions of the probe along the circle center; injection ports may be used to add other materials to the ex situ reactor for reaction; the batch multiple injection can be realized by installing n injection ports.
For example, hydrogen peroxide is added into an ex-situ reactor, the hydrogen peroxide is used for quickly adjusting the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor, when the concentration is uneven, the area of high-concentration hydrogen peroxide can excessively and quickly decompose COD and oxidized ammonia nitrogen, so that the decomposition in the whole ex-situ reactor is uneven.
In the present invention, a specific embodiment is provided: aeration head density of aerobic tank of target sewage plantEach m 2, as shown in fig. 2,4 aeration heads are arranged in the ex-situ reactor, the bottom area of the ex-situ reactor is set to be 4/3.251=1.23 m 2, and the bottom diameter is set to be 1.252m;
The effective water depth of the aerobic tank is 6.5m, so the water depth of the ex-situ reactor is also set to be 6.5m, the total effective volume is 7.995m 3, the safety height of 0.2m is additionally added, and the total height of the ex-situ reactor is 6.7m. The schematic of the ex-situ reactor and the mounting locations of the injection ports, sensors, agitators, etc. are shown in fig. 2: the method comprises the steps of arranging 3 dissolved oxygen sensors in an ex-situ reactor, respectively at 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 positions, wherein the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor obtained subsequently is the average value or three values of the three sensors, and correspondingly, arranging 3 injection ports at the symmetrical positions of the probe along the circle center.
Step S120: through the periodic collection of the dissolved oxygen concentration, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the period is obtained:
The period collection of the dissolved oxygen concentration specifically refers to: obtaining the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ sensor within a specified time period through a dissolved oxygen sensor; the in-cycle dissolved oxygen concentration includes a first dissolved oxygen concentration, a second dissolved oxygen concentration, and a third dissolved oxygen concentration.
The data structure of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the cycle is as follows:
In the present invention, the periodic collection of dissolved oxygen concentration by an ex situ reactor means: collecting operation is carried out in the environment of the ex-situ reactor, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of different appointed time periods is collected at different occasions:
first, the collection environment of the ex-situ reactor is prepared:
In the example provided by the present invention, hydrogen peroxide is injected into each injection port of the ex situ reactor in multiple times, e.g., after the first 3 injection ports, the second injection is initiated when the dissolved oxygen probe detects a significant increase in dissolved oxygen. The volume of hydrogen peroxide injected into each injection port is ，/>Is the total volume of hydrogen peroxide (L) to be injected.
The invention adopts 6% hydrogen peroxide, and the injection amount of the hydrogen peroxide is calculated as follows:
1) After the sludge in the aerobic tank enters the ex-situ reactor, recording the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor, and recording as A0 (mg/L);
2) The concentration of dissolved oxygen to be increased is set to be generally not lower than 12mg/L, and is marked as C1;
3) The hydrogen peroxide addition was calculated according to the following formula:
（10），
wherein V is the effective volume (m 3) of the ex-situ reactor, Is the volume (L) of hydrogen peroxide to be injected.
When the acquisition process is realized, a sequencing batch process is set, namely a measuring and calculating period comprises the following steps: water inflow, dissolved oxygen lifting, oxygen consumption rate measurement, measurement and calculation, water discharge and the like are repeated. The planned duration of each stage is 5min, 1min, 5min, 20min, 5min, and 36min, respectively, and in order to ensure the data regularity of measurement, the limiting time of 24min can be increased, namely, alpha and oxygen consumption rate can be measured once per hour.
In the concrete implementation, the sludge in the aerobic tank is transferred to the ex-situ reactor by using the submersible pump, and submerged water is adopted for water inflow, so that the difference caused by transferring the sludge and sewage can be avoided as much as possible. If water is fed from the top end, the impact caused by water drop from high place may damage the original activated sludge floc structure, and the property of the activated sludge is different from that of the activated sludge in the aerobic tank. When the sludge in the ex-situ reactor reaches the effective volume, water inflow is finished, and a stirrer is started to ensure that the ex-situ reactor is fully mixed;
After the water inlet is finished, the average dissolved concentration in the ex-situ reactor is 2.13mg/L, and the target dissolved oxygen concentration C1 is 12mg/L.
At this time, the hydrogen peroxide addition amount was calculated according to formula 10:
。
Before the first dissolved oxygen concentration was obtained, hydrogen peroxide was injected through the injection port of the ex situ reactor in two portions, e.g., in this example, 3 injection ports were injected in two portions, and the injection volume per portion was 2.8/6=0.467L. After the first batch was injected, the reading of the 20s dissolved oxygen sensor was significantly raised and the injection of the second batch was started.
When the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor reaches 12mg/L, the aeration system is closed, the stirring system is opened to enable the in-situ reactor to be in a complete mixing state, and the aeration system is closed. A dissolved oxygen concentration period acquisition is carried out during the period, and a first dissolved oxygen concentration is acquired, wherein the designated time period is a time period (for example, 5 minutes) when the dissolved oxygen concentration is reduced from 12mg/L to 10 mg/L; in the example provided by the present invention, the data for the first dissolved oxygen concentration is shown in fig. 4, and the dissolved oxygen decreases almost linearly with time over a period of 5 minutes.
After the first dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained, after the dissolved oxygen concentration of the ex-situ reactor is reduced to be lower than the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration, an aeration system is opened to acquire the dissolved oxygen concentration in a period, and the second dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained, wherein the designated time length at the moment is based on the requirement of meeting the fitting precision, namely the shortest time length of fitting verification of the corresponding dissolved oxygen curve, for example, the designated time length is set to be 20 minutes, the fitting precision is enough, and the steady state is not converged yet.
In this example, the dissolved oxygen concentration was reduced to below the saturated dissolved concentration (9 mg/L in this example), the blower was turned on, the stirrer was turned off, and a second dissolved oxygen concentration was obtained by aeration for 20 minutes and collection of the dissolved oxygen concentration period, and after 20 minutes the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the ex-situ reactor was reduced to about 5.8mg/L, during which the absolute value of the slope of the dissolved oxygen reduction curve was continuously reduced, and the change of the second dissolved oxygen concentration over time was as shown in FIG. 5.
After the period of the dissolved oxygen concentration of the sewage is collected, the water in the ex-situ reactor is emptied and the next measuring period is waited, and during the period, the aeration head in the ex-situ reactor is cleaned once every two weeks, so that the measurement error (namely F factor) caused by the attenuation of the aeration capacity due to the scaling of the aeration head can be avoided.
The invention also provides a collection method for acquiring the clear water related data, which comprises the following steps: collecting the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 of clear water and collecting the third dissolved oxygen concentration:
Before the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 of clear water is obtained, the ex-situ reactor is cleaned before the clear water is filled, the clean ex-situ reactor is filled with clear water, the volume of the clear water is equal to the effective volume of the ex-situ reactor, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the clear water is measured to be used as the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 of the clear water, the unit is mg/L, and the readings of three DO sensors during measurement are respectively: 8.71, 8.25 and 8.34, the average dissolved oxygen concentration of clear water C 0 = 8.43mg/L.
Sodium sulfite is added into an ex-situ reactor, and the control algorithm of the addition amount is as follows:
（11），
Wherein, The mass (Kg) of sodium sulfite was added.
In this example, the calculated sodium sulfite dosage is:
。
After full stirring, when the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor reaches 0mg/L, opening an aeration system to start aeration, and when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the ex-situ reactor reaches 0.5mg/L, carrying out dissolved oxygen concentration periodic acquisition to obtain a third dissolved oxygen concentration, wherein the designated period is 10 minutes;
In this embodiment: adding sodium sulfite, turning on a stirrer, fully mixing, respectively reading the three DO sensors to be 0.21, 0.19 and 0.19, turning off the stirrer, turning on an aeration system and starting the collection of the dissolved oxygen concentration period, aerating for 10min, and stopping aeration when the dissolved oxygen concentration reaches about 7 mg/L. The collection time corresponding to 10 minutes at this time and the three DO sensor readings form a third dissolved oxygen concentration, with the average of the readings shown in FIG. 3.
Step S130: loading an alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, wherein the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is used for calculating the oxygen consumption rate and the alpha factor through the sewage standard oxygen transfer rate and the clear water standard oxygen transfer rate;
The first dissolved oxygen concentration and the second dissolved oxygen concentration acquired through the dissolved oxygen concentration period in the step S120 are used for calculating the sewage standard oxygen transfer rate, and the third dissolved oxygen concentration is used for calculating the clear water standard oxygen transfer rate.
Specifically, before loading the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, step S100 is executed to build the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, including:
step S101: a parameter relationship is determined and a parameter relationship is determined,
In the present invention, the parameter relationship that is satisfied in determining the change in the dissolved oxygen concentration is expressed as:
（12），
Wherein, Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient (unit h -1) in actual process, R is oxygen consumption rate (mgO/L/h),/>Is the current dissolved oxygen concentration,/>Is saturated dissolved oxygen concentration;
In general, the oxygen consumption rate R is a function of the nutrient concentration, dissolved oxygen concentration, biological concentration, temperature, pH, but in the case of the present invention, the nutrient concentration, biological concentration, temperature, pH do not change much in a short time, and can be regarded approximately as a constant, and therefore, the oxygen consumption rate R is only related to the dissolved oxygen concentration, and the oxygen consumption rate R measuring method is expressed as:
（13），
Wherein K is the half-saturation constant of R with respect to dissolved oxygen, R max is the theoretical maximum oxygen consumption rate (mg/L/h), For saturated dissolved oxygen concentrations, which are typically temperature dependent, can be determined by look-up tables.
Step S102: determining a fitting stage, and calculating and obtaining the oxygen consumption transfer rate of the sewage;
In the parameter relation of step S101, 、/>/>Fitting is required, and the accuracy of fitting three parameters is far lower than that of fitting two parameters, so in the invention, the optimal value solving of the three parameters is divided into two stages: fitting and calculating R max by combining the first dissolved oxygen concentration to obtain optimal R max, and combining the second dissolved oxygen concentration to/>And K fitting calculation to obtain the optimal/>；
The specific requirements are as follows:
1) The optimal R max is obtained by fitting the R max to the first dissolved oxygen concentration:
In the process of collecting the first dissolved oxygen concentration, the change of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the ex-situ reactor is only related to the aerobic respiration of microorganisms, so that the differential of the oxygen consumption rate R measuring and calculating method can be obtained:
（14），
since the dissolved oxygen concentration is higher at this time, C/(k+c) is larger than 0.95 (calculated as the common parameter k=0.5 mg/L, when c=12 mg/L, C/(k+c) =0.96), equation 14 can be approximated as:
(15) Wherein the first dissolved oxygen concentration is an array of C and t.
At this time, according to formula 13, the optimal oxygen consumption rate value R can be calculated:。
In the step, only one parameter needs to be fitted, so that the accuracy of parameter fitting is greatly improved, and the measuring and calculating precision of the oxygen consumption speed value R is further improved. In the existing common technology, the oxygen consumption rate is measured according to the concentration of dissolved oxygen in an aerobic tank, and the oxygen consumption rate cannot be measured and calculated in the process of improving the concentration of the dissolved oxygen, so that the influence of a half-saturation constant K on the oxygen consumption rate is larger.
After the first dissolved oxygen concentration is collected, the second dissolved oxygen concentration is collected after the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor is reduced below the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration, and although the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration is not a clear dividing line, the dynamics of dissolved oxygen dissipation of supersaturated water and the aeration dynamics are different, so that the data lower than the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration, namely the second dissolved oxygen concentration, are used for carrying out subsequent fitting in order to ensure more accurate measurement.
2) Combining the second dissolved oxygen concentration pairAnd K fitting treatment to obtain the optimal/>：
The differential equation is derived according to equation 12 as follows:
（16），
wherein the second dissolved oxygen concentration is an array of C and t, since the optimum value has been obtained, Can be regarded as a known constant.
The step can be implemented by performing parameter fitting through the cut_fit function of scipy library of python, and setting when in implementation、/>Initial values of (2) are 10 and 0.5, respectively.
Fitting out the actualI.e. pass/>Calculation/>Finally, the alpha factor is converted, and the specific calculation steps are as follows: :
First calculate ：/>（17），
Wherein,Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient at 20℃,/>As the temperature influence factor, 1.024 is generally taken;
secondly, obtaining the oxygen consumption transfer rate of the sewage The calculation method comprises the following steps:
（18），
Wherein: generally take 0.99 +/> The clean water is saturated with dissolved oxygen at 20 ℃ and one standard atmospheric pressure, and V is the volume of the ex-situ reactor;
Finally converted into alpha factor: （19），
Wherein, Is the standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water,/>Oxygen transfer rate for sewage.
To obtain the exact alpha factor, standard oxygen transfer rate in clear waterIs indispensable. In most of the current measurement schemes,/>Data provided for the manufacturer, but as the actual situation changes,/>There is a large variation in the value of (c). Due to the continuity of operation of the sewage plant, the in situ method cannot be realized/>The ex-situ measurement method provided by the invention can flexibly and simply measure/>And based thereon, accurately calculates the alpha factor. /(I)Can be measured at a relatively low frequency, typically once a year or more.
Step S103: obtaining standard oxygen transfer rate of clear waterComprising the following steps:
firstly, obtaining the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 and the third dissolved oxygen concentration of clear water;
second, a third dissolved oxygen concentration pair is combined Fitting to obtain the optimal/>The calculation method comprises the following steps:（20），
Wherein, The third dissolved oxygen concentration is an array formed by C and t;
Calculating standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water The calculation method is expressed as follows:
(21) Wherein/> The clean water saturation dissolved oxygen at 20 ℃ and one standard atmospheric pressure, V is the ex-situ reactor volume,/>Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient at 20℃, and(22) Wherein/>Is a temperature influencing factor.
Step S104: the numerical value of the alpha factor is calculated, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:（23）；
According to the embodiment provided by the invention, the method can be calculated as follows: 。
The data structure of dissolved oxygen in the period of the above alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is: sampling time, D1,..and Dn, wherein Dn is a value obtained by n probes, and sampling time is sampling interval duration x sampling times, as shown in the following table:
time is classified into acquisition (0 seconds) immediately after start, 10×1 (10 seconds apart, first Time), and 10×2 (10 seconds apart, second Time).
Step S140: and transferring the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period into an alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model to generate a calculated value of the alpha factor and the oxygen consumption rate.
In the example provided by the present invention, a third dissolved oxygen concentration (as shown in FIG. 2) was fitted using the cut_fit function of scipy, and it was obtained；
Using equation 22, we calculate:；
then, using equation 21, it is calculated that: ；
The value is the standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water, can be used as a basic value for a long time, and is measured again after the aeration system of the sewage plant is updated;
On the other hand, equation 15 was fitted using the scipy cut_fit function and the first dissolved oxygen concentration (as shown in FIG. 3) data to obtain =21.71mg/L/h；
Using scipy's cut_fit function and second dissolved oxygen concentration (as shown in fig. 4) data, and substituting rmax=21.71 first into equation 16, fitting to obtain，K=0.305mg/L；
Next, it is calculated using equation 17:
；
calculated using equation 18:
；
finally, calculated using equation 23: 。
The invention adopts the data sampling method of ex-situ measurement, so that the measurement process is more flexible, the measurement error caused by scaling can be avoided by cleaning the aeration head regularly, the clear water standard SOTR of the aeration equipment can be accurately measured, and the accuracy of the final alpha factor measurement is further improved instead of relying on the numerical value provided by manufacturers; on the other hand, the dissolved oxygen concentration in different stages is acquired by a dynamic dissolved oxygen concentration periodic acquisition mode, so that the oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor can be measured in the same equipment; in the process of periodically collecting the concentration of the dissolved oxygen, the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is quickly increased by using hydrogen peroxide, and the oxygen consumption rate is measured at first under the condition of high concentration, so that the influence of a half-saturation constant can be effectively reduced, and the oxygen consumption rate measurement precision is improved; in the fitting calculation process, the fitting precision of the differential equation is effectively improved by using an oxygen consumption rate and SOTR double-section measurement method; the data lower than the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration is used for fitting, so that the problem that the mechanism of the change of the dissolved oxygen of the supersaturated water is different from that of the change of the aerated dissolved oxygen is avoided, and the measuring and calculating precision is improved.
The above disclosure is only a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be thought by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for measuring and calculating the oxygen consumption rate and alpha factor of the ex-situ sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Deploying a computing environment, comprising: collecting basic environmental parameters of an aerobic tank, setting an ex-situ reactor structure according to the basic environmental parameters, and deploying an ex-situ reactor according to the ex-situ reactor structure, wherein the deploying the ex-situ reactor comprises installing n dissolved oxygen sensors and injection ports on the ex-situ reactor;
acquiring the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period through the periodic collection of the concentration of the dissolved oxygen, wherein the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the period comprises a first concentration of the dissolved oxygen, a second concentration of the dissolved oxygen and a third concentration of the dissolved oxygen;
loading an alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, wherein the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is used for calculating the alpha factor through the sewage standard oxygen transfer rate and the clear water standard oxygen transfer rate; the first dissolved oxygen concentration and the second dissolved oxygen concentration are used for calculating the standard oxygen transfer rate of sewage, and the third dissolved oxygen concentration is used for calculating the standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water;
transmitting the dissolved oxygen concentration in the period into the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model to generate a calculated value of the alpha factor and the oxygen consumption rate;
wherein, the period collection of the dissolved oxygen concentration refers to: and obtaining the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ sensor within a specified time period through the dissolved oxygen sensor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to loading the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model, establishing the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model comprises:
determining a parameter relationship, wherein the parameter relationship satisfied by the change in the dissolved oxygen concentration is expressed as:
Wherein/> Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient in actual process, R is oxygen consumption rate, and/>Wherein K is the half-saturation constant of R with respect to dissolved oxygen, R max is the theoretical maximum oxygen consumption rate,/>Is the current dissolved oxygen concentration,/>Is saturated dissolved oxygen concentration;
determining a fitting stage, and calculating and obtaining the oxygen consumption transfer rate of the sewage; wherein the fitting phase comprises: fitting and calculating R max by combining the first dissolved oxygen concentration pair to obtain optimal R max, and combining the second dissolved oxygen concentration pair And K fitting calculation to obtain the optimal/>；
Obtaining oxygen consumption transfer rateThe calculation method comprises the following steps: /(I)Wherein: Wherein/> Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient at 20℃,/>Is a temperature influencing factor;
Obtaining standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water ；
The numerical value of the alpha factor is calculated, and the calculation method comprises the following steps:。
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the calculating method for obtaining the optimal R max by fitting the first dissolved oxygen concentration to R max comprises:
Defining a theoretical maximum oxygen consumption rate R max to satisfy the differential equation: ，
Wherein the first dissolved oxygen concentration is an array formed by C and t;
combining the second dissolved oxygen concentration pair And K fitting treatment to obtain the optimal/>The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
The differential equation is determined as: ，
Wherein the second dissolved oxygen concentration is an array of C and t.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the standard oxygen transfer rate of clean water is obtainedComprising the following steps:
Obtaining the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 and the third dissolved oxygen concentration of clear water;
Combining the third dissolved oxygen concentration pair Fitting to obtain the optimal/>The calculation method of (1) is as follows: Wherein/> The apparent volume mass transfer coefficient of clear water is given, and C is the third dissolved oxygen concentration;
Calculating standard oxygen transfer rate of clear water The calculation method is expressed as follows:
Wherein/> The clean water saturation dissolved oxygen at 20 ℃ and one standard atmospheric pressure, V is the ex-situ reactor volume,/>Is apparent volume mass transfer coefficient at 20℃, andWherein/>Is a temperature influencing factor.
5. The method of measuring according to claim 1, wherein;
Before the first dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained, injecting hydrogen peroxide through an injection port of the ex-situ reactor, closing an aeration system when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the ex-situ reactor reaches 12mg/L, starting a stirring system to enable the in-situ reactor to be in a complete mixing state, and collecting the dissolved oxygen concentration periodically to obtain the first dissolved oxygen concentration, wherein the designated time is the time when the dissolved oxygen concentration is reduced from 12mg/L to 10 mg/L;
After the first dissolved oxygen concentration is obtained, opening an aeration system to acquire the dissolved oxygen concentration period after the dissolved oxygen concentration of the ex-situ reactor is reduced to be lower than the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration, and obtaining the second dissolved oxygen concentration, wherein the designated duration is 20 minutes.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein,
Before the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 of the clean water is obtained, filling the clean water in the clean ex-situ reactor to ensure that the volume of the clean water is equal to the effective volume of the ex-situ reactor, and measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration in the clean water as the average dissolved oxygen concentration C 0 of the clean water;
And adding sodium sulfite into the ex-situ reactor, fully stirring, opening an aeration system when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor reaches 0mg/L, and collecting the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor for a period of time when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the ex-situ reactor reaches 0.5mg/L to obtain a third concentration of the dissolved oxygen, wherein the designated period is 10 minutes.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the basic environmental parameters of the aerobic tank include: total air supply of aerobic tankDensity of supplied gas/>Aeration head density/>Total volume of aerobic tank/>Total aeration head number of aerobic tankAerobic pool bottom area/>Effective depth of aerobic tank/>；
Setting an ex situ reactor configuration according to the basic environmental parameters comprises:
determining the number of aeration heads in an ex-situ reactor And ex situ reactor floor area/>The calculation method comprises the following steps:；
Determination of ex situ reactor diameter The calculation method is that/(。
8. The measurement method according to claim 1, wherein n dissolved oxygen concentration values obtained by the n dissolved oxygen sensors at the time of the periodic collection of the dissolved oxygen concentration include: n individual sensor readings, expressed as; The average value of n individual sensor readings, C, is expressed as: Wherein/> A dissolved oxygen concentration value obtained for the nth dissolved oxygen sensor.
9. The method of measuring and calculating according to claim 1, wherein said installing n dissolved oxygen sensors and injection ports on said ex situ reactor comprises: arranging n sensors along the depth direction of the ex-situ reactor, wherein the probes of the sensors are vertically upwards arranged at 1/(n+1),. The n/(n+1); and n injection ports are arranged at the symmetrical positions of the probe along the circle center.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is implemented by python's scipy library;
The data structure of the dissolved oxygen in the period of the alpha factor and oxygen consumption rate calculation model is as follows: sampling time, D1,..dn, where Dn is the number of samples acquired by n probes, and sampling time is the sampling interval duration x the number of samples.
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