CN118058389A - Pet snowflake food and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pet snowflake food and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118058389A CN118058389A CN202211473577.5A CN202211473577A CN118058389A CN 118058389 A CN118058389 A CN 118058389A CN 202211473577 A CN202211473577 A CN 202211473577A CN 118058389 A CN118058389 A CN 118058389A
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Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pet food with good palatability and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biological feed manufacture, wherein the food comprises the following raw materials: sweet potato powder, pea, chicken, duck, beef, fish, chicken oil, fish oil, beef tallow, soybean oil, enzymatic chicken paste, enzymatic chicken liver powder and freeze-dried minced meat. The invention creatively uses stone mill to grind the freeze-dried meat to prepare the freeze-dried meat powder, so that the pet food has strong palatability and stable structure. The structure of the food is that the puffed staple food is wrapped by minced meat, and the minced meat is white like snowflake, so the puffed staple food is named as snowflake food.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological feed manufacturing, in particular to pet feed processing.
Background
The prior pet staple food mostly adopts a puffing process, has the defects of single product form, single processing mode, poor palatability, low nutrition concentration and the like, and brings certain trouble to the main selection and use of the staple food for pets. The long-term single eating of the puffed staple food can cause the conditions of lack of nutrition, no luster of hair, unhairing and the like of the pet. It is generally necessary to additionally feed meat such as chicken, beef, fish, etc. to the pet as a supplementary food when raising the pet. In order to avoid diseases such as parasites, the use of the complementary food requires a certain degree of cooking treatment on the meats by a feeder, which greatly increases the feeding cost and can lead to the situation that the pet is picky to eat no staple food.
In the prior art, there are technical schemes of directly adding supplementary food with the effect of inducing the pet to eat to enrich the nutrition of the main food, or winding meat strips on the main food as disclosed in CN201911256U to improve the preference of the pet to the food. However, there are still cases where the pet is picky eating while eating, and the mixed main food is optionally eaten with the supplementary food instead of the main food, or only meat strips wrapped on the main food are eaten by licking, which is particularly prominent in small pets.
Based on the background, in order to improve the palatability of the pet staple food, the pet is prevented from being picky and eating, and meanwhile, the proportion of high-quality animal protein is increased, so that the pet staple food is more fit with the meat nature of the pet, and therefore, the development of high-quality staple food is needed to meet the demands of feeders.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing puffed staple food added with freeze-dried meat, which has good palatability.
The invention solves the technical problem through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a pet food, which comprises the following raw materials: puffing staple food and freeze-dried minced meat, wherein the freeze-dried minced meat is the freeze-dried minced meat ground by using a stone mill.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the puffed staple food to the freeze-dried meat powder is 2-20:1.
Preferably, the puffed staple food comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of sweet potato powder, 5-20 parts of peas, 35-120 parts of meat, 10-65 parts of oil and 1-10 parts of enzymolysis meat paste or/and chicken liver powder;
Preferably, the lyophilized meat powder is one or more of lyophilized chicken, duck, fish, pig and beef powder, and the oil is one or more of animal oil and vegetable oil.
Preferably, the protein content of the puffed staple food is from 18 to 50%.
Preferably, the puffed staple food also comprises 1-10 parts of core premix; the core premix is one or more of acceptable carriers, food additives or auxiliary materials in pet food, wherein the food additives comprise organic trace elements and probiotics.
Preferably, the organic trace elements comprise amino acid chelated copper, amino acid chelated iron, amino acid chelated manganese, amino acid chelated zinc and yeast selenium;
Preferably, the probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and metabolites thereof, and the effective viable bacteria content is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/kg.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pet staple food, which comprises the process flows of preparing the puffed staple food, preparing the freeze-dried minced meat and preparing the finished food by mixing.
The preparation method of the pet food comprises the following steps: mixing the puffed staple food with the freeze-dried meat powder to prepare a finished pet food;
the preparation of the puffed staple food comprises the following steps:
Mixing: uniformly mixing raw materials except the enzymolysis meat paste, chicken liver powder and oil;
Tempering: the evenly mixed materials are put into a tempering device for tempering, high-temperature steam is introduced, and the raw materials are pregelatinized; meanwhile, adding half of the raw oil for tempering and mixing;
puffing: extruding, puffing, granulating and conditioning the material to enter a puffing process;
and (3) drying: drying the obtained puffed particles;
spraying: uniformly spraying oil, enzymolysis meat paste and chicken liver powder on the surface of the puffed particles;
And (3) cooling: cooling to room temperature + -5 deg.C after spraying.
The preparation method of the freeze-dried meat powder comprises the step of grinding the freeze-dried meat by using a stone mill.
Preferably, a single screw rod bulking machine is adopted in the bulking process, and the bulking temperature is 120 ℃;
preferably, the drying condition is that the temperature is 80-85 ℃ and the drying time is 20-25 minutes.
Preferably, the preparation method of the freeze-dried minced meat comprises the step of grinding the freeze-dried meat by a stone mill until the length of minced meat fiber is 5-30mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Based on the traditional puffed staple food, the invention combines an advanced food-grade freeze-drying process to freeze-dry fresh and high-quality meat, and then assisted by a stone mill grinding process, the freeze-dried meat is processed into freeze-dried meat powder, and the freeze-dried meat powder is compounded with the staple food according to a certain proportion, so that the staple food is fully wrapped by the meat powder. The pet food prepared according to the technical scheme of the invention has rich nutrition, the crude protein content is more than 18%, and the appearance is that the main grain is wrapped by the meat powder which is shaped like snow, so the food is named as snowflake grain.
(2) Compared with puffed grains prepared by the traditional method, the staple food prepared by the application and fully wrapped by meat powder has better palatability, and can effectively avoid the phenomenon of pet feeding.
(3) Compared with dried meat floss manufactured by using a dried meat floss machine and stirring and crushing, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the freeze-dried meat is subjected to stone grinding treatment, so that the damage to fibers in the meat is smaller, the staple food can be effectively wrapped without falling off, and the falling off of the meat powder covered by vibration in the transportation process is avoided.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pet food and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the existing pet staple food is poor in palatability and unreasonable in nutrition structure due to the fact that the conventional pet staple food is mainly prepared by adopting a puffing process, and the structure of the food is that the puffed staple food is wrapped by minced meat, and the minced meat is white like snowflake, so the name is snowflake food. According to the invention, the snowflake grain is prepared by wrapping the freeze-dried minced meat obtained by stone grinding with the puffed staple food, and compared with the traditional puffed pet food, the snowflake grain disclosed by the invention has the advantages of better palatability, rich nutrition, stable structure and convenience in long-distance transportation and long-term storage.
In the present invention, all raw material components are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless specified otherwise.
The invention provides a pet food, which comprises the following raw materials: puffing staple food and freeze-dried minced meat, wherein the freeze-dried minced meat is the freeze-dried minced meat ground by using a stone mill.
Preferably, the puffed staple food comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of sweet potato powder, 5-20 parts of peas, 35-120 parts of meat, 10-65 parts of oil, 1-10 parts of enzymolysis meat paste or/and chicken liver powder and 1-50 parts of water.
Preferably, the peas are subjected to ultra-fine grinding and the meat is dehydrated.
Preferably, the meat is one or more of chicken, duck, beef and fish, and the oil is one or more of animal oil and vegetable oil.
Preferably, the puffed ration protein content is between 18 and 50%.
Preferably, the puffed staple food also comprises 1-10 parts of core premix; the core premix is one or more of acceptable carriers, food additives or auxiliary materials in pet food, wherein the food additives comprise organic trace elements and probiotics.
The organic trace elements comprise amino acid chelated copper, amino acid chelated iron, amino acid chelated manganese, amino acid chelated zinc and yeast selenium.
The probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and metabolites thereof, and the effective viable bacteria content is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/kg.
Preferably, the lyophilized meat powder is one or more of lyophilized chicken, duck, fish, pig and beef powder.
Specifically, the steps for making the pet staple food comprise:
production of puffed staple food:
Mixing: sweet potato powder, peas, dehydrated meat, auxiliary materials and the like except for enzymolysis meat paste or/and chicken liver powder and oil components are put into a proportioning bin, and then weighed and proportioned according to a proportion, and enter a mixer to uniformly mix all the raw materials;
Tempering: the evenly mixed materials enter a tempering device for tempering, and high-temperature steam is required to be introduced in the tempering process to pregelatinize the raw materials; and meanwhile, adding half of the raw oil for tempering and mixing.
Preferably, the aim of facilitating the subsequent material expansion is to add an appropriate amount of water while tempering;
puffing: extruding, puffing, granulating and conditioning the material to enter a puffing process;
and (3) drying: drying the obtained puffed particles;
Spraying: uniformly spraying the rest part of oil and the enzymatic hydrolysis meat paste or/and chicken liver powder on the surface of the puffed particles;
and (3) cooling: cooling to room temperature of + -5 ℃ after spraying;
production of freeze-dried minced meat: putting the freeze-dried meat into a stone mill, and grinding for later use;
Preferably, a single screw rod bulking machine is adopted in the bulking process, and the bulking temperature is 120 ℃;
preferably, the temperature in the drying process is 80-85 ℃, and the drying is carried out for 20-25 minutes;
And (3) producing finished grain: and (3) putting the puffed grains into a mixer, adding the freeze-dried minced meat, and mixing to obtain the finished pet food.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in connection with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
And (3) production of puffed grains:
ration ratio of staple food: 32 parts of chicken, 20 parts of tuna meat, 13 parts of salmon meat, 6 parts of sweet potato powder, 4 parts of peas, 5 parts of mackerel, broccoli, fermented soybean meal (containing small peptides), soy protein hydrolysate (containing small peptides), spray-dried chicken blood cell protein powder, whole egg powder, 4 parts of chicken oil, 1 part of deep sea fish oil, 1 part of beef tallow, cranberry, blueberry, chicory root, seaweed, cellulose, yeast hydrolysate, 5 parts of plantain seed, yucca, enzymatic beef extract, 4 parts of water and 5 parts of core premix, wherein peas need superfine grinding, and meat needs dehydration.
Core premix: calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium lactate, DL-methionine, L-lysine hydrochloride, choline chloride, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D 3, vitamin E, vitamin K 3, vitamin B 1, vitamin B 2, vitamin B 12, biotin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, organic trace elements, sodium chloride, taurine, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), and probiotics.
Mixing: putting sweet potato powder, peas and dehydrated meat into a proportioning bin, weighing and proportioning according to a proportion, and then, putting the materials into a mixer to uniformly mix.
Tempering: the evenly mixed materials enter a tempering device for tempering, and high-temperature steam is required to be introduced in the tempering process to pregelatinize the raw materials; meanwhile, half of the total amount of oil and a proper amount of water are added for tempering and mixing so as to facilitate the subsequent material puffing.
Puffing: feeding the extruded, puffed, granulated and tempered material into a puffing process, and adopting a single-screw puffing machine, wherein the puffing temperature is 120 ℃;
and (3) drying: drying the obtained puffed granules at 80-85deg.C for 20-25 min;
spraying: uniformly spraying the residual oil and the enzymolysis beef extract on the surface of the puffed particles;
and (3) cooling: cooling to room temperature of + -5 ℃ after spraying;
Production of freeze-dried chicken powder: and (5) putting the freeze-dried chicken powder into a stone mill, and grinding for later use.
And (3) producing finished grain: 940kg of puffed food is put into a mixer, 60kg of freeze-dried chicken powder is added, and the mixture is mixed for 3 minutes, so that the finished product 'snowflake food' is produced, packed and split-packed.
Determination of the nutrient content of the finished product 'snowflake grain':
the "snowflake" produced in example 1 according to the present application was examined for nutrients according to the method for detecting each component in the following table (table 1).
TABLE 1
The results of the determination of the nutritional ingredients of "snowflake" are shown in the following table (table 2):
TABLE 2
Example 2
Production of "snowflake food" for cat
Ration ratio of staple food: 12 parts of sweet potato powder, 8 parts of peas, 32 parts of dehydrated chicken, 9 parts of dehydrated duck meat, 5 parts of dehydrated beef, 10 parts of dehydrated fish meat, 11 parts of chicken oil, 1 part of fish oil, 1 part of beef tallow, 1 part of soybean oil, 3 parts of enzymolysis chicken paste, 2 parts of enzymolysis chicken liver powder, 10 parts of water and 5 parts of core premix for cats.
The ratio of the finished grain is as follows: 9 parts of staple food grains and 1 part of freeze-dried chicken powder.
The preparation method is the same as in example 1.
The results of the determination of the nutritional ingredients of "snowflake" for cats are shown in the following table (table 3):
TABLE 3 Table 3
Example 3:
10 parts of sweet potato powder, 5 parts of peas, 10 parts of chicken, 10 parts of duck meat, 5 parts of beef, 10 parts of fish meat, 1 part of chicken oil, 1 part of fish oil, 1 part of beef tallow, 1 part of soybean oil, 1 part of enzymatic chicken paste, 1 part of enzymatic chicken liver powder, 5 parts of water and 2 parts of core premix for cats are prepared according to the preparation method in the example 1.
Example 4:
30 parts of sweet potato powder, 20 parts of peas, 40 parts of chicken, 30 parts of duck meat, 20 parts of beef, 30 parts of fish meat, 25 parts of chicken oil, 20 parts of fish oil, 10 parts of beef tallow, 10 parts of soybean oil, 10 parts of enzymatic chicken paste, 5 parts of enzymatic chicken liver powder, 25 parts of water and 10 parts of core premix for dogs are prepared according to the preparation method in the example 1.
Comparative example 1
Production of puffed food for cat
Proportioning: 12 parts of sweet potato powder, 8 parts of peas, 32 parts of dehydrated chicken, 9 parts of dehydrated duck meat, 5 parts of dehydrated beef, 10 parts of dehydrated fish meat, 11 parts of chicken oil, 1 part of fish oil, 1 part of beef tallow, 1 part of soybean oil, 3 parts of enzymolysis chicken paste, 2 parts of enzymolysis chicken liver powder, 10 parts of water and 5 parts of core premix for cats.
The production was performed according to the preparation method of the puffed food in example 1, and 11 parts of crushed lyophilized chicken was additionally added at the time of mixing.
Comparative example 2
The production ratio of the puffed grain is as follows: 12 parts of sweet potato powder, 8 parts of peas, 32 parts of dehydrated chicken, 9 parts of dehydrated duck meat, 5 parts of dehydrated beef, 10 parts of dehydrated fish meat, 11 parts of chicken oil, 1 part of fish oil, 1 part of beef tallow, 1 part of soybean oil, 3 parts of enzymolysis chicken paste, 2 parts of enzymolysis chicken liver powder, 10 parts of water and 5 parts of core premix for cats.
The production was carried out according to the preparation method for the puffed food in example 1.
Production of freeze-dried chicken powder: stirring and crushing the freeze-dried chicken powder by a cooking machine for later use.
And (3) producing finished grain: adding 9 parts of puffed food into a mixer, adding 1 part of freeze-dried chicken powder, and uniformly mixing, namely uniformly wrapping the freeze-dried chicken powder outside the puffed food.
Control experiment 1:
comparison experiment of palatability of "snowflake grain" and traditional puffed grain:
The test uses the international palatability comparison test method "double basin method" to feed the "snowflake food" produced in example 2 and the puffed food group produced in the conventional scheme of comparative example 1, different pet foods, i.e. "snowflake food" and conventional puffed ration, are placed in two identical trays, placed in front of the pet to allow the pet to freely select, and each pet is individually kept in a pet cage. The water is fed twice a day at regular time and is free to drink water. The test period was 4 days, and the feed intake of each pet food per day was recorded.
Test animals: 3 short cat animals 1.5 years old and weighing 2.8kg.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Date of day | Example 2 snowflake grain group | Comparative example 1 puffed grain group |
Feed intake (g) on day 1 | 150 | 127 |
Feed intake (g) on day 2 | 161 | 121 |
Feed intake (g) on day 3 | 156 | 124 |
Feed intake (g) on day 4 | 165 | 122 |
Average feed intake (g) | 158 | 123.5 |
From the above experimental data (table 3), it is evident that three english shortcats are significantly more preferred for "snowflake" produced in example 2 when eating. This demonstrates that the palatability of "snowflake" produced according to the technical scheme of example 1 of the present application is significantly better than that of a purely puffed food of the same formula.
Control experiment 2:
influence of stone grinding and stirring crushing of freeze-dried chicken on structural stability of finished grain:
The "snowflake food" for cats prepared according to the technical scheme in example 2 was packaged in the same package bag as the finished food mixed with the lyophilized chicken powder prepared according to the technical scheme in comparative example 2, and was individually packaged. And then carrying out transportation test by using the same pick-up truck so as to simulate the influence of mechanical vibration on the structure of the finished grain in the actual transportation process.
Experiments show that compared with comparative example 2, the snowflake grain adopts a stone mill grinding process, so that chicken fibers can be completely reserved, and the snowflake grain can be better hung on puffed grains, so that the structure of the snowflake grain is more stable, and large-area falling of external negative minced meat in long-distance transportation, daily transportation or use is difficult to occur.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pet food product, characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials: puffing staple food and freeze-dried minced meat, wherein the freeze-dried minced meat is the freeze-dried minced meat ground by using a stone mill.
2. The pet food of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of puffed staple food to freeze dried meat dust is from 2 to 20:1.
3. The pet food of claim 2, wherein the puffed staple food comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of sweet potato powder, 5-20 parts of peas, 35-120 parts of meat, 10-65 parts of oil and 1-10 parts of enzymolysis meat paste or/and chicken liver powder;
The freeze-dried minced meat is one or more of freeze-dried chicken, duck, fish, pig and beef powder;
the oil is one or more of animal oil and vegetable oil.
4. The pet food product of claim 1 wherein the puffed ration has a protein content of 18-50%.
5. The pet food of claim 3, wherein the puffed ration further comprises 1-10 parts core premix; the core premix is one or more of acceptable carriers, food additives or auxiliary materials in pet food, wherein the food additives comprise organic trace elements and probiotics.
6. The pet food of claim 5, wherein the organic trace elements comprise amino acid chelated copper, amino acid chelated iron, amino acid chelated manganese, amino acid chelated zinc, yeast selenium;
the probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and metabolites thereof, and the effective viable bacteria content is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/kg.
7. A method for preparing a pet food, characterized in that the method for preparing the pet food comprises the following steps: mixing the puffed staple food with the freeze-dried meat powder to prepare a finished pet food;
the preparation of the puffed staple food comprises the following steps:
Mixing: uniformly mixing raw materials except the enzymolysis meat paste, chicken liver powder and oil;
Tempering: the evenly mixed materials are put into a tempering device for tempering, high-temperature steam is introduced, and the raw materials are pregelatinized; meanwhile, adding half of the raw oil for tempering and mixing;
puffing: extruding, puffing, granulating and conditioning the material to enter a puffing process;
and (3) drying: drying the obtained puffed particles;
spraying: uniformly spraying the rest raw oil, enzymolysis meat paste and chicken liver powder on the surface of the puffed particles;
and (3) cooling: cooling to room temperature of + -5 ℃ after spraying;
the preparation method of the freeze-dried meat powder comprises the step of grinding the freeze-dried meat by using a stone mill.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein a single screw expander is used in the expansion process at a temperature of 120 ℃.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the drying is performed at a temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 20-25 minutes.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the method of preparing the freeze-dried meat is grinding the freeze-dried meat with a stone mill to a length of 5-30mm of meat dust fiber.
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