CN118065406A - Sinking type temporary slope building for easily-degraded slope - Google Patents
Sinking type temporary slope building for easily-degraded slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN118065406A CN118065406A CN202410479813.7A CN202410479813A CN118065406A CN 118065406 A CN118065406 A CN 118065406A CN 202410479813 A CN202410479813 A CN 202410479813A CN 118065406 A CN118065406 A CN 118065406A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of slope or slope stabilization, and discloses a sinking type temporary slope building for a slope which is easy to degrade, wherein a deep foundation pit is excavated on the slope which is easy to degrade, a flat land which can be used for building construction is formed at the pit bottom, then a building is constructed, the ground of the building is obviously lower than the slope land at the periphery, and the building foundation is not exposed even if the periphery is degraded; by accurately controlling elevation of each layer and reserving a buffer green belt, the buildings in the pit can still drain water by gravity and are not polluted; meanwhile, the gravity retaining wall for reverse slope placement, the pile anchor support for anti-corrosion treatment and the subsequently added covered heightened wall are combined, so that the retaining wall structure of the foundation pit can play a role in supporting in the construction stage of the foundation pit without interference in excavation, and the influence of slope deformation on the foundation can be restrained after construction; the three aspects are combined, so that the adverse effect of the easily degraded slope on the temporary slope building is overcome at low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope or slope stabilization, in particular to a sinking type temporary slope building for a slope which is easy to degrade.
Background
The construction of the slope-facing building is a building with difficult construction, and the construction difficulty is mainly in the foundation. Because the building is partially or entirely located on the sloping field, the foundation is uneven and is easily damaged by the deformation of the slope.
Considering the difficulties in the two aspects, the slope-facing building needs to level the foundation and simultaneously control the influence of the slope deformation on the foundation. The method is characterized in that a flat ground or terrace-shaped foundation is trimmed on the side slope by means of backfilling, supporting and the like, and the influence of the side slope deformation on the foundation is controlled by means of measures such as slope trimming, weight reduction, back pressure, anti-slip retaining wall setting, anti-slip piles setting and the like.
In addition to the above problems, the side slope has another problem, namely, degradation. For a slope with soft soil and certain precipitation, even if vegetation is luxuriant, no obvious water and soil loss exists in a single year, but the appearance of the slope can be obviously changed due to degradation during the whole life of the building. The building foundation is slowly degraded by the building protection and the periphery is quickly degraded, so that the building foundation is gradually exposed. In the prior art, the means for inhibiting the degradation is masonry and shotcrete, but the cost for inhibiting the degradation on a large scale on a large natural slope such as a hillside is too high. With this in mind, such slopes are not typically constructed.
However, due to the shortage of urban land, the problem of building construction on easily degraded slopes is inevitably encountered.
The supporting structure of the foundation pit, such as pile anchor supporting, belongs to a temporary structure and has a limited service life. Even so-called "permanent anchors" are only required to have a lifetime of more than two years (see for details the technical regulations for rock-soil anchors and GB 50086-2015). The inventors found that the life of the components in these supporting structures can reach the level of the building as long as they are preserved, but the overall structure formed by the components also contains a small portion of the rock, and if the portion of the rock is destroyed, the supporting structure cannot exist stably as a whole.
The pile anchor support is a foundation pit retaining wall structure used when a foundation pit is deeper, and if the foundation pit is shallower, retaining wall requirements can be met by only using modes such as slope releasing or soil nailing wall and the like. However, the gravity retaining wall can meet the retaining wall requirement, and even has a surplus retaining effect, but has relatively high cost and interferes with excavation of the foundation pit, so the gravity retaining wall cannot be used as a retaining wall structure of the foundation pit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sinking type temporary slope building for a slope which is easy to degrade.
The technical problems to be solved are as follows: construction is not generally performed on the easily degraded slope due to excessive costs of suppressing degradation over a wide range.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the sinking type slope facing building is used for a slope which is easy to erode, the field plane of the slope facing building is lower than the original slope, a part, higher than the field plane, of the side wall of a foundation pit of the slope facing building is provided with a permanent retaining wall structure, a buffer zone is reserved between the building contour and the retaining wall structure, and the bottom of the retaining wall structure is provided with a gravity drainage structure leading to an adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope;
The surface of the buffer belt is provided with a green belt and is recorded as a buffer green belt, the elevation of the buffer green belt is lower than that of the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit, the buffer green belt is higher than the inlet of the adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope, and the height difference meets the gravity drainage requirement;
In the support of the foundation pit, the support structure of the side wall of the foundation pit close to the top of the slope is a pile anchor support, the support structures at the other positions are permanent retaining walls, the top of a crown beam of a foundation pit row pile in the pile anchor support is higher than the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit, and the design life of a prestressed anchor rod and a waist beam in the pile anchor support is not less than that of a building main body;
The pile anchor support and the permanent retaining wall are wrapped by a wrapping surface heightening wall close to the side elevation in the foundation pit, the wrapping surface heightening wall wraps the exposed surfaces of the pile anchor support and the permanent retaining wall completely after the foundation pit is excavated, and the top of the wrapping surface heightening wall is higher than the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit;
The pile top buffer table is a concrete platform with the surface lower than the top of the crown beam of the foundation pit pile and higher than the original slope below, and the edge of the pile top buffer table, far away from the foundation pit pile, is provided with a drainage intercepting ditch.
Further, the gravity drainage structure comprises a pit edge water collecting ditch which is arranged at the bottom of the wrapping face heightening wall and is close to the wrapping face heightening wall, and the pit edge water collecting ditch is led to an adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope through a hidden pipe or a hidden ditch.
Further, the permanent retaining wall is a gravity retaining wall with the bottom lower than the bottom of the foundation pit, the wall surface of the gravity retaining wall close to the foundation pit is a vertical surface, and the wall surface of the gravity retaining wall facing away from the foundation pit is inclined;
And the covered heightening wall is close to the wall surface of the foundation pit and is inclined.
Further, the back of the pile anchor support and the permanent retaining wall is provided with a reverse filtering layer with the thickness of at least 300mm, the covered heightened wall is a rubble masonry wall or a clear water concrete slab wall, the wall surface of the covered heightened wall is provided with water discharge holes, the wall body is provided with expansion joints every 20 meters, and asphalt hemp threads are filled in the expansion joints.
Further, if the surface soil firmness of the original broken surface below the pile top buffer table is not lower than that of the second-class soil, backfill soil with the firmness not lower than that of the third-class soil is filled between the original slope below the pile top buffer table and the concrete of the pile top buffer table;
If the surface soil of the original slope below the pile top buffer table is one type of soil, all stratum below the pile top buffer table and higher than the buffer green belt are set as backfill soil with the solid degree not lower than three types of soil.
Further, the side slope of pile top buffer platform and pile anchor support place is provided with the construction platform that is used for driving foundation ditch row pile, the construction platform is the fill platform that the backfill soil compaction that the solid degree is not less than three types of soil formed, and the pile top buffer platform is the concrete platform that lays concrete on the fill platform.
Further, the waist beam is a reinforced concrete beam or a concrete-covered anti-corrosion shaped steel beam;
the prestressed anchor rod is provided with the following anti-corrosion structure for prolonging the service life:
the anchor head is sealed by fine stone concrete after rust removal and painting;
the steel strand rust removal and corrosion-resistant grease coating are wrapped in an oil-resistant hose, and openings at two ends of the oil-resistant hose are sealed through the corrosion-resistant grease;
in the grouting process of the prestressed anchor rod, no matter whether the stratum is a soft soil layer or not, secondary splitting grouting is carried out to block the gaps of the stratum around the anchor hole.
Further, the bottom of the foundation pit of the building is all located above the underground water line.
Further, the foundation pit is located between the mountain-coiled highway and the highway at the bottom of the slope.
Compared with the prior art, the sinking type temporary slope building for the easily degraded slope has the following beneficial effects:
In the invention, a deep foundation pit is excavated on an easily degraded side slope, a flat land which can be used for building construction is formed at the pit bottom, then a building is constructed, the ground of the building is obviously lower than the slope land at the periphery, and the building foundation is not exposed even if the periphery is degraded;
by accurately controlling elevation of each layer (ensuring gravity drainage and no overflow of groundwater) and reserving a buffer green belt, the buildings in the pits are ensured not to be submerged in precipitation weather and not to be polluted by mud or ash;
Meanwhile, the shallow side wall of the foundation pit is protected by a gravity type retaining wall which is reversely laid (the excavation is avoided), the shallow side wall of the foundation pit is protected by a pile anchor support which is subjected to corrosion prevention treatment, the protection wall structure is covered by a covered heightening wall (a permanent structure), the protection wall structure can be ensured to exist stably for a long time as an integral structure (the effect of the covered heightening wall on the pile anchor support is different from that of the gravity type retaining wall, the pile anchor support is used for protecting rock soil which is maintained in the pile anchor support and is in integral structure, and the gravity type retaining wall is used for overcoming the adverse effect of the reverse laid slope), so that the influence of the deformation of the side slope on the foundation pit can be restrained by the support of the foundation pit;
The three aspects are combined, the side slope is not required to be degraded in a large range, the backfill is not required to form a flat foundation, and an additional side slope stabilizing structure is not required, so that the adverse effect of the side slope easy to degrade on a temporary slope building is overcome at low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a side slope in a sinking type temporary slope building for an easily degraded side slope according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a foundation pit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a permanent retaining wall and a covered raised wall;
In the figure, 1-original slope, 2-building outline, 3-pile top buffer table, 31-drainage ditch, 41-foundation pit drainage pile, 42-prestressed anchor rod, 5-permanent retaining wall, 6-covered high wall, 7-buffer green belt and 8-pit edge water collecting ditch.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, a sinking type slope facing building for an easily degraded slope is provided, a field plane of the slope facing building is lower than an original slope 1, a part, higher than the field plane, of a foundation pit side wall of the slope facing building is provided with a permanent wall protecting structure, a buffer zone is reserved between a building contour 2 and the wall protecting structure, and the bottom of the wall protecting structure is provided with a gravity drainage structure leading to an adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope;
the field plane is the flat ground around the building body after the building construction is completed. Typically the field plane of the building will extend outside the foundation pit, where its field plane is a flat ground inside the foundation pit outside the building, since the building is located in the foundation pit.
In conventional constructions, the foundation pit side walls are also spaced from the construction profile 2, but are smaller. It was found in practice that this spacing, if used, would result in surrounding falling soil contaminating the building, since the building of the present invention is below the surrounding ground after construction is complete. The larger spacing is reserved, and the fallen soil is absorbed by the green belt. And meanwhile, the water flowing down is discharged by the gravity drainage structure.
The surface of the buffer belt is provided with a green belt and is recorded as a buffer green belt 7, the elevation of the buffer green belt 7 is lower than the elevation of the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit, the buffer green belt 7 is higher than the inlet of the adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope, and the height difference meets the gravity drainage requirement;
The building form arranged in the pit is naturally easy to accumulate water, is generally only suitable for small-scale buildings, and is matched with a pumping station for use. The building in this embodiment occupies a large area of a few mu, and is not suitable for pumping. However, considering that the gravity drainage device is positioned on a side slope and has a height difference from the lower part of the side slope, gravity drainage can be realized by reasonably controlling the height difference. Of course, if groundwater is encountered, drainage problems still occur, so the bottom of the foundation pit is controlled to be located above the groundwater level entirely.
In the support of the foundation pit, the support structure of the side wall of the foundation pit close to the slope top is a pile anchor support, the support structures at the other positions are permanent retaining walls 5, the top of a crown beam of a foundation pit row pile 41 in the pile anchor support is higher than the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit, and the design life of a prestressed anchor rod 42 and a waist beam in the pile anchor support is not less than that of a building main body;
The stress condition of the side wall of the foundation pit is not as uniform as that of the flat ground, and the side wall of the foundation pit close to the slope top is stressed greatly, so that the side wall of the foundation pit needs to be supported by pile anchor supports. Other positions are less stressed, and foundation pit support can be completed by using the retaining wall. The retaining wall is a permanent structure and can be used continuously. The soil at the position of the foundation pit can be excavated before the rest positions of the foundation pit to form a foundation pit, then the permanent retaining wall 5 is built in the foundation pit and filled, or the foundation pit can be excavated without slotting, and the gravity retaining wall with cement stirring piles is applied before the foundation pit is excavated. In this embodiment, in order to further stabilize the side wall of the foundation pit, soil mass of 3.5 meters at the top is applied as a 1:1 soil nailing wall. Of course, if the number of layers of the building is high, resulting in a very deep foundation pit, the permanent retaining wall 5 can be replaced by a pile anchor support if necessary.
In other newly added components, the pile top buffer table 3 and the intercepting drainage ditch 31 can be constructed after piling is completed, the covered face heightening wall 6 is constructed after excavation of a foundation pit, and the buffer green belt 7 and the pit edge water collecting ditch 8 are constructed after completion of a main building body.
The pile anchor support and the permanent retaining wall 5 are wrapped with a wrapping heightening wall 6 on the side elevation close to the interior of the foundation pit, the wrapping heightening wall 6 wraps the surface of the pile anchor support and the permanent retaining wall 5 exposed outside completely after the excavation of the foundation pit is completed, and the top of the wrapping heightening wall 6 is higher than the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit;
The effect of the cladding heightening wall 6 on the pile anchor support is different from that of the gravity retaining wall, and the pile anchor support protects rock soil which is maintained in the whole structure in the pile anchor support, and mesh-hanging anchor-spraying concrete can be hung between adjacent piles in the conventional pile anchor support, but the structure has poor weather resistance, and can fail for a long time, so that the soil between the adjacent piles gradually collapses. With the consequent inability of the entire pile anchor support system to be maintained. The soil is protected here by a permanently covered raised wall 6, avoiding this problem. In the case of gravity retaining walls, the adverse effects of reverse slope play are overcome. Of course, the covering and elevating walls 6 at all positions have a common effect, namely decoration and soil falling blocking the surface outside the foundation pit. In addition, in order to smoothly enter and exit the building in the pit, it is necessary to construct stairs on the peripheral permanent retaining wall 5.
The pile top buffer table 3 is arranged on the original slope 1 which is positioned outside the foundation pit and adjacent to the foundation pit row pile 41, the pile top buffer table 3 is a concrete platform of which the surface is lower than the top of the crown beam of the foundation pit row pile 41 and higher than the original slope 1 below, and the edge of the pile top buffer table 3, which is far away from the foundation pit row pile 41, is provided with a drainage intercepting ditch 31.
The position of the pile-top buffer stage 3 is a position where water and various foreign matters flowing down on the side slope are concentrated, and therefore, in order to avoid falling down thereof, the pile-top buffer stage 3 and the intercepting drain 31 need to be provided.
The gravity drainage structure comprises a pit edge water collecting ditch 8 which is arranged at the bottom of the covered heightening wall 6 and is close to the covered heightening wall 6, and the pit edge water collecting ditch 8 is led to an adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope through a hidden pipe or a hidden ditch. The underdrain or underdrain should be as short and straight as possible to avoid clogging, and it should pass through the permanent retaining wall 5 and a small section of the formation on the shallowest side of the foundation pit to the adjacent drainage network under the slope.
As shown in fig. 3, the permanent retaining wall 5 is a gravity retaining wall with the bottom lower than the bottom of the foundation pit, the wall surface of the gravity retaining wall close to the foundation pit is a vertical surface, and the wall surface facing away from the foundation pit is inclined; the three side walls of the foundation pit are shallow, and the gravity type retaining wall can be used for retaining the wall, and the reverse slope is allowed to be laid because the supporting effect of the gravity type retaining wall is excessive, so that the excavation of the foundation pit is not interfered. The gravity type retaining wall is used here because it is simple in construction, has little influence on excavation and is constructed quickly, and if other types of retaining wall are used, the retaining effect is better, but is not suitable for the retaining wall of the foundation pit at all.
The covered heightened wall 6 is close to the wall surface of the foundation pit to form a stable trapezoid cross-section structure together with the gravity type retaining wall for reverse slope discharge, so that the problem that the gravity type retaining wall for reverse slope discharge cannot be used for a long time due to insufficient stability is solved. The cladding elevation wall 6 should be in place as soon as possible after the excavation of the foundation pit is completed.
The back of the pile anchor supporting and permanent retaining wall 5 is provided with a reverse filtering layer with the thickness of at least 300mm, the covered surface heightening wall 6 is a rubble masonry wall or a clear water concrete slab wall, the wall surface of the covered surface heightening wall 6 is provided with water leakage holes, the wall body is provided with expansion joints every 20 meters, and asphalt hemp threads are filled in the expansion joints.
The "back face" here refers to the face of the pile anchor support and permanent retaining wall 5 facing away from the foundation pit. The reverse filtering layer is used for blocking the soil behind the foundation pit, so that the soil and water are prevented from being discharged together when the water is discharged.
The clear water concrete slab wall is a reinforced concrete wall with the thickness of 200 mm. The wall body stress steel bar adopts HRB400 type, adopts mechanical connection, and is provided with S-shaped lacing wires. The wall body is provided with tie bars and the tie bars are planted in the foundation pit row piles 41 to enable the tie bars and the foundation pit row piles to be tied together, and the spacing between the tie bars and the tie bars is 500mm. The retaining plate wall is provided with water discharge holes, the vertical distance is 2.5m, and the retaining plate wall is upwards arranged from a position 200mm above the ground. The drain hole is inserted into the reverse filtering layer, and is made of PVC pipe with outer diameter of 100mm. The wall body is provided with expansion joints with the width of 2cm at intervals of 20m, and is filled with asphalt hemp threads.
The rubble masonry wall foundation and the wall body are built by adopting stone materials in mine sites, and M7.5 cement mortar is used for building. Paying off according to the positioning piles, paying off the foundation sidelines, building the foundation layer by layer after setting up foundation leather number poles, and marking the height of the backing table and the layered masonry on the leather number poles. The building method adopts a pulp squeezing method, and the rock material is firstly put in trial before building so as to match the size of the rock material. The rubble is built up and down with staggered joint, and the inside and outside are built up. One stone is arranged at a distance of not more than 2m, the positions of the upper and lower stones are staggered, and the elevation is built into a quincuncial shape. The layered masonry height is 50-60 cm, and the daily masonry height is controlled within 1.2 m. A deformation joint is arranged on each rubble masonry wall at intervals of 10-20m, and a settlement joint is arranged at the lithology change position of the foundation, the high abrupt change position of the wall and the connection position of the wall and other buildings/structures. The width of the deformed seam is 20-30mm, and the inner edge of the seam is internally filled with asphalt hemp along the inner, outer and top three sides of the wall.
If the surface soil firmness of the original broken surface below the pile top buffer table 3 is not lower than that of the second-class soil, backfill soil with the firmness not lower than that of the third-class soil is filled between the original slope 1 below the pile top buffer table 3 and the concrete of the pile top buffer table 3;
if the surface soil of the original slope surface 1 below the pile top buffer table 3 is one type of soil, all the stratum below the pile top buffer table 3 and higher than the buffer green belt 7 is set to be backfill soil with the solid degree not lower than three types of soil.
The most soft soil is gradually lost even if the protective wall and the reverse filtering layer are used for protection, and because the covered heightening wall 6 is inevitably provided with a water discharge hole, the soil needs to be replaced and filled, and the replacement and the piling can be carried out together: firstly, a guide groove is excavated at the position of the foundation pit pile 41, the bottom of the guide groove is not lower than the elevation of the adjacent buffer green belt 7, the distance between the groove wall positioned behind the foundation pit pile 41 and the foundation pit pile 41 is not less than half a meter, after the foundation pit pile 41 is arranged in the guide groove, the guide groove is backfilled with backfill soil with the solidity not lower than three types of soil, and the replacement of the soil behind the foundation pit pile 41 and higher than the buffer green belt 7 is completed.
The side slope of pile top buffer table 3 and pile anchor support place is provided with the construction platform that is used for driving foundation ditch row pile 41, and the construction platform is the fill platform that the backfill ramming of the not lower than three types of soil of degree of solidity formed, and pile top buffer table 3 is the concrete platform that lays the concrete on the fill platform and forms.
The construction platform synchronously completes the replacement of the working condition 1 during construction, and simultaneously facilitates the subsequent piling and the construction of the pile top buffer table 3.
The waist beam is a reinforced concrete beam or a concrete-covered anti-corrosion shaped steel beam; the girder steel is usually adopted during construction, but the service life of the girder steel is short and cannot be consistent with that of a main body of a building, so that if the girder steel is adopted as the girder steel, concrete needs to be fully coated on the girder steel after construction to prevent corrosion.
The prestressed anchor rod 42 is provided with the following corrosion protection structure for prolonging the service life:
the anchor head is sealed by fine stone concrete after rust removal and painting;
The steel strand rust removal and corrosion-resistant grease coating are wrapped in an oil-resistant hose, and openings at two ends of the oil-resistant hose are sealed through the corrosion-resistant grease; the problem of oil resistance (oil-resistant corrugated hose is adopted for the conventional steel strand rust prevention) is not considered in the conventional steel strand rust prevention process, so that the design life is limited. The corrosion-resistant grease in this example is a common grease (mechanical grease) and the oil-resistant hose is a PVC oil pipe.
In the grouting process of the prestressed anchor rod 42, no matter whether the stratum is a weak soil layer or not, secondary splitting grouting is performed to block the stratum gaps around the anchor holes.
Conventional secondary split grouting will be to ensure that the anchors in the weak soil layers are sufficiently stable. The purpose of secondary splitting grouting is to avoid water accumulation in the anchor hole, because the anti-corrosion means can gradually fail under the condition of water accumulation in the anchor hole in actual use. Thus, no matter what the stratum is, the secondary fracture grouting is needed.
The anchor rod is corrosion-proof and concretely comprises the following steps:
The anchor rod body is made of 1860 steel strands, a plastic pipe is inserted in the middle of the anchor rod body, and grouting and secondary grouting are carried out along the plastic pipe. The distance between the fixing brackets is 2.0 meters.
The free section steel strand is subjected to rust prevention treatment (ship priming is coated twice and butter is coated), then PVC oil pipes are sleeved for sealing, butter is filled in the length range of 100-200 mm at the two ends in the pipe, lead wires are used for binding the front section and the joint of the front section and the anchoring body, and an adhesive tape is used for winding and sealing. The anchor head is sealed by adopting fine stone concrete with a high grade by adopting a steel bar net cover after derusting and coating anti-corrosion paint for three degrees.
After drilling, the steel strand and the grouting pipe are immediately inserted into the hole, the grouting pipe is about 150mm away from the bottom of the hole, the grouting pipe adopts 1 inch plastic pipe as a guide pipe, grouting is carried out under normal pressure, the grouting material is pure cement slurry with the water-cement ratio of 0.5-0.55, and the cement is P.O 42.5.5 cement.
Prestress tensioning: and 3 days after grouting the anchor rod, the tissue is hung on the waist beam. And after the strength of the anchoring body reaches 15MPa and reaches more than 75% of the design strength, applying prestress according to the design requirement, tensioning the anchor rod and tightening the anchor head.
The foundation pit is positioned between the mountain-coiled highway and the highway at the bottom of the slope. The roadbeds of the mountain-coiled highway and the highway at the bottom of the slope are all provided with supporting structures, so that the foundation of the building can be further stabilized, and meanwhile, the traffic is convenient.
After completion of the project, the time slope was monitored for at least two years using GB 50330-2013 as a monitoring standard. Alarm conditions during construction and monitoring of slope engineering can be given according to the following conditions according to the 'technical Specification for construction slope engineering' (GB 50330-2013) 19.1.7:
1. The maximum horizontal displacement of the structural slope roof is greater than 1/500 or 20mm of the excavation depth, the horizontal displacement speed is continuously 3d and is greater than 2mm/d, the monitoring quantity of the anchor rod axial force is 5% of the number of the anchor rods, and when the anchor rod axial force is 50% lower than the locking value or 1.2 times higher than the locking value;
2. the accumulated sedimentation of adjacent buildings at the top of the slope, the uneven sedimentation of independent column bases or the integral inclination of a raft foundation is larger than 80% of a permissible value or a structural design unit required value specified in the building foundation design Specification (GB 50007), and the integral inclination change speed of the building is continuously larger than 0.00008 or the structural design unit required value for 3 days;
3. new cracks appear near the structures at the top of the slope, or the original cracks are newly developed;
4. The structures of the foundation pit row piles 41 and the like show damage signs such as deformation, cracks and the like;
5. abnormal signs such as cracks, subsidence, bulges and the like appear at the bottom of the side cape or on the soil around the side cape;
6. Other situations have occurred in which an alarm must be given.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A sinking type temporary slope building for easy denudation side slope which characterized in that: the field plane of the slope-facing building is lower than the original slope surface (1), a permanent retaining wall structure is arranged at a part, higher than the field plane, of the side wall of a foundation pit of the slope-facing building, a buffer belt is reserved between the building outline (2) and the retaining wall structure, and a gravity drainage structure leading to an adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope is arranged at the bottom of the retaining wall structure;
The surface of the buffer belt is provided with a green belt and is recorded as a buffer green belt (7), the elevation of the buffer green belt (7) is lower than the elevation of the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit, the buffer green belt (7) is higher than the inlet of the adjacent drainage pipe network under the slope, and the height difference meets the gravity drainage requirement;
In the support of the foundation pit, the support structure of the side wall of the foundation pit close to the top of the slope is a pile anchor support, the support structures at the other positions are permanent retaining walls (5), the top of a crown beam of a foundation pit row pile (41) in the pile anchor support is higher than the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit, and the design life of a prestressed anchor rod (42) and a waist beam in the pile anchor support is not less than that of a building main body;
The pile anchor support and the permanent retaining wall (5) are wrapped with a wrapping surface heightening wall (6) close to the side elevation in the foundation pit, the wrapping surface heightening wall (6) wraps the surface of the pile anchor support and the permanent retaining wall (5) exposed outside completely after the foundation pit is excavated, and the top of the wrapping surface heightening wall (6) is higher than the adjacent ground outside the foundation pit;
Be located outside the foundation ditch and be provided with pile top buffer station (3) on the original domatic (1) adjacent with foundation ditch row stake (41), pile top buffer station (3) are the top of crown beam that the surface is less than foundation ditch row stake (41) and are higher than the concrete platform of the original domatic (1) of below, and the border that foundation ditch row stake (41) were kept away from to pile top buffer station (3) is provided with cuts escape canal (31).
2. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gravity drainage structure comprises a pit edge water collecting ditch (8) which is arranged at the bottom of the wrapping face heightening wall (6) and is attached to the wrapping face heightening wall (6), and the pit edge water collecting ditch (8) is led to an adjacent drainage pipe network under a slope through a concealed pipe or a concealed ditch.
3. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent retaining wall (5) is a gravity retaining wall with the bottom lower than the bottom of the foundation pit, the wall surface of the gravity retaining wall close to the foundation pit is a vertical surface, and the wall surface of the gravity retaining wall facing away from the foundation pit is inclined;
And the covered surface heightening wall (6) is close to the wall surface of the foundation pit to put a slope.
4. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded slope according to claim 3, wherein: the back of the pile anchor supporting and permanent retaining wall (5) is provided with a reverse filtering layer with the thickness of at least 300mm, the covered heightening wall (6) is a rubble masonry wall or a clear water concrete slab wall, the wall surface of the covered heightening wall (6) is provided with water discharge holes, the wall body is provided with expansion joints every 20 meters, and asphalt hemp threads are filled in the expansion joints.
5. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded side slope according to claim 4, wherein: if the surface soil firmness of the original broken surface below the pile top buffer table (3) is not lower than the second-class soil, backfill soil with the firmness not lower than the third-class soil is filled between the original slope surface (1) below the pile top buffer table (3) and the concrete of the pile top buffer table (3);
If the surface soil of the original slope surface (1) below the pile top buffer table (3) is one type of soil, all stratum below the pile top buffer table (3) higher than the buffer green belt (7) is set as backfill soil with the solid degree not lower than three types of soil.
6. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side slope of pile top buffer table (3) and stake anchor support place is provided with the construction platform that is used for driving foundation ditch row stake (41), the construction platform is the backfill soil tamp that forms of the degree of solidity not less than three types of soil, and pile top buffer table (3) is the concrete platform that lays concrete on the fill soil platform and forms.
7. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waist beam is a reinforced concrete beam or a concrete-covered anti-corrosion shaped steel beam;
The prestressed anchor rod (42) has the following corrosion protection structure for the extended service life:
the anchor head is sealed by fine stone concrete after rust removal and painting;
the steel strand rust removal and corrosion-resistant grease coating are wrapped in an oil-resistant hose, and openings at two ends of the oil-resistant hose are sealed through the corrosion-resistant grease;
In the grouting process of the prestressed anchor rod (42), the stratum gap around the anchor hole is blocked by secondary splitting grouting no matter whether the stratum is a weak soil layer or not.
8. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the foundation pit of the building is all positioned above the underground water line.
9. A submerged facing construction for an easily degraded slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foundation pit is positioned between the mountain-coiled highway and the highway at the bottom of the slope.
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