JP6606871B2 - Antenna and wireless communication device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an antenna and a wireless communication device.

  In recent years, MIMO (multi-input-multi-output) communication technology has been used to improve communication path capacity in mobile communication and wireless LAN (Local Area Network) communication. In this MIMO communication, polarization diversity is often used, and an orthogonal two-polarization antenna or an orthogonal two-polarization array antenna in which a plurality of orthogonal two-polarization antennas are arranged is used as the antenna. Many orthogonally polarized antennas are realized by two antenna elements arranged substantially perpendicular to the circuit board.

  For example, Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3 disclose orthogonally polarized antennas. In these patent documents, a technique for realizing an orthogonal dual-polarized antenna using two orthogonal dipole antennas as antenna elements is disclosed.

  On the other hand, there is a growing demand for downsizing of the apparatus, and in particular, in the case of a built-in antenna, since the area occupied by the antenna is required to be narrowed, downsizing of the antenna is required.

Japanese Patent No. 4073130 JP 2006-352293 A JP 2009-124403 A

  However, when a dipole antenna is used as an antenna element as shown in the above-mentioned patent document, the antenna element needs to be about half the wavelength in order to ensure high antenna efficiency. It was difficult.

  An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and is to provide a small orthogonal dual-polarized antenna.

  In order to achieve the above object, the antenna has an annular first conductor having a gap and a notch, one end connected to the inside of the ring, and the other end connected to the inside of the ring. A flat first antenna element having a second conductor disposed with a gap, a contact conductor disposed in the notch, and a second gap having a second gap bridged by the contact conductor. A flat plate-like first conductor comprising a formed annular third conductor and a fourth conductor having one end connected to the inside of the ring and the other end disposed with a third gap with respect to the inside of the ring. 2 antenna elements, and the first and second antenna elements are substantially perpendicular to each other in the line segments included in the area within each outline.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a small orthogonal two-polarized antenna.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structure of a modification. It is a figure which shows the structural example of 5th Embodiment.

[First Embodiment]
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Description of configuration]
First, the structure of the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

  1 is a perspective view of the antenna 10, FIG. 2 is a front view of the antenna 10, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the antenna 10. The antenna 10 includes an antenna element 100a as a first antenna element and an antenna element 100b as a second antenna element. 1 to 3, for the sake of explanation, x, y, and z axes are defined as orthogonal coordinate systems in the drawings, the first antenna element 100a is a plane parallel to the x axis and the z axis, and the second antenna element 100b. Are arranged on a plane parallel to the y-axis and the z-axis. Note that the x, y, z axes and antenna element placement planes in other drawings to be described later are determined in the same manner.

  In the following description, when one of the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b is not specified, it may be simply referred to as the antenna element 100. In addition, regarding the constituent elements of the antenna element 100, when clearly indicating that they are constituent elements of the antenna element 100a or 100b, they are distinguished by attaching either the symbol a or b.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b are arranged orthogonally so as to partially overlap each other. The central axes in the z-axis direction of the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b coincide with each other.

  It should be noted that the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b may be arranged substantially orthogonally rather than completely orthogonally. Further, the central axes of the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b may not be completely coincident with each other but may be substantially coincident with each other, or the arrangement may be such that the central axes are shifted as shown in a modification example described later.

  Next, a common configuration of the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the antenna element 100 has a C-shaped conductor 104 formed on one side of a plate-shaped dielectric layer 108 (portion covered with a dotted line), and a C-shaped shape sandwiching the dielectric layer 108. A conductor feed line 105 is formed on the surface opposite to the conductor 104. Note that the front view of FIG. 4 depicts the C-shaped conductor 104 on the opposite surface so that the dielectric layer 108 can be seen through.

  Further, the shape of the conductors on both sides sandwiching the dielectric layer 108 and a conductor via 106 described later can be realized by etching the double-sided copper-clad dielectric substrate. Further, the conductor having a conductor shape can be made of a conductor material such as silver, aluminum and nickel in addition to copper.

  1 and 2, the dielectric layer 108 is not shown. Also, in the drawings described later, the dielectric layer 108 is omitted as appropriate.

  Alternatively, the dielectric layer 108 may be excluded from the configuration, and only the conductor portion of the antenna 10 may be supported by some method. Furthermore, the dielectric layer 108 may be composed of only a partial dielectric support member, and at least a part thereof may be hollow.

  Next, the C-shaped conductor 104 is a conductor that functions as a split ring resonator, and is a substantially C-shaped conductor in which the split portion 109 is formed so that a part of the annular conductor is discontinuous. . In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the C-shaped conductor 104 has a substantially rectangular shape, and a split portion 109 is formed on the long side thereof.

  The split portion 109 is a gap formed so that one end and the other end of the C-shaped conductor 104 face each other. Here, the length in the longitudinal direction of the C-shaped conductor 104 (corresponding to the x-axis direction for the antenna element 100a and corresponding to the y-axis direction for the antenna element 100b) is, for example, about λ / 4. Note that λ indicates a wavelength in a substance in which electromagnetic waves travel at the resonance frequency of the antenna element.

  Further, the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor feed line 105 are electrically connected by a conductor via 106 penetrating through the dielectric layer 108. The conductor via 106 is a via that electrically connects one conductor portion of the conductor portion 110 and the conductor portion 111 of the C-shaped conductor 104 facing each other via the split portion 109 and one end of the conductor feed line 105. . In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the via 106 electrically connects the conductor portion 110 on the long side far from the xy plane among the long sides of the C-shaped conductor 104 and one end of the conductor feed line 105. Connect to.

  The conductor power supply line 105 is a transmission line for supplying power from the power supply unit 107 to the C-shaped conductor 104. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the conductor feeder 105 is, for example, a conductor having a length approximately equal to the length of the C-shaped conductor 104 in the z-axis direction.

  The power feeding unit 107 is an operational power feeding unit to which high frequency power from a power supply (not shown) is supplied. More specifically, the power supply unit 107 electrically connects the other end of the conductor power supply line 105 (the side not connected to the conductor via 106) and the portion of the C-shaped conductor 104 in the vicinity of the other end. This is a power supply unit that can be excited.

  1 and 2 has one end where the conductor feed line 105 is not connected by the via 106 and overlaps the C-shaped conductor 104, and the C-shaped conductor 104 in the vicinity of the one end is the other end. As shown in FIG.

  Further, the power feeding unit 107 is connected to, for example, a wireless communication circuit (not shown) or a transmission line that transmits a wireless signal from the wireless communication circuit, and transmits a wireless signal between the wireless communication circuit and the antenna 10.

  The above is the common configuration of the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b.

  Next, a difference in configuration between the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first antenna element 100 a and the second antenna element 100 b have different configurations at the conductor intersection 51 where the C-shaped conductors 104 overlap. The dielectric layer 108 is a portion covered with a dotted line. The first antenna element 100a has a notch formed inside the C-shaped conductor at the conductor intersection 51a. On the other hand, the second antenna element 100b has a notch formed outside the C-shaped conductor at the conductor intersection 51b. As shown in FIG. 1, the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b are arranged at the conductor intersecting portions 51a and 51b without contacting the C-shaped conductors by these notches.

  Since the antenna 100a and the antenna 100b cross and fit with each other, the dielectric layer 108 is provided with cuts 52a and 52b. Both the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b are on the vertical line (on the z axis) of the gap of the split portion 109, the width of the cut is substantially equal to the thickness of the dielectric layer 108, and It is formed shorter than the gap of the split part 109.

  In addition, the notches 52a and 52b are formed at such a depth that the distances from the bottom surfaces of the antenna elements 100a and 100b (coordinates on the z-axis) are substantially equal to each other when they are engaged with each other. That is, the sum of the depth of cut (s 1) and the depth of cut (s 2) is formed to a length that substantially matches the length of the short side of the dielectric layer 108.

  Further, the notch of the C-shaped conductor 104 of each antenna element at the conductor intersection 51 is offset by a predetermined length from the end of the notch 52 of the dielectric layer 108, and the conductor between the antenna elements is fitted when fitted. Do not touch each other. However, as long as the conductor portions of the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b do not contact each other, the means is not limited to the offset of the conductor portion.

The above is the difference in configuration between the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b.

[Description of operation]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

  Referring to FIG. 4, the C-shaped conductor 104 of the antenna element 100 is an LC series resonator in which an inductance due to a current flowing along the ring and a capacitance generated between opposing conductors in the split portion 109 are connected in series. Function. That is, the C-shaped conductor 104 functions as a split ring resonator. In the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the split ring resonator, a large high-frequency current flows through the C-shaped conductor 104, and a part of the high-frequency current component contributes to the radiation to operate as an antenna.

  At this time, among the currents flowing through the C-shaped conductor 104, the main contribution to radiation is the longitudinal direction of the antenna element 100 (corresponding to the x-axis direction for the antenna element 100a and in the y-axis direction for the antenna element 100b). Equivalent) current component. For this reason, it is possible to realize good antenna efficiency by increasing the length of the C-shaped conductor 104 in the longitudinal direction. Here, the length of the C-shaped conductor 104 in the longitudinal direction is generally about λ / 4, which is almost the same as the case where an orthogonal two-polarization antenna is configured by a dipole antenna element having an element length of about λ / 2. The antenna efficiency is realized.

  Then, by applying high-frequency power to the power feeding unit 107a of the antenna element 100a, electromagnetic waves that are polarized in the x-axis direction are emitted into the space. Further, by applying high-frequency power to the power feeding unit 107b of the antenna element 100b, electromagnetic waves that are polarized in the y-axis direction are emitted into the space. In this manner, the antenna 10 emits two orthogonally polarized electromagnetic waves from the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b.

  Although the antenna 10 has been described as the transmitting antenna so far, the receiving antenna operates with the same characteristics by the reversibility theorem of the antenna.

  Further, the C-shaped conductor 104 of the antenna element 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is substantially rectangular. However, if the antenna elements 100a and 100b are arranged as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the antenna elements 100a and 100b may have other shapes, but the essential effects of the present invention are affected. Absent. For example, the antenna elements 100a and 100b may have a square shape, a circular shape, a triangular shape, a bowtie shape, or the like.

  Further, in the antenna element 100 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the rectangular short side is arranged in parallel with the z-axis, but the conductor surface line other than the short side of the antenna element 100 is parallel to the z-axis. It may be arranged.

  In general, in a split ring resonator, when the ring diameter of the split ring (C-shaped conductor 104) is increased to increase the current path and increase the inductance, the resonance frequency is lowered. Alternatively, the resonance frequency can also be lowered by increasing the capacitance by narrowing the interval between the opposing conductors in the split portion 109. In particular, the method of narrowing the distance between the opposing conductors at the split portion 109 is suitable for miniaturization because the resonance frequency can be lowered without increasing the overall shape of the antenna element 100.

  When the antenna elements 100a and 100b resonate electromagnetically, the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction (corresponding to the x-axis direction for the antenna element 100a and the y-axis direction for the antenna element 100b) is electrically It becomes an open surface. Therefore, the electric field strength is large and the magnetic field strength is small in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the antenna element. The vicinity of the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the antenna elements 100a and 100b is an electrically shorted surface, and the magnetic field strength is large and the electric field strength is small.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, when the antenna elements 100a and 100b are arranged so that the central portions thereof are orthogonal to each other, the portions where the electric field strength is strong are not close to each other and the magnetic fields are orthogonal. Therefore, with such an arrangement, since the coupling between the antenna elements is small, one antenna element is hardly affected by the other antenna element, and deterioration of antenna efficiency can be suppressed.

  As described above, since the magnetic field strength near the center of the antenna element 100 is small, the presence or absence of the C-shaped conductor 104 has little influence on the antenna characteristics. However, the thickness of the dielectric layer 108 (the width of the notch) is sufficiently small with respect to the peripheral length of the C-shaped conductor 104, particularly when the same characteristics as when the conductor portion has no notch are used. Is desirable.

  Note that by changing the connection position between the conductor via 106 and the C-shaped conductor 104, the input impedance of the split ring resonator viewed from the power feeding unit 107 can be changed. Then, by matching the input impedance of the split ring resonator with the impedance of a wireless communication circuit (not shown) or the transmission line ahead of the power supply unit 107, it is possible to feed the wireless communication signal to the antenna with less reflection. . However, even if the impedance is not matched, the essential effect of the present invention is not affected.

By using the structure of the conductor intersecting portions 51a and 51b shown in the present embodiment, even when the two antenna elements are arranged at the same height, the conductor portions do not come into contact with each other. Can do.
As described above, the antenna shown in the present embodiment can realize a smaller orthogonal two-polarized antenna as compared with the orthogonal two-polarized antenna using a dipole antenna as an antenna element.
[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

The antenna 20 shown in the present embodiment is different in configuration from the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment, and the operation is the same.
[Description of configuration]
The structure of the antenna 20 which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to drawings.

  26 is a perspective view of the antenna 20, FIG. 27 is a front view of the antenna 20, and FIG. 28 is a plan view of the antenna 20. In the following description, the same components as those of the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted as appropriate. For the dielectric layer 108, the dielectric layer 108a of the antenna element 100a and the dielectric layer 108b of the antenna element 100b are not shown, and the dielectric layer 108 is also omitted as appropriate in the drawings described later. .

  As shown in FIG. 26, the antenna 20 of the present embodiment is configured so that the first antenna element 100 and the second antenna element 100b partially overlap each other, like the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment. Are arranged orthogonally. The central axes in the z-axis direction of the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b coincide with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 29, the C-shaped conductor 104b of the antenna element 100b is interrupted at a notch 52b provided at the end of the dielectric layer. Further, when the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b are arranged orthogonally, the conductor land 53 and the conductor via 54 for connecting the conductors in which the antenna element 100b is interrupted are connected to the ring of the C-shaped conductor 104a of the antenna element 100a. Equipped inside.

  Since the common configuration of the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  Next, differences in configuration between the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b in the present embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 26, when the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b are arranged orthogonally, the configuration of the C-shaped conductor 104 in the conductor intersection 51 where the C-shaped conductor 104 overlaps is obtained. Different. In the first antenna element 100a, a notch is formed inside the C-shaped conductor 104 at the conductor intersection 51a, and the C-shaped conductor 104a and the ring of the C-shaped conductor 104a near the notch are connected to the first antenna element 100a. Conductive vias 54 and conductive lands 53 that are not conductive are formed. On the other hand, in the second antenna element 100b, the C-shaped conductor 104b is interrupted at the conductor intersection 51b.

  Then, the conductor part of the C-shaped conductor 104b and the conductor land 53 of the antenna element 100a are connected to each other by soldering or the like, so that the conductor is interrupted by the notch of the C-shaped conductor 104b. The part conducts.

  In this way, the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b are arranged at the conductor intersection 51 without the C-shaped conductors 104 coming into contact with each other.

  Next, detailed structures of the antenna 100a and the antenna 100b will be described with reference to FIG. In order to cross-fit the antenna 100a and the antenna 100b, a cut 52 is provided in each dielectric layer 108. Both the first antenna element 100a and the second antenna element 100b are on the vertical line (on the z axis) of the gap of the split portion 109, the width of the cut is substantially equal to the thickness of the dielectric layer 108, and It is formed narrower than the gap between the portions 109.

  The notches 52a and 52b are formed with such a depth that the distances from the bottom surfaces of the antenna elements 100a and 100b (coordinates on the z-axis) are substantially equal to each other when they are fitted perpendicularly to each other. That is, the sum of the depth (s3) of the cut 52a and the depth (s4) of the cut 52b is formed to a length that substantially matches the length of the short side of the dielectric layer 108.

  Further, the notch in the vicinity of the conductor land 53 inside the C-shaped conductor 104a of the antenna element 100a is formed with a length shorter than the short side of the C-shaped conductor 104a.

  The C-shaped conductor 104b in the portion of the notch 52b of the antenna element 100b is in contact with the conductor land 53 of the antenna element 100a in the upper part, but is not in contact with the C-shaped conductor 104a of the antenna element 100a in the lower part.

The antenna element of the antenna 20 of this embodiment has a shallow depth of cut inside the C-shaped conductor 104 of one antenna element as compared to the antenna element of the first embodiment. Therefore, there is an advantage that the dielectric layer 108 which is a supporting base material is not easily damaged at the cut portion, and the joining property at the time of fitting is good.
[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Description of configuration]
FIG. 32 shows a configuration example of this embodiment.

  The antenna 30 of the present embodiment includes an antenna 10, a conductor plate 31, and a spacer 32, and the antenna 10 has the same configuration as the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment. The antenna 10 is disposed on the conductor plate 31 with a predetermined interval by a spacer 32 (shaded portion in the figure). The spacer 32 is realized by a low-loss dielectric or the like, but may be a space or a partial support as long as the conductor plate 31 and the antenna 10 can be separated at a constant interval.

Moreover, although the antenna 10 in the antenna 30 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, the configuration is not limited thereto. The antenna 10 can be similarly configured even if it is replaced with the configuration of the antenna 20 shown in the second embodiment. Hereinafter, a configuration using the antenna 10 will be described as an example.
[Description of operation]
According to the configuration of the present embodiment, the conductor plate 31 acts as a radio wave reflector. Therefore, although radio waves are radiated in the direction of the surface of the conductor plate 31 on which the antenna is disposed, almost no radio waves are radiated on the opposite surface of the conductor plate 31.

  The distance between the antenna 10 and the conductor plate 31 (distance Z in FIG. 32) is preferably about ¼ of the wavelength corresponding to the resonance frequency of the antenna 10. When the distance Z in FIG. 32 is about 1/4 of the wavelength, an electromagnetic wave radiated from the antenna 10 in the positive z-axis direction and an electromagnetic wave radiated in the negative z-axis direction and reflected by the conductor plate 31 are generated. Since they mutually strengthen each other, the antenna gain in the z-axis positive direction is improved. However, even if the distance Z is a value other than ¼ of the wavelength, the essential effect of the present invention is not affected.

  On the other hand, the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment radiates radio waves almost symmetrically in the positive and negative directions of the z axis in FIG.

  For example, in an antenna used for a base station of a mobile communication network, radiation having directivity in one direction as in the antenna 30 shown in the present embodiment is used instead of the symmetrical radiation characteristic of the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment. It is generally required to be a characteristic.

The antenna 30 shown in this embodiment is effective when a radiation characteristic having directivity in one direction is required.
[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Description of configuration]
FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the present embodiment.

  The antenna 40 of this embodiment is different from the antenna 30 of the third embodiment in that conductor plates 123a and 123b are provided for the antenna elements 100a and 100b, respectively. The conductor plate 123a and the conductor plate 123b are indicated by hatching in FIG. The conductor plate 123 has one end connected to the outer edge portion of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the other end connected to the conductor plate 31, and feeds power from the power feeding unit 107 to the C-shaped conductor 104 together with the conductor feeding line 105. For forming a microstrip line.

  The position where the conductor plate 123 is connected to the outer edge portion of the C-shaped conductor 104 is in the vicinity of the position facing the split portion 109 of the C-shaped conductor 104. That is, the conductor plate 123 is connected to a portion located in the vicinity of the center portion of the C-shaped conductor 104 in the outer edge portion of the C-shaped conductor 104. Here, the central portion of the C-shaped conductor 104 refers to the central portion of the C-shaped conductor 104a in the x-axis direction for the C-shaped conductor 104a, and the C-shaped conductor 104b in the y-axis direction for the C-shaped conductor 104b. The middle part of

  The power feeding unit 107 can be electrically excited between one end portion of the conductor power supply line 105 on the extended side and the conductor plate 123 near the position where the power feeding unit 107 is disposed. In addition, on the back side of the conductor plate 31, that is, on the opposite side of the antenna 40, for example, a radio circuit including an oscillator, an amplifier, and the like (not shown) may be disposed.

  In addition, the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b of the antenna 40 are arranged with respect to the conductor plate 31 so that the height with respect to the conductor plate 31 is the same as the antenna elements 100a and 100b of the antenna 30 shown in the third embodiment. It is arranged vertically. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 36, the antenna element 100a is provided with the cut 52a and the antenna element 100b is provided with the cut 52b. Therefore, the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b can be combined in an intersecting manner.

  Similarly to the third embodiment, the conductor plate 31 is a short-circuited surface with respect to the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b. Therefore, in order to suppress the influence on the resonance characteristics of the antenna element, it is more desirable that the distance Z between the antenna elements 100a and 100b and the conductor plate 31 in FIGS. That is, it is more desirable that the distance Z is approximately one quarter of the wavelength at the resonance frequency of the antenna element. However, even when the wavelength is not about one-fourth, the essential effect of the present invention is not affected.

  Further, as a difference from the configuration of the first embodiment, the depth (s1) of the cut 52a does not have to be limited to the length in the ring of the C-shaped conductor 104, and may extend to the region of the conductor plate 123. Is possible.

  However, as the depth of the cut 52a of the antenna element 100a extends from the C-shaped conductor portion 104 to the conductor plate conductor feeding portion 123, the current path in the antenna element 100a flows around to the conductor feeding portion. . For this reason, the difference in characteristics between the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b becomes large, and therefore the depth of the notch 52a needs to be appropriately adjusted.

  Although the antenna 40 is different from the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment in the points described above, other configurations are the same as the antenna 30.

Moreover, although the conductor plate 123 shown in FIG. 33 thru | or FIG. 35 is connected to the conductor plate 31, it does not necessarily need to be connected. It should be noted that the positions of the conductor feed line 105, the conductor via 106, and the feed portion 107 do not affect the essential effects of the present invention, regardless of whether they are located on the left or right side of the split portion 109.
[Description of operation]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

  In general, when a high-frequency signal transmission line is connected to an antenna element, the resonance characteristics of the antenna element often change depending on the arrangement and shape of the transmission line near the antenna element.

  As shown in FIGS. 33 to 36, the portion where the conductor plate 123 is connected to the antenna element 100 is located at the substantially central portion of the lower side of the antenna element 100 in the longitudinal direction. As described in the description of the first embodiment, this position is a high-frequency short-circuit surface and a portion where the electric field strength is small in the C-shaped conductor 104 which is a resonator. Therefore, when the conductor plate 123 is connected as described above, the conductor plate 123 hardly generates reactance that affects the resonance characteristics. As a result, the inventors have found that the resonance characteristics of the antenna elements 100a and 100b hardly change.

  In the present embodiment, the conductor feed line 105 and the conductor plate 123 form a transmission line that connects the feed unit 107 and the antenna element 100. And since the connection position of this transmission line is near the high-frequency short-circuit surface as described above, the influence on the resonance characteristics of the antenna element 100 is small.

  On the other hand, when the power feeding unit 107 is close to the antenna element 100, the resonance characteristics of the antenna element 100 are easily affected by the power feeding line and the circuit ahead of the power feeding unit on the side away from the antenna. However, by using a transmission line composed of the above-described conductor feed line 105 and conductor plate 123, the feed part 107 can be provided at a position far from the antenna element 100. As a result, the antenna element 100 is unlikely to be affected by a power supply line or a circuit on the opposite side of the antenna from the power supply unit, and a stable resonance characteristic can be obtained.

  Next, design considerations are described.

  As described above, it is preferable that the conductor plate 123 is connected to substantially the center in the longitudinal direction of the outer edge portion of the antenna element 100 corresponding to the electrical short-circuit surface at the time of resonance.

  The antenna element 100 and the conductor plate 123 can be regarded as an electrical short-circuited surface if it is approximately within a range of 1/4 of the length in the longitudinal direction from substantially the center in the longitudinal direction of the outer edge portion of the antenna element 100. It is desirable to connect within this range.

  However, even if the conductor plate 123 is located in a range other than the above, the essential effect of the present invention is not affected.

  Further, the impedance of the antenna 40 observed from the power feeding unit 107 depends on the connection position between the conductor via 106 and the C-shaped conductor 104 as described in the description of the first embodiment. However, in the antenna 40 according to the present embodiment, it also depends on the characteristic impedance of the transmission line constituted by the extended conductor feed line 105 and the conductor plate 123.

  It is desirable that the characteristic impedance of the transmission line described above matches the input impedance of the split ring resonator. However, even if the impedance is not matched, the essential effect of the present invention is not affected.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effect according to the third embodiment, an orthogonal dual-polarized antenna in which the influence of the transmission line on the resonance characteristics of the antenna element is suppressed is realized.
[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  The antenna 200 of this embodiment includes a flat plate-like first antenna element 211, a flat plate-like second antenna element 212, and a contact conductor 213. The first antenna element 211 has an annular first conductor 201 having a gap and a notch, one end connected to the inside of the ring, and the other end having a first gap with respect to the inside of the ring. And a second conductor 202 to be disposed. Further, in the antenna 200, the contact conductor 213 is disposed in the notch. The second antenna element 212 has one end connected to the ring-shaped third conductor 221 having a second gap bridged by the contact conductor 213 and having a gap, and the inside of the ring, The other end includes a fourth conductor 222 disposed with a third gap with respect to the inside of the ring. The first antenna element 211 and the second antenna element 212 are substantially perpendicular to each other in the line segments included in the area within each outline.

  The antenna 200 of the present embodiment has a ring-shaped first conductor 201 having a gap, one end connected to the inside of the ring, and the other end arranged with a first gap with respect to the inside of the ring. The first antenna element 211 having a flat plate shape having the conductor 202 is provided. Further, the antenna 200 includes a second antenna element 212 having a substantially congruent shape with the first antenna element 211, and the second antenna element 212 is arranged with respect to one axis passing through the first antenna element 211. Is disposed at a position rotated 90 degrees. The antenna 200 has a notch in the first conductor 201 of the first antenna element 211, and further has a contact conductor 213 in the notch. In addition, the first conductor 221 of the second antenna element 212 has a second gap, and the first conductor 221 of the second antenna element 212 sandwiching the second gap is the contact conductor 213. Contact with.

  As described above, the antenna shown in this embodiment can realize a small orthogonal two-polarized antenna.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be expanded or modified as follows.
(Modification 1)
The antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment may be appropriately incorporated as a wireless communication device such as a wireless local area network (LAN) or an antenna unit in a mobile communication base station. FIG. 5 illustrates a wireless communication device 11 that is an example of a wireless communication device including the antenna 10. The wireless communication device 11 shown in FIG. 5 includes an antenna 10, a dielectric radome 112 that mechanically protects the antenna 10, a wireless communication circuit unit 114, and the antenna element 100 of the antenna 10 and the wireless communication circuit unit 114. A transmission line 113 for transmitting a radio signal is provided. In FIG. 5, the dielectric radome 112 is not shown.
(Modification 2)
Further, an array antenna can be configured by using a plurality of antennas 10 shown in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 shows a top view of an array antenna 12 configured using a plurality of antennas 10. The array antenna 12 has, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of antennas 10 are arranged at a distance of about one half of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave having the resonance frequency of the antenna element 100.
(Modification 3)
Furthermore, a wireless communication apparatus can be configured using the array antenna 12 of the second modification. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication device 13 configured using the array antenna 12. The wireless communication device 13 includes an array antenna 12, a dielectric radome 112, a transmission line 113, and a wireless communication circuit unit 115. Further, the wireless communication device 13 may further include, for example, a baseband processing unit. In FIG. 7, the dielectric radome 112 is not shown.
(Modification 4)
As described in the first embodiment, in order to suppress the coupling between the antenna elements, it is preferable to arrange the antenna elements 100a and 100b so as to intersect at the center as shown in FIG. However, the antenna element 100b is not necessarily arranged so as to intersect at the center. 8 and 9 are diagrams illustrating an arrangement in which the antenna element 100b intersects with the antenna element 100a at a place other than the central portion.

FIG. 8 is a front view of the antenna 10, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the antenna 10. In the example shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the intersecting portion when the antenna element 100 b is fitted is arranged so as to overlap at a position shifted from the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the antenna element 100 b. In this manner, the antenna elements 100b may be arranged so as to overlap at a position other than the central portion.
(Modification 5)
Next, another modification of the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment will be described.

  The antenna element 100 does not necessarily have the structure shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 10 to 24 are diagrams showing various modifications of the configuration of the antenna element 100. FIG. Since the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b have the same structure except for the conductor cutout, the cutout is omitted in FIGS.

  For example, in the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 10, the dielectric layer 108 is formed with a large size with respect to the C-shaped conductor 104. In the antenna 10 shown in the first embodiment, since the outer side of the C-shaped conductor 104 matches the outer shape, the outer side of the C-shaped conductor is also cut when the outer shape is cut when the antenna element is manufactured. May cause the dimensions to shift. Compared to the dimension of the dielectric layer 108, the dimension of the C-shaped conductor 104 greatly changes the characteristics of the antenna.

Therefore, if the dielectric layer 108 is larger than the C-shaped conductor 104, the risk of cutting the C-shaped conductor 104 when the dielectric layer 108 is cut is extremely small. Misalignment can be prevented.
(Modification 6)
Furthermore, another modification of the antenna element 100 is shown.

In the configuration of FIG. 4 shown in the first embodiment, the notch of the antenna element 100a is formed deeply with respect to the dielectric substrate that is the supporting base material of the C-shaped conductor 104, so that the dielectric substrate 108 is cut. There is a concern of breaking at the notch. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25, when the dimension of the dielectric substrate 108 in the z-axis direction is increased, the support base material of the antenna 10 is strengthened, so that there is an effect of preventing the antenna 10 from being broken during fitting.
(Modification 7)
Further, in the antenna element 100 of FIG. 4 shown in the first embodiment, one end of the conductor feed line 105 is electrically connected directly above the C-shaped conductor 104 without using the conductor via 106 as shown in FIG. You may connect to. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, the conductor feed line 105 may be a linear conductor such as a copper wire.
(Modification 8)
Alternatively, instead of the conductor feed line 105 of FIG. 1 shown in the first embodiment, a plurality of conductor feed lines may be used as shown in FIG. The antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 12 includes a conductor feed line 151 in the same layer as the C-shaped conductor 104, a conductor feed line 152, and a conductor via 153 in a layer different from the C-shaped conductor 104. One end of the conductor power supply line 151 is electrically connected to the conductor portion 111 of the C-shaped conductor 104. In addition, one end of the conductor power supply line 152 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 107. Further, the other end of the conductor feed line 151 and the other end of the conductor feed line 152 are electrically connected via a conductor via 153.
(Modification 9)
Furthermore, a modification of the antenna element 100 shown in the first embodiment is shown in FIG.

  In the antenna element 100 of FIG. 13, a part on the long side of the C-shaped conductor 104 on the power feeding unit side is cut out. A conductor feed line 105 is passed through the notched portion. Further, a power feeding portion 107 is provided so as to electrically excite between the conductor power feeding line 105 and the end portion of the C-shaped conductor 104 forming the notch.

In the case of such a configuration, the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor feed line 105 can be formed in the same layer, so that the manufacture is easy. However, further contrivances may be made to compensate for the deterioration of the resonance characteristics of the split ring resonator due to the cutout of the C-shaped conductor 104. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the antenna element 100 may include a bridging conductor 116 that conducts the notched portion of the split ring resonator without contacting the conductor feed line 105.
(Modification 10)
Further, the antenna element 100 may be further devised for improving electrical characteristics. As described in the first embodiment, among the currents flowing through the C-shaped conductor 104, the main contribution to radiation is the longitudinal direction of the antenna element 100 (the antenna element 100a corresponds to the x-axis direction, and the antenna This is the current component of the element 100b (corresponding to the y-axis direction). Therefore, in the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 15, the conductor radiating portion 117 is connected to the short sides of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the C-shaped conductor 104. The conductor radiating portion 117 may be made of the same material as the C-shaped conductor 104. With such a configuration, the current component in the longitudinal direction of the C-shaped conductor 104 that contributes to radiation is guided to the conductor radiation portion 117, so that the antenna efficiency is improved. The conductor radiating portion 117 may be provided only at one end of the C-shaped conductor 104.
(Modification 11)
The shape of the conductor radiating portion 117 shown in the modified example 10 is not limited to the shape described above, and various modifications can be made.

  In the antenna element 100 of FIG. 15 shown in the modified example 10, the shape in which the sides of the portion where the conductor radiating portion 117 and the C-shaped conductor 104 are connected matches each other is shown. The shape is not limited to this. And about the part which the conductor radiation | emission part 117 and the C-shaped conductor 104 connect, the length of each edge | side does not need to be the same. For example, like the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, the side of the conductor radiating portion 117 is longer than the side of the C-shaped conductor 104 at the portion where the conductor radiating portion 117 and the C-shaped conductor 104 are connected. May be. In the antenna element 100 shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the conductor radiating portion 117 is added in addition to the C-shaped conductor 104, so that the length of the conductor portion in the longitudinal direction of the antenna element 100 increases and the portion contributing to radiation expands. Realize better antenna efficiency.

Further, like the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 18, the shape of the C-shaped conductor 104 may be a rectangle having a long side in the z-axis direction. Moreover, the conductor radiation | emission part 117 may be shapes, such as not only a rectangle but square, circle, and a triangle.
(Modification 12)
Further, as described in the first embodiment, in the split ring resonator, when the size of the split ring is increased, the current path becomes longer, and as a result, the inductance is increased, so that the resonance frequency is lowered. Alternatively, the split ring resonator can also lower the resonance frequency by increasing the capacitance by narrowing the interval between the opposing conductors at the split portion 109.

  At this time, as another method of increasing the capacitance, there is a method of increasing the area of the C-shaped conductor 104 facing the split portion 109. In the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 19, both end portions of the C-shaped conductor 104 facing each other via the split portion 109 are bent substantially at right angles to the facing direction, so The cross-sectional area in the conductor thickness direction is increased.

The technique for lowering the resonance frequency of the antenna is synonymous with the technique for downsizing the antenna at a desired resonance frequency, and this modification is a technique for downsizing the antenna.
(Modification 13)
Further, as shown in FIG. 20 or FIG. 21, as an antenna miniaturization technique, the antenna element 100 is opposed to the split portion 109 by providing an auxiliary conductor pattern in a layer different from the layer where the C-shaped conductor 104 exists. The conductor area to be increased may be increased. The antenna element 100 shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 is provided with two auxiliary conductor patterns 118 in a layer different from the layer in which the C-shaped conductor 104 exists. The two auxiliary conductor patterns 118 are similarly bent so as to face the bent ends of the C-shaped conductor 104. Further, the vicinity of each end portion of the C-shaped conductor 104 opposed via the split portion 109 and each auxiliary conductor pattern 118 are electrically connected by a conductor via 119.

  By adopting such a configuration, the opposing conductor area increases in the split portion 109 in the split ring resonator. In the example shown in FIG. 20, the two auxiliary conductor patterns 118 are disposed in the same layer as the conductor feeder 105. Further, the two auxiliary conductor patterns 118 of the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 21 are formed in different layers from the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor feed line 105.

  Further, the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 22 has at least an auxiliary conductor pattern 118 that is electrically connected to one part of both parts of the C-shaped conductor 104 facing each other through the split part 109 and is opposed to the other part. Prepare one. Note that the auxiliary conductor pattern 118 of the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 22 is electrically connected to the C-shaped conductor 104 by the conductor via 119. Further, an auxiliary conductor pattern 118 is provided for one conductor part sandwiching the split, and the auxiliary conductor pattern 118 and a part of the other conductor part sandwiching the split are formed by the layer of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the auxiliary conductor pattern 118. It is facing between the layers. In this manner, by forming the auxiliary conductor pattern 118, the cross-sectional area in the conductor thickness direction of the opposing conductors in the split portion 109 increases.

In the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 22, the auxiliary conductor pattern 118 and the conductor feed line 105 are arranged in the same layer, but they may be arranged in different layers. In the example shown in FIG. 20 to FIG. 22, both end portions of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the auxiliary conductor pattern 118 are bent, but may be unbent or other shapes. It may be.
(Modification 14)
Further, as a technique for miniaturizing the antenna, the antenna element 100 may be configured by providing a C-shaped conductor 120 having the same configuration as the C-shaped conductor 104 in addition to the C-shaped conductor 104 as shown in FIG. Good. Here, the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 23 has a C-shaped conductor 120 which is a second C-shaped conductor in a layer different from the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor feed line 105. Further, the layer of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the layer of the C-shaped conductor 120 are configured so as to sandwich the layer of the conductor feeder 105, and the C-shaped conductor 104 and the C-shaped conductor 120 are composed of a plurality of conductors. The vias 121 are electrically connected to each other.

  The C-shaped conductor 104 and the C-shaped conductor 120 operate as one split ring resonator. Here, the conductors facing each other at the split portion are opposed to both the conductor of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor of the C-shaped conductor 120. Since the capacitance of the split portion is larger than the capacitance of only the C-shaped conductor 104, the shape of the antenna element 100 can be further reduced.

According to this configuration, the conductor feeder 105 is surrounded by the C-shaped conductors 104 and 120, which are conductive conductors, and the plurality of conductor vias 121. Therefore, there is an effect that the emission of unnecessary electromagnetic waves from the conductor feeder 105 is reduced.
(Modification 15)
In the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 24, an auxiliary conductor pattern 118 is formed in a layer sandwiched between the layer of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the layer of the C-shaped conductor 120. The auxiliary conductor pattern 118 is electrically connected to the conductor portion near the split portion 109 in the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor portion near the split portion 122 in the C-shaped conductor 120 by the conductor via 119. By adding the auxiliary conductor pattern 118 in this way, the opposing conductor areas at the split portion 109 of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the split portion 122 of the C-shaped conductor 120 are increased, and the capacitance of the split portion 122 can be increased. It becomes possible. Therefore, the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 24 can be further downsized than the antenna element 100 shown in FIG.

The antenna element 100 in FIGS. 23 and 24 is not clearly shown in the C-shaped conductor portion not only in the C-shaped conductor 104 but also in the C-shaped conductor 120 that opposes through the dielectric. Has a notch. This notch is similar to the notches 51a and 51b of FIG. 4 shown in the first embodiment. When the two antenna elements are arranged orthogonally, the C-shaped conductor 104 and the C-shaped conductor are arranged between the antenna elements. 120 conductor crossings are provided so that they do not contact.
(Modification 16)
Next, various modifications of the second embodiment will be described below. Various modifications described below may be combined as appropriate.

  As in the antenna 20 shown in FIG. 26, the antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b are preferably arranged so that their center portions overlap each other, but the antenna elements 100 do not necessarily overlap each other. FIG. 31 is a plan view showing another arrangement example of the antenna 20. FIG. 30 is a front view of the antenna element 100 a and the antenna element 100 b of the antenna 20.

  The antenna element 100 in the antenna 20 shown in FIG. 30 and FIG. 31 is arranged so that the intersection when the antenna element 100 is fitted overlaps at a position shifted from the substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of the antenna element 100. . As described above, the antenna elements 100 may be arranged so as to overlap at positions other than the substantially central portion.

In the antenna 20 shown in FIG. 30, the upper part of the C-shaped conductor of the antenna element 100a and the lower part of the C-shaped conductor of the antenna element 100b are interrupted by notches. Further, the conductor via 53a and the conductor land 54a are provided inside the ring of the antenna element 100a, and the conductor via 53b and the conductor land 54b are provided inside the ring of the antenna element 100b. The antenna element 100a and the antenna element 100b are connected to each other by a conductor via and a conductor land provided in the other antenna element.
(Modification 17)
Next, a modification of the fourth embodiment is shown.

In the example shown in FIGS. 33 to 36 used in the description of the fourth embodiment, the notch 52a of the antenna element 100a is extended to the conductor plate 123. Even in such a configuration, as with the antenna element 100 shown in the second embodiment, the antenna element 100 can be configured using an auxiliary conductor pattern and a conductor via as shown in FIG. .
(Modification 18)
Subsequently, another modification of the fourth embodiment is shown in FIG. Like the antenna 40 shown in FIG. 38, the conductor plate 123a connected to the antenna element 100a and the conductor plate 123b connected to the antenna element 100b may be arranged at intervals so as not to contact each other. However, the conductor plate 123a and the conductor plate 123b are electrically connected to each other via the conductor plate 31.
(Modification 19)
Further, as shown in FIG. 39 as a modification of the fourth embodiment, a coplanar line constituted by the extended conductor feed line 105 and the conductor plate 123 may be used as a transmission line. In the example shown in FIG. 39, the C-shaped conductor 104, the conductor feed line 105, and the conductor plate 123 are formed in the same layer.

  A part of the C-shaped conductor 104 on the long side close to the conductor plate 31 is cut out. The conductor plate 123 has a slit that follows the notch of the C-shaped conductor 104, and the conductor feed line 105 passes between the notch of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the slit of the conductor plate 123 toward the conductor plate 31. Stretched.

In this way, the conductor feed line 105 and the conductor plate 123 constitute a coplanar line.
(Modification 20)
As a modification of the fourth embodiment, the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. 40 is the same as the C-shaped conductor 104 in addition to the C-shaped conductor 104, similarly to the antenna element 100 shown in FIG. It is constituted by a C-shaped conductor 120 having a shape. The C-shaped conductor 120 is disposed in a different layer from the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor feed line 105. Similarly to the C-shaped conductor 104, the conductor plate 123 is connected to the C-shaped conductor 120 in the same layer as the C-shaped conductor 120. The layer of the conductor feed line 105 is sandwiched between the layer of the C-shaped conductor 104 and the conductor plate 123 and the layer of the C-shaped conductor 120 and the conductor plate 124.

  The C-shaped conductor 104 and the C-shaped conductor 120 are electrically connected to each other by a plurality of conductor vias 121. The conductor plate 123 and the conductor plate 124 are also electrically connected to each other by a plurality of conductor vias 125.

With this configuration, the conductor feed line 105 is surrounded by the conductor plate 123, the conductor plate 124, and the plurality of conductor vias 125 with a conductor, so that unnecessary electromagnetic wave radiation from the conductor feed line 105 is reduced. It becomes possible to do.
(Modification 21)
Alternatively, as a modification of the fourth embodiment, a coaxial line may be used instead of the transmission line shown in Modification 19 and Modification 20, as shown in FIG. The antenna element 100 of the antenna 40 shown in FIG. 41 has the same conductor feed line 105 as that of the first embodiment. A coaxial cable 130 is connected to the antenna element 100. The coaxial cable 130 includes a core wire 131 and an outer conductor 132. Here, the core wire 131 is connected to the conductor feed line 105, and the external conductor 132 is connected to the lower end of the C-shaped conductor 104. The power feeding unit 107 is provided so as to electrically excite between the core wire 131 and the outer conductor 132.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 42, the coaxial cable may be provided on the back side (z-axis negative direction side) of the conductor plate 31. 42 and 43 are diagrams illustrating an example of the antenna 40 when the coaxial cable is provided on the back side of the conductor plate 31. FIG. 42 and 43, the conductor plate 31 is provided with a clearance 126 that is a through hole. A connector 127 is provided at a position on the back side (the negative direction side of the z axis) of the conductor plate 31 corresponding to the position of the clearance 126. The connector 127 is a connector for connecting a coaxial cable (not shown).

  The outer conductor 129 of the connector 127 is connected to the conductor plate 31. The core wire 128 of the connector 127 passes through the clearance 126 and penetrates to the front side of the conductor plate 31 (the positive direction side of the z-axis) and is connected to the conductor feed line 105 of the antenna element 100. Furthermore, the power feeding unit 107 can be electrically excited between the core wire 128 of the connector 127 and the external conductor 129.

With such a configuration, the wireless communication circuit or the like is disposed at a position hidden by the conductor plate 31 with respect to the antenna 40, and thus the wireless communication circuit or the like does not affect the radiation characteristics of the antenna 40. In the example shown in FIGS. 42 and 43, the transmission line on the back side of the conductor plate 31 is a coaxial cable (not shown), but another transmission line may be used.
(Modification 22)
Further, when the array antenna is configured by arranging a plurality of antennas 40 of the fourth embodiment, the dielectric layer 108 may be shared between the plurality of antennas 40. In the array antenna 14 shown in FIGS. 44 and 45, a plurality of antenna elements 100a and a plurality of conductor plates 123a arranged on the same plane are formed on one dielectric layer 108a. Similarly, a plurality of antenna elements 100b and a plurality of conductor plates 123b arranged on the same plane are formed on a common dielectric layer 108b.

  By configuring the array antenna in this way, the assembly work of the plurality of antenna elements 100 and the plurality of conductor plates 123 can be reduced.

  In the example of the array antenna 14 in FIGS. 44 and 45, the arrangement of the adjacent antenna elements 40 and the direction of the plane of the dielectric substrate 108 are configured to coincide with each other. Does not affect the essential effect. For example, FIGS. 46 and 47 are diagrams showing another arrangement configuration of the array antenna 14. The antennas 40 are inclined by 45 degrees, and similarly, antenna elements arranged in the same plane are formed on the common dielectric layer 108.

  The configurations shown in FIGS. 46 and 47 are effective when the outer shape of the array antenna 14 is determined and the polarization is set in an arbitrary direction.

  A part or all of the above-described embodiment can be described as in the following supplementary notes, but is not limited thereto.

(Appendix 1)
A plate-like shape having a first conductor having an annular shape having a gap and a notch, and a second conductor having one end connected to the inside of the ring and the other end arranged with a first gap with respect to the inside of the ring A first antenna element of
A contact conductor disposed in the notch;
An annular third conductor having a second gap that is bridged by the contact conductor and having an air gap formed therein, one end connected to the inside of the ring, and the other end connected to the inside of the ring A flat second antenna element including a fourth conductor arranged with a gap of
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first and second antenna elements are substantially orthogonal to each other in a line segment included in a region within each outline.

(Appendix 2)
The antenna according to appendix 1, wherein the contact conductor is formed of a conductor integral with the first antenna element.

(Appendix 3)
The first conductor is formed of a conductor foil pasted on one side of the dielectric substrate, the second conductor is formed of a conductor foil pasted on the other side of the dielectric substrate,
One end of the second conductor is electrically connected to the first conductor through a through hole,
The contact conductor is one in which conductor lands on both sides of the dielectric substrate are connected by through holes,
The dielectric substrates of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are provided with cuts, and the cuts of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are combined to fit the dielectric substrates together. And
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the notch is a part of a notch in the dielectric substrate.

(Appendix 4)
The first antenna element is formed by a conductive foil attached to a dielectric substrate,
The dielectric substrates of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are provided with notches, and the notches of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are combined to fit the dielectric substrates together. Together
The antenna according to appendix 2, wherein the notch is a part of a notch in the dielectric substrate.

(Appendix 5)
The antenna according to any one of appendix 1 to appendix 4, wherein the first conductor has a shape having a long side and a short side, and the line segment is substantially parallel to the short side.

(Appendix 6)
6. The antenna according to appendix 5, wherein the line segment is located at substantially the center of the longitudinal direction.

(Appendix 7)
Any one of appendix 1 to appendix 6, wherein both portions of the first conductor of the first antenna element facing through the gap are bent in a direction substantially orthogonal to the facing direction. The antenna according to Crab.

(Appendix 8)
Any one of appendix 1 to appendix 7, further comprising a conductor connected to the facing portion of the first conductor of the first antenna element facing through the gap and facing the facing portion together with the facing portion. Antenna described in.

(Appendix 9)
The first antenna element further includes a fifth conductor having a substantially congruent shape with the first conductor and having a flat plate-like surface disposed substantially in parallel, and the first conductor and the fifth conductor Are connected by a plurality of connecting conductors. 9. The antenna according to any one of appendices 1 to 8.

(Appendix 10)
A reflector made of a conductor;
The antenna with a reflector, wherein the line segment is substantially perpendicular to the reflector, and includes the antenna according to any one of appendix 1 to appendix 9 disposed at a distance from the reflector. .

(Appendix 11)
One end of each of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is connected to the outside of the first conductor including the vicinity of the first gap, and the other end of the conductor plate is connected to the reflector. The antenna with a reflector according to appendix 10, further comprising:

(Appendix 12)
A reflector made of a conductor;
In the antenna with a reflector including the antenna according to Supplementary Note 10, wherein the line segment is substantially perpendicular to the reflector and is spaced from the reflector.
One end of each of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is connected to the outside of the first conductor including the vicinity of the first gap, and the other end of the conductor plate is connected to the reflector. ,
An antenna with a reflector, further comprising a conductor plate having one end connected to the outside of the third conductor including the vicinity of the first gap and the other end connected to the reflector.

(Appendix 13)
In the first antenna element and the second antenna element, one end of an outer conductor is connected to the outside of the first conductor including the vicinity of the first gap, and the other end of the outer conductor is the reflector. The core wire is connected to the periphery of the hole that passes through the first conductor, and one end of the core wire is connected to the end of the second conductor not connected to the first conductor, and the other end of the core wire penetrates the inside of the hole. The antenna with a reflector according to appendix 10, wherein the antenna has a reflector.

(Appendix 14)
An array antenna comprising a plurality of antennas according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 9 or a plurality of antennas with reflectors according to any one of supplementary notes 10 to 13.

(Appendix 15)
A plurality of antennas with reflectors according to any one of appendices 10 to 13;
The array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the reflector is one reflector common to the plurality of antennas.

(Appendix 17)
It includes the antenna according to any one of supplementary notes 1 to 9, the antenna with a reflector according to any one of supplementary notes 10 to 13, or the array antenna according to any one of supplementary notes 14 to 15. Wireless communication device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Antenna 12 Array antenna 13 Wireless communication apparatus 14 Array antenna 20 Antenna 30 Antenna 31 Conductor plate 32 Spacer 51 Conductor intersection 51a Conductor intersection 51b Conductor intersection 52 Notch 52a Notch 52b Notch 53a Conductor via 53 Conductor via 53b Conductor via 54 Conductor Land 54a Conductor land 54b Conductor land 100 Antenna element 100a Antenna element 100b Antenna element 104 C-shaped conductor 104b C-shaped conductor 105 Conductor feed line 106 Conductor via 107 Feed section 107a Feed section 108 Dielectric layer 108a Dielectric layer 108b Dielectric Layer 109 Split part 109b Split part 110 Conductor part 111 Conductor part 112 Dielectric radome 113 Transmission line 115 Wireless communication circuit unit 116 Bridge Conductor 117 Conductor radiation portion 118 Auxiliary conductor pattern 119 Conductor via 120 C-shaped conductor 121 Conductor via 122 Split portion 123 Conductor plate 123a Conductor plate 123b Conductor plate 124 Conductor plate 125 Conductor via 126 Clearance 127 Connector 128 Core wire 129 External conductor 130 Coaxial cable 131 Core wire 132 External conductor 151 Conductor feed line 152 Conductor feed line 153 Conductor via 200 Antenna 201 First conductor 202 Second conductor 211 First antenna element 212 Second antenna element 213 Contact conductor 221 Third conductor 222 Second conductor 4 conductors

Claims (10)

A flat plate comprising an annular first conductor having a gap and a notch, and a second conductor having one end connected to the inside of the ring and the other end disposed with a first gap with respect to the inside of the ring A first antenna element having a shape, a contact conductor disposed in the notch,
A ring-shaped third conductor having a second gap bridged by the contact conductor and having a gap and a notch , one end connected to the inside of the ring, and the other end connected to the inside of the ring A flat second antenna element including a fourth conductor disposed with a gap of 3;
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first and second antenna elements are substantially orthogonal at a line segment included in a position of the cutout of the annular first conductor .   The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the contact conductor is formed of a conductor integral with the second antenna element. The first conductor is formed of a conductor foil pasted on one side of the dielectric substrate, the second conductor is formed of a conductor foil pasted on the other side of the dielectric substrate,
One end of the second conductor is electrically connected to the first conductor through a through hole,
The contact conductor is one in which conductor lands on both sides of the dielectric substrate are connected by through holes,
The dielectric substrates of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are provided with cuts, and the cuts of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are combined to fit the dielectric substrates together. And
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the notch is a part of a notch in the dielectric substrate. The first antenna element is formed by a conductive foil attached to a dielectric substrate,
The dielectric substrates of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are provided with notches, and the notches of the first antenna element and the second antenna element are combined to fit the dielectric substrates together. Together
The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the notch is a part of a notch in the dielectric substrate.   The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first conductor has a shape having a long side and a short side, and the line segment is substantially parallel to the short side.   The antenna according to claim 5, wherein the line segment is located at substantially the center of the longitudinal direction. A reflector made of a conductor;
The antenna with a reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the line segment is substantially perpendicular to the reflector, and is spaced from the reflector .   One end of each of the first antenna element and the second antenna element is connected to the outside of the first conductor including the vicinity of the first gap, and the other end of the conductor plate is connected to the reflector. The antenna with a reflector according to claim 7, further comprising each of the antennas.   An array antenna comprising a plurality of antennas according to claim 1 or a plurality of antennas with reflectors according to claim 8.   A radio communication apparatus comprising the antenna according to claim 1, the antenna with a reflector according to claim 8, or the array antenna according to claim 9.

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