CN118147496A - Die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118147496A CN118147496A CN202410391994.8A CN202410391994A CN118147496A CN 118147496 A CN118147496 A CN 118147496A CN 202410391994 A CN202410391994 A CN 202410391994A CN 118147496 A CN118147496 A CN 118147496A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- die
- aluminum alloy
- casting
- alloy sheet
- automobile chassis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZALMZWWJQXBYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[Cl] Chemical compound [N].[Cl] ZALMZWWJQXBYQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis and a preparation method thereof, relates to the field of die casting of aluminum alloy sheets, and particularly relates to a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis mainly comprises the steps of preparing raw materials, smelting, refining and degassing, wherein the alloy element composition comprises ：Si：0.20～0.50％,Fe：0.40～0.60％,Cu：3.00～4.40％,Mn：0.55～1.15％,Mg：2.00～2.90％,Cr：0.02～0.04％,Zn：0.20～0.30％,Ti：0.03～0.06％,Zr：0.15～0.20％, and the balance of Al; and carrying out vacuum die casting and blank post-treatment on the aluminum alloy molten metal. The method can reduce the manufacturing cost, improve the production efficiency, improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the aluminum alloy sheet, and is suitable for an automobile chassis to meet the light-weight requirement of an automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of die-casting aluminum plates for automobiles, in particular to a method for manufacturing a high-strength die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis.
Background
With the development of light weight of automobiles, aluminum is used for replacing steel to gradually become the main stream of the automobile industry, and the aluminum is highly valued in the automobile industry at home and abroad. The safety performance of automobiles is greatly affected by structural members thereof, and the structural members are generally characterized by large size, thin wall and the like. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the driving of the automobile, it is important to ensure the mechanical properties of these structural members.
At present, the aluminum alloy structural member needs to be subjected to complicated processing technologies such as rough rolling, finish rolling, sawing and washing, even heat treatment and the like during manufacturing, and the difficulty in processing the aluminum alloy is high, the energy consumption is high, the production period is long, and the production efficiency is low.
CN112746202a discloses an aluminum alloy sheet and a method for producing the same, which comprises, based on the total amount of aluminum alloy, 1.4 to 1.5% by weight of Si,0.1 to 0.4% by weight of Fe,0 to 0.2% by weight of Cu,0.03 to 0.17% by weight of Mn,0.63 to 0.68% by weight of Mg,0.1 to 0.15% by weight of Cr,0.01 to 0.02% by weight of Ti,0 to 0.10% by weight of Zn, and the balance being Al. The manufacturing method improves the stamping formability and the bake hardenability of the alloy plate, but is complex, and the aluminum alloy needs to be annealed and pre-aged, so that the production period is long and the production efficiency is low.
The method has the advantages that the element proportion of the aluminum alloy thin-wall structural member and the production process are optimized to a certain extent in the prior art, but a series of problems such as low production efficiency still exist; meanwhile, when the aluminum alloy structural member is manufactured by the existing die casting process, the cooling speed is extremely high, the fluidity of the aluminum alloy melt is poor, the melt is difficult to fill, the molding difficulty of the aluminum alloy structural member is high, and the mechanical property of the molded structural member is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the invention is as follows: according to the application development trend of the aluminum alloy material for the automobile, the invention provides a method for obtaining a high-strength aluminum alloy sheet through die casting. The aluminum alloy sheet prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has excellent mechanical property and low production energy consumption, is suitable for being used as an automobile chassis, and meets the requirement of automobile light weight.
In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a die-casting aluminum alloy, wherein the die-casting aluminum alloy has a chemical composition of ：Si：0.20～0.50％,Fe：0.40～0.60％,Cu：3.00～4.40％,Mn：0.55～1.15％,Mg：2.00～2.90％,Cr：0.02～0.04％,Zn：0.20～0.30％,Ti：0.03～0.06％,Zr：0.15～0.20％,% by weight and the balance of Al.
In the technical scheme, by introducing an alloy element Zr into the aluminum alloy, the alloy element Zr can react with aluminum to form an Al 3 Zr compound which serves as a heterogeneous nucleation site of aluminum grains, so that the grain size is remarkably refined. Zr forms an active interface with aluminum in a high-temperature environment, which is beneficial to reducing the generation of oxides and other impurities on the surface of the molten metal, thereby reducing the surface tension and effectively improving the fluidity of the high-temperature molten aluminum. Meanwhile, the introduction of Zr ensures that interdendritic liquid is fully fed during solidification, thereby reducing the formation of gaps and defects, greatly reducing the risk of cracks, and enhancing the safety factor of automobile running. Although Zr exhibits a remarkable strengthening effect in an aluminum alloy, an excessively high content may have a negative effect. When the Zr content is too high, it may cause precipitation of a hard brittle phase of Zr 5Al3 featuring a close-packed hexagonal crystal structure in the crystal or among the crystals. When the phase is subjected to larger stress, the cross-crystal fracture and the inter-crystal fracture can be simultaneously initiated, so that the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy is obviously reduced. Therefore, reasonable optimization of Zr content is critical to the design of future high strength aluminum alloys. Compared with other rare earth elements such as Sc and Y, the Zr has equivalent strengthening effect and relatively lower price, and simultaneously can ensure that the high-temperature aluminum alloy solution has better fluidity, ensure the formability of the die-casting sheet and effectively improve the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy sheet at room temperature.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis, comprising the following steps:
in one possible implementation, smelting is performed: the intermediate alloy containing Zr, aluminum ingots, aluminum alloy industrial waste materials and the like are separately placed into a smelting furnace for smelting, the two are mixed after being uniformly smelted, the smelting temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 730-760 ℃, the smelting temperature of aluminum liquid in the whole smelting process is not allowed to exceed 760 ℃, and the aluminum alloy is continuously stirred in the smelting process to remove scum, so that the initial aluminum alloy metal liquid is obtained.
In the technical scheme, smelting is carried out separately, so as to ensure the uniformity of the alloy; the smelting temperature in the furnace is strictly controlled, so as to reduce the hydrogen absorption and oxidation of the melt, reduce the oxide content, control the melt structure, ensure the mechanical property of the die-cast aluminum alloy sheet, strictly control the smelting time in the furnace, and avoid the continuous proceeding of chemical reaction so as to deteriorate the melt structure.
In one possible implementation, refining degassing is performed: and (3) guiding the obtained aluminum alloy metal liquid into a melting furnace for refining, wherein the refining temperature is 725-750 ℃, the refining time is 75-150 min, during the refining, nitrogen and chlorine mixed gas is introduced, the chlorine accounts for about 3% of the total gas content, the nitrogen flow is 5-6.5 m 3/h, the chlorine flow is 0.1-0.25 m 3/h, the hydrogen content is controlled within 0.15ml/100g Al, the inclusion content is controlled within 0.20mm 2/kg, and finally, slag skimming and standing are carried out, the standing time is 30-60 min, and the refining is completed.
In the technical scheme, nitrogen, chlorine and products thereof have refining effect, and can decompose part of aluminum oxide.
In one possible implementation, a mold filling preparation is performed: and in the process of finishing refining, the metal die-casting die is subjected to die assembly and die locking, gas in the internal pressure chamber and the cavity of the die-casting die is pumped out, the die is preheated to 150-200 ℃, and the die is waited for filling of the aluminum alloy molten metal.
In the technical scheme, the die is preheated, so that the thermal stress generated by rapid temperature change in the die casting process of the aluminum alloy can be effectively reduced, the fluidity of the aluminum alloy is improved, and the defects of air holes, shrinkage porosity and the like are reduced. In addition, the method is also beneficial to reducing the thermal stress of the die, so that the service life of the die is prolonged.
In one possible implementation, die casting is performed: pouring a certain amount of aluminum alloy metal liquid into a pressing chamber of a die casting machine, pressing the aluminum alloy metal liquid into a metal die at a die filling speed of 34-42 m/s, keeping the pressure for 130-150 s after die casting and die filling are finished, unlocking and separating the die from the metal die, ejecting a casting to obtain an aluminum alloy sheet blank, and resetting the die.
In the technical scheme, as the average thickness of the casting to be obtained is 4mm, the mold filling speed is selected according to experience and recommended values to be 34-42 m/s, and the mold filling time is 0.040-0.060 s, the mold filling speed is selected to improve the surface quality of the casting and the mechanical property of the casting, and the mold filling time is selected to avoid oxidizing slag from forming in the area where air is not completely removed, so that the gradual forming effect is improved.
In one possible implementation, the workblank post-treatment is performed: and degating and deburring the obtained aluminum alloy sheet blank, and detecting quality aspects such as complete structure, qualified size, casting defects and the like. And (3) carrying out post-treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet blank meeting the quality detection standard, and polishing all the matching surfaces, the contact surfaces and all the parts until the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis has the beneficial effects that:
1. Compared with the traditional automobile part manufacturing process, the manufacturing process has the advantages that the process flow is shorter, the manufacturing cost is lower, the aluminum alloy sheet can be formed at one time without heat treatment, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the aluminum alloy sheet with higher yield strength, tensile strength and elongation rate can be obtained.
2. The invention adopts a vacuum die casting method, effectively reduces the defects of easy generation of air holes, pinholes and the like of the casting, reduces the problems of foaming on the surface of the casting, serious deformation and even cracking of complex positions of the casting, and solves the problems of post-treatment, high production cost and long manufacturing period of the traditional process. The production period of the castings is greatly shortened, the quality of the castings is improved, and the production cost is reduced by a vacuum die casting method.
3. The invention does not need heat treatment for producing the aluminum alloy sheet, reduces energy consumption in the heat treatment process, reduces manufacturing cost and avoids deformation of the aluminum alloy sheet in the heat treatment process.
4. The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis, which is prepared by the technical scheme of the invention, has higher yield strength (more than 250 MPa) and tensile strength (more than 300 MPa) and higher elongation (the elongation is more than or equal to 15%).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a graph comparing yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation of examples 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below in connection with the methods of implementation.
Example 1:
The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.251%, fe:0.453%, cu:3.413%, mn:0.674%, mg:2.859%, cr:0.027%, zn:0.218%, ti:0.038%, zr:0.152% and the balance Al.
Example 2:
The embodiment 1 of the invention relates to a preparation method of a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis, which comprises the following detailed steps: .
1) Smelting: the intermediate alloy containing Zr, aluminum ingots, aluminum alloy industrial waste materials and the like are separately placed into a smelting furnace for smelting, the two are mixed after being uniformly smelted, the smelting temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 735 ℃, the smelting temperature of aluminum liquid in the whole smelting process is controlled to be within 760 ℃, and the aluminum alloy is continuously stirred in the smelting process to remove scum, so that the initial aluminum alloy metal liquid is obtained.
2) Refining and degassing: and (3) guiding the obtained aluminum alloy metal liquid into a melting furnace for refining, wherein the refining time is 75min, the refining temperature is 725 ℃, during which, nitrogen and chlorine mixed gas is introduced for refining, chlorine accounts for about 3% of the total gas content, the nitrogen flow is 5.2m 3/h, the chlorine flow is 0.18m 3/h, the hydrogen content is controlled within 0.15ml/100g Al, the inclusion content is controlled within 0.20mm 2/kg, and finally, slag skimming and standing are carried out for 35min, and the refining is completed.
3) Filling and preparing: when the refining is about to be completed, the die casting die is closed and locked, the gas in the internal pressure chamber and the cavity of the die casting die is pumped out, the die is preheated to 160 ℃, and the die is waited for filling the aluminum alloy molten metal.
4) And (3) die casting: and pouring a certain amount of aluminum alloy metal liquid into a pressing chamber of a die casting machine, pressing the aluminum alloy metal liquid into a metal mold at a mold filling speed of 36m/s, wherein the mold filling time is 0.042s, after the die casting mold filling is finished, maintaining the pressure for 130s, unlocking the metal mold, separating the mold, ejecting a casting, obtaining an aluminum alloy sheet blank, and resetting the mold.
5) Post-processing of blanks: and degating and deburring the obtained aluminum alloy sheet blank, and detecting quality aspects such as complete structure, qualified size, casting defects and the like. And (3) carrying out post-treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet blank meeting the quality detection standard, and polishing all the matching surfaces, the contact surfaces and all the parts until the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
6) Performance test: the room temperature tensile test samples were processed according to the standard of GB/T228.1-2021 and the materials were subjected to a tensile test on a WDW-100E universal tensile tester at Shandong university of architecture, wherein the tensile speed was set at 1mm/s.
Finally, the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention has the yield strength of 268MPa, the tensile strength of 335MPa and the elongation of more than or equal to 16.8 percent.
Example 3:
The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.368%, fe:0.503%, cu:3.683%, mn:0.886%, mg:2.123%, cr:0.021%, zn:0.256%, ti:0.034%, zr:0.198%, the balance being Al.
Example 4:
The embodiment 3 of the invention relates to a preparation method of a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis, which comprises the following detailed steps:
1) Smelting: the intermediate alloy containing Zr, aluminum ingots, aluminum alloy industrial waste materials and the like are separately placed into a smelting furnace for smelting, the two are mixed after being uniformly smelted, the smelting temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 740 ℃, the smelting temperature of aluminum liquid in the whole smelting process is controlled to be less than 760 ℃, and the aluminum alloy is continuously stirred in the smelting process to remove scum, so that the initial aluminum alloy metal liquid is obtained.
2) Refining and degassing: and (3) guiding the obtained aluminum alloy metal liquid into a melting furnace for refining, wherein the refining time is 100min, the refining temperature is 730 ℃, during which, nitrogen and chlorine mixed gas is introduced for refining, chlorine accounts for about 3% of the total gas content, the nitrogen flow is 5.5m 3/h, the chlorine flow is 0.20m 3/h, the hydrogen content is controlled within 0.15ml/100g Al, the inclusion content is controlled within 0.20mm 2/kg, and finally, slag skimming and standing are carried out for 50min, and the refining is completed.
3) Filling and preparing: when the refining is about to be completed, the die casting die is closed and locked, the gas in the internal pressure chamber and the cavity of the die casting die is pumped out, the die is preheated to 180 ℃, and the die is waited for filling the aluminum alloy molten metal.
4) And (3) die casting: and (3) pouring a certain amount of aluminum alloy metal liquid into a pressing chamber of a die casting machine, pressing the aluminum alloy metal liquid into a metal mold at a mold filling speed of 39m/s, wherein the mold filling time is 0.052s, after the die casting mold filling is finished, maintaining the pressure for 140s, unlocking the metal mold, separating the mold, ejecting a casting, obtaining an aluminum alloy sheet blank, and resetting the mold.
5) Post-processing of blanks: and degating and deburring the obtained aluminum alloy sheet blank, and detecting quality aspects such as complete structure, qualified size, casting defects and the like. And (3) carrying out post-treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet blank meeting the quality detection standard, and polishing all the matching surfaces, the contact surfaces and all the parts until the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
6) Performance test: the room temperature tensile test samples were processed according to the standard of GB/T228.1-2021 and the materials were subjected to a tensile test on a WDW-100E universal tensile tester at Shandong university of architecture, wherein the tensile speed was set at 1mm/s.
Finally, the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis prepared in the embodiment 4 of the invention has the yield strength of 281MPa, the tensile strength of 321MPa and the elongation of more than or equal to 17.9 percent.
Example 5:
The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.429%, fe:0.532%, cu:4.231%, mn:1.008%, mg:2.413%, cr:0.036%, zn:0.267%, ti:0.052%, zr 0.183%, and the balance of Al.
Example 6:
the embodiment 5 of the invention relates to a preparation method of a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis, which comprises the following detailed steps:
1) Smelting: the intermediate alloy containing Zr, aluminum ingots, aluminum alloy industrial waste materials and the like are separately placed into a smelting furnace for smelting, the two are mixed after being uniformly smelted, the smelting temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 755 ℃, the smelting temperature of aluminum liquid in the whole smelting process is controlled to be within 760 ℃, and the aluminum alloy is continuously stirred in the smelting process to remove scum, so that the initial aluminum alloy metal liquid is obtained.
2) Refining and degassing: and (3) guiding the obtained aluminum alloy metal liquid into a melting furnace for refining, wherein the refining time is 135min, the refining temperature is 747 ℃, during the refining, nitrogen and chlorine mixed gas is introduced, the chlorine accounts for about 3% of the total gas content, the nitrogen flow is 6.0m 3/h, the chlorine flow is 0.21m 3/h, the hydrogen content is controlled within 0.15ml/100g Al, the inclusion content is controlled within 0.20mm 2/kg, and finally, slag skimming and standing are carried out for 55min, so that the refining is completed.
3) Filling and preparing: when the refining is about to be completed, the die casting die is closed and locked, the gas in the internal pressure chamber and the cavity of the die casting die is pumped out, the die is preheated to 190 ℃, and the die is waited for filling the aluminum alloy molten metal.
4) And (3) die casting: and (3) pouring a certain amount of aluminum alloy metal liquid into a pressing chamber of a die casting machine, pressing the aluminum alloy metal liquid into a metal mold at a mold filling speed of 41m/s, wherein the mold filling time is 0.058s, maintaining the pressure for 150s after the die casting mold filling is finished, unlocking the metal mold to separate the mold, ejecting a casting to obtain an aluminum alloy sheet blank, and resetting the mold.
5) Post-processing of blanks: and degating and deburring the obtained aluminum alloy sheet blank, and detecting quality aspects such as complete structure, qualified size, casting defects and the like. And (3) carrying out post-treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet blank meeting the quality detection standard, and polishing all the matching surfaces, the contact surfaces and all the parts until the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
6) Performance test: the room temperature tensile test samples were processed according to the standard of GB/T228.1-2021 and the materials were subjected to a tensile test on a WDW-100E universal tensile tester at Shandong university of architecture, wherein the tensile speed was set at 1mm/s.
Finally, the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis prepared in the embodiment 6 of the invention has the yield strength of 285MPa, the tensile strength of 352MPa and the elongation of more than or equal to 15.9 percent.
Comparative example 1:
The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.382%, fe:0.513%, cu:3.875%, mn:0.782%, mg:2.873%, cr:0.021%, zn:0.269%, ti:0.037%, zr 0.362%, and the balance Al.
Comparative example 2:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis, which comprises the following detailed steps:
1) Smelting: the intermediate alloy containing Zr, aluminum ingots, aluminum alloy industrial waste materials and the like are separately placed into a smelting furnace for smelting, the two are mixed after being uniformly smelted, the smelting temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 745 ℃, the smelting temperature of aluminum liquid in the whole smelting process is controlled to be less than 760 ℃, and the aluminum alloy is continuously stirred in the smelting process to remove scum, so that the initial aluminum alloy metal liquid is obtained.
2) Refining and degassing: and (3) guiding the obtained aluminum alloy metal liquid into a melting furnace for refining, wherein the refining time is 95min, the refining temperature is 738 ℃, during which, nitrogen and chlorine mixed gas is introduced for refining, chlorine accounts for about 3% of the total gas content, the nitrogen flow is 6.5m 3/h, the chlorine flow is 0.25m 3/h, the hydrogen content is controlled within 0.15ml/100g Al, the inclusion content is controlled within 0.20mm2/kg, and finally, slag skimming and standing are carried out for 40min, and the refining is completed.
3) Filling and preparing: when the refining is about to be completed, the die casting die is closed and locked, the gas in the internal pressure chamber and the cavity of the die casting die is pumped out, the die is preheated to 200 ℃, and the die is waited for filling the aluminum alloy molten metal.
4) And (3) die casting: and (3) pouring a certain amount of aluminum alloy metal liquid into a pressing chamber of a die casting machine, pressing the aluminum alloy metal liquid into a metal mold at a mold filling speed of 40m/s, wherein the mold filling time is 0.052s, maintaining the pressure for 150s after the die casting mold filling is finished, unlocking the metal mold to separate the mold, ejecting a casting to obtain an aluminum alloy sheet blank, and resetting the mold.
5) Post-processing of blanks: and degating and deburring the obtained aluminum alloy sheet blank, and detecting quality aspects such as complete structure, qualified size, casting defects and the like. And (3) carrying out post-treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet blank meeting the quality detection standard, and polishing all the matching surfaces, the contact surfaces and all the parts until the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
6) Performance test: the room temperature tensile test samples were processed according to the standard of GB/T228.1-2021 and the materials were subjected to a tensile test on a WDW-100E universal tensile tester at Shandong university of architecture, wherein the tensile speed was set at 1mm/s.
Finally, the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis prepared in comparative example 2 has yield strength of 162MPa, tensile strength of 208MPa and elongation of more than or equal to 7.3%.
Comparative example 3:
The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.361%, fe:0.509%, cu:3.898%, mn:0.798%, mg:2.846%, cr:0.021%, zn:0.296%, ti:0.055%, zr 0.037%, and the balance of Al.
Comparative example 4:
The invention relates to a preparation method of a die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for an automobile chassis, which comprises the following detailed steps:
1) Smelting: the intermediate alloy containing Zr, aluminum ingots, aluminum alloy industrial waste materials and the like are separately placed into a smelting furnace for smelting, the two are mixed after being uniformly smelted, the smelting temperature in the furnace is controlled to be 745 ℃, the smelting temperature of aluminum liquid in the whole smelting process is controlled to be less than 760 ℃, and the aluminum alloy is continuously stirred in the smelting process to remove scum, so that the initial aluminum alloy metal liquid is obtained.
2) Refining and degassing: and (3) guiding the obtained aluminum alloy metal liquid into a melting furnace for refining, wherein the refining time is 95min, the refining temperature is 738 ℃, during which, nitrogen and chlorine mixed gas is introduced for refining, chlorine accounts for about 3% of the total gas content, the nitrogen flow is 6.5m 3/h, the chlorine flow is 0.25m 3/h, the hydrogen content is controlled within 0.15ml/100g Al, the inclusion content is controlled within 0.20mm2/kg, and finally, slag skimming and standing are carried out for 40min, and the refining is completed.
3) Filling and preparing: when the refining is about to be completed, the die casting die is closed and locked, the gas in the internal pressure chamber and the cavity of the die casting die is pumped out, the die is preheated to 200 ℃, and the die is waited for filling the aluminum alloy molten metal.
4) And (3) die casting: and (3) pouring a certain amount of aluminum alloy metal liquid into a pressing chamber of a die casting machine, pressing the aluminum alloy metal liquid into a metal mold at a mold filling speed of 40m/s, wherein the mold filling time is 0.050s, maintaining the pressure for 150s after the die casting mold filling is finished, unlocking the metal mold, separating the mold, ejecting a casting to obtain an aluminum alloy sheet blank, and resetting the mold.
5) Post-processing of blanks: and degating and deburring the obtained aluminum alloy sheet blank, and detecting quality aspects such as complete structure, qualified size, casting defects and the like. And (3) carrying out post-treatment on the aluminum alloy sheet blank meeting the quality detection standard, and polishing all the matching surfaces, the contact surfaces and all the parts until the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
6) Performance test: the room temperature tensile test samples were processed according to the standard of GB/T228.1-2021 and the materials were subjected to a tensile test on a WDW-100E universal tensile tester at Shandong university of architecture, wherein the tensile speed was set at 1mm/s.
Finally, the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis prepared in comparative example 4 has a yield strength of 132MPa, a tensile strength of 196MPa and an elongation of 8.2%.
Table 1 shows the element contents of the examples and comparative examples, wherein the values in Table 1 are calculated as weight percentages, and the balance is Al.
TABLE 1
Table 2 shows the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the examples and comparative examples.
TABLE 2
While the foregoing describes the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without any inventive effort.
Claims (7)
1. The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis and the preparation method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing raw materials according to the alloy element composition of the die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis, smelting, refining and degassing, wherein the alloy element composition comprises ：Si：0.20～0.50％,Fe：0.40～0.60％,Cu：3.00～4.40％,Mn：0.55～1.15％,Mg：2.00～2.90％,Cr：0.02～0.04％,Zn：0.20～0.30％,Ti：0.03～0.06％,Zr：0.15～0.20％, of other single elements which are less than or equal to 0.050% by mass, the total amount of other impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.100%, and the balance is Al;
And carrying out die casting and blank post-treatment on the aluminum alloy liquid for the automobile chassis to obtain the die casting aluminum alloy sheet for the automobile chassis.
2. The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the alloy element composition comprises ：Si：0.20～0.50％,Fe：0.40～0.60％,Cu：3.00～4.40％,Mn：0.55～1.15％,Mg：2.00～2.90％,Cr：0.02～0.04％,Zn：0.20～0.30％,Ti：0.03～0.06％,Zr：0.15～0.20％, other single elements less than or equal to 0.050% by mass, the total amount of other impurity elements less than or equal to 0.100% by mass, and the balance of Al.
3. The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the smelting comprises the steps of separately putting a master alloy containing Zr, an aluminum ingot, an aluminum alloy industrial waste and the like into a smelting furnace for smelting, controlling the smelting temperature in the furnace to be 730-760 ℃, and not allowing the smelting temperature of aluminum liquid to exceed 760 ℃ in the whole smelting process.
4. The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the refining comprises introducing a nitrogen-chlorine mixed gas to refine, wherein chlorine accounts for about 3% of the total gas content, the nitrogen flow is 5-6.5 m 3/h, the chlorine flow is 0.1-0.25 m 3/h, the hydrogen content is controlled within 0.15ml/100g Al, the inclusion content is controlled within 0.20mm 2/kg, the refining temperature is 725-750 ℃, the refining time is 75-150 min, and after the refining is finished, slagging-off and standing are sequentially carried out for 30-60 min.
5. The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the die-casting comprises the steps of closing and locking a metal die-casting die, pumping out the air in an internal pressure chamber and a cavity of the die-casting die to reach a vacuum state, preheating the die to 150-200 ℃, pouring a certain amount of aluminum alloy metal liquid into a pressing chamber of a die-casting machine, pressing the aluminum alloy metal liquid into the metal die at a filling speed of 34-42 m/s, wherein the filling time is 0.040-0.060 s, maintaining the pressure for 130-150 s after the die-casting filling is finished, unlocking and separating the die of the metal die, ejecting castings to obtain an aluminum alloy sheet blank, and resetting the die.
6. The die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the post-processing of the blank comprises degating and deburring the blank, and the quality aspects of complete structure, qualified size, casting defect and the like are detected. Polishing all the matching surfaces, contact surfaces and all parts of the aluminum alloy sheet blank meeting the quality detection standard until the roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.5 mu m.
7. The die-cast aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the thickness of the die-cast aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis is 4.0.+ -. 0.05mm, the yield strength (more than 250 MPa) and the tensile strength (more than 300 MPa) are high, and the elongation (elongation not less than 15%) is high.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410391994.8A CN118147496A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410391994.8A CN118147496A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118147496A true CN118147496A (en) | 2024-06-07 |
Family
ID=91296564
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410391994.8A Pending CN118147496A (en) | 2024-04-02 | 2024-04-02 | Die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118147496A (en) |
-
2024
- 2024-04-02 CN CN202410391994.8A patent/CN118147496A/en active Pending
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105200272B (en) | A kind of extrusion casting method of wrought aluminium alloy lampshade | |
| CN103320727B (en) | Aluminum alloy medium plate preparation method | |
| CN114438380B (en) | Heat-treatment-free high-toughness AlSi aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114717455A (en) | Heat treatment-free high-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113373351A (en) | Pressure casting preparation method of aluminum alloy casting part capable of avoiding heat treatment | |
| CN115198149A (en) | Heat treatment-free die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| EP4428258A1 (en) | High strength and toughness die-casting aluminum alloy without heat treatment, preparation method and article thereof | |
| CN101376937B (en) | Squeeze casting Al-Si-Cu alloy material | |
| CN115261683A (en) | Water quenching-free high-strength and high-toughness cast Al-Si alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111394602A (en) | High-quality aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115074584A (en) | Die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN113881874A (en) | Foil blank for new energy battery and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112126828A (en) | High-mechanical-property and high-fluidity die-casting aluminum alloy for automobile structural part and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN115786783B (en) | Semi-solid die-casting aluminum alloy and application thereof | |
| CN109136672B (en) | Corrosion-resistant high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN118147496A (en) | Die-casting aluminum alloy sheet for automobile chassis and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110565014A (en) | production process of high-mirror-surface plastic die steel 1Ni3MnCuMoAl thick plate | |
| CN112280985B (en) | Method for manufacturing high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy by adopting recycled aluminum | |
| CN105603270A (en) | Die-casting aluminum alloy for engine components and production method of die-casting aluminum alloy | |
| CN111531158B (en) | Manufacturing method of high-strength scouring-resistant stopper rod for continuous casting | |
| CN111519053A (en) | High-performance wide-width aluminum alloy plate shape forming method | |
| CN117431423B (en) | Aluminum alloy plate for pop-top can body and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN116590582A (en) | Heat-treatment-free high-strength aluminum-silicon alloy for gravity casting and preparation method thereof | |
| CN116083757B (en) | Crust breaking hammer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114836658B (en) | Aluminum-based composite material and semi-solid preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |