CN118137709A

CN118137709A - Closed reluctance motor

Info

Publication number: CN118137709A
Application number: CN202410297236.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 武思军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2024-03-05
Filing date: 2024-03-05
Publication date: 2024-06-04

Abstract

The invention relates to a closed reluctance motor, which is used for forming a closed induction magnetic field along the axial direction and the end face of a reluctance body in order to improve the energy efficiency and the power-weight ratio of an alternating current asynchronous induction motor. The motor structure comprises a rotor, a shell, a lead frame and a bearing, or comprises a rotor, a shell, a lead frame, a bearing and a stator, and is characterized in that: the rotor comprises a shaft rod and a magnetic resistance body, the casing is a fixing piece for supporting a lead frame and the rotor, the lead frame is a rectangular lead winding, two phases or three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the lead frame is sleeved with the rotor, the lead frame is electrified with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, closed-loop current and a radial magnetic field are generated in the rotor, and the rotating magnetic field drags the rotor to rotate relatively in the lead frame.

Description

Closed reluctance motor

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electric machine, in particular to an alternating current synchronous closed reluctance electric machine with a closed electromagnetic field.

Background

Various ac motors exist as an electric traction device for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, which is mainly composed of a stator, a rotor and an air gap therebetween. After the stator winding is connected to a three-phase alternating current power supply, a rotating magnetic field is generated and the rotor is cut, so that torque is obtained. The three-phase alternating current asynchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, low price, strong overload capacity, convenient use, installation and maintenance and the like, and is widely applied to various fields. The stator consists of an iron core, a winding and a stand. The rotor consists of an iron core and windings, and the rotor windings are in a squirrel-cage type and a wire-wound type. The squirrel-cage rotor is formed by inserting copper bars into a rotor core slot, and then welding two ends of all the copper bars onto two copper end rings; the wire-wound rotor winding is the same as the stator winding, and a winding formed by coils is placed in a rotor core slot. The squirrel-cage motor and the wire-wound motor have the same working principle although different structures.

The working principle of the three-phase asynchronous motor is based on the interaction of a stator rotating magnetic field (a composite magnetic field generated by three-phase currents in a stator winding) and currents in a rotor winding of a rotor current, when the symmetrical three-phase winding of the stator is connected to a three-phase power supply, the symmetrical three-phase currents are introduced into the winding, the rotating magnetic field is generated in space, the magnetic field rotates along the inner circumference direction of the stator, when the magnetic field rotates, induced electromotive force E is generated by conductor cutting magnetic flux of the rotor winding, and rotor current I is generated in the rotor winding due to the existence of the electromotive force E. According to ampere's law of electromagnetic force, the interaction of the rotor current and the rotating magnetic field will generate electromagnetic force F (the direction of which is defined by the left hand rule) which will create electromagnetic torque on the shaft of the rotor, and the direction of action of the torque is the same as the direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field, whereby the rotor is acted upon by the torque and rotates in the direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field. However, the rotation speed n of the rotor is constantly smaller than the rotation speed n0 of the rotating magnetic field (referred to as synchronous rotation speed), because if the two rotation speeds are equal, the rotor and the rotating magnetic field do not move relatively, the rotor conductor does not cut magnetic flux, induced electromotive force and current cannot be generated, no electromagnetic torque exists, and the rotor will not continue to rotate. Therefore, the rotational speed difference between the rotor and the rotating magnetic field is a major factor in ensuring the rotation of the rotor.

Switched reluctance motors are ac motors in which the reluctance of the magnetic circuit varies as much as possible as the rotor rotates. Therefore, the stator and the rotor of the motor are both in double-salient pole structures and are formed by stacking silicon steel sheets. A simple concentrated winding is arranged on each stator magnetic pole, and the windings on two diametrically opposite stator magnetic poles are connected in series or in parallel to form a phase. There are no windings on the rotor, nor permanent magnets. The motor can be divided into an odd phase and an even phase according to the number of phases of the motor. The motor can be divided into a bipolar long magnetic circuit structure and a four-pole short magnetic circuit structure according to the magnetic circuit structure of the motor. There are single-phase excitation and multi-phase excitation according to the energizing excitation pattern of the motor.

The Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) used in the switched reluctance motor speed regulation system is a component for realizing electromechanical energy conversion in the SRD, and is also a main sign of the SRD different from other motor driving systems. The SRM is a double salient pole variable reluctance motor, and salient poles of a stator and a rotor are formed by laminating common silicon steel sheets. The rotor has no winding and permanent magnet, the stator pole is wound with concentrated winding, the two windings which are opposite in radial direction are connected together, which is called as 'one phase', the SR motor can be designed into a plurality of different phase number structures, and the pole numbers of the stator and the rotor are matched in a plurality of different ways. The number of phases is large, the step angle is small, the torque pulsation is reduced, the structure is complex, the number of main switching devices is large, the cost is high, and four-phase (8/6) structure and six-phase (12/8) structure are widely used nowadays. The switch reluctance motor has simple structure, low cost and high speed operation. The structure of the SRM is simpler than that of a squirrel cage induction motor. The rotor has extremely high mechanical strength and can be used for ultra-high-speed operation (such as tens of thousands of revolutions per minute). In the aspect of the stator, the stator has only a few concentrated windings, so that the stator is simple to manufacture and has a simple insulating structure. The circuit is reliable, and the power circuit is simple and reliable. Because the motor torque direction is independent of the winding current direction, i.e. only single-phase winding current is needed, the power circuit can achieve one power switch per phase. Compared with the asynchronous motor winding, the two-way current is required to flow, and the PWM frequency converter power circuit for supplying power to the asynchronous motor winding needs two power devices per phase. Therefore, compared with the power circuit of the PWM frequency converter, the speed regulating system of the switched reluctance motor has fewer power elements and simple circuit structure. In addition, two power switching tubes of each bridge arm in the PWM frequency converter power circuit are directly spanned on the direct current power supply side, and direct short circuit burning out of the power devices is easy to occur. And each power switch device in the switch reluctance motor speed regulating system is directly connected with the motor winding in series, so that the phenomenon of direct short circuit is fundamentally avoided. Therefore, the protection circuit of the power circuit in the speed regulating system of the switch reluctance speed regulating motor can be simplified, thereby reducing the cost and having higher reliability. The system has high reliability. From the electromagnetic structure of the motor, each winding and the magnetic circuit are mutually independent, and each winding and the magnetic circuit generate electromagnetic torque within a certain axial angle range. Unlike a general motor, the motor can normally operate without generating a rotating magnetic field under the combined action of phase windings and a magnetic circuit. From the control structure, each phase circuit is powered by a phase winding and generally works independently of each other. A switched reluctance motor; the starting torque is large and the starting current is low. The controller outputs less current, and the motor obtains larger starting torque, which is a big characteristic of the system. The data of a typical product is that when the starting current is 15% of the rated current, the rated torque with the starting torque being 100% is obtained, and when the starting current is 30% of the rated current, the starting torque can reach 250% of the rated torque. Compared with other speed regulating systems, for example, the starting characteristics of the direct current motor is 100% of current, the squirrel cage induction motor is 300% of current, and 100% of torque is obtained. The advantages of small starting current and large torque can also be extended to low-speed operation sections, so that the system is quite suitable for machines needing heavy-load starting and long-time low-speed heavy-load operation. Frequent start and stop; is suitable for frequent start-stop and forward-reverse conversion operation. The system has the characteristics of high starting torque and low starting current, so that the current impact is small in the starting process, the heating of the motor is smaller than that in continuous rated operation, the system is suitable for frequent start-stop and forward-reverse conversion operation, and the speed regulation performance is good. There are at least four main operating parameters and common methods for controlling a switched reluctance motor: phase conduction angle, related angle of failure, phase current amplitude and phase winding voltage, and is flexible and convenient. Different control methods and parameter values can be adopted according to the operation requirements of the motor and the condition of the motor, so that the motor can be operated in an optimal state (such as maximum output, highest efficiency and the like), and specific curves with various different functions can be realized. Such as having the motor with exactly the same four-quadrant operating capability and having the highest starting torque and load capability curves for the series motor. The speed control system can be used for speed closed-loop control, and can conveniently form a static-difference-free speed control system.

The synchronous reluctance motor is essentially a synchronous motor with reluctance property, the operation principle is similar to that of a switched reluctance motor, the synchronous reluctance motor has fundamental difference with the traditional alternating-current and direct-current motors, the synchronous reluctance motor does not rely on the interaction of magnetic fields of a stator and a rotor to form torque like the traditional motor, the torque is formed by magnetic pulling force generated by reluctance change caused by the rotor at different positions along the minimum path of reluctance always following the principle that magnetic flux is closed, the torque is called reluctance torque, and the stator magnetic field of the synchronous reluctance motor is sine wave rotary magnetic field unlike the stator switch rotary magnetic field of the switched reluctance motor. The stator of the synchronous reluctance motor generally adopts a stator structure of a traditional three-phase alternating current motor, but the rotor structure is special, and a plurality of grooves are formed in the rotor. The special rotor structure realizes huge magnetic resistance difference of the alternating-axis magnetic circuit and the direct-axis magnetic circuit of the synchronous reluctance motor, and has strong saliency, so that driving torque with magnetic resistance property is generated. The stator of the synchronous reluctance motor generally adopts a stator structure of a conventional three-phase alternating current motor. The distinction is mainly on the rotor structure. With the development of technology, the rotor structure of the synchronous reluctance motor is continuously evolving, the structural modes of the rotor at the present stage mainly comprise two types, namely a transverse lamination mode (TLA) and an axial lamination anisotropic mode (ALA), the ALA structure is formed by alternately laminating high magnetic conductive materials and non-magnetic conductive insulating materials along the axial direction, and the ALA structure has very strong saliency, so that the torque density and the power factor are higher, but the process is complex, and the manufacturing is inconvenient. The TLA structure adopts the traditional punching and laminating process, the rotor structure is simple, the mechanical strength is high, and the production cost is low. But is relatively less salient than the ALA structure and therefore the torque density and power factor are less than the ALA structure. Synchronous reluctance motor an essentially synchronous reluctance motor is a synchronous motor with reluctance properties, the operating principle of which follows the principle that the magnetic flux always closes along the path of minimum reluctance, creating torque by the magnetic pull created by the reluctance change caused by the rotor at different positions. Compared with the traditional direct current motor, the synchronous reluctance motor has no brushes and rings, is simple and reliable, is convenient to maintain, has no winding on the rotor of the synchronous reluctance motor compared with the traditional alternating current asynchronous motor, has no rotor copper loss, improves the efficiency of the motor, has smooth surface and continuous reluctance change compared with the switched reluctance motor, avoids the problems of large torque pulsation and noise when the switched reluctance motor operates, and simultaneously, the stator of the synchronous reluctance motor is a sine wave magnetic field, is simple to control, and has mature hardware platform, thereby reducing the cost of a drive control system.

The existing various brushless direct current motors are not really direct current motors, the input current of the direct current motors is direct current, the direct current motors are unstable, the magneto-electric working process and working principle inside the motors of the brush direct current motors and the brushless direct current motors are alternating current electromagnetic fields, so that the direct current motors still have iron loss and copper loss which are inevitably present in transformers, and the brush direct current motors and the brushless direct current motors have great energy loss and serious heat generation when rotating at high speed due to the iron loss and the copper loss, so that the brush direct current motors and the brushless direct current motors are difficult to operate at ultra-high speed. All motors and direct current motors are developed according to Faraday armatures, and the working principle of a direct current generator is that alternating electromotive force induced in an armature coil is changed into direct current electromotive force by matching a commutator with the reversing action of an electric brush. The direction of conductor stress is determined using the left hand rule. Brushless motors are produced by exchanging the stator and rotor of a conventional dc motor. The rotor generates air gap flux for the permanent magnet: the armature is defined to be composed of multiphase windings. The stator of brushless motor has the same structure as that of common synchronous motor or induction motor, and has multiphase windings embedded inside the iron core. The rotor is mainly made of rare earth materials with high coercivity and high remanence, such as samarium cobalt or neodymium iron boron, and the like, and can be divided into surface magnetic poles, embedded magnetic poles and annular magnetic poles due to different positions of the magnetic materials in the magnetic poles. Since the motor body is a permanent magnet motor, a brushless motor is also called a permanent magnet brushless dc motor in a conventional manner. The 2 copper brushes or carbon brushes of the brush motor are fixed on the motor rear cover through an insulating seat to directly introduce the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply to a phase changer of a rotor, the phase changer is communicated with coils on the rotor, and the polarities of the 3 coils are continuously and alternately changed to form acting force with 2 magnets fixed on the shell to rotate. Because the commutator is fixed with the rotor and the brush is fixed with the housing (stator), the brush and the commutator continuously rub to generate a great deal of resistance and heat when the motor rotates. The inefficiency and loss of the brushed motor is very large. But it also has the advantages of simple manufacture and low cost.

Because the armature loop resistance and inductance of the motor are small, and the rotator has certain mechanical inertia, the armature rotating speed and corresponding back electromotive force are small in the starting stage when the motor is powered on, and the starting current is large. The maximum value can be 15-20 times of rated current. This current can cause disturbances in the grid, mechanical shocks to the machine, and sparks to the commutator. Therefore, the direct closing starting is only suitable for motors with power not more than 4 kilowatts (the starting current is 6-8 times of the rated current), in order to limit the starting current, a specially designed variable resistor is usually connected in series in an armature circuit, and the direct closing starting is widely applied to various small and medium-sized direct current motors. However, the method is not suitable for a motor which is started frequently and a medium-sized and large-sized direct current motor because of large energy consumption in the starting process. However, for some special needs, such as frequent starting of urban electric vehicles, a series resistance starting method is generally adopted in order to simplify equipment, reduce weight and facilitate operation and maintenance. For a dc motor having a large capacity, a step-down voltage is generally used for starting. The armature of the motor is supplied by an independent voltage-adjustable direct current power supply, and the voltage of the power supply is controlled to enable the motor to start smoothly and realize speed regulation. This approach is relatively complex in power supply equipment.

The coil of the hollow cup motor looks like a water cup, so that the hollow cup motor is used as a direct current motor, the structural structure of the rotor of the traditional motor is broken through, the weight and the moment of inertia of the rotor are greatly reduced, and the mechanical energy loss of the rotor is reduced. The running characteristic of the motor is improved due to the structural change of the rotor, so that the motor has the outstanding energy-saving characteristic, and more importantly, the motor has the control and dragging characteristics which cannot be achieved by the iron core motor. The novel rotor structure thoroughly eliminates the electrical energy loss caused by the eddy current formed by the iron core. The energy-saving characteristic energy conversion efficiency is very high, the maximum efficiency is generally above 70%, the control characteristic is quick to start and brake, the response is extremely quick, the mechanical time constant is less than 28 milliseconds (the iron core motor is generally above 100 milliseconds); in the high-speed running state in the recommended running region, the rotational speed can be conveniently and sensitively adjusted. Drag characteristics: the running stability is very reliable, the fluctuation of the rotating speed is very small, and the rotating speed fluctuation of the miniature motor can be easily controlled within 2 percent. In addition, the energy density of the hollow cup motor is greatly improved, and compared with an iron core motor with the same power, the weight and the volume of the hollow cup motor are reduced by 1/3-1/2. Because the hollow cup motor overcomes the insurmountable technical obstacle of the motor with the iron core, and the outstanding characteristics are concentrated on a follow-up system with main performances of the motor requiring quick response. For example, the flying direction of the missile is quickly adjusted, the follow-up control of a high-magnification CD-ROM drive, quick automatic focusing, high-sensitivity recording and detecting equipment, an industrial robot, a bionic artificial limb, a model airplane and the like, but the production automation degree is far lower than that of an iron core motor due to extremely complex coil production process of the hollow cup motor, so that the production cost is high, the labor cost is high, and the skill level requirement on an operator is high. The coil of the hollow cup motor can only be made thin, so the hollow cup motor can only be applied to the field of miniature motors, the torsion is low, the general power is only a few watts, the maximum power is hundreds of watts, and the new energy electric car motor is more than tens of kilowatts.

The new energy automobile three major core components, battery, motor and electric control, wherein the motor adopts three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and three-phase AC induction motor generally, and also adopts three-phase synchronous reluctance motor or switch reluctance motor, these are high-power AC motor, because the new energy automobile generally uses AC motor, and the output of the battery pack is DC, the electric control has to be added to rectify DC into three-phase AC, the comprehensive energy efficiency of these three-phase AC motors is only about 85 percent to 92 percent, which is equivalent to a driving mileage less than two hundred kilometers, which is very important for the current new energy automobile, and the future standard requirement of our country for the new energy automobile motor is that the peak power ratio is 5 to 7 kilowatts per kilogram, and the duration is only 30 seconds.

Disclosure of Invention

The prior AC motor is widely applied to various industries due to simpler structure and low price, is the most widely used motor in the world, and most of the global generated energy is consumed by the AC motor, so the energy efficiency of the AC motor is very important, most of the AC motor used in China is a low-efficiency motor with lower three-level energy efficiency, the energy efficiency of the low-power AC motor is generally lower than eighty percent, even the small-sized AC motor with one-level energy efficiency is not more than ninety percent, the efficiency of the high-power one-level energy efficiency AC motor can reach ninety-seventy percent, but the cost is high, the prior AC motor is difficult to popularize and apply, the main reason that the stator wire winding is the open wire winding is heavy, the defect exists in the original design, and the rotor is convenient to install, the two ends of the wire winding are kept away from the end face of the rotor by semicircular rings, so that the electromagnetic field of the wire winding is not closed, the two ends are open electromagnetic fields, the induction effect on the rotor is not ideal, secondly, because the wire winding is supported by the iron core and simultaneously enhances the induction magnetic field, the use density of the wire winding is limited, and the adverse effect brought by the open wiring mode is that firstly, the eddy current iron loss of the iron core is greatly increased, secondly, the use amount of the wire is limited, the reduction of the resistance of the wire is limited, and therefore the motor power is also limited, thirdly, the redundant wires at the two ends of the wire winding almost reach half, which is equivalent to the increase of half of the resistance copper loss, fourthly, the redundant wires at the two ends of the wire winding are semicircular rings to bypass the rotor, and form useless axial change magnetic fields at the two ends of the rotor, thereby generating unnecessary eddy current iron loss in the rotor iron core, meanwhile, the copper loss is increased by generating ring current in the short circuit rings at the two ends of the rotor, the length of the rotor is usually far larger than the diameter in order to avoid the adverse effect that redundant wires at the winding ends of wires are too much, a 50 Hz power frequency power supply is commonly used for an alternating current motor, under the condition that the rotating speed is limited, the diameter of the rotor is increased, the best method for increasing the output power and the power of the motor is the method for increasing the diameter of the rotor, the length of the rotor is far larger than the diameter, the length of an aluminum strip or a copper strip of the rotor is longer, the resistance of the rotor is increased, the stress deformation of the aluminum strip or the copper strip is increased, the optimal shape of an inductor is cylindrical, square is second, rectangle is worst, the larger the ratio of the width to the thickness is, the inductance effect is worse, and the winding mode of the existing alternating current motor is exactly the worst rectangle. To summarize, in order to avoid the rotor, the wire winding of the existing ac motor has to be wound into a semicircular ring to form an open electromagnetic field, and the wire winding has to be fixed by an iron core stator, and at the same time, the magnetic field loss of the open electromagnetic field is compensated by the iron core stator. What is needed is how the wire windings of the closed electromagnetic field can be made to bypass the output shaft of the rotor instead of the entire rotor.

The invention aims at the defects of the prior alternating current motor, adopts a lead frame for closing an electromagnetic field, the current direction of the lead frame surrounds along the axial direction and the end face of an inductor to form a closed induction magnetic field, the lead frame covers the whole rotor inductor inside, only needs to avoid a shaft rod instead of the whole rotor end face, and the lead frame is fixed through a shell, so that the invention can realize the aims of low resistance, high power-weight ratio, large output torque and high energy efficiency even without a iron core stator.

In order to achieve the above object, the first technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows: including rotor, casing, wire frame, bearing, its characterized in that: the rotor comprises a shaft rod and a reluctance body, wherein the reluctance body is a silicon steel laminated iron core with reluctance characteristics, the shaft rod is tightly connected with the reluctance body, the reluctance body is assembled with the shaft rod coaxially, one end of the shaft rod is used as a power output shaft, the machine shell is a fixing piece for supporting a lead frame and a rotor, the machine shell is of a cylindrical or barrel-shaped framework, one end or two ends of the machine shell are provided with covers, the centers of the two ends of the machine shell are provided with bearing seats, the shaft rod of the rotor is provided with bearings, the bearings are sleeved in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the machine shell, the lead frame is arranged in the machine shell, the lead frame is a rectangular lead winding or a circular lead winding, the lead frame is provided with two or three or more phases, the two or more phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the lead frame is sleeved with the reluctance body, the current direction of the lead frame surrounds along the axial direction and the end surface of the reluctance body to form a closed induction magnetic field, a rotary gap is formed between the lead frame and the reluctance body, the shaft rod of the machine shell is fixed by the lead frame and the rotary magnetic field, and the lead frame is fixed by the rotary magnetic field.

The invention adopts a second technical scheme that: including rotor, casing, wire frame, bearing, stator, its characterized in that: the rotor comprises a shaft rod and a magnetic resistor, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance, the shaft rod is tightly connected with the magnetic resistor, the magnetic resistor is coaxially assembled with the shaft rod, one end of the shaft rod is used as a power output shaft, the casing is a fixing piece for supporting a stator and a rotor, the casing is of a cylindrical or cylindrical framework, one end or two ends of the casing are covered with covers, the centers of the two ends of the casing are provided with bearing seats, the shaft rod of the rotor is provided with bearings, the bearings are sleeved in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the casing, the lead frame is a rectangular lead winding or a circular lead winding, the lead frame is sleeved with a stator, the stator is provided with a circular opening, the stator is sleeved with the magnetic resistor, a rotating gap is reserved between the circular opening of the stator and the magnetic resistor, the lead frame is provided with two phases or three phases, the two phases or three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the lead frame is sleeved with the lead frame along the rotating direction of the lead frame, and the magnetic field is formed by the magnetic field, and the magnetic field is driven by the magnetic field, and the magnetic field is formed by the magnetic field and the magnetic field is driven by the magnetic field.

The magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two salient poles, is twisted axially within 90 degrees and is in a twisted surface twist shape, or is a silicon steel laminated iron core with a plurality of salient pole structures, or is a silicon steel laminated iron core, the silicon steel laminated iron core is provided with a plurality of V-shaped magnetism isolating grooves, permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetism isolating grooves, and the diameter of the magnetic resistor is equal to or larger than the height.

The magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two salient poles, is axially twisted within 90 degrees and is in a twisted surface twist shape, so that the dynamic balance of any rotation direction can be ensured, a closed-loop conductor is arranged in the grooves of the two salient poles of the magnetic resistor, the closed-loop conductor is also in the twisted surface twist shape, and the closed-loop conductor is an aluminum conductor or a copper conductor, so that the electromagnetic induction acting force can be enhanced. The silicon steel laminated iron core can be provided with a plurality of V-shaped magnetism isolating grooves, and permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetism isolating grooves or embedded in the magnetism isolating grooves so as to increase the magnetic field. The axial twist within 90 degrees means that the salient pole magnetic bodies are twisted from one end face to the other end face by not more than 90 degrees.

The outer periphery of the magnetic resistance body is tightly sleeved with an aluminum pipe sleeve to form a short circuit ring, the length of the aluminum pipe sleeve is equal to or larger than that of the magnetic resistance body, so that the magnetic resistance body can be directly started by asynchronous induction with alternating current, and when the magnetic resistance body approaches to the natural frequency of a power supply, the magnetic resistance body can be automatically and synchronously resonantly with the frequency of the power supply, and at the moment, the rotor is synchronously with the frequency of the power supply. Thus eliminating the need for a position sensor and motor controller.

The stator have the three-phase, the stator be regular hexagon silicon steel sheet iron core, there is the circle mouth in the middle, three-phase lead frame is the star intercrossing along hexagonal stator periphery, 120 degrees evenly distributed, every looks lead frame divide into two groups, two groups of lead frame parallel distribution is in axostylus axostyle both sides, the line end of three-phase lead frame connect according to three-phase asynchronous induction machine's star grafting, perhaps connect according to triangle-shaped grafting, the casing be regular hexagon section of thick bamboo, have front end housing and rear end cap, the center at casing both ends has the bearing frame, the central line of six faces of casing inner wall has axial sand grip, perhaps, there is the axial sand grip on the central line of six faces of stator, the width of axial sand grip is equal to or is greater than the diameter of axostylus axostyle, the axial sand grip be located between the adjacent two sets of lead frames.

The lead frames are U, V, W three phases, each photo lead frame is provided with two groups, each group is provided with a plurality of lead frames, the three phases U, V, W are arranged, and each lead frame is sleeved in a star-shaped and mutually crossed manner along the periphery of the hexagonal stator. I.e. after the first turn of the U-phase, the second turn of the V-phase, after the third turn of the W-phase, then the fourth turn of the U-phase, the fifth turn of the V-phase, the sixth turn of the W-phase, and so on. This has the advantage of eliminating the induction strength difference caused by the gap difference of U, V, W three-phase lead frames at the end face.

The three-phase lead frame has three phases, three-phase lead frame is respectively sleeved with three T-shaped silicon steel sheet iron core stators, three arc-shaped silicon steel sheet iron core stators are distributed in an equilateral triangle, a stator with an inner circular opening is formed by combining the three arc-shaped silicon steel sheet iron core stators, the inner circular opening of the stator is sleeved with the rotor, the wire ends of the three-phase lead frame are connected according to a star connection method of a three-phase asynchronous induction motor or according to a triangle connection method, the machine shell is an equilateral triangle cylinder or is formed by three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces, a front end cover and a rear end cover are arranged on the machine shell, a bearing seat is arranged at the center of two ends of the machine shell, three inner angles of the machine shell are provided with fixed angles, the fixed angles are in an inverted isosceles triangle bar shape, the fixed angles are positioned between two adjacent groups of lead frames, or the machine shell is formed by a triangle framework and a triangle cylinder, the triangle framework is formed by two equilateral triangle cover plates and three isosceles triangle bars, the centers of the two equilateral triangle cover plates are provided with screw shafts, the isosceles triangle cover plates are provided with isosceles triangle holes, and isosceles triangle bolts are arranged at the centers of the isosceles triangle cover plates.

This motor mounting means has horizontal and vertical two kinds, the mounting means be when horizontal, the bottom surface of casing has the frame, the frame have the screw hole, the mounting means be when vertical, the front end of casing has the frame, the frame have the screw hole, the side of casing is provided with wire and draws forth hole and screw hole, the back lid have wiring bridge and insulating wire box, the casing surface has the fin, the fin is axial distribution, the axostylus axostyle stretch out from the back lid and be connected with radiator fan, the rear end cover has the fan housing, perhaps, the rear end cover be provided with wire and draw forth hole and screw hole, the rear end cover have wiring bridge and insulating wire box.

When the lead frames are three-phase and multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement mode of the multi-group three-phase lead frames is diode magnetic field arrangement, quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, hexapole magnetic field arrangement or octapole magnetic field arrangement.

The closed reluctance motor is provided with a position sensor, the position sensor comprises one or more of an electromagnetic position sensor, a magnetic sensitive position sensor and a photoelectric position sensor, an electromagnetic induction coil, a Hall circuit, a rotary transformer, a magnetic encoder or a photosensitive signal sensor are arranged at the tail end of a shaft rod or in the shell, and current passes through the feedback of the position sensor and the control of a motor controller, so that the lead frame forms a rotating magnetic field to drive the reluctance body to synchronously rotate.

The lead frame is solidified with epoxy resin to strengthen the structure.

The shaft rods on the two sides of the magnetic resistance body are provided with steps or clamping grooves and clamping springs for fixing the positions of the bearings.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the prior AC motor and reluctance motor are the most widely used motors in various industries in the world due to simpler structure and low price, so the energy efficiency of the AC motor and the reluctance motor is very important, most of the AC motor and the reluctance motor used in China are low-efficiency motors with lower three-level energy efficiency, the energy efficiency of the low-power AC motor is generally lower than eighty percent, but even the small-sized AC motor with one-level energy efficiency is not more than ninety percent, the efficiency of the high-power one-level energy efficiency AC motor can reach ninety-seventy percent, but the cost is high, the prior AC motor and the reluctance motor are difficult to popularize and apply, the main reason of low energy efficiency is mainly that the stator wire winding is an open wire winding, the original design has the defects that in order to facilitate the installation of the rotor, the two ends of the wire winding are kept away from the end face of the rotor by semicircular rings, so that the electromagnetic field of the wire winding is not closed, the two ends are open electromagnetic fields, the induction effect on the rotor is poor, secondly, because the wire winding needs to be supported by the iron core and simultaneously enhances the induction magnetic field, the use density of the wire winding is limited, the adverse effect caused by the open wiring mode is firstly, the eddy current iron loss of the iron core is greatly increased, secondly, the use amount of the wires is limited, the reduction of the resistance of the wires is limited, the motor power is also limited, thirdly, the redundant wires at the two ends of the wire winding almost reach half, which is equivalent to increasing half of resistance copper loss, fourthly, the redundant wires at the two ends of the wire winding form a semicircular ring to bypass the rotor, and a useless axial change magnetic field is formed at the two ends of the rotor, thereby generating unnecessary eddy current iron loss in the rotor core. Fifth, in order to avoid the adverse effect that too many redundant wires are arranged at two ends of the wire winding, the length of the rotor is usually much larger than the diameter, and the alternating current motor generally uses a 50 Hz power frequency power supply, under the condition that the rotating speed is limited, increasing the diameter of the rotor is the best method for increasing the output power and the power of the motor, sixth, the best shape of the inductor is cylindrical, square is the worst, the ratio of the width to the thickness is larger, the inductance effect is worse, and the winding mode of the existing alternating current motor is just the worst rectangle. To summarize, in order to avoid the rotor, the wire winding of the existing ac motor has to be wound into a semicircular ring to form an open electromagnetic field, and the wire winding has to be fixed by an iron core stator, and at the same time, the magnetic field loss of the open electromagnetic field is compensated by the iron core stator. What is needed is how the wire windings of the closed electromagnetic field can be made to bypass the output shaft of the rotor instead of the entire rotor.

The invention adopts the parallelogram lead frame of the closed electromagnetic field, the current direction of the lead frame surrounds along the axial direction and the end face of the reluctance body to form the closed induction magnetic field, the electromagnetic induction effect is increased by tens of times, the stator iron core can be abandoned, the lead frame is fixed by the shell, the whole rotor reluctance body is sleeved inside the lead frame, only the shaft lever is needed to be avoided instead of the end face of the whole rotor reluctance body, the diameter of the rotor is equal to or greater than the height, the comprehensive efficiency can reach ninety-nine percent, the weight volume can be reduced to about one tenth of the existing alternating current motor, the process manufacturing is simpler, the production cost is lower, the lead frame is applied as a new energy automobile motor, the rotating speed is several times of that of the permanent magnet motor, the ultrahigh-speed rotation can be realized, the rotating speed can reach more than 6 ten thousand kilowatts per kilogram, and the power density is tens of kilowatts per kilogram.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed reluctance motor rotor.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a closed reluctance motor lead frame.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a closed reluctance motor housing.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a closed reluctance motor.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a closed reluctance motor.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a closed reluctance motor.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a closed reluctance motor.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a closed reluctance motor.

Detailed Description

Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1,2, 3, and 4: the utility model provides a hexagonal closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistor 11, the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistor 11, the magnetic resistor 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, two ends of the shaft lever 10 are used as power output shafts, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two salient poles, is axially twisted within 90 degrees and is in a twisted face twist shape, the power balance of any rotation direction can be ensured, closed-loop conductors are arranged in grooves of the two salient poles of the magnetic resistor, the closed-loop conductors are also in the twisted face twist shape, and the closed-loop conductors are aluminum conductors or copper conductors, so that electromagnetic induction acting force can be enhanced. The diameter of the magnetic resistor is equal to or larger than the height, which helps to greatly increase the power and the power-to-weight ratio of the alternating current closed induction motor.

The casing 2 is a fixing piece for supporting the lead frame 3 and the rotor 1, the casing 2 is in a cylindrical or cylindrical structure, one end or two ends of the casing are provided with covers, the centers of the two ends of the casing 2 are provided with bearing seats, the shaft rod 10 of the rotor 1 is provided with a bearing 4, the bearing 4 is sleeved in the bearing seats of the centers of the two ends of the casing 2, the shaft rod 10 on the two sides of the reluctance body 11 is provided with steps, or clamping grooves and clamping springs for fixing the positions of the bearing 4, and the lead frame 3 is arranged in the casing 2. The casing 2 is in a cylindrical or cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure refers to an open structure that the casing 2 has only a most basic cylindrical stress framework and has no closed surface. The material of the casing 2 may be one or more materials, typically cast iron or aluminum alloy.

The lead frame 3 is a rectangular lead winding, the lead frame 3 is provided with three phases, the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the lead frame 3 is sleeved with the magnetic resistor 11, the current direction of the lead frame 3 is wound along the axial direction and the end face of the magnetic resistor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field, a rotary gap is reserved between the lead frame 3 and the magnetic resistor 11, and the gap between the three-phase lead frame 3 and the magnetic resistor 11 is small, so that an additional stator iron core is not needed. The lead frame 3 is generally a copper enameled wire or an aluminum enameled wire, the section of the lead frame is a round lead or a flat lead, and the lead frame 3 is solidified by epoxy resin to strengthen structural stress.

The three-phase lead frames 3 are three-phase, the three-phase lead frames 3 are mutually crossed along the circumference of the rotor in a star shape, 120-degree uniform distribution is achieved, each photo frame 3 is divided into two groups, the two groups of lead frames 3 are distributed on two sides of the shaft rod 10 in parallel, the wire ends of the three-phase lead frames 3 are connected according to the star connection method of the three-phase asynchronous induction motor or according to the triangle connection method, the shell 2 is in a regular hexagonal cylindrical shape and is provided with a front end cover and a rear end cover, the centers of the two ends of the shell 2 are provided with bearing seats, the central lines of the six surfaces of the inner wall of the shell are provided with axial protruding strips 21, the width of each axial protruding strip 21 is equal to or larger than the diameter of the shaft rod 10, each axial protruding strip 21 is positioned between two adjacent groups of lead frames 3, the three-phase six groups of lead frames 3 are assembled into the regular hexagonal cylindrical shell 2 and are clamped and fixed by six inner wall surfaces, and can play the same supporting role as a stator.

This motor mounting means has horizontal and vertical two kinds, the mounting means be when horizontal, the bottom surface of casing 2 has the frame, the frame have the screw hole, the mounting means be when vertical, the front end of casing 2 has the frame, the frame have the screw hole, the side of casing 2 is provided with wire and draws forth hole and screw hole, the back lid have wiring bridge and insulating wire box, the casing surface has the fin, the fin is axial distribution, the axostylus axostyle stretch out from the back lid and be connected with radiator fan, the rear end cover has the fan housing, perhaps, the rear end cover be provided with wire and draw forth hole and screw hole, the rear end cover have wiring bridge and insulating wire box.

The lead frames 3 are U, V, W three phases, each photo lead frame 3 is provided with two groups, each group is provided with a plurality of lead frames, the three phases U, V, W are arranged, and each lead frame is sleeved in a star-shaped and mutually crossed manner along the periphery of the hexagonal stator 5. I.e. after the first turn of the U-phase, the second turn of the V-phase, after the third turn of the W-phase, then the fourth turn of the U-phase, the fifth turn of the V-phase, the sixth turn of the W-phase, and so on. This has the advantage of eliminating the induction strength difference caused by the gap difference of U, V, W three-phase lead frames 3 at the end face.

When the lead frame 3 is three-phase and multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement mode of the multi-group three-phase lead frame 3 is a dipolar magnetic field arrangement mode, a quadrupole magnetic field arrangement mode, a hexapole magnetic field arrangement mode or an octapole magnetic field arrangement mode.

The closed reluctance motor is provided with a position sensor, the position sensor comprises one or more of an electromagnetic position sensor, a magnetic sensitive position sensor and a photoelectric position sensor, an electromagnetic induction coil, a Hall circuit, a rotary transformer, a magnetic encoder or a photosensitive signal sensor are arranged at the tail end of a shaft rod or in the shell, and current passes through the feedback of the position sensor and the control of a motor controller, so that the lead frame forms a rotating magnetic field to drive the reluctance body to synchronously rotate. Or, the outer periphery of the magnetic resistor 11 is tightly sleeved with an aluminum tube sleeve to form a short circuit ring, and the length of the aluminum tube sleeve is equal to or greater than that of the magnetic resistor 11, so that asynchronous induction starting can be directly performed by using alternating current, and when the magnetic resistor 11 approaches to the natural frequency of a power supply, the magnetic resistor 11 can be automatically and synchronously resonantly with the frequency of the power supply, and at the moment, the rotor is synchronous with the frequency of the power supply. Thus eliminating the need for a position sensor and motor controller.

The lead frame 3 is a parallelogram closed lead winding, and is different from an open winding of a lead winding of the existing motor in the installation mode, the rotor of the existing motor can be directly arranged in a sub-round opening embedded with the lead winding, after the rotor is sleeved with the three-phase lead frame 3, the lead frame 3 and the rotor 1 are arranged in the shell 2 together and then fixed at respective positions, the three-phase six-group lead frame 3 is fixed through six faces of the inner wall of the shell and axial convex strips 21 on six middle lines, the rotor 1 is fixed at positions through bearing seats at two ends of the shell, the size of the lead frame 3 is larger than that of the reluctance body 11 of the rotor 1, and a rotary gap is reserved between the two.

When the three-phase lead frame 3 which is symmetrically distributed is connected to a three-phase alternating current power supply, symmetrical three-phase current is introduced into the windings, a rotating magnetic field is generated in a closed space, the magnetic field rotates along the inner circumferential direction of a circular opening of the stator 5, and when the magnetic field rotates, a rotor 1 silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance is dragged to rotate in the lead frame 3.

Example 2 is shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, and 7: the utility model provides a hexagonal closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistance body 11, the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistance body 11, the magnetic resistance body 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, one end of the shaft lever 10 is used as a power output shaft, the magnetic resistance body is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance characteristics, the magnetic resistance body is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two or more salient pole structures, and the diameter of the magnetic resistance body is equal to or larger than the height, so that the power and the power-weight ratio of the alternating current closed induction motor can be greatly increased.

The lead frame 3 is a rectangular lead winding, the lead frame 3 is provided with three phases, the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the lead frame 3 is sleeved with the magnetic resistor 11, the current direction of the lead frame 3 is wound along the axial direction and the end face of the magnetic resistor 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field, a rotary gap is reserved between the lead frame 3 and the magnetic resistor 11, and the gap between the three-phase lead frame 3 and the magnetic resistor 11 is small, so that a stator core is not required to be additionally used. The lead frame 3 is generally a copper enameled wire or an aluminum enameled wire, the section of the lead frame is a round lead or a flat lead, and the lead frame 3 is solidified by epoxy resin to strengthen structural stress.

Example 3 is shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, and 8: the utility model provides a hexagonal closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistor 11, wherein the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistor 11, the magnetic resistor 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, one end of the shaft lever 10 is used as a power output shaft, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance, a plurality of V-shaped magnetic isolation grooves are formed in the silicon steel laminated iron core, permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetic isolation grooves, and the diameter of the magnetic resistor is equal to or larger than the height.

The closed reluctance motor is provided with a position sensor, the position sensor comprises one or more of an electromagnetic position sensor, a magnetic sensitive position sensor and a photoelectric position sensor, an electromagnetic induction coil, a Hall circuit, a rotary transformer, a magnetic encoder or a photosensitive signal sensor are arranged at the tail end of a shaft rod or in the shell, and current passes through the feedback of the position sensor and the control of a motor controller, so that the lead frame forms a rotating magnetic field to drive the reluctance body to synchronously rotate. Or, the outer periphery of the magnetic resistor 11 is tightly sleeved with an aluminum tube sleeve to form a short circuit ring, and the length of the aluminum tube sleeve is equal to or greater than that of the magnetic resistor 11, so that asynchronous induction starting can be directly performed by using alternating current, and when the magnetic resistor 11 approaches to the natural frequency of a power supply, the magnetic resistor 11 can be automatically and synchronously resonantly with the frequency of the power supply, and at the moment, the rotor is synchronous with the frequency of the power supply. Thus eliminating the need for a position sensor and motor controller. A step of

Example 4 is shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 5: the utility model provides a hexagonal closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, stator 5, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistor 11, the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistor 11, the magnetic resistor 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, one end of the shaft lever 10 is used as a power output shaft, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two salient poles and is axially twisted within 90 degrees to form a twisted surface twist shape, the power balance of any rotation direction can be ensured, closed-loop conductors are arranged in grooves of the two salient poles of the magnetic resistor, the closed-loop conductors are also in the twisted surface twist shape, and the closed-loop conductors are aluminum conductors or copper conductors, so that electromagnetic induction acting force can be enhanced. The diameter of the magnetic resistor is equal to or larger than the height, which helps to greatly increase the power and the power-to-weight ratio of the alternating current closed induction motor.

The casing 2 is a fixing piece for supporting the rotor 1, the lead frame 3 and the stator 5, the casing 2 is of a cylindrical or cylindrical framework, one end or two ends of the casing are provided with covers, the centers of the two ends of the casing 2 are provided with bearing seats, the shaft lever 10 of the rotor 1 is provided with a bearing 4, the bearing 4 is sleeved in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the casing 2, the shaft lever 10 at the two sides of the reluctance body 11 is provided with steps, or clamping grooves and clamping springs for fixing the positions of the bearing 4, and the lead frame 3 is arranged in the casing 2. The casing 2 is in a cylindrical or cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure refers to an open structure that the casing 2 has only a most basic cylindrical stress framework and has no closed surface. The material of the casing 2 may be one or more materials, typically cast iron or aluminum alloy.

The wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding, the wire frame 3 is provided with three phases, the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the wire frame 3 is sleeved with the stator 5, the stator 5 is provided with a round opening, the stator 5 is sleeved with the magnetic resistance body 11, the axial height of the stator 5 is equal to or greater than the axial height of the magnetic resistance body 11, a rotary gap is reserved between the round opening of the stator 5 and the magnetic resistance body 11, the current direction of the wire frame 3 is wound along the axial direction and the end face of the magnetic resistance body 11 to form a closed induction magnetic field, the wire frame 3 and the magnetic resistance body 11 are provided with rotary gaps, the wire frame 3 is generally a copper or aluminum enameled wire, the section of the wire frame 3 is a round wire or a flat wire, and the wire frame 3 is solidified by epoxy resin to strengthen structural stress.

The stator 5 is a regular hexagonal silicon steel sheet iron core, a round opening is formed in the middle of the stator, the three-phase lead frames 3 are in star-shaped mutual intersection along the periphery of the hexagonal stator 5 and are evenly distributed at 120 degrees, each phase lead frame 3 is divided into two groups, the two groups of lead frames 3 are distributed on two sides of the shaft rod 10 in parallel, the wire ends of the three-phase lead frames 3 are connected according to a star connection method of a three-phase asynchronous induction motor or according to a triangle connection method, the casing 2 is in a regular hexagonal cylindrical shape and is provided with a front end cover and a rear end cover, the centers of two ends of the casing 2 are provided with bearing seats, the central lines of six surfaces of the inner wall of the casing are provided with axial protruding strips 21, the width of each axial protruding strip 21 is equal to or larger than the diameter of the shaft rod 10, each axial protruding strip 21 is positioned between two adjacent groups of lead frames 3, and the three-phase six groups of lead frames 3 are assembled into the regular hexagonal cylindrical casing 2 and are clamped and fixed by six inner wall surfaces, and can play the same supporting role as the stator.

The lead frame 3 is a parallelogram closed lead winding, and is different from an open winding of a lead winding of the existing motor in the installation mode, the rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in a sub-round opening embedded with the lead winding, the motor needs to install the rotor 1 into a round opening of the hexagonal stator 5, then the three-phase lead frame 3 is sleeved with the stator 5, the lead frame 3 and the stator are installed in the shell 2 together with the rotor 1 and then are fixed at the respective positions, the three-phase six groups of lead frames 3 and the stator 5 are fixed through six surfaces of the inner wall of the shell, the rotor 1 is fixed at the positions through bearing seats at the two ends of the shell, the size of the round opening of the stator 5 is larger than that of the magnetic resistance body 11 of the rotor 1, and a rotary gap is reserved between the two.

When the three-phase lead frame 3 which is symmetrically distributed is connected to a three-phase alternating current power supply, symmetrical three-phase current is introduced into the windings, a rotating magnetic field is generated in a closed space, the magnetic field rotates along the inner circumferential direction of the circular opening of the stator 5, and when the magnetic field rotates, the rotor 1 silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance is dragged to rotate in the circular opening of the stator 5.

Example 5, as shown in fig. 2,3, 5, and 7: the utility model provides a hexagonal closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, stator 5, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistance body 11, the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistance body 11, the magnetic resistance body 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, one end of the shaft lever 10 is used as a power output shaft, the magnetic resistance body is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance, the magnetic resistance body is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two or more salient pole structures, and the diameter of the magnetic resistance body is equal to or larger than the height, so that the power and the power-weight ratio of the alternating current closed induction motor can be greatly increased.

Example 6, as shown in fig. 2,3, 5 and 8: the utility model provides a hexagonal closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, stator 5, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistance body 11, the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistance body 11, the magnetic resistance body 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, one end of the shaft lever 10 is used as a power output shaft, the magnetic resistance body is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance characteristics, a plurality of V-shaped magnetism isolating grooves are formed in the silicon steel laminated iron core, permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetism isolating grooves, and the diameter of the magnetic resistance body is equal to or greater than the height, so that the power and the power-weight ratio of the alternating current closed induction motor can be greatly increased.

Example 7 is shown in fig. 1, 2,3, 5, and 6: the utility model provides a triangle-shaped closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, stator 5, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistor 11, the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistor 11, the magnetic resistor 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, one end of the shaft lever 10 is used as a power output shaft, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two salient poles and is axially twisted within 90 degrees to form a twisted surface twist shape, the power balance of any rotation direction can be ensured, closed-loop conductors are arranged in grooves of the two salient poles of the magnetic resistor, the closed-loop conductors are also in the twisted surface twist shape, and the closed-loop conductors are aluminum conductors or copper conductors, so that electromagnetic induction acting force can be enhanced. The silicon steel laminated iron core can be further provided with a plurality of V-shaped magnetism isolating grooves, and permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetism isolating grooves or embedded in the magnetism isolating grooves to increase the magnetic field. The diameter of the magnetic resistor is equal to or larger than the height, which helps to greatly increase the power and the power-to-weight ratio of the alternating current closed induction motor.

The wire frame 3 is a rectangular wire winding and is provided with three phases, the three phases of wire frames are respectively sleeved with three T-shaped silicon steel sheet iron core stators, the three arc-shaped silicon steel sheet iron core stators are distributed in an equilateral triangle manner and are combined into a stator with an inner circular opening, the inner circular opening of the stator is sleeved with the rotor, the wire frames 3 are provided with three phases, the three phases are distributed along the circumference of the rotor at a certain angle, the wire frames 3 are sleeved with the inductor 11, the current direction of the wire frames 3 is along the axial direction and the end face of the inductor 11 in a surrounding manner to form a closed induction magnetic field, a rotary gap is reserved between the wire frames 3 and the inductor 11, the wire frames 3 are generally copper or aluminum enameled wires, the cross section of each wire frame is round wires or flat wires, and the wire frames 3 are solidified by epoxy resin to strengthen structural stress.

The three-phase lead frame 3 has three phases, the three-phase lead frame 3 evenly distributes along 60 degrees equilateral triangle of rotor circumference, the line end of three-phase lead frame 3 connect according to three-phase asynchronous induction motor's star connection, perhaps connect according to triangle connection, the casing be equilateral triangle section of thick bamboo, have front end cover and rear end cover, the center of casing both ends has the bearing frame, three interior angles of casing have fixed angle, fixed angle be the isosceles triangle stick shape of handstand, three angles of isosceles triangle stick are 30 degrees, 120 degrees, 30 degrees respectively, fixed angle be in between two adjacent groups of lead frames, three-phase three groups lead frame 3 assemble into in the triangle cylindric casing 2, receive the centre gripping of three internal face and three fixed angle to fix, can play the supporting role the same with the stator.

The machine shell 2 is composed of a triangular framework 22 and a triangular cylinder 23, wherein the triangular framework 22 is composed of two equilateral triangular cover plates 24 and three isosceles triangular rods 25 or three diamond rods, three angles of the isosceles triangular rods are 30 degrees, 120 degrees and 30 degrees respectively, a bearing seat is arranged at the center of each of the two equilateral triangular cover plates 24, screw holes are formed in the three angles of each of the equilateral triangular cover plates 24, screw holes are formed in the centers of two ends of each of the isosceles triangular rods 25, and the two equilateral triangular cover plates 24 and the three isosceles triangular rods 25 are connected through bolts.

The lead frame 3 is a parallelogram closed lead winding, and is different from an open winding of a lead winding of the existing motor in the installation mode, the rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in a sub-round opening embedded with the lead winding stator, the motor needs to firstly sleeve three arc-shaped stators 5 with the three-phase lead frame 3, then install the rotor 1 in the round opening of the spliced stator 5, the lead frame 3 and the stator are installed in the shell 2 together with the rotor 1 and then are fixed in respective positions, the three-phase lead frame 3 and the stator 5 are fixed through the clamping of three inner wall surfaces and three fixed angles of the shell, the rotor 1 is fixed in positions through bearing seats at two ends of the shell, the size of the round opening of the stator 5 is larger than that of the magnetic resistor 11 of the rotor 1, and a rotary gap is reserved between the two.

Example 8, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 5, and 6: the utility model provides a triangle-shaped closed reluctance motor, includes rotor 1, casing 2, wire frame 3, bearing 4, stator 5, its characterized in that: the rotor 1 comprises a shaft lever 10 and a magnetic resistor 11, the shaft lever 10 is tightly connected with the magnetic resistor 11, the magnetic resistor 11 is assembled with the shaft lever 10 coaxially, one end of the shaft lever 10 is used as a power output shaft, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance, the magnetic resistor is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two or more salient pole structures, or the silicon steel laminated iron core is provided with a plurality of V-shaped magnetic isolation grooves, permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetic isolation grooves, and the diameter of the magnetic resistor is equal to or larger than the height, so that the power and the power weight ratio of the alternating current closed induction motor can be greatly increased.

The closed reluctance motor is provided with a position sensor, the position sensor comprises one or more of an electromagnetic position sensor, a magnetic sensitive position sensor and a photoelectric position sensor, an electromagnetic induction coil, a Hall circuit, a rotary transformer, a magnetic encoder or a photosensitive signal sensor are arranged at the tail end of a shaft rod or in the shell, and current passes through the feedback of the position sensor and the control of a motor controller, so that the lead frame forms a rotating magnetic field to drive the reluctance body to synchronously rotate. Or, the outer periphery of the magnetic resistor 11 is tightly sleeved with an aluminum tube sleeve to form a short-circuit ring, and the length of the aluminum tube sleeve is equal to or greater than that of the magnetic resistor 11, so that asynchronous induction starting can be directly performed by using alternating current, and when the magnetic resistor 11 approaches to the natural frequency of a power supply, the magnetic resistor 11 can be automatically and synchronously resonated with the frequency of the power supply, and at the moment, the rotor is synchronous with the frequency of the power supply. Thus eliminating the need for a position sensor and motor controller.

The lead frame 3 is a parallelogram closed lead winding, and is different from an open winding of a lead winding of the existing motor in the installation mode, the rotor of the existing motor can be directly installed in a sub-round opening embedded with the lead winding stator, the motor needs to firstly sleeve three arc-shaped stators 5 with the three-phase lead frame 3, then install the rotor 1 in the round opening of the spliced stator 5, the lead frame 3 and the stator are installed in the shell 2 together with the rotor 1 and then are fixed in respective positions, the three-phase lead frame 3 and the stator 5 are fixed through the clamping of three inner wall surfaces and three fixed angles of the shell, the rotor 1 is fixed in positions through bearing seats at two ends of the shell, the size of the round opening of the stator 5 is larger than that of the magnetic resistor 11 of the rotor 1, and a rotary gap is reserved between the two. A step of

The above-described embodiments represent only a few embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but it should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which is within the scope of the invention, and therefore the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a closed reluctance motor, includes rotor (1), casing (2), wire frame (3), bearing (4), its characterized in that: the rotor (1) comprises a shaft lever (10) and a magnetic resistance body (11), the magnetic resistance body (11) is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance characteristics, the shaft lever (10) is tightly connected with the magnetic resistance body (11), the magnetic resistance body (11) is assembled with the shaft lever (10) coaxially, the machine shell (2) is a fixing piece for supporting a lead frame (3) and the rotor (1), the machine shell (2) is of a cylindrical or barrel-shaped framework, one end or two ends of the machine shell (2) are covered with covers, the centers of the two ends of the machine shell (2) are provided with bearing seats, the shaft lever (10) of the rotor (1) is provided with a bearing (4), the bearing (4) is sleeved in the bearing seats at the centers of the two ends of the machine shell (2), the lead frame (3) is arranged in the machine shell (2), the lead frame (3) is a rectangular lead winding or a circular lead winding, the lead frame (3) is provided with two or three phases or more phases, the two or three phases or more phases are distributed along the circumference of the machine shell (1) or the rotor (1) at a certain angle, the lead frame (3) and the magnetic resistance body (11) are formed along the axial direction of the lead frame (11), the casing (2) and the lead frame (3) are fixed, the lead frame (3) is electrified with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field drags the magnetic resistor (11) to rotate relatively in the lead frame (3).

2. The utility model provides a closed reluctance motor, includes rotor (1), casing (2), wire frame (3), bearing (4), stator (5), its characterized in that: the rotor (1) comprises a shaft lever (10) and a magnetic resistance body (11), the magnetic resistance body (11) is a silicon steel laminated iron core with magnetic resistance characteristics, the shaft lever (10) is tightly connected with the magnetic resistance body (11), the magnetic resistance body (11) is coaxially assembled with the shaft lever (10), one end of the shaft lever (10) is used as a power output shaft, the machine shell (2) is a fixing piece for supporting the stator (5) and the rotor (1), the machine shell (2) is in a cylindrical or barrel-shaped framework, one end or two ends of the machine shell (2) are provided with covers, the centers of the two ends of the machine shell (2) are provided with bearing seats, the shaft lever (10) of the rotor (1) is provided with bearings (4), the bearings (4) are sleeved in the bearing seats of the centers of the two ends of the machine shell (2), the lead frame (3) is a rectangular lead winding or a circular lead winding, the lead frame (3) is sleeved with a stator (5), the stator (5) is sleeved with a circular opening, the stator (5) is sleeved with the stator (5) along the axial direction of the two-phase magnetic resistance body (11), the two-phase magnetic resistance body (11) is distributed along the axial direction of the three-phase (11) or the two-phase magnetic resistance body (11) with a certain axial direction, the magnetic resistance body (11) is equal to the axial direction of the three-phase magnetic resistance body (11) or the two-phase magnetic resistance body (1) and the magnetic resistance body (1) is provided with the magnetic resistance body, the lead frame (3) is sleeved with the magnetic resistor (11), the current direction of the lead frame (3) surrounds along the axial direction and the end face of the magnetic resistor (11) to form a closed induction magnetic field, the lead frame (3) is electrified with alternating current to form a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field drags the magnetic resistor (11) to rotate relatively in the round opening of the stator (5).

3. The closed reluctance machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the magnetic resistor (11) is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two salient poles, is axially twisted within 90 degrees and is in a twisted surface twist shape, or the magnetic resistor (11) is a silicon steel laminated iron core with a plurality of salient pole structures, or the magnetic resistor (11) is a silicon steel laminated iron core, a plurality of V-shaped magnetism isolating grooves are formed in the silicon steel laminated iron core, and permanent magnets are embedded in the magnetism isolating grooves, wherein the diameter of the magnetic resistor (11) is equal to or larger than the height.

4. The closed reluctance machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the magnetic resistor body (11) is a silicon steel laminated iron core with two salient poles, is axially twisted within 90 degrees and is in a twisted surface twist shape, a closed loop conductor (12) is arranged in grooves of the two salient poles of the magnetic resistor body (11), the closed loop conductor (12) is also in the twisted surface twist shape, and the closed loop conductor (12) is an aluminum conductor or a copper conductor.

5. The closed reluctance motor according to claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that: the outer periphery of the magnetic resistance body (11) is tightly sleeved with an aluminum pipe sleeve, a short circuit ring is formed, and the length of the aluminum pipe sleeve is equal to or longer than that of the magnetic resistance body (11).

6. A closed reluctance machine according to claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that: the stator (5) have the three-phase, stator (5) be regular hexagon silicon steel lamination iron core, there is the circle mouth in the middle, three-phase lead frame (3) are radial intercrossing along hexagonal stator (5) periphery, 120 degrees evenly distributed, every looks lead frame (3) divide into two sets of, two sets of lead frame (3) parallel distribution are in axostylus axostyle (10) both sides, the line end of three-phase lead frame (3) is connected according to three-phase asynchronous induction machine's star-shaped method, perhaps connect according to triangle-shaped method, casing (2) be regular hexagon section of thick bamboo, have front end cap and rear end cap, the center at casing (2) both ends has the bearing frame, the central line of six faces of casing (2) inner wall has axial sand grip (21), perhaps, the central line of six faces of stator (5) has axial sand grip (21), the width of axial sand grip (21) is equal to or greater than the diameter of axostylus axostyle (10), axial sand grip be in between adjacent two sets of lead frame (3).

7. The closed reluctance machine of claim 6 wherein: the lead frames (3) are U, V, W three phases, each photo lead frame (3) is provided with two groups, each group is provided with a plurality of wire frames, the three phases U, V, W are respectively arranged, and each wire frame is sleeved in a star-shaped and mutually crossed manner along the periphery of the hexagonal stator (5).

8. A closed reluctance machine according to claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that: the three-phase lead frame (3) is provided with three phases, the three phases lead frame (3) is respectively sleeved with three arc silicon steel laminated iron core stators (5), the three arc silicon steel laminated iron core stators (5) are distributed in an equilateral triangle, the three arc silicon steel laminated iron core stators (5) are combined into a stator (5) with an inner circular opening, the inner circular opening of the stator (5) is sleeved with the rotor (1), the wire ends of the three phases lead frame (3) are connected according to a star connection method of a three-phase asynchronous induction motor or according to a triangle connection method, the casing (2) is an equilateral triangle cylinder or is a hexagon cylinder formed by three long equilateral surfaces and three short equilateral surfaces, a front end cover and a rear end cover are arranged, the centers of two ends of the casing (2) are provided with bearing seats, the inner corners of the casing (2) are provided with fixed angles (20), the fixed angles (20) are in an isosceles triangle rod shape, the fixed angles (20) are positioned between two adjacent groups of lead frames, or the casing (2) is formed by a triangle framework (22) and a triangle cylinder (23), the triangle (22) is formed by two isosceles triangle (24) and three isosceles triangle (24) equilateral triangle (24) with the centers of three isosceles triangle (24) equilateral triangle (25) with the isosceles triangle (24) triangle with the isosceles triangle 24) equilateral triangle (25), two equilateral triangle cover plates (24) and three isosceles triangle rods (25) are connected through bolts.

9. The closed reluctance motor according to claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that: this motor mounting means has horizontal and vertical two kinds, the mounting means be when horizontal, the bottom surface of casing (2) have the frame, the frame have the screw hole, the mounting means be when vertical, the front end of casing (2) have the frame, the frame have the screw hole, the side of casing (2) be provided with wire and draw forth hole and screw hole, the back lid have wiring bridge and insulating wire box, the casing surface has the fin, the fin is axial distribution, axostylus axostyle (10) stretch out from the back lid and be connected with radiator fan, the rear end cover has the fan housing, perhaps, the rear end cover be provided with wire and draw forth hole and screw hole, the rear end cover have wiring bridge and insulating wire box.

10. A closed reluctance motor according to claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8 or claim 9, characterized in that: when the lead frames (3) are three-phase and multi-group, the electromagnetic field arrangement mode of the multi-group three-phase lead frames (3) is diode magnetic field arrangement, quadrupole magnetic field arrangement, hexapole magnetic field arrangement or octapole magnetic field arrangement.

11. The closed reluctance motor according to claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4 or claim 5 or claim 6 or claim 7 or claim 8 or claim 9 or claim 10, characterized in that: the closed reluctance motor is provided with a position sensor, the position sensor comprises one or more of an electromagnetic position sensor, a magnetic-sensitive position sensor and a photoelectric position sensor, an electromagnetic induction coil is arranged in the shell (2), a Hall circuit is arranged in the shell, a rotary transformer is arranged at the tail end of the shaft lever (10), a magnetic encoder is arranged in the shell, or a photosensitive signal sensor is arranged in the shell, and current passes through the feedback of the position sensor and the control of a motor controller, so that the lead frame (3) forms a rotating magnetic field to drive the reluctance body (11) to synchronously rotate.