CN118137284A - Control device of semiconductor laser - Google Patents
Control device of semiconductor laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN118137284A CN118137284A CN202410070405.6A CN202410070405A CN118137284A CN 118137284 A CN118137284 A CN 118137284A CN 202410070405 A CN202410070405 A CN 202410070405A CN 118137284 A CN118137284 A CN 118137284A
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/024—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S5/02407—Active cooling, e.g. the laser temperature is controlled by a thermo-electric cooler or water cooling
- H01S5/02415—Active cooling, e.g. the laser temperature is controlled by a thermo-electric cooler or water cooling by using a thermo-electric cooler [TEC], e.g. Peltier element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
- H01S5/06804—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring an external parameter, e.g. temperature
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser gas detection photoelectric instruments, in particular to a control device of a semiconductor laser, which comprises: the thermistor is used for sensing the change of the environmental temperature and carrying out resistance change; the voltage acquisition unit is connected with two ends of the thermistor and used for acquiring real-time voltages of the two ends of the thermistor; the microcontroller is connected with the voltage acquisition unit and used for comparing the real-time voltage with a preset target voltage to obtain a real-time comparison result and generating an output voltage based on the real-time comparison result; a thermoelectric cooler driver connected to the microcontroller for generating a current control command based on the output voltage; the thermoelectric cooler is connected with the thermoelectric cooler driver and used for refrigerating or heating based on the current control instruction, and when the external temperature changes, the temperature difference is compensated by controlling the refrigerating or heating of the thermoelectric cooler, so that the influence of sunlight, natural wind and the temperature change of the laser on the current control of the laser is effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser gas detection photoelectric instruments, in particular to a control device of a semiconductor laser.
Background
At present, a temperature current control driver of a semiconductor laser is integrated in a system board for laser gas detection, the whole system is heavy and inconvenient for an unmanned aerial vehicle to carry when detecting gas, and the system is mainly used for carrying out ground gas measurement, so that the system cannot be used outdoors, particularly when the unmanned aerial vehicle moves and flies, and when the laser detects gas, the temperature current of the laser is affected by the interference of the sun or natural wind outdoors.
Therefore, how to effectively avoid the influence of sunlight or natural wind and the self-heat change of the laser on the temperature and current control of the laser is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a control device for a semiconductor laser that overcomes or at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems.
The invention provides a control device of a semiconductor laser, comprising:
The thermistor is arranged around the laser and used for sensing the change of the ambient temperature and carrying out resistance change;
The voltage acquisition unit is connected with two ends of the thermistor and used for acquiring real-time voltages of the two ends of the thermistor;
the microcontroller is connected with the voltage acquisition unit and used for comparing the real-time voltage with a preset target voltage to obtain a real-time comparison result and generating an output voltage based on the real-time comparison result;
A thermoelectric cooler driver connected to the microcontroller for generating a current control command based on the output voltage;
and the thermoelectric cooler is connected with the thermoelectric cooler driver and is positioned around the laser and used for refrigerating or heating based on the current control instruction.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and the first constant current source is used for providing constant current for the thermistor.
Preferably, the microcontroller is configured to generate the output voltage according to the following algorithm based on the comparison result:
Wherein u k is output voltage, e k is real-time comparison result at current time, e k-1 is real-time comparison result at previous time, e j is real-time comparison result at any time, T i is integration time of the microcontroller, T d is differential time of the microcontroller, T is execution period of the microcontroller, and kp is proportionality coefficient of proportionality operation.
Preferably, the thermoelectric cooler driver,
A current control command for generating a forward current or a reverse current based on the output voltage.
Preferably, the thermoelectric cooler is configured to:
When the current control instruction is forward current, refrigerating is carried out;
When the current control command is a reverse current, heating is performed.
Preferably, the protection circuit is connected with the microcontroller, the voltage-controlled constant current source and the thermistor and is used for controlling the laser to be turned off when the temperature is abnormal or the current is abnormal, wherein the voltage-controlled constant current source is used for providing current for the laser.
Preferably, one end of the protection circuit is connected with the thermistor through a voltage comparator, and the other end of the protection circuit is connected with a voltage-controlled constant current source through a current comparator.
Preferably, the protection circuit includes: d flip-flop, NOR gate, or gate;
The D flip-flop includes: the zero clearing end is connected with the current comparator through a first diode, the zero clearing end is connected with the voltage comparator through a second diode, the NOT gate output end is connected with the input end of the NOT gate and the input end of the OR gate, the output end of the NOT gate is connected with the thermoelectric cooler driver, and the output end of the OR gate is connected with the voltage-controlled constant current source;
Preferably, the voltage-controlled constant current source includes:
The MOS tube is connected with an external laser modulation signal interface at one end and is connected with the grounding end at the other end, and one end of the second constant current source is connected with the external laser modulation signal interface and is connected with the grounding end at the other end;
The output end of the OR gate is connected with the MOS tube;
When the current is abnormal or the temperature is too high, the output end of the OR gate outputs a high level, the MOS tube is conducted, the external laser modulation signal interface is grounded, the second constant current source stops working, and the output end of the NOR gate outputs a low level, so that the thermoelectric cooler driver is turned off.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
The device comprises a radiator and a shell, wherein the radiator is connected with a microcontroller, and the shell is used for packaging the microcontroller, a thermistor, a voltage acquisition unit, a thermoelectric cooler driver, a thermoelectric cooler and the radiator.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
The invention provides a control device of a semiconductor laser, comprising: the thermistor is arranged around the laser and used for sensing the change of the ambient temperature and carrying out resistance change; the voltage acquisition unit is connected with two ends of the thermistor and used for acquiring real-time voltages of the two ends of the thermistor; the microcontroller is connected with the voltage acquisition unit and used for comparing the real-time voltage with a preset target voltage to obtain a real-time comparison result and generating an output voltage based on the real-time comparison result; a thermoelectric cooler driver connected to the microcontroller for generating a current control command based on the output voltage; the thermoelectric cooler is connected with the thermoelectric cooler driver and is positioned around the laser and used for refrigerating or heating based on current control instructions, and when the external temperature changes or the self heat of the laser changes, the temperature difference is compensated by controlling the refrigerating or heating of the thermoelectric cooler, so that the influence of sunlight, natural wind and the self heat change of the laser on the current control of the laser is effectively avoided.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also throughout the drawings, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts. In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a control device of a semiconductor laser in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic front view of a laser driver in an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of a control device of a semiconductor laser in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a housing structure in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic back side view of a laser driver in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a laser disposed on a circuit board in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a control device for a semiconductor laser, as shown in fig. 1, including:
A thermistor 101, which is arranged around the laser and is used for sensing the change of the environmental temperature and carrying out the resistance change;
the voltage acquisition unit 102 is connected with two ends of the thermistor 101 and is used for acquiring target voltages of the two ends of the thermistor;
the microcontroller 103 is connected with the voltage acquisition unit 102 and is used for comparing the target voltage with a preset voltage to obtain a real-time comparison result and generating an output voltage based on the real-time comparison result;
a thermoelectric cooler driver 104 connected to the microcontroller 103 for generating a current control command based on the output voltage;
the thermoelectric cooler 105 is connected to the thermoelectric cooler driver 104, and is located around the laser, and is used for cooling or heating based on the current control command.
In a specific embodiment, the device mainly has two modes, one is a parameter configuration mode and the other is a use mode. As shown in fig. 2, a front view of the laser driver is shown, including a program download interface 201, a power port 202, a microcontroller 203, an external laser modulation signal interface 204, a DB9 interface 205, and a USB-Micro-B interface 206, and a copper pillar hole 207. The DB9 interface 205 is used to connect the control device. Such as a thermistor 101, a thermoelectric cooler 105, a light emitting tube, etc., connected to the inside of the device. The control device is connected with the laser driver.
In the parameter configuration mode, the USB-Micro-B interface 205 is connected to a computer, so that the temperature to be controlled and the related parameters of the PID algorithm in the next flight are input, and the device can store the input parameters in the user FLASH area of the microcontroller.
When the laser driver is detected not to be connected with a computer in the use mode, the laser driver automatically enters the use mode, the temperature control is performed by reading parameters in a FLASH area, and then the control device works.
First, the thermistor 101 is disposed around the laser for sensing the change of the ambient temperature, wherein the external sunlight irradiates to raise the temperature, and the natural wind raises the heat dissipation, thereby lowering the temperature, and of course, also includes the change of the heat of the laser itself.
As shown in fig. 3, since the thermistor 101 is connected to the first constant current source 301, the first constant current source 301 is used to supply a constant current to the thermistor. When the external temperature increases, the resistance of the thermistor 101 decreases, and thus the voltage across the thermistor 101 decreases, and similarly, when the external temperature decreases, the voltage across the thermistor 101 increases. Next, the voltage acquisition unit 102 is connected to both ends of the thermistor 101 for acquiring a real-time voltage across the thermistor, which is formed by injecting a current of the first constant current source 301 into the thermistor 101, which changes over time.
The microcontroller 103 stores a preset target voltage, the microcontroller 103 makes a difference between the real-time voltage and the preset target voltage to obtain a real-time comparison result, and the real-time comparison result is input into a PID algorithm for calculation, and the PID result is a voltage output value of 0 to 3V, namely the output voltage.
Specifically, the microcontroller 103 is configured to generate an output voltage according to the following algorithm based on the real-time comparison result:
Wherein u k is output voltage, e k is real-time comparison result at current time, e k-1 is real-time comparison result at previous time, e j is real-time comparison result at any time, T i is integration time of the microcontroller, T d is differential time of the microcontroller, T is execution period of the microcontroller, and kp is proportionality coefficient of proportionality operation.
The microcontroller 103 is connected to an external DAC, then, acts on the thermoelectric cooler driver 104, and then, the thermoelectric cooler driver 104 generates a current control instruction of a forward current or a current control instruction of a reverse current based on the output voltage.
Finally, a thermoelectric cooler 105 is connected to the thermoelectric cooler driver 104, and the thermoelectric cooler 105 is provided around the laser for cooling or heating based on the current control instruction. Wherein the thermoelectric cooler 105 is for: when the current control instruction is forward current, refrigerating is carried out; when the current control command is a reverse current, heating is performed.
Specifically, taking a normal output voltage of 0-3V as an example, if the output voltage is greater than 1.5V, generating a current control instruction of forward current, so as to control the thermoelectric cooler to perform refrigeration, wherein the larger the forward current value is, the larger the refrigeration capacity is; when the output voltage is less than or equal to 1.5V, a current control instruction of reverse current is generated, so that the thermoelectric cooler is controlled to heat, and the larger the reverse current value is, the larger the heating quantity is.
The devices are disposed on the front side of the circuit board.
The apparatus further comprises: a heat sink is coupled to the microcontroller 103 for providing a good operating environment for the thermoelectric cooler 105.
Specifically, the heat sink is provided on the back surface of the circuit board, and as shown in fig. 5, a heat sink 502 is mounted through a mounting hole 501.
When the temperature control is proper, the current control is turned on, so that the current is supplied to the laser to output laser light, and the current modulation of the laser is started. As shown in fig. 6, a laser 601 is also provided on the circuit board, the laser 601 being supported by a copper pillar, wherein the copper pillar is fixed by a copper pillar hole 207.
The current modulation is input by an external laser modulation signal interface 302, and a voltage signal enters a voltage-controlled constant current source 303 after passing through a voltage follower 303, and passes through the voltage-controlled constant current source 303, so that the laser current is controlled.
To ensure that the current and temperature of the laser are normal, the apparatus further comprises: a protection circuit 304, the protection circuit 304 is connected with the microcontroller 103, the voltage-controlled constant current source 303 and the thermistor 101, and is used for controlling the laser to be turned off when the temperature is abnormal or the current is abnormal, wherein the voltage-controlled constant current source 303 is used for providing current for the laser.
One end of the protection circuit 304 is connected to the thermistor 101 through a voltage comparator 305, and the other end is connected to the voltage-controlled constant current source 303 through a current comparator 306.
The protection circuit 304 includes: d flip-flop, nor gate, or gate. The D flip-flop includes a zero clearing end and an inverter output end, the zero clearing end is connected to the current comparator 306 through the first diode D1, the zero clearing end is connected to the voltage comparator 305 through the second diode D2, the inverter output end is connected to the input end of the nor gate and the input end of the or gate, the output end of the nor gate is connected to the thermoelectric cooler driver 104, and the output end of the or gate is connected to the voltage-controlled constant current source 303.
The connection relation between the specific structure in the protection circuit 304 and the microcontroller 103, the thermistor 101 and the voltage-controlled constant current source 303 is described in detail.
The voltage controlled constant current source 303 is described below.
As shown in fig. 3, the voltage-controlled constant current source 303 includes: the second constant current source, the MOS tube and the grounding end, wherein one end of the MOS tube is connected with the external laser modulation signal interface 302, and specifically is connected with the external laser modulation signal interface 302 through a voltage follower. The other end of the MOS tube is connected with the grounding end, one end of the second constant current source is connected with an external laser modulation signal interface, and the other end of the second constant current source is connected with the grounding end; the output end of the OR gate is connected with the MOS tube.
The specific protection process is as follows:
When the current is abnormal, the current comparator 306 outputs a low level to pass through the first diode D1 and pulls down the zero clearing end of the D flip-flop, after the D flip-flop is cleared, the output end of the not gate outputs a high level, when the nor gate and the not gate are allowed to work, the not gate signal of the D flip-flop makes the nor gate output a low level, and the signal is connected to the start-stop pin of the TEC controller of the thermoelectric cooler driver 104, so that the thermoelectric cooler 105 stops working. Meanwhile, the signal output end of the or gate outputs a high level, and the high level signal enables the MOS tube of the voltage-controlled constant current source 303 to be conducted, so that the control signal is directly connected to the grounding end, and the voltage-controlled constant current source 303 is controlled to stop working, and the laser is stopped.
Similarly, when the temperature is abnormal, the voltage comparator 305 outputs a low level to pull down the zero clearing end of the D flip-flop through the second diode D2, and the subsequent control is similar to the current abnormality. The thermoelectric cooler 105 is also controlled to stop working and the laser is controlled to stop working.
Finally, as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus further includes: a housing 401, the housing 401 for enclosing the microcontroller 103, the thermistor 101, the voltage acquisition unit 103, the thermoelectric cooler driver 104, the thermoelectric cooler 105 and the heat sink. The housing 401 includes: a laser light outlet hole 4011, a power supply hole 4012, and an external laser modulation signal interface hole 4013. By the encapsulation of the housing 401, the interference of the external environment to the laser can also be effectively avoided.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
The invention provides a control device of a semiconductor laser, comprising: the thermistor is arranged around the laser and used for sensing the change of the ambient temperature and carrying out resistance change; the voltage acquisition unit is connected with two ends of the thermistor and used for acquiring real-time voltages of the two ends of the thermistor; the microcontroller is connected with the voltage acquisition unit and used for comparing the real-time voltage with a preset target voltage to obtain a real-time comparison result and generating an output voltage based on the real-time comparison result; a thermoelectric cooler driver connected to the microcontroller for generating a current control command based on the output voltage; the thermoelectric cooler is connected with the thermoelectric cooler driver and is positioned around the laser and used for refrigerating or heating based on the current control instruction, and when the external temperature changes, the temperature difference is compensated by controlling the refrigerating or heating of the thermoelectric cooler, so that the influence of sunlight, natural wind and the temperature change of the laser on the current control of the laser is effectively avoided.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A control device for a semiconductor laser, comprising:
The thermistor is arranged around the laser and used for sensing the change of the ambient temperature and carrying out resistance change;
The voltage acquisition unit is connected with two ends of the thermistor and used for acquiring real-time voltages of the two ends of the thermistor;
the microcontroller is connected with the voltage acquisition unit and used for comparing the real-time voltage with a preset target voltage to obtain a real-time comparison result and generating an output voltage based on the real-time comparison result;
A thermoelectric cooler driver connected to the microcontroller for generating a current control command based on the output voltage;
And the thermoelectric cooler is connected with the thermoelectric cooler driver and positioned around the laser and is used for refrigerating or heating based on the current control instruction.
2. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising: and the first constant current source is used for providing constant current for the thermistor.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the microcontroller is configured to generate the output voltage based on the comparison result according to the following algorithm:
Wherein u k is output voltage, e k is real-time comparison result at current time, e k-1 is real-time comparison result at previous time, e j is real-time comparison result at any time, T i is integration time of the microcontroller, T d is differential time of the microcontroller, T is execution period of the microcontroller, and kp is proportionality coefficient of proportionality operation.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the thermoelectric cooler driver,
A current control command for generating a forward current or a reverse current based on the output voltage.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the thermoelectric cooler is configured to:
When the current control instruction is forward current, refrigerating is carried out;
When the current control command is a reverse current, heating is performed.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a protection circuit is connected to the microcontroller, the voltage controlled constant current source, and the thermistor for controlling the turn-off of the laser in the event of a temperature anomaly or a current anomaly, wherein the voltage controlled constant current source is configured to provide current to the laser.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the protection circuit has one end connected to the thermistor through a voltage comparator and the other end connected to a voltage controlled constant current source through a current comparator.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the protection circuit comprises: d flip-flop, NOR gate, or gate;
The D flip-flop includes: the zero clearing end is connected with the current comparator through a first diode, the zero clearing end is connected with the voltage comparator through a second diode, the output end of the NOT gate is connected with the input end of the NOT gate and the input end of the OR gate, the output end of the NOT gate is connected with the thermoelectric cooler driver, and the output end of the OR gate is connected with the voltage-controlled constant current source.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the voltage controlled constant current source comprises:
The MOS tube is connected with an external laser modulation signal interface at one end and is connected with the grounding end at the other end, and one end of the second constant current source is connected with the external laser modulation signal interface and is connected with the grounding end at the other end;
The output end of the OR gate is connected with the MOS tube;
When the current is abnormal or the temperature is too high, the output end of the OR gate outputs a high level, the MOS tube is conducted, the external laser modulation signal interface is grounded, the second constant current source stops working, and the output end of the NOR gate outputs a low level, so that the thermoelectric cooler driver is turned off.
10. The apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
The device comprises a radiator and a shell, wherein the radiator is connected with a microcontroller, and the shell is used for packaging the microcontroller, a thermistor, a voltage acquisition unit, a thermoelectric cooler driver, a thermoelectric cooler and the radiator.
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| CN202410070405.6A CN118137284B (en) | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-17 | Control device of semiconductor laser |
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| CN202410070405.6A CN118137284B (en) | 2024-01-17 | 2024-01-17 | Control device of semiconductor laser |
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