CN118082458A - Fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on liquid chemical battery - Google Patents
Fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on liquid chemical battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN118082458A CN118082458A CN202211439451.6A CN202211439451A CN118082458A CN 118082458 A CN118082458 A CN 118082458A CN 202211439451 A CN202211439451 A CN 202211439451A CN 118082458 A CN118082458 A CN 118082458A
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- liquid
- fuel cell
- thermochemical
- waste heat
- waste
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on a liquid chemical cell, which comprises a waste heat collection system and a thermoelectric conversion system; the invention converts waste liquid waste heat generated by the fuel cell engine into electric energy through the liquid thermochemical battery pack, stores the electric energy in the 24V storage battery, provides electric energy for the radiator through the 24V storage battery, cools the waste liquid through the radiator, and is used for heat dissipation of the fuel cell engine through the water pump again as new cooling liquid; the invention can effectively achieve the waste heat utilization, improve the energy efficiency of the system and reduce the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat management of new energy commercial vehicles, in particular to a fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on a liquid chemical cell.
Background
The fuel cell is a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy into electric energy, and the proper working temperature of the proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell (proton exchange membrane fuel cell, PEMFC) is generally 60-80 ℃ and a few can reach 90 ℃. Too low a temperature may result in reduced catalyst activity, severe ohmic polarization, and increased cell resistance inside the fuel cell, thereby degrading cell performance. The high temperature can aggravate evaporation of liquid water in the battery to cause dehydration and drying of the proton exchange membrane, prevent conduction of hydrogen ions and reduce the efficiency of the battery, and long-term high temperature can also damage the service life of the battery.
The thermal management performance is an important factor affecting the working efficiency, the service life and the safety of the fuel cell, and is a technical hot spot for the current research of fuel cell automobiles. Compared with the traditional fuel vehicle, the operating temperature of the fuel cell vehicle system is lower, the temperature difference between the radiator and the environment is smaller, the heat released by the fuel cell vehicle system through emission is far lower than that of the fuel vehicle, and more than 90% of heat dissipation of the system needs to pass through the thermal management system, so that the fuel cell vehicle has higher requirements on thermal management.
The core of a liquid thermochemical battery is a liquid electrolyte, inside which redox ions, i.e. redox couples, are required to be contained. When there is a temperature difference between the two electrodes, the oxidation-reduction pair has different reaction directions on the surfaces of the high-temperature electrode and the low-temperature electrode, and the high-temperature electrode is possibly changed from a reduction state to an oxidation state, and the low-temperature electrode is changed from the oxidation state to the reduction state; one end loses electrons, and the other end gets electrons, and then the electrons are transmitted through the middle substances, so that balance and electric energy output are realized. The waste heat discharged by the fuel cell can be directly converted into electric energy by utilizing the liquid thermochemical cell, so that the energy conversion rate is improved, the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, and the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell engine is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on a liquid chemical cell, which converts waste heat into electric energy through a liquid thermochemical battery pack, so that the waste heat utilization can be effectively realized, the energy efficiency of the system is improved, and the heat dissipation requirement of a fuel cell engine is reduced.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on a liquid chemical cell comprises a waste heat collection system and a thermoelectric conversion system;
The waste heat collection system is used for inputting waste liquid heat collected by the fuel cell engine into the thermoelectric conversion system;
The thermoelectric conversion system is used for converting waste liquid heat of the fuel cell engine into electric energy; simultaneously cooling the waste liquid of the fuel cell engine;
the waste liquid of the fuel cell engine after electric energy and temperature reduction is reused in the waste heat collecting system.
Preferably, the waste heat collection system comprises a fuel cell engine, a liquid thermochemical battery pack, a radiator and a water pump;
The thermoelectric conversion system comprises a liquid thermochemical battery pack, a 24V storage battery, a fan and a radiator.
Preferably, the liquid thermochemical battery pack comprises a plate heat exchanger and a thermal thermochemical battery;
The plate heat exchanger in the liquid thermochemical battery pack is used for transferring the waste liquid heat of the fuel cell engine to the thermal thermochemical battery;
The thermal state thermochemical battery in the liquid thermochemical battery pack is used for converting waste liquid heat of the fuel cell engine into electric energy.
Preferably, the liquid thermochemical battery pack outputs electric energy for charging a 24V storage battery;
The liquid thermochemical battery pack outputs the cooled waste liquid of the fuel cell engine for being input into a radiator;
The 24V storage battery is used for supplying power to the fan;
The fan is used for providing air quantity and air speed for the radiator;
the radiator is used for cooling the cooled waste liquid of the fuel cell engine.
Preferably, the water pump and the liquid inlet of the fuel cell engine are provided with a second temperature sensor; the liquid outlet of the fuel cell engine and the liquid thermochemical battery pack are provided with a first temperature sensor.
Preferably, a third temperature sensor is arranged between the liquid outlet of the liquid thermochemical battery pack and the radiator.
Preferably, the waste heat collection system further comprises a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve, wherein the first three-way valve is connected between the fuel cell engine and the liquid thermochemical battery pack, the second three-way valve is connected between the radiator and the water pump, and the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are respectively connected to the PTC heater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The invention converts waste liquid waste heat generated by the fuel cell engine into electric energy through the liquid thermochemical battery pack, stores the electric energy in the 24V storage battery, provides electric energy for the radiator through the 24V storage battery, cools the waste liquid through the radiator, and is used for heat dissipation of the fuel cell engine through the water pump again as new cooling liquid; the invention can effectively achieve the waste heat utilization, improve the energy efficiency of the system and reduce the heat dissipation requirement of the fuel cell engine.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a waste heat utilization system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the liquid thermochemical battery principle of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. A fuel cell engine; 21. a first temperature sensor; 22. a second temperature sensor; 23. a third temperature sensor; 3. a liquid thermochemical battery pack; 4. a 24V battery; 5. a fan; 6. a heat sink; 71. a first three-way valve; 72. a three-way valve II; 8. a water pump; 9. a PTC heater;
31. An anode; 32. an electrolyte; 33. and a cathode.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Embodiment one:
Description 1: principle of liquid thermochemical battery: as shown in fig. 2, the core of a liquid thermochemical battery is a liquid electrolyte that needs to contain redox ions, i.e., redox couples. When there is a temperature difference between the two electrodes, the oxidation-reduction pair has different reaction directions on the surfaces of the high-temperature electrode and the low-temperature electrode, and the high-temperature electrode is possibly changed from a reduction state to an oxidation state, and the low-temperature electrode is changed from the oxidation state to the reduction state; one end loses electrons, the other end obtains electrons, and balance and electric energy transmission are realized through the transmission of substances in the middle; a liquid thermochemical battery is an element that continuously recovers waste heat and generates electric power. The liquid thermal battery consists of an electrolyte 32 containing a redox couple and an anode 31 and a cathode 33 connected to an external circuit. When a temperature gradient occurs across the cell, the redox couple is oxidized on the anode side and reduced on the cathode side due to the temperature dependence of the redox reaction. In the current flowing in the thermal battery, the reducing agent moves through the electrolyte and reaches the anode 31 by convection and diffusion, and the oxidized substance is transported to the cathode 33.
Description 2: PTC is an abbreviation for Positive Temperature Coefficient, meaning a positive temperature coefficient.
As shown in fig. 1, the waste heat utilization system of the fuel cell vehicle based on the liquid chemical cell comprises a fuel cell engine 1, a first temperature sensor 21, a second temperature sensor 22, a third temperature sensor 23, a liquid thermal chemical cell pack 3, a 24V storage battery 4, a fan 5, a radiator 6, a first three-way valve 71, a second three-way valve 72, a water pump 8, a PTC heater 9, and high-low pressure connectors and pipelines for connection.
The waste heat collection system comprises a fuel cell engine 1, a first temperature sensor 21, a second temperature sensor 22, a third temperature sensor 23, a first three-way valve 71, a second three-way valve 72, a PTC heater 9, a liquid thermochemical battery pack 3, a radiator 6 and a water pump 8;
The thermoelectric conversion system comprises a liquid thermochemical battery pack 3, a 24V storage battery 4, a fan 5 and a radiator 6.
In the present embodiment, the water pump 8 supplies the coolant to the fuel cell engine 1, and a second temperature sensor 22 is provided between the water pump 8 and the fuel cell engine 1 for temperature monitoring;
In the embodiment, the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 is connected in series at the waste liquid outlet position of the fuel cell engine 1 and is used for utilizing and radiating the waste heat of the fuel cell engine 1; a first temperature sensor 21 is arranged between the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 and the fuel cell engine 1 and is used for temperature monitoring;
In the embodiment, the radiator 6 is connected in series with the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 and is used for reducing the temperature of the waste liquid to the temperature range of the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell engine 1, and the temperature sensor III 23 is used for temperature monitoring;
In this embodiment, the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 is based on a liquid thermochemical battery, and the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 comprises a plate heat exchanger and a thermal thermochemical battery; the plate heat exchanger in the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 transfers the heat of the waste liquid to the thermal thermochemical battery, the thermal thermochemical battery in the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 is directly connected with the 24V storage battery, and the generated electric energy is directly stored in the 24V storage battery;
In the embodiment, the 24V storage battery 4 is directly connected with the fan 5, and the electric energy generated by the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 is used for supplying power to the fan 5; the fan 5 provides the necessary air intake and wind speed for the radiator 6;
In the embodiment, a first three-way valve 71 is connected between the fuel cell engine 1 and the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3, a second three-way valve 72 is connected between the radiator 6 and the water pump 8, and the first three-way valve 71 and the second three-way valve 72 are respectively connected to the PTC heater 9 to avoid supercooling of the cooling liquid;
Working principle: the cooling liquid of the water pump 8 is provided for the fuel cell engine 1, when the fuel cell engine 1 works, the cooling liquid brings out the waste liquid heat generated by the galvanic pile, and flows into the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3, the plate heat exchanger in the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 transfers the waste liquid heat to the thermal thermochemical battery to directly convert the heat into electric energy, and the electric energy generated by the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 charges the 24V storage battery 4; the waste liquid with reduced temperature flowing out of the liquid thermochemical battery pack 3 flows into the radiator 6, the 24V storage battery supplies power to the fan 5, and the fan 5 supplies necessary air inlet quantity and air speed to the radiator 6; the waste liquid cooled by the radiator 6 flows into the fuel cell engine 1 as new cooling liquid through the water pump 8 to cool the fuel cell stack again.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on the liquid chemical cell is characterized by comprising a waste heat collection system and a thermoelectric conversion system;
The waste heat collection system is used for inputting waste liquid heat collected by the fuel cell engine into the thermoelectric conversion system;
The thermoelectric conversion system is used for converting waste liquid heat of the fuel cell engine into electric energy; simultaneously cooling the waste liquid of the fuel cell engine;
the waste liquid of the fuel cell engine after electric energy and temperature reduction is reused in the waste heat collecting system.
2. The liquid chemical cell-based fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system of claim 1, wherein the waste heat collection system comprises a fuel cell engine (1), a liquid thermochemical cell pack (3), a radiator (6), a water pump (8);
The thermoelectric conversion system comprises a liquid thermochemical battery pack (3), a 24V storage battery (4), a fan (5) and a radiator (6).
3. The liquid chemical cell-based fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system of claim 2, wherein the liquid thermochemical cell pack (3) comprises a plate heat exchanger, a thermal thermochemical cell;
the plate heat exchanger in the liquid thermochemical battery pack (3) is used for transferring the waste liquid heat of the fuel cell engine to the thermal thermochemical battery;
the thermal state thermochemical battery inside the liquid thermochemical battery pack (3) is used for converting waste liquid heat of the fuel cell engine into electric energy.
4. A liquid chemical cell based fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system according to claim 3, wherein the liquid thermo-chemical cell pack (3) outputs electrical energy for charging a 24V battery (4);
the liquid thermochemical battery pack (3) outputs the cooled waste liquid of the fuel cell engine for being input into the radiator (6);
the 24V storage battery (4) is used for supplying power to the fan (5);
the fan (5) is used for providing air quantity and air speed for the radiator (6);
the radiator (6) is used for cooling the cooled waste liquid of the fuel cell engine.
5. The liquid chemical cell-based fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system according to claim 4, wherein the water pump (8) and the liquid inlet of the fuel cell engine (1) are provided with a second temperature sensor (22); the liquid outlet of the fuel cell engine (1) and the liquid thermochemical battery pack (3) are provided with a first temperature sensor (21).
6. The waste heat utilization system of the fuel cell vehicle based on the liquid chemical cell according to claim 5, wherein a temperature sensor III (23) is arranged between the liquid outlet of the liquid chemical cell pack (3) and the radiator (6).
7. The liquid chemical cell-based fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system of claim 6, further comprising a first three-way valve (71) and a second three-way valve (72), wherein the first three-way valve (71) is connected between the fuel cell engine (1) and the liquid thermochemical cell package (3), the second three-way valve (72) is connected between the radiator (6) and the water pump (8), and the first three-way valve (71) and the second three-way valve (72) are connected to the PTC heater (9), respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211439451.6A CN118082458A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on liquid chemical battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211439451.6A CN118082458A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on liquid chemical battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118082458A true CN118082458A (en) | 2024-05-28 |
Family
ID=91163680
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211439451.6A Pending CN118082458A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Fuel cell vehicle waste heat utilization system based on liquid chemical battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118082458A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-17 CN CN202211439451.6A patent/CN118082458A/en active Pending
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