CN113489275B - Stator partition type alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on mixed pole rotor - Google Patents
Stator partition type alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on mixed pole rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113489275B CN113489275B CN202110784194.9A CN202110784194A CN113489275B CN 113489275 B CN113489275 B CN 113489275B CN 202110784194 A CN202110784194 A CN 202110784194A CN 113489275 B CN113489275 B CN 113489275B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/04—Machines with one rotor and two stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stator partition type alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on a mixed pole rotor, which comprises an outer stator, the mixed pole rotor, an inner stator, an armature winding and an alternating current excitation winding, wherein the outer stator is connected with the mixed pole rotor through a connecting rod; the outer stator, the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator are coaxially arranged from outside to inside in sequence, a main air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the outer stator, and an auxiliary air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator; the armature winding is wound in a stator slot of the outer stator, and the number of pole pairs of the armature winding is equal to p; the alternating current excitation winding is wound in a stator slot of the inner stator, the number of pole pairs of the alternating current excitation winding is equal to i, and p =3i or p =5 i; wherein i is a positive integer; the mixed pole rotor is capable of generating a p-order harmonic and an i-order harmonic within the main air gap. The invention can effectively improve the space utilization rate and the power density; each pole of excitation magnetic potential energy acts on a plurality of iron core poles simultaneously; the utilization rate and the magnetic regulation efficiency of the alternating-current excitation winding are both effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor design and manufacture, in particular to a stator partition type alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on a mixed pole rotor.
Background
Due to the advantages of high torque/power density, high efficiency, high power factor and the like, the permanent magnet motor is widely applied to the industrial field and household appliances, and has great competitiveness in electric vehicles, ship propulsion and aviation aerospace.
However, field weakening of permanent magnet motors is achieved by controlling the direct-axis current component in the armature windingi d ) The permanent magnet has the risk of irreversible demagnetization, and weak magnetic capacity is limited. Moreover, when the permanent magnet motor is applied to power generation occasions such as ships or aviation power supplies, a full-power controllable converter is needed to realize voltage regulation, and the weight and the cost of the system are increased.
The hybrid excitation motor with two magnetic potential sources (excitation windings and permanent magnets) not only has the advantage of convenient magnetic field adjustment of the electric excitation motor, but also has the advantages of high power density, high efficiency and the like of the permanent magnet motor. Therefore, the hybrid excitation motor has important application prospect in occasions requiring wide rotating speed or wide load range operation.
For a common rotor permanent magnet type hybrid excitation motor, the power supply mode according to the excitation current can be divided into: a direct current excitation type and an alternating current excitation type. The brushless design of the direct current excitation type hybrid excitation motor usually needs a three-dimensional magnetic circuit or a rotating rectifier, the structure is complex, and the rotating rectifier has poor adaptability at high speed and high temperature. The alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation motor is simple and reliable in brushless, and an excitation magnetic field rotating synchronously with the rotor can be generated by introducing direct-axis current into the alternating current winding.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stator partitioned ac excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on a mixed pole rotor, which can effectively improve the space utilization rate and power density; each pole of excitation magnetic potential energy acts on a plurality of iron core poles simultaneously; the utilization rate and the magnetic regulation efficiency of the alternating-current excitation winding are both effectively improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a stator partition type alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on a mixed pole rotor comprises an outer stator, the mixed pole rotor, an inner stator, an armature winding and an alternating current excitation winding.
The outer stator, the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator are coaxially arranged from outside to inside in sequence, a main air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the outer stator, and an auxiliary air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator.
The armature winding is wound in the stator slot of the outer stator, and the number of pole pairs of the armature winding is equal to p.
The alternating current excitation winding is wound in a stator slot of the inner stator, the number of pole pairs of the alternating current excitation winding is equal to i, and p =3i or p =5 i; wherein i is a positive integer.
The mixed pole rotor is capable of generating a p-order harmonic and an i-order harmonic within the main air gap.
The mixed-pole rotor comprises a rotor iron core, permanent magnet poles, iron core poles and tangential magnetic steels.
When p =3i, the number of the permanent magnet poles is 2i, and the number of the tangential magnetic steels is 2 i; 2i tangential magnetic steels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnetic steels are opposite along the circumferential direction; a permanent magnet pole is arranged in the rotor core between two adjacent tangential magnetic steels; an iron core pole is formed between each permanent magnet pole and the adjacent tangential magnetic steel; the magnetizing directions of two adjacent permanent magnet poles are opposite.
When p =5i, the number of the permanent magnet poles is 4i, and the number of the tangential magnetic steels is 2 i; 2i tangential magnetic steels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnetic steels are opposite along the circumferential direction; two permanent magnet poles with the same polarity are arranged in a rotor iron core between two adjacent tangential magnetic steels, and an iron core pole is formed between the two permanent magnet poles with the same polarity; an iron core pole is respectively formed between the tangential magnetic steel and the adjacent permanent magnet poles.
The permanent magnet in each permanent magnet pole is a surface-mounted permanent magnet.
The permanent magnet in each permanent magnet pole is a built-in permanent magnet, and each built-in permanent magnet is a one or multi-layer mixed type of a linear shape, a V shape, a W shape and a U shape.
The top and the bottom of each tangential magnetic steel are provided with mechanical connecting bridges.
The direct-axis component of the alternating-current excitation winding current is controlled to provide excitation flux, and the harmonic content of the main air gap magnetic field is adjusted, so that the magnetic regulation and the voltage regulation are realized.
When direct-axis current is introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding, the generated electromagnetic flux path is as follows: the inner stator core → the sub air gap → the rotor core yoke → the core pole → the main air gap → the outer stator core → the main air gap → the core pole → the rotor core yoke → the sub air gap → the inner stator core.
When the direct-axis current introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding is negative direct-axis current, the i-order harmonic content generated in the main air gap magnetic field is reduced, and the p-order harmonic content is increased, so that the phase flux linkage and the opposite electromotive force in the armature winding are increased, and the magnetization is realized; when the direct-axis current introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding is the positive direct-axis current, the i-order harmonic content generated by the main air gap magnetic field is increased, and the p-order harmonic content is reduced, so that the phase flux linkage and the opposite electromotive force in the armature winding are reduced, and the field weakening is realized.
The required magnetic regulation and output capacity can be obtained by adjusting the inner diameter proportion of the outer stator, the inner stator and the mixed pole rotor.
Can be electrically operated and can be used for generating electricity.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the armature winding and the alternating-current excitation winding are respectively positioned on the two stators, so that the mutual constraint of the two sets of windings in a single stator structure is reduced (the slot area in the single stator is fixed, the larger the proportion of the excitation winding is, the better the magnetic regulation performance is, but the proportion of the armature winding is reduced, and the power density is reduced). The AC excitation winding is positioned on the inner stator, so that the space utilization rate and the power density are effectively improved.
2. The number of pole pairs of the armature winding is an odd multiple of the number of pole pairs of the alternating-current excitation winding, and the magnetic potential of each pole generated by the excitation winding can simultaneously adjust the main air gap magnetic flux corresponding to a plurality of iron core poles (for example 1, the alternating-current excitation winding generates 4-pole excitation magnetomotive force, and each-pole excitation magnetomotive force simultaneously acts on two iron core poles; for a mixed-pole rotor with p =5i, each-pole excitation magnetomotive force simultaneously acts on three iron core poles).
3. Each pole of excitation magnetomotive force directly acts on a yoke part of a rotor core (the sectional area of the yoke part of the rotor core is larger than that of the core pole, and the yoke part and the core pole of the rotor core have high magnetic conductivity characteristics) and then is conducted to the core pole and a main air gap. Therefore, the utilization rate and the magnetic regulation efficiency of the alternating-current excitation winding are effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a stator-partitioned ac excitation hybrid brushless motor using a hybrid pole rotor according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram (half model) of magnetic force line distribution in the single permanent magnet operation mode in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic density distribution of the main air gap in the single permanent magnet operation mode in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram (half model) of magnetic flux distribution in the single electrically excited operation mode in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the magnetic density distribution of the main air gap in the hybrid excitation (magnetization) operation mode in embodiment 1.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the magnetic density components of the main air gap in example 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing analysis of the flux linkage of the armature winding in example 1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the counter electromotive force of the armature winding in embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is a configuration diagram of a stator-partitioned ac excitation hybrid brushless motor according to the hybrid-pole rotor in embodiment 2.
Among them are:
10. an outer stator core; 11. an armature winding;
20. an inner stator core; 21. an AC excitation winding;
30. a rotor core; 31. a permanent magnet pole; 32. an iron core pole; 33. tangential magnetic steel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, "first", "second", etc. do not represent an important degree of the component, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in the present example are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1 a three-phase system was prepared with Ns1=36, Ns2=12,p=3i,i=2 as example
As shown in fig. 1, a stator-partitioned ac excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on a mixed-pole rotor includes an outer stator, a mixed-pole rotor, an inner stator, an armature winding 11, and an ac excitation winding 21.
The outer stator, the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator are coaxially arranged from outside to inside in sequence, a main air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the outer stator, and an auxiliary air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator.
The outer stator comprises an outer stator core 10, the number of stator slots of the outer stator core is preferably Ns1=36, armature windings are wound in the stator slots of the outer stator, and the number of pole pairs of the armature windings is equal to p. The armature winding comprises A, B, C three-phase winding, wherein the A phase can be formed by connecting A1, A2, A3, A4, A5 and A6 coils in series or in parallel; and the phases B and C are analogized in the same way.
The inner stator comprises an inner stator iron core 20, the number of stator slots of the inner stator iron core is preferably Ns2=12, an alternating current excitation winding is wound in the stator slots of the inner stator, the number of pole pairs of the alternating current excitation winding is equal to i, and p =3i or p =5 i; wherein i is a positive integer.
In the present embodiment 1, i =2 and p =3i =6 are preferable. Alternatively, p can be expanded to other odd multiples of i.
The mixed pole rotor is capable of generating a p-order harmonic and an i-order harmonic within the main air gap.
The mixed pole rotor comprises a rotor core 30, permanent magnet poles 31, core poles 32 and tangential magnetic steels 33.
The rotor iron core, the outer stator iron core and the inner stator iron core are made of magnetic materials.
When p =3i, the number of the permanent magnet poles is 2i, and the number of the tangential magnetic steels is 2 i; 2i tangential magnetic steels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnetic steels are opposite along the circumferential direction; a permanent magnet pole is arranged in the rotor core between two adjacent tangential magnetic steels; an iron core pole is formed between each permanent magnet pole and the adjacent tangential magnetic steel; the magnetizing directions of two adjacent permanent magnet poles are opposite.
When p =5i, the number of the permanent magnet poles is 4i, and the number of the tangential magnetic steels is 2 i; 2i tangential magnetic steels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnetic steels are opposite along the circumferential direction; two permanent magnet poles with the same polarity are arranged in a rotor iron core between two adjacent tangential magnetic steels, and an iron core pole is formed between the two permanent magnet poles with the same polarity; an iron core pole is formed between the tangential magnetic steel and the adjacent permanent magnet poles.
In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, p =6, the number of permanent magnet poles is 4, the number of tangential magnetic steels is also 4, and the permanent magnet in each permanent magnet pole is preferably a surface-mounted permanent magnet.
The top and the bottom of every tangential magnet steel all are provided with the mechanical connection bridge, and the radial thickness of mechanical connection bridge is very thin, only need guarantee rotor core mechanical connection, and avoid tangential magnet steel receive rotor centrifugal force and drop can.
The magnetic lines of force of the permanent magnet poles and the tangential magnetic steel in the independent working mode are distributed as shown in figure 2, and the air gap flux density generated in the main air gap is distributed as shown in figure 3.
When a direct-axis current is introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding, an excitation magnetic field which rotates synchronously with the rotor can be generated, and as shown in fig. 4, the generated electric excitation magnetic flux path is as follows: the inner stator core → the sub air gap → the rotor core yoke → the core pole → the main air gap → the outer stator core → the main air gap → the core pole → the rotor core yoke → the sub air gap → the inner stator core.
The invention provides excitation magnetic flux by controlling the direct-axis component (namely the excitation component) of the alternating-current excitation winding current, and adjusts the harmonic content of the main air gap magnetic field, thereby realizing the magnetic regulation and the voltage regulation.
The specific magnetic regulation mode is as follows:
A. and (3) magnetizing: when the direct-axis current introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding is negative direct-axis current, the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the electric excitation at the air gap corresponding to the iron core pole is opposite to the direction of the magnetic flux generated by the adjacent permanent magnet pole at the air gap corresponding to the permanent magnet pole, the i-order (namely 2-order) harmonic content generated in the main air gap magnetic field is reduced, and the p-order (6-order) harmonic content is increased (compare with fig. 3, 5 and 6), so that the phase flux linkage and the opposite electromotive force in the armature winding are increased (respectively shown in fig. 7 and 8), and the magnetization is realized.
B. Flux weakening: when the direct-axis current introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding is the positive direct-axis current, the i-order harmonic content generated by the main air gap magnetic field is increased, and the p-order harmonic content is reduced, so that the phase flux linkage and the opposite electromotive force in the armature winding are reduced, and the field weakening is realized.
C. The required magnetic regulation and output capacity can be obtained by flexibly adjusting the inner diameter proportion of the stator and the rotor according to different application occasions and requirements.
Example 2
Basically the same as example 1, except that: as shown in fig. 9, the permanent magnets in each permanent magnet pole are all built-in permanent magnets, and each built-in permanent magnet may be a "straight", V, W, U, or the like, or may be a multi-layer hybrid type.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent changes may be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is also covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a stator partition formula exchanges excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor based on mixed pole rotor which characterized in that: the hybrid pole motor comprises an outer stator, a hybrid pole rotor, an inner stator, an armature winding and an alternating current excitation winding;
the outer stator, the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator are coaxially arranged from outside to inside in sequence, a main air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the outer stator, and an auxiliary air gap is formed between the mixed pole rotor and the inner stator;
the armature winding is wound in a stator slot of the outer stator, and the number of pole pairs of the armature winding is equal to p;
the alternating current excitation winding is wound in a stator slot of the inner stator, the number of pole pairs of the alternating current excitation winding is equal to i, and p =5 i; wherein i is a positive integer;
the mixed pole rotor can generate p-order harmonic waves and i-order harmonic waves in a main air gap;
the direct-axis component of the alternating-current excitation winding current is controlled to provide excitation flux, and the harmonic content of the main air gap magnetic field is adjusted, so that the magnetic regulation and the voltage regulation are realized;
when the direct-axis current introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding is negative direct-axis current, the i-order harmonic content generated in the main air gap magnetic field is reduced, and the p-order harmonic content is increased, so that the phase flux linkage and the opposite electromotive force in the armature winding are increased, and the magnetization is realized; when the direct axis current introduced into the alternating current excitation winding is the positive direct axis current, the i-order harmonic content generated by the main air gap magnetic field is increased, and the p-order harmonic content is reduced, so that the phase flux linkage and the opposite electromotive force in the armature winding are reduced, and the field weakening is realized;
the required magnetic regulation and output capacity can be obtained by adjusting the inner diameter proportion of the outer stator, the inner stator and the mixed pole rotor.
2. The hybrid pole rotor based stator-partitioned alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixed pole rotor comprises a rotor iron core, a permanent magnet pole, an iron core pole and tangential magnetic steel;
when p =5i, the number of the permanent magnet poles is 4i, and the number of the tangential magnetic steels is 2 i; 2i tangential magnetic steels are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent tangential magnetic steels are opposite along the circumferential direction; two permanent magnet poles with the same polarity are arranged in a rotor iron core between two adjacent tangential magnetic steels, and an iron core pole is formed between the two permanent magnet poles with the same polarity; an iron core pole is respectively formed between the tangential magnetic steel and the adjacent permanent magnet poles.
3. The hybrid pole rotor-based stator-partitioned alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the permanent magnet in each permanent magnet pole is a surface-mounted permanent magnet.
4. The hybrid pole rotor based stator-partitioned alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the permanent magnet in each permanent magnet pole is a built-in permanent magnet, and each built-in permanent magnet is a one or multi-layer mixed type of a linear shape, a V shape, a W shape and a U shape.
5. The hybrid pole rotor based stator-partitioned alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top and the bottom of each tangential magnetic steel are provided with mechanical connecting bridges.
6. The hybrid pole rotor-based stator-partitioned alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: when direct-axis current is introduced into the alternating-current excitation winding, the generated electromagnetic flux path is as follows: inner stator core → sub air gap → rotor core yoke → core pole → main air gap → outer stator core → main air gap → core pole → rotor core yoke → sub air gap → inner stator core.
7. The hybrid pole rotor based stator-partitioned alternating current excitation type hybrid excitation brushless motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: can be electrically operated and can be used for generating electricity.
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US9231457B2 (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2016-01-05 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Double stator switched reluctance apparatus |
JP6477256B2 (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2019-03-06 | 株式会社デンソー | Rotating electric machine |
CN205407445U (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-07-27 | 河南理工大学 | Novel permanent -magnet machine rotor that mixes magnetic circuit |
CN108880038B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-11-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Mixed-pole rotor and motor |
CN109560675B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-03-31 | 东南大学 | Mixed excitation permanent magnet motor based on three-section type stator axial complementary structure |
CN112467951A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-09 | 东南大学 | Double-stator alternate-pole brushless hybrid excitation motor |
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DE3618667A1 (en) * | 1986-06-03 | 1987-12-10 | Jozef Dipl Ing Dr Varga | UNIMOT electrical two-motor drive having a hybrid reversible-pole drum winding |
CN111404342A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-07-10 | 东南大学 | Combined rotor modulator magnetic gear composite motor |
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