CN118064996A - Portable wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric - Google Patents
Portable wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN118064996A CN118064996A CN202410456394.5A CN202410456394A CN118064996A CN 118064996 A CN118064996 A CN 118064996A CN 202410456394 A CN202410456394 A CN 202410456394A CN 118064996 A CN118064996 A CN 118064996A
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- polyamide
- polyamide fiber
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- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- QFNNDGVVMCZKEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azacyclododecan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCN1 QFNNDGVVMCZKEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WOCGGVRGNIEDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(CC=C)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 WOCGGVRGNIEDSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DOGJSOZYUGJVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyceryl monothioglycolate Chemical compound OCC(O)COC(=O)CS DOGJSOZYUGJVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002897 diene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- FJQXCDYVZAHXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methadone hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC(C)N(C)C)(C(=O)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 FJQXCDYVZAHXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004402 polyphenol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Polyamides (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric, which is obtained by spinning modified polyamide fibers after yarn formation; the preparation method of the modified polyamide fiber comprises the following steps: s1, pre-polymerizing polyamide; s2, preparing a reinforcing modifier; s3, polycondensation modification of polyamide; s4, spinning and forming. The polyamide fiber fabric prepared by the method not only maintains the wear-resistant light property of polyamide, but also overcomes the defects of poor dimensional stability and poor antistatic property of hot water resistance, and the prepared fabric has high strength, is skin-friendly and breathable, is not easy to wrinkle and pill, and is more comfortable to wear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fabrics, in particular to a lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric.
Background
With the gradual increase of health consciousness of the whole people, sports are also attracting more attention, and the performance requirements for sports products are also gradually diversified. Sports goods, especially sports wear, have high requirements for wearing comfort, sweat absorbing effect and tear resistance during strenuous exercise because the wear needs to be contacted with skin. The nylon fiber is named as polyamide fiber, and the polyester amide fiber is a synthetic fiber, which is prepared from polyester serving as a main raw material through the processes of polymerization, spinning, processing and the like. The polyester amide fiber fabric is suitable for manufacturing various clothes, has excellent hand feeling and glossiness, can be manufactured into fine and soft fabric, and can meet the requirements of people on high-quality clothes. The polyester amide fiber fabric also has good wear resistance, is suitable for manufacturing household articles such as curtains, bedding articles, cushions and the like, and meets the requirements of people on the household articles. The polyester amide fiber fabric also has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, can be applied to the fields of automotive interiors, office furniture and the like, and meets the requirements of people on high-quality fabric products.
However, the polyamide fiber fabric on the market at present has the defects of poor dimensional stability and poor antistatic property, so that the polyamide fiber fabric has poor air permeability and hygroscopicity when being used as a garment fabric, is easy to wrinkle, pill and the like, and causes the problem of uncomfortable feeling of a wearer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric.
The aim of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
The invention discloses a lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric, which is obtained by spinning modified polyamide fibers serving as raw materials after yarn forming; the preparation method of the modified polyamide fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-polymerization of polyamide:
Taking undecalactam as a polymerization monomer, azelaic acid as a capping agent, deionized water as a ring-opening agent, and carrying out polymerization reaction at elevated temperature and pressure to obtain a polyamide prepolymer;
S2, preparation of a reinforcing modifier:
adding gycerine monothioglycolate and 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A into an organic solvent (N, N-dimethylformamide) for mixing, stirring for reaction under the irradiation of a photosensitive catalyst and an ultraviolet lamp, and eluting and purifying after the reaction is finished to obtain an enhanced modifier;
S3, polycondensation modification of polyamide:
carrying out modified compounding on the reinforcing modifier and the polyamide prepolymer at a high temperature to prepare modified polyamide;
s4, spinning and forming:
and (3) forming the modified polyamide through melt spinning to obtain the modified polyamide fiber.
Preferably, the step S1 includes:
Mixing undecalactam, azelaic acid and deionized water in a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, continuously stirring and reacting for 1.5-3.5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 230-280 ℃ and the pressure in the kettle is 0.5-0.8MPa, introducing nitrogen to reduce the temperature to normal temperature and normal pressure, vacuumizing again and continuing to react for 1.5-3.5 hours, recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure again, and discharging to obtain the polyamide prepolymer.
More preferably, in the step S1, the mass ratio of undecalactam, azelaic acid and deionized water is 100:12-18:3-6.
More preferably, in the step S1, the stirring speed of the reactant in the reaction kettle is 100-200r/min.
More preferably, in the step S1, nitrogen is introduced to cool to normal temperature and normal pressure, and then the vacuum is pumped to 50-70kPa.
Preferably, the step S2 includes:
Weighing glycerol mono-thioglycolate and 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A, mixing in N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly, introducing nitrogen as a shielding gas, adding a photosensitive catalyst, then irradiating with an ultraviolet lamp, continuously stirring the reaction liquid during the irradiation, reacting for 0.5-1.5h, eluting and purifying the reaction liquid through a chromatographic column, and removing unreacted reactants to obtain the enhanced modifier.
More preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the monothioglycolate, the 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.36-0.72:0.31-0.62:10-20.
More preferably, in the step S2, the photosensitive catalyst is benzoin dimethyl ether, and the addition amount of the photosensitive catalyst is 3-8% of the mass of the gycerine monothioglycolate.
More preferably, in the step S2, the stirring speed of the reaction is 200-500r/min.
Preferably, the step S3 includes:
adding the polyamide prepolymer and the reinforcing modifier into a reaction kettle taking polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle to be 255-275 ℃, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is carried out for 2-4 hours to obtain the modified polyamide.
More preferably, in the step S3, vacuum is pumped to 1-2kPa, and the stirring speed is 50-150r/min.
More preferably, in the step S3, the mass ratio of the polyamide prepolymer to the reinforcing modifier is 100:25-45.
Preferably, the step S4 includes:
placing the obtained modified polyamide in a screw extruder, and melting to form a melt; and then spinning is carried out through a spinneret plate of a spinning box body, the filament material is stretched and wound, and then air cooling molding is carried out, and the filament material is wound into a roll, so that the modified polyamide fiber is obtained.
More preferably, in the step S4, the temperature at which the melt is formed is 270 to 280 ℃.
More preferably, in the step S4, the aperture of the spinneret plate is 0.5-1mm, and the spinning speed is 1500-3000m/min.
More preferably, in the step S4, the stretching temperature of the stretching winding is 80-120 ℃ and the stretching multiple is 8-12 times.
More preferably, in the step S4, the air cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the air speed is 0.5-0.8m/S, and the relative humidity is 65% -75%.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the fabric, the modified polyamide fibers are twisted into yarns, and then the yarns are arranged on a knitting machine and are subjected to plain weave interweaving one above the other.
More preferably, the linear density of the yarn after the fibers are twisted into a yarn: the warp yarn is 32.6-35.2tex, and the weft yarn is 41.7-44.3tex.
More preferably, the fabric has a warp density of 90 to 96/inch and a weft density of 76 to 88/inch.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The polyamide fiber fabric prepared by the method not only maintains the wear-resistant light property of polyamide, but also overcomes the defects of poor dimensional stability and poor antistatic property of hot water resistance, and the prepared fabric has high strength, is skin-friendly and breathable, is not easy to wrinkle and pill, and is more comfortable to wear.
2. The fiber raw material for preparing the fabric adopts modified polyamide fiber, wherein the modified polyamide fiber is prepared by taking undecalactam as a polymerization monomer, azelaic acid as a capping agent and deionized water as a ring-opening agent, carrying out polymerization reaction under heating and pressurizing to obtain polyamide prepolymer, and then using a reinforcing modifier to replace the traditional polyether polyol compound to carry out polycondensation with the polyamide prepolymer. After the fiber material prepared by the invention is applied to the fabric, not only can excellent strength and wear resistance be maintained, but also the fiber material has better antistatic property and dimensional stability.
3. The invention relates to a reinforcing modifier prepared by modifying polyamide fibers, which takes monothioglycolate containing sulfydryl (-SH) and dihydroxyl (-OH) and 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A containing diene groups and phenol groups as reactants, adopts slightly excessive monothioglycolate in the reaction process, aims to fully react olefin groups, and finally obtains the reinforcing modifier containing thioether groups, polyhydroxy groups and polyphenol groups by combining the sulfydryl and click chemistry (CLICK CHEMISTRY) reaction of double bonds.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described below through specific examples. It is to be understood that the mention of one or more method steps of the present invention does not exclude the presence of other method steps before and after the combination step or that other method steps may be interposed between these explicitly mentioned steps; it should also be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the method steps and is not intended to limit the order of arrangement of the method steps or to limit the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, as such changes or modifications in their relative relationships may be regarded as within the scope of the invention without substantial modification to the technical matter.
In order to better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric is prepared from modified polyamide fibers through twisting to obtain yarns, wherein the linear density of warp yarns is 33.8tex, the linear density of weft yarns is 42.4tex, the yarns are arranged on a knitting machine after the yarns are formed, and the yarns are subjected to plain weaving one by one to obtain the fabric, the warp density of the fabric is 93 pieces/inch, and the weft density of the fabric is 82 pieces/inch.
The preparation method of the modified polyamide fiber in the fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-polymerization of polyamide:
Mixing undecalactam, azelaic acid and deionized water in a reaction kettle taking polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, wherein the mass ratio of undecalactam to azelaic acid to deionized water is 100:15:4, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, uniformly stirring, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 260 ℃, keeping the pressure in the kettle to be 0.6MPa, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 150r/min, slowly reducing the nitrogen to normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is carried out for 2.5h, vacuumizing to 60kPa, continuing the reaction for 2.5h, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure again to discharge to obtain a polyamide prepolymer;
s2, preparing a reinforcing modifier:
Weighing and mixing monothioglycollic acid glyceride, 2 '-diallyl bisphenol A and N, N-dimethylformamide in a reaction bottle, eluting the reaction liquid by using a chromatographic silica gel column, wherein the mass ratio of the monothioglycollic acid glyceride to the 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.54:0.47:15, fully stirring until the mixture is uniform, introducing nitrogen into the reaction bottle to replace air, adding a photosensitive catalyst benzoin dimethyl ether, wherein the addition amount is 5% of the mass of the monothioglycollic acid glyceride, irradiating the reaction liquid by using an ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 365nm, continuously stirring the reaction liquid during the irradiation, the stirring speed is 300r/min, removing the ultraviolet lamp after the reaction is carried out, eluting the reaction liquid by using a chromatographic silica gel column, removing unreacted reactants by using petroleum ether and ethyl acetate mixed liquid with the volume ratio of 4:1, and drying under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, thereby obtaining the enhancement modifier;
S3, polycondensation modification of polyamide:
Adding polyamide prepolymer and reinforcing modifier with the mass ratio of 100:35 into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing the reaction kettle to 1.5kPa, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle to 265 ℃, maintaining the stirring speed of 100r/min, reacting for 3 hours, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain modified polyamide;
s4, spinning and forming:
placing the obtained modified polyamide in a screw extruder, heating to 275 ℃, melting to form a melt, conveying the melt into a spinning box body through a booster pump, spraying and solidifying the melt through a spinneret orifice of a spinneret plate of the spinning box body to form a filiform material, wherein the aperture of the spinneret plate is 0.65mm, the spinning speed is 2000m/min, stretching and rolling the filiform material, wherein the stretching temperature is 100 ℃, the stretching multiple is 10 times, then performing air cooling forming, the air cooling temperature is 25 ℃, the air speed is 0.6m/s, and the relative humidity is 70%, and winding the filiform material into a roll to obtain the modified polyamide fiber.
Example 2
A lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric is prepared from modified polyamide fibers through twisting to obtain yarns, wherein the linear density of warp yarns is 32.6tex, the linear density of weft yarns is 41.7tex, the yarns are arranged on a knitting machine after the yarns are formed, the yarns are subjected to plain weave one by one to obtain the fabric, the warp density of the fabric is 90 pieces/inch, and the weft density of the fabric is 76 pieces/inch.
The preparation method of the modified polyamide fiber in the fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-polymerization of polyamide:
Mixing undecalactam, azelaic acid and deionized water in a reaction kettle taking polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, wherein the mass ratio of undecalactam to azelaic acid to deionized water is 100:12:3, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, uniformly stirring, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 230 ℃, keeping the pressure in the kettle to be 0.5MPa, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 100r/min, slowly reducing the nitrogen to normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is carried out for 1.5h, vacuumizing to 50kPa, continuing the reaction for 1.5h, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure again to discharge to obtain a polyamide prepolymer;
s2, preparing a reinforcing modifier:
Weighing and mixing monothioglycollic glyceride, 2' -diallyl bisphenol A and N, N-dimethylformamide in a reaction bottle, eluting the reaction liquid by using a chromatographic silica gel column, removing unreacted reactants by using petroleum ether and ethyl acetate mixed liquid with the volume ratio of 3:1, and drying under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to obtain the reinforcing modifier;
S3, polycondensation modification of polyamide:
Adding polyamide prepolymer and reinforcing modifier with the mass ratio of 100:25 into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing the reaction kettle to 1kPa, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle to 255 ℃, keeping the stirring speed of 50r/min, reacting for 2 hours, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain modified polyamide;
s4, spinning and forming:
Placing the obtained modified polyamide in a screw extruder, heating to 270-280 ℃, melting to form a melt, conveying the melt into a spinning box body through a booster pump, spraying and solidifying the melt through a spinneret hole of a spinneret plate of the spinning box body to form a filiform material, wherein the diameter of the spinneret plate is 0.5mm, the spinning speed is 1500m/min, stretching and rolling the filiform material, wherein the stretching temperature is 80 ℃, the stretching multiple is 8 times, then performing air cooling forming, the air cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the air speed is 0.5m/s, and the relative humidity is 65%, and winding the filiform material into a roll to obtain the modified polyamide fiber.
Example 3
A lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric is prepared from modified polyamide fibers by twisting into yarns, wherein the linear density of warp yarns is 35.2tex, the linear density of weft yarns is 44.3tex, the yarns are arranged on a knitting machine after the yarns are formed, the yarns are subjected to plain weave on top of bottom to obtain the fabric, the warp density of the fabric is 96 pieces/inch, and the weft density of the fabric is 88 pieces/inch.
The preparation method of the modified polyamide fiber in the fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-polymerization of polyamide:
Mixing undecalactam, azelaic acid and deionized water in a reaction kettle taking polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, wherein the mass ratio of undecalactam to azelaic acid to deionized water is 100:18:6, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, uniformly stirring, sealing the reaction kettle, heating to 280 ℃, keeping the pressure in the kettle to be 0.8MPa, continuously stirring at the stirring speed of 200r/min, slowly reducing the pressure to normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is carried out for 3.5h, vacuumizing to 70kPa, continuing the reaction for 3.5h, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure again to discharge to obtain a polyamide prepolymer;
s2, preparing a reinforcing modifier:
Weighing monothioglycollic acid glyceride, 2' -diallyl bisphenol A and N, N-dimethylformamide, mixing in a reaction bottle, eluting the reaction liquid by using a chromatographic silica gel column, removing unreacted reactants by using petroleum ether and ethyl acetate mixed liquid with the volume ratio of 5:1, and then drying under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to obtain the enhancement modifier;
S3, polycondensation modification of polyamide:
Adding polyamide prepolymer and reinforcing modifier with the mass ratio of 100:45 into a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing the reaction kettle to 2kPa, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle to 275 ℃, maintaining the stirring speed of 150r/min, reacting for 4 hours, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain modified polyamide;
s4, spinning and forming:
Placing the obtained modified polyamide in a screw extruder, heating to 280 ℃, melting to form a melt, conveying the melt into a spinning box body through a booster pump, spraying and solidifying the melt through a spinneret orifice of a spinneret plate of the spinning box body to form a filiform material, wherein the aperture of the spinneret plate is 1mm, the spinning speed is 3000m/min, stretching and rolling the filiform material, wherein the stretching temperature is 120 ℃, the stretching multiple is 12 times, then performing air cooling forming, the air cooling temperature is 25 ℃, the air speed is 0.8m/s, and the relative humidity is 75%, and winding the filiform material into a roll to obtain the modified polyamide fiber.
Comparative example 1
A polyamide fiber fabric differs from example 1 in that the modified polyamide fiber is replaced with a conventional polyamide fiber, i.e., no reinforcing modifier is added during the preparation of the modified polyamide fiber.
Comparative example 2
A polyamide fiber fabric differs from example 1 in that the modified polyamide fiber has been prepared by a different process in which the reinforcing modifier is replaced by an equivalent amount of monothioglycolate.
Comparative example 3
A polyamide fiber fabric differs from example 1 in that the modified polyamide fiber has been prepared by replacing the reinforcing modifier with an equivalent amount of 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A.
The polyamide fibers prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance tests comprising:
Breaking strength means the strength of the textile material, measured under standard atmospheric conditions (20.+ -. 2 ℃ C., 65.+ -. 5% RH), with reference to GB/T3923.1-1997;
the abrasion resistance is detected by using a Martindale abrasion resistance tester with the friction load mass of 797+/-7 g with reference to the standard of GB/T21196.2-2007, and the friction is continued until a sample is abraded;
The moisture regain represents the index of the moisture absorption degree of the textile material, and the moisture regain is detected by referring to a GB/T9994-2018 method;
The hot water washing of the fabric refers to standard GB/T8629-2017, the fabric is washed in hot water at 60 ℃ (washing program of A type standard washing machine, no. 6N), and the shrinkage degree is indicated by detecting the dimensional change rate by a method of GB/T8628-2013.
The results of the detection are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance test of Polyamide fibers
| Example 1 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Warp breaking strength (N) | 527 | 508 | 486 | 515 |
| Weft break strength (N) | 446 | 419 | 393 | 423 |
| Wear resistance (secondary) | Greater than 1.5 ten thousand | Greater than 1.5 ten thousand | 1-1.5 Ten thousand | Greater than 1.5 ten thousand |
| Moisture regain (%) | 4.8 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 4.3 |
| Hot water washing dimensional change rate (%) | -2.6 | -5.3 | -4.7 | -3.3 |
As can be seen from table 1, the fabric of example 1 of the present invention has better strength and abrasion resistance; the moisture regain can reach 4.8%, which shows that the moisture regain is better than that of the conventional comparative example 1, and also shows that the moisture regain is less prone to generate static electricity and pilling; and the dimensional change rate is less than 3% after washing with hot water at 60 ℃, which indicates that the dimensional stability is better and the shrinkage resistance is stronger.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms should not be understood as necessarily being directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric is characterized in that the fabric is obtained by spinning modified polyamide fibers after yarn formation; the preparation method of the modified polyamide fiber comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-polymerization of polyamide:
Taking undecalactam as a polymerization monomer, azelaic acid as a capping agent, deionized water as a ring-opening agent, and carrying out polymerization reaction at elevated temperature and pressure to obtain a polyamide prepolymer;
S2, preparation of a reinforcing modifier:
Adding gycerine monothioglycolate and 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A into an organic solvent, mixing, stirring and reacting under the irradiation of a photosensitive catalyst and an ultraviolet lamp, and eluting and purifying after the reaction is finished to obtain an enhanced modifier;
S3, polycondensation modification of polyamide:
carrying out modified compounding on the reinforcing modifier and the polyamide prepolymer at a high temperature to prepare modified polyamide;
s4, spinning and forming:
and (3) forming the modified polyamide through melt spinning to obtain the modified polyamide fiber.
2. The lightweight wear resistant polyamide fiber fabric of claim 1, wherein said S1 step comprises:
Mixing undecalactam, azelaic acid and deionized water in a reaction kettle with polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, introducing nitrogen as a protective gas, continuously stirring and reacting for 1.5-3.5 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 230-280 ℃ and the pressure in the kettle is 0.5-0.8MPa, introducing nitrogen to reduce the temperature to normal temperature and normal pressure, vacuumizing again and continuing to react for 1.5-3.5 hours, recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure again, and discharging to obtain the polyamide prepolymer.
3. The lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the mass ratio of undecalactam, azelaic acid and deionized water is 100:12-18:3-6.
4. The portable and wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the stirring speed of reactants in the reaction kettle is 100-200r/min; in the step S1, nitrogen is introduced to cool to normal temperature and normal pressure, and then the vacuum is pumped to 50-70kPa.
5. The lightweight wear resistant polyamide fiber fabric of claim 1, wherein said S2 step comprises:
Weighing glycerol mono-thioglycolate and 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol A, mixing in N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly, introducing nitrogen as a shielding gas, adding a photosensitive catalyst, then irradiating with an ultraviolet lamp, continuously stirring the reaction liquid during the irradiation, reacting for 0.5-1.5h, eluting and purifying the reaction liquid through a chromatographic column, and removing unreacted reactants to obtain the enhanced modifier.
6. A lightweight wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the organic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide, and the mass ratio of the gyceryl monothioglycolate, the 2,2' -diallyl bisphenol a and the N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.36-0.72:0.31-0.62:10-20.
7. The portable and wear-resistant polyamide fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the photosensitive catalyst is benzoin dimethyl ether, and the addition amount of the photosensitive catalyst is 3% -8% of the mass of the gycerine monothioglycolate; in the step S2, the stirring speed of the reaction is 200-500r/min.
8. The lightweight wear resistant polyamide fiber fabric of claim 1, wherein said S3 step comprises:
adding the polyamide prepolymer and the reinforcing modifier into a reaction kettle taking polytetrafluoroethylene as a lining, uniformly mixing, vacuumizing the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle to be 255-275 ℃, and recovering to normal temperature and normal pressure after the reaction is carried out for 2-4 hours to obtain the modified polyamide.
9. The lightweight abrasion resistant polyamide fiber fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the mass ratio of polyamide prepolymer to reinforcing modifier is 100:25-45.
10. The lightweight wear resistant polyamide fiber fabric of claim 1, wherein said S4 step comprises:
placing the obtained modified polyamide in a screw extruder, and melting to form a melt; and then spinning is carried out through a spinneret plate of a spinning box body, the filament material is stretched and wound, and then air cooling molding is carried out, and the filament material is wound into a roll, so that the modified polyamide fiber is obtained.
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