CN118017215A - Circular polarization energy selection antenna and branch protection structure for Beidou navigation - Google Patents
Circular polarization energy selection antenna and branch protection structure for Beidou navigation Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a circularly polarized energy selection antenna and a branch protection structure for Beidou navigation, wherein the antenna comprises a medium substrate, a first electromagnetic induction structure and a second electromagnetic induction structure which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the medium substrate, and a coaxial probe embedded in the medium substrate; the coaxial probe is connected with the first electromagnetic induction structure; the first electromagnetic induction structure includes: the device comprises a first metal structure and a branch protection structure connected with the first metal structure; the branch protection structure includes: a second metal structure and a diode; the second metal structure is in an axisymmetric structure and is provided with two symmetrically distributed support leg parts; diodes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support leg parts; the diode is connected with the first metal structure. According to the invention, through the arranged portal-type branch protection structure, the branch protection structure is combined with the circularly polarized antenna, so that the design of the miniaturized and integrated energy selection antenna is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a circularly polarized energy selection antenna for Beidou navigation and a branch protection structure.
Background
With the development of satellite communication technology, the global satellite positioning and communication system is widely applied to various fields by virtue of the advantages of wide coverage, high positioning precision, high response speed and the like.
The strong electromagnetic pulse is a high-energy pulse electromagnetic field and can be divided into natural electromagnetic pulse and artificial electromagnetic pulse according to the type of pulse source. The electromagnetic pulses have the characteristics of high peak field intensity, short pulse front edge, no influence of climate and the like, and can be coupled into an electronic system through various ways to influence the normal operation of the system to different degrees.
The coupling paths of electromagnetic pulses are mainly divided into two types, namely front gate coupling and back gate coupling. The "front gate" coupling is through the rf antenna front end coupling into the antenna's receive chain and then into the receiver's sensitive components, which affects the receiver. The "back door" coupling is the leakage of electromagnetic pulse fields into the interior of the device through apertures or other structures in the shielding housing of the electronic system, or the induction of large currents on the interconnect cables between the devices and then into the interior of the device along the cables.
The existing Beidou navigation circular polarized antenna is not specially designed to have a protection function on strong electromagnetic pulses, so that the existing Beidou navigation circular polarized antenna is easily interfered or damaged by the strong electromagnetic pulses, and the existing front door protection means aiming at the strong electromagnetic pulses have the defects of high cost, high system complexity and the like of the protection means for the energy selection surface, and are difficult to apply to the protection of the strong electromagnetic pulses of the Beidou navigation circular polarized antenna. Aiming at the current situation of the requirement of the Beidou navigation circular polarization antenna protection, how to solve the defects of high cost, high complexity of a protection system and the like of the existing front door protection means such as an energy selection surface and the like becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a circularly polarized energy selection antenna and a branch protection structure for Beidou navigation.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a circularly polarized energy selecting antenna for Beidou navigation, comprising: the coaxial probe comprises a dielectric substrate, a first electromagnetic induction structure and a second electromagnetic induction structure, wherein the first electromagnetic induction structure and the second electromagnetic induction structure are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate, and the coaxial probe is embedded in the dielectric substrate;
the coaxial probe is connected with the first electromagnetic induction structure;
the first electromagnetic induction structure includes: the device comprises a first metal structure and a branch protection structure connected with the first metal structure;
The branch protection structure comprises: a second metal structure and a diode;
the second metal structure is in an axisymmetric structure and is provided with two symmetrically distributed support leg parts;
The diodes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the support leg parts;
The diode is connected with the first metal structure.
According to one aspect of the invention, in the branch protection structure, the arrangement directions of the two diodes are consistent;
The diode adopts a PIN diode.
According to one aspect of the invention, between the first metal structure and the second metal structure, the anode of the diode is connected to the second metal structure, and the cathode is connected to the first metal structure.
According to one aspect of the present invention, in the first electromagnetic induction structure, the branch protection structure is symmetrically provided with a plurality of branches.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second metal structure further comprises: a leg connecting portion for connecting the leg portions;
the support leg connecting part and the support leg part are respectively rectangular metal sheets;
the two support leg parts are respectively and vertically connected with the two ends of the support leg connecting part in the length direction, and the two support leg parts are positioned on the same side of the support leg connecting part in the length direction.
According to one aspect of the invention, the first metal structure comprises: a regular patch part, a first connection part connected with the regular patch part, and a second connection part connected with the first connection part;
the second connecting part is connected with the coaxial probe;
The first connecting part and the second connecting part are coaxially arranged;
The regular patch part is connected with one end of the first connection part far away from the second connection part.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the first connection portion and the second connection portion are respectively rectangular metal patches;
The width of the second connecting portion is larger than the width of the first connecting portion;
the branch protection structure is connected with the long side of the second connecting part;
the regular patch part is an axisymmetric metal patch, wherein the regular patch part is provided with a first symmetry axis and a second symmetry axis which are perpendicular to each other, and the length of the first symmetry axis is larger than that of the second symmetry axis;
the first symmetry axis and the length direction of the first connecting part are provided with an included angle;
the center of the regular patch part is disposed in alignment with the symmetry axis of the first connection part.
According to one aspect of the invention, the second electromagnetic induction structure adopts a metal patch which is consistent with the side shape of the dielectric substrate;
and a first via hole for the coaxial probe to pass through is arranged on the second electromagnetic induction structure.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a branch protection structure, comprising: a second metal structure and a diode;
the second metal structure is in an axisymmetric structure and is provided with two symmetrically distributed support leg parts;
the diodes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the leg portions.
According to one aspect of the invention, the arrangement directions of the two diodes are identical;
the diode adopts a PIN diode;
The second metal structure further includes: a leg connecting portion for connecting the leg portions;
the support leg connecting part and the support leg part are respectively rectangular metal sheets;
the two support leg parts are respectively and vertically connected with the two ends of the support leg connecting part in the length direction, and the two support leg parts are positioned on the same side of the support leg connecting part in the length direction.
According to the scheme, the invention provides the Beidou navigation circular polarization energy selection antenna with the branch protection structure, compared with the existing front door protection measures (such as energy selection surfaces), the invention realizes the design of the small-sized and integrated energy selection antenna by creatively arranging the 'gantry' -shaped branch protection structure, connecting the branch protection structure with the microstrip feeder line at two sides of the microstrip feeder line of the circular polarization antenna to be protected, so that the branch protection structure is combined with the circular polarization antenna.
According to the scheme of the invention, the circularly polarized energy selecting antenna can be combined with various circularly polarized energy selecting antennas with different topologies on the premise of not increasing the antenna size of the circularly polarized energy selecting antenna, so that the circularly polarized energy selecting antenna has good emission performance in normal operation, and has good protection effect on strong electromagnetic pulses when the strong electromagnetic pulses are incident, and good applicability of the circularly polarized energy selecting antenna is shown.
According to the scheme, the Beidou navigation circular polarization energy selection antenna with the branch protection structure changes the feeder impedance of the circular polarization energy selection antenna according to the microstrip form of the 'gantry' -shaped branch protection structure before and after strong electromagnetic pulse irradiation, and further changes the impedance matching of the circular polarization energy selection antenna before and after irradiation, so that the circular polarization energy selection antenna has good emission performance in normal operation, and has good protection effect on the strong electromagnetic pulse when the strong electromagnetic pulse is incident.
According to the scheme, when the circularly polarized energy selective antenna works normally, the induced voltage value at two ends of the diode of the branch protection structure is lower than the conduction voltage value of the diode, the diode is in a cut-off state, and the antenna can work in the B1 frequency band of the Beidou III. When strong electromagnetic pulse irradiates, at this moment, the induced voltage value at two ends of the diode is larger than the conduction voltage value of the diode, the diode is conducted, and the branch structure is connected with the microstrip feeder line, so that the impedance of the coaxial probe and the impedance of the metal microstrip line are changed from matching to unmatched, the impedance of the coaxial probe is increased to more than-1 dB in the B1 frequency band S 11 of the third Beidou, the antenna cannot receive the incident energy of the strong electromagnetic pulse, and the system is further protected from being damaged by the strong electromagnetic pulse.
According to the scheme of the invention, the branch protection structure is simple in structure, has the advantages of low processing difficulty and low processing cost, can be conveniently and low-cost applied to antenna protection, is excellent in protection, and has a wider application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a circularly polarized energy selective antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural view schematically showing a first electromagnetic induction structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural view schematically showing a first electromagnetic induction structure according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a structure for protecting a branch in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph schematically showing S 11 for normal operation of the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of FIG. 2;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a direction in which the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 2 is normally operated;
fig. 7 is an axial ratio diagram schematically showing the normal operation of the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 2;
FIG. 8 is a graph schematically showing the comparison of the S 11 curve with the S 11 curve during normal operation in the protection state of the circularly polarized energy selective antenna using the first electromagnetic induction structure of FIG. 2;
Fig. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a comparison of a direction diagram of phi=0° when the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure in fig. 2 is in normal operation and phi=0° when in a protected state;
Fig. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a comparison of a direction diagram of phi=90° when the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 2 is in normal operation and phi=90° when in a protected state;
FIG. 11 is a graph schematically showing S 11 during normal operation of the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of FIG. 3;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a direction in which the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 3 is normally operated;
fig. 13 is an axial ratio diagram schematically showing a case where the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 3 is normally operated;
Fig. 14 is a graph schematically showing a comparison of S 11 curve and S 11 curve in normal operation when the circularly polarized energy of the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 3 is used to select an antenna protection state;
Fig. 15 is a diagram schematically showing a comparison of a direction diagram of phi=0° when the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 3 is in normal operation and phi=0° when in a protected state;
Fig. 16 is a diagram schematically showing a comparison of a pattern of phi=90° when the circularly polarized energy selective antenna employing the first electromagnetic induction structure of fig. 3 is in normal operation and phi=90° when in a protected state.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer" and the like are used in terms of orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, rather than to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, which are not described in detail herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1,2 and 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a circularly polarized energy selecting antenna for Beidou navigation according to the present invention includes: the dielectric substrate 1, a first electromagnetic induction structure 2 and a second electromagnetic induction structure 3 respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate 1 are embedded in a coaxial probe 4 of the dielectric substrate 1. In the present embodiment, the coaxial probe 4 is connected to the first electromagnetic induction structure 2.
In the present embodiment, the first electromagnetic induction structure 2 includes: a first metal structure 21 and a branch protection structure 22 connected to the first metal structure 21; wherein, branch knot protection structure 22 is whole to be gantry structure, and it includes: a second metal structure 221 and a diode 222; wherein the second metal structure 221 has an axisymmetric structure, and the second metal structure 221 has two symmetrically distributed leg portions 221a; in the present embodiment, the diodes 222 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the leg portions 221a, and the diodes 222 are used for connection with the first metal structure 21.
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 4, in the branch protection structure 22, the arrangement directions of the two diodes 222 are identical according to an embodiment of the present invention.
According to one embodiment of the invention, diode 222 is a PIN diode.
As shown in connection with fig. 1,2 and 4, according to one embodiment of the present invention, between the first metal structure 21 and the second metal structure 221, the anode of the diode 222 is connected to the second metal structure 221, and the cathode thereof is connected to the first metal structure 21.
As shown in connection with fig. 1 and2, in the first electromagnetic induction structure 2, the dendrite protecting structure 22 may be provided as one according to an embodiment of the present invention. Of course, in the first electromagnetic induction structure 2, the branch protecting structure 22 may be symmetrically provided with a plurality of branches, for example, two branch protecting structures 22 are symmetrically provided in the first electromagnetic induction structure 2. The antenna can be made to be more mismatched with the impedance of the second connecting portion 213 in the protection state by providing the plurality of branch protection structures 22, so that the S 11 of the antenna is further reduced in the protection state, and a better protection effect is obtained.
As shown in connection with fig. 1,2 and 4, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the second metal structure 221 further includes: a leg connecting portion 221b for connecting the leg portion 221 a; wherein the leg connecting portion 221b and the leg portion 221a are rectangular metal pieces, respectively. In the present embodiment, two leg portions 221a are respectively connected perpendicularly to both ends of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction, and the two leg portions 221a are on the same side of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction.
In the present embodiment, the leg connecting portion 221b and the leg portion 221a are integrally provided. The support leg connecting portion 221b and the support leg portion 221a are integrally arranged to avoid a connecting gap or connecting overlap, so that influence on induced current and the like at a connecting position can be effectively eliminated, and the protective performance of the whole branch protection structure 22 is effectively ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first metal structure 21 includes: a regular patch part 211, a first connection part 212 connected to the regular patch part 211, and a second connection part 213 connected to the first connection part 212; wherein the second connection portion 213 is connected to the coaxial probe 4. In the present embodiment, the first connection portion 212 is disposed coaxially with the second connection portion 213; the regular patch part 211 is connected to an end of the first connection part 212 remote from the second connection part 213.
As shown in fig. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first connection portion 212 and the second connection portion 213 are rectangular metal patches, respectively; wherein the second connection portion 213 has a width greater than that of the first connection portion 212. In the present embodiment, the branch protecting structure 22 is connected to the long side of the second connecting portion 213. The branch protection structure 22 may be disposed on a long side of the second connection portion 213, or the branch protection structures 22 may be disposed on two long sides of the second connection portion 213, respectively, and the two branch protection structures 22 are symmetrically distributed about a symmetry axis of the second connection portion 213.
In the present embodiment, the regular patch part 211 is an axisymmetric metal patch, wherein the regular patch part 211 has a first symmetry axis and a second symmetry axis perpendicular to each other, and the length of the first symmetry axis is greater than the length of the second symmetry axis; wherein the first symmetry axis has an angle with the longitudinal direction of the first connection portion 212. In this embodiment, the angle between the first symmetry axis and the longitudinal direction of the first connection portion 212 may be set to be an acute angle.
In the present embodiment, the center of the regular patch part 211 is disposed in alignment with the symmetry axis of the first connection part 212, wherein the center of the regular patch part 211 is the intersection of the first symmetry axis and the second symmetry axis, which is located on the extension line of the symmetry axis of the first connection part 212.
Through the arrangement, the antenna has good impedance matching in normal operation, and good signal receiving and transmitting performance in normal operation is ensured.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first metal structure 21 is consistent with the thickness of the second metal structure 221.
By the arrangement, the first metal structure 21 and the second metal structure 221 can be conveniently processed on the same dielectric substrate, and the processing synchronization can be realized without special treatment, such as thickening or thinning, of the thickness of the second metal structure 221.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length of the second metal structure 221 is less than or equal to the length of the second connection portion 213, i.e., the length of the leg connection portion 221b in the second metal structure 221 is less than or equal to the length of the second connection portion 213.
Through the arrangement, the antenna is effectively ensured not to be influenced by crosstalk of the branch protection structure 22 during normal operation, and the performance of the antenna during normal operation is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second electromagnetic induction structure 3 employs a metal patch conforming to the side shape of the dielectric substrate 1; wherein, a first via hole for the coaxial probe 4 to pass through is arranged on the second electromagnetic induction structure 3.
As shown in fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a branch protection structure of the present invention includes: a second metal structure 221 and a diode 222; in the present embodiment, the second metal structure 221 has an axisymmetric structure, and the second metal structure 221 has two symmetrically distributed leg portions 221a; wherein the diodes 222 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the leg portions 221 a.
As shown in fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement directions of the two diodes 222 are identical, wherein the anodes of the two diodes 222 are connected to the leg portions 221a, respectively.
As shown in fig. 4, the diode 222 employs a PIN diode according to one embodiment of the present invention. Through the arrangement, the production cost of the invention is effectively reduced, so that the invention has wider application prospect.
As shown in fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second metal structure 221 further includes: a leg connecting portion 221b for connecting the leg portion 221 a; wherein the leg connecting portion 221b and the leg portion 221a are rectangular metal pieces, respectively; in the present embodiment, two leg portions 221a are respectively connected perpendicularly to both ends of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction, and the two leg portions 221a are on the same side of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction.
This is further illustrated for the purpose of further explanation of the present scheme.
Example 1
The Beidou navigation circular polarization energy selection antenna needing protection is selected, and specifically, the corner-cut square circular polarization energy selection antenna is selected for protection, and the protection is shown in fig. 2. In the present embodiment, the first metal structure 21 includes: a regular patch part 211, a first connection part 212 connected to the regular patch part 211, and a second connection part 213 connected to the first connection part 212; wherein, regular patch part 211 adopts a square metal patch with a chamfer, the structure of which satisfies the axisymmetric form, and the length of the first symmetry axis is greater than that of the second symmetry axis in the first symmetry axis and the second symmetry axis which are mutually perpendicular. In the present embodiment, the regular patch part 211 is made of square patch cut corners having a side length of 54.4mm, which are isosceles right triangles having a waist length of 3.9mm, and the cut corner positions are at the upper left and lower right. Thus, in the case where the first connection portion 212 and the side edge of the regular patch portion 211 are fixedly connected to each other, the first axis of symmetry of the regular patch portion 211 makes an angle of 45 ° with the longitudinal direction of the first connection portion 212.
Further, the first connection portion 212 employs a rectangular metal patch having a width of 1.2mm and a length of 30.9mm;
Further, the second connection portion 213 adopts a rectangular metal patch, the width of which is larger than that of the first connection portion 212, specifically, the width of the second connection portion 213 is 4.9mm and the length thereof is 56.1mm. In the present embodiment, the second connection portion 213 and the first connection portion 212 are coaxially disposed.
Further, the coaxial probe 4 is a D550D34F05-430 probe, and the distance between the center of the inner needle of the coaxial probe 4 and the edge of the first via hole of the second electromagnetic induction structure 3 is 5.3mm.
Further, the dielectric substrate 1 was an F4BTMS300 substrate, the thickness thereof was 2mm, the dielectric constant thereof was 3, and the loss tangent thereof was 0.0013.
In the present embodiment, the structural dimensions of the branch protecting structure 22 are based on the foregoing corresponding arrangement of the structure and dimensions of the first electromagnetic induction structure 2; the branch protection structures 22 are respectively disposed at two long sides of the second connection portion 213 of the first metal structure 21, and are symmetrically distributed at two opposite sides of the second connection portion 213. In the present embodiment, the branch knot protection structure 22 includes: a second metal structure 221 and a diode 222; wherein the second metal structure 221 includes: two leg portions 221a and leg connecting portions 221b disposed at intervals; the two leg portions 221a are respectively connected perpendicularly to both ends of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction, and the two leg portions 221a are on the same side of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction.
Further, the leg connecting portion 221b is a rectangular metal patch having a length of 22.5mm and a width of 10mm; the leg portion 221a is a rectangular metal patch having a length of 14.8mm and a width of 6.5mm. In the present embodiment, the leg connecting portion 221b is disposed parallel and coaxial with the second connecting portion 213, i.e., the distance between the end of the leg connecting portion 221b and the end of the second connecting portion 213 is 16.8mm.
Further, diode 222 is a BAP51-02 diode.
In the corner cut square circular polarization energy selection antenna shown in fig. 2, when the antenna works normally, the diode 222 of the branch protection structure 22 is in a cut-off state, and the antenna can work normally at 1.557GHz to 1.586GHz, as shown in fig. 5. Its maximum gain at 1.575GHz reaches 7.1dbi, with a 3db beamwidth of 84.5 ° and 82.4 °, respectively, as shown in fig. 6. Which has an axial ratio of 0.45dB at 1.575GHz at maximum gain, as shown in fig. 7. It can work in the B1 frequency band of beidou No. three. When the strong electromagnetic pulse is irradiated, at this time, the S 11 of the antenna at 1.557GHz to 1.586GHz is increased to more than-1 dB, and the maximum gain at 1.575GHz is reduced to-8.8 dBi, as shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10.
Example 2
The Beidou navigation circular polarization energy selection antenna needing protection is selected, and particularly, the elliptical circular polarization energy selection antenna is selected for protection, and the method is shown in fig. 3. In the present embodiment, the first metal structure 21 includes: a regular patch part 211, a first connection part 212 connected to the regular patch part 211, and a second connection part 213 connected to the first connection part 212; wherein, regular patch part 211 adopts an elliptical metal patch, its structure satisfies the axisymmetric form, and in the first symmetry axis and the second symmetry axis of mutually perpendicular, the length of first symmetry axis is greater than the length of second symmetry axis. In this embodiment, the major axis (i.e., first symmetry axis) of regular patch part 211 is 64.5mm, and the minor axis (i.e., second symmetry axis) is 63.7mm. In the present embodiment, in the case where the first connection portion 212 and the side edge of the regular patch portion 211 are fixedly connected to each other, the first axis of symmetry of the regular patch portion 211 forms an angle of 45 ° with the longitudinal direction of the first connection portion 212.
Further, the first connection portion 212 employs a rectangular metal patch having a width of 1.1mm and a length of 30.6mm;
Further, the second connection portion 213 adopts a rectangular metal patch, the width of which is larger than that of the first connection portion 212, specifically, the width of the second connection portion 213 is 4.9mm and the length thereof is 38.2mm. In the present embodiment, the second connection portion 213 and the first connection portion 212 are coaxially disposed.
Further, the coaxial probe 4 is a D550D34F05-430 probe, and the distance between the center of the inner needle of the coaxial probe 4 and the edge of the first via hole of the second electromagnetic induction structure 3 is 5.3mm.
Further, the dielectric substrate 1 was an F4BTMS300 substrate, the thickness thereof was 2mm, the dielectric constant thereof was 3, and the loss tangent thereof was 0.0013.
In the present embodiment, the structural dimensions of the branch protecting structure 22 are based on the foregoing corresponding arrangement of the structure and dimensions of the first electromagnetic induction structure 2; the branch protection structures 22 are respectively disposed at two long sides of the second connection portion 213 of the first metal structure 21, and are symmetrically distributed at two opposite sides of the second connection portion 213. In the present embodiment, the branch knot protection structure 22 includes: a second metal structure 221 and a diode 222; wherein the second metal structure 221 includes: two leg portions 221a and leg connecting portions 221b disposed at intervals; the two leg portions 221a are respectively connected perpendicularly to both ends of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction, and the two leg portions 221a are on the same side of the leg connecting portion 221b in the longitudinal direction.
Further, the leg connecting portion 221b is a rectangular metal patch having a length of 23.5mm and a width of 9.5mm; the leg portion 221a is a rectangular metal patch, 15mm in length and 6mm in width. In the present embodiment, the leg connecting portion 221b is disposed parallel and coaxial with the second connecting portion 213, i.e., the distance between the end of the leg connecting portion 221b and the end of the second connecting portion 213 is 4mm.
Further, diode 222 is a BAP51-02 diode.
In the elliptical circularly polarized antenna shown in fig. 3, when the antenna is normally operated, the diode 222 of the branch guard structure 22 is in an off state, and the antenna can be normally operated at 1.56GHz to 1.59GHz, as shown in fig. 11. Its maximum gain at 1.575GHz reaches 7.6dbi, with a 3db beamwidth of 76.5 ° and 80.1 °, respectively, as shown in fig. 12. Its axial ratio at maximum gain is 2.5dB at 1.575GHz, as shown in fig. 13. It can work in the B1 frequency band of beidou No. three. When the strong electromagnetic pulse is irradiated, at this time, the S 11 of the antenna at 1.56GHz to 1.59GHz is increased to over-1 dB, and the maximum gain at 1.575GHz is reduced to-6.9 dBi, as shown in FIGS. 14, 15 and 16.
Through the arrangement, two types of circular polarization energy selection antennas with different topological shapes are selected for design, and the microstrip form of the gantry type branch protection structure has the advantages of good protection effect on the circular polarization energy selection antennas with different topological structures and good universality. Compared with the prior art, the invention combines the branch protection structure with the circularly polarized antenna, so that the invention can realize the design of the miniaturized and integrated energy selection antenna while protecting against circularly polarized energy selection antennas of microstrip feeder lines with different topologies, and has good protection effect on strong electromagnetic pulse under the condition of not increasing the size of the antenna.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of embodiments of the invention and, as regards devices and arrangements not explicitly described in this disclosure, it should be understood that this can be done by general purpose devices and methods known in the art.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A circularly polarized energy selective antenna for beidou navigation, comprising: a dielectric substrate (1), a first electromagnetic induction structure (2) and a second electromagnetic induction structure (3) respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric substrate (1), and a coaxial probe (4) embedded in the dielectric substrate (1);
the coaxial probe (4) is connected with the first electromagnetic induction structure (2);
The first electromagnetic induction structure (2) comprises: a first metal structure (21) and a branch protection structure (22) connected with the first metal structure (21);
The branch protection structure (22) comprises: a second metal structure (221) and a diode (222);
The second metal structure (221) is in an axisymmetric structure, and the second metal structure (221) is provided with two symmetrically distributed support leg parts (221 a);
the diodes (222) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the leg portions (221 a);
The diode (222) is connected to the first metal structure (21).
2. The circularly polarized energy selecting antenna according to claim 1, wherein in the branch guard structure (22), the arrangement directions of the two diodes (222) are identical;
The diode (222) is a PIN diode.
3. Circularly polarized energy selection antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that between the first metal structure (21) and the second metal structure (221), the anode of the diode (222) is connected to the second metal structure (221) and the cathode is connected to the first metal structure (21).
4. A circularly polarized energy selecting antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that in the first electromagnetic induction structure (2), the branch protecting structure (22) is symmetrically provided in plurality.
5. The circularly polarized energy selection antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second metal structure (221) further comprises: a leg connecting portion (221 b) for connecting the leg portions (221 a);
The leg connecting portion (221 b) and the leg portion (221 a) are rectangular metal pieces, respectively;
the two leg portions (221 a) are respectively and vertically connected with both ends of the leg connecting portion (221 b) in the length direction, and the two leg portions (221 a) are positioned on the same side of the leg connecting portion (221 b) in the length direction.
6. Circularly polarized energy selection antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that the first metal structure (21) comprises: a regular patch part (211), a first connection part (212) connected to the regular patch part (211), a second connection part (213) connected to the first connection part (212);
-said second connection portion (213) is connected to said coaxial probe (4);
-the first connection portion (212) is coaxially arranged with the second connection portion (213);
The regular patch part (211) is connected to an end of the first connection part (212) remote from the second connection part (213).
7. The circularly polarized energy selection antenna of claim 6, wherein the first connection portion (212) and the second connection portion (213) are each rectangular metal patches;
The width of the second connecting portion (213) is greater than the width of the first connecting portion (212);
the branch protection structure (22) is connected with the long side of the second connecting part (213);
The regular patch part (211) is an axisymmetric metal patch, wherein the regular patch part (211) is provided with a first symmetry axis and a second symmetry axis which are perpendicular to each other, and the length of the first symmetry axis is larger than that of the second symmetry axis;
The first symmetry axis and the length direction of the first connecting part (212) are provided with an included angle;
The center of the regular patch part (211) is arranged in alignment with the symmetry axis of the first connection part (212).
8. The circularly polarized energy selective antenna of claim 7, wherein the second electromagnetic inducing structure (3) is a metallic patch conforming to the shape of the side of the dielectric substrate (1);
the second electromagnetic induction structure (3) is provided with a first via hole for the coaxial probe (4) to pass through.
9. A branch knot protection structure, comprising: a second metal structure (221) and a diode (222);
The second metal structure (221) is in an axisymmetric structure, and the second metal structure (221) is provided with two symmetrically distributed support leg parts (221 a);
The diodes (222) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the leg portions (221 a).
10. The branch protection structure according to claim 9, wherein the arrangement directions of the two diodes (222) are identical;
-the diode (222) is a PIN diode;
The second metal structure (221) further comprises: a leg connecting portion (221 b) for connecting the leg portions (221 a);
The leg connecting portion (221 b) and the leg portion (221 a) are rectangular metal pieces, respectively;
the two leg portions (221 a) are respectively and vertically connected with both ends of the leg connecting portion (221 b) in the length direction, and the two leg portions (221 a) are positioned on the same side of the leg connecting portion (221 b) in the length direction.
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| CN202410421023.3A CN118017215B (en) | 2024-04-09 | 2024-04-09 | Circular polarization energy selection antenna and branch protection structure for Beidou navigation |
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