CN118006711A - 腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶合成d-核糖-5-磷酸的方法 - Google Patents
腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶合成d-核糖-5-磷酸的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12Y204/00—Glycosyltransferases (2.4)
- C12Y204/02—Pentosyltransferases (2.4.2)
- C12Y204/02007—Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (2.4.2.7)
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Abstract
本发明提供腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶合成D‑核糖‑5‑磷酸的方法,以单磷酸腺苷为底物,经腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶催化体系将其水解生成D‑核糖‑5‑磷酸,所述催化体系由腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶组成。本发明中所述应用腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶作为催化剂合成D‑核糖‑5‑磷酸的方法,具有反应步骤简单、反应条件温和、催化速率高、环境友好、酶表达纯化简单等优点,在D‑核糖‑5‑磷酸及其相关产品的工业合成领域具有良好的应用开发前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物酶工程技术领域,具体涉及腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶合成D-核糖-5-磷酸的方法,是一种以腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶为催化剂,水解单磷酸腺苷,获得D-核糖-5-磷酸的方法。
背景技术
D-核糖-5-磷酸(Ribose 5-phosphate,R5P)是核酸和核苷酸的组成成分,是嘌呤核苷酸合成的原料。在生物代谢过程中,R5P既可由磷酸戊糖途径生成,也可通过糖分解代谢的中间产物6-磷酸果糖和3-磷酸甘油醛经基团转移反应的逆反应生成,但在人体主要是经前一过程生成。R5P是核糖磷酸途径中的中间产物,与糖代谢和能量产生密切相关。其参与核苷酸与多种辅酶的合成,如参与IMP(Inosine Monophosphate)、辅酶A与辅酶Q等的合成,以及作为嘌呤核苷酸降解途径的中间体。除此之外,R5P与NADPH(NicotinamideAdenine Dinucleotide Phosphate)一起参与抗氧化还原平衡,维持细胞内的氧化还原环境。在细胞信号传导过程中,R5P通过参与多种代谢途径,如PPP(糖异生途径)、核糖醇磷酸途径等,间接参与调节细胞信号传导网络,影响细胞的生长、分化和存活。基于R5P重要的生理学意义,R5P的合成在核酸药物生产、辅酶和生化产品合成过程中是至关重要的一环。目前R5P制备方法是通过生物提取或化学合成途径制备,但收率极低,无法大规模制备,导致R5P价格十分昂贵。与化学合成比较,生物酶法合成R5P具有高效环保的优势,无有机溶剂残留且不存在手性问题。核糖激酶可催化R5P合成,但无相关工业应用报道,且受其底物ATP价格较高、酶分子量较大等因素的限制,可用于合成R5P的新型高效生物催化剂仍亟待开发。
腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase,APRT),属于6-氧代嘌呤磷酸核糖基转移酶(PRTase)家族,目前报道的生物学功能为催化腺嘌呤与5-磷酸核糖-1-焦磷酸(PRPP)缩合生成腺嘌呤核苷单磷酸(AMP),是腺嘌呤补救合成途径关键酶。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶合成D-核糖-5-磷酸(R5P)的方法,以AMP为底物,经酶催化体系催化获得R5P,所述酶催化体系由腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶组成。
具体步骤为:以腺嘌呤核苷单磷酸(AMP)为原料,通过酶催化体系中的腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的催化下,水解获得R5P,反应式如下:
具体的,腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶来源于大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli(strainK12)),编码该腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的核苷酸序列来源于GenBank,编号为M14040.1,经密码子优化后,如序列表中EcAPRT-DNA(SEQ.No.1)所示。
具体的,腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的氨基酸序列如序列表中EcAPRT-AA(SEQ.No.2)所示。
如本领域技术人员所知,本发明的腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶基因的核苷酸序列也可以是编码序列表中EcAPRT-AA(SEQ.No.2)所示的氨基酸序列的其他任何核苷酸序列。
任何对EcAPRT-DNA所示核苷酸序列进行一个或多个核苷酸的取代、确实或插入处理获得的核苷酸序列,只要其与核苷酸具有90%以上的同源性,均属于本发明的保护范围。
任何对EcAPRT-AA所示氨基酸序列中氨基酸经过缺失、插入或替换一个或几个氨基酸且具有NMN合成活性的,仍属于本发明的保护范围。
对于腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶,任何其他来源的同工酶具有R5P合成活性的,均属于本发明的保护范围。
作为优选,催化体系中,所述腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的添加量为0.1-5.0mg/ml。
催化体系中,底物AMP的添加量为0.5-30mM。
作为优选,酶催化体系中,反应温度为25-40℃,反应时间为3-20h;更优选,温度为30~37℃,时间为4-14h。
作为优选,控制反应的pH值为6~9,采用氢氧化钠来控制pH的下降,采用甲酸来控制pH的上升。
本发明应用腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶作为催化剂水解单磷酸腺苷(Adenosinemonophosphate,AMP)获得R5P,具有酶催化剂易制备、可操作性强、反应步骤简单、底物单一、转化效率高、无需辅因子等优势。
本发明的有益效果主要体现在:提供了一种以腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶作为生物催化剂通过催化AMP水解获得NMN的方法,目前尚未见报道;本发明中所述的腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶分子量小,易纯化,大肠杆菌异源表达量可达到15mg/升培养基,可用镍亲和层析一步纯化获得纯度95%以上的游离酶,同时在pH值接近中性、常温下进行反应,无需过渡金属及有机溶剂参与反应,无需金属离子作为辅因子,因此具有催化反应速率高、异源表达量高、易于纯化等特点,同时也具备反应条件温和、环境友好等生物催化的优势,具有良好的工业化应用开发前景。
附图说明
图1为纯化后腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶SDS-PAGE图。
图2为AMP空白对照液质联用色谱图(A.TIC离子流图;B.XIC提取AMP-m/z=346峰图;C.AMP质谱图)。
图3为腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶催化体系反应6.0h后液质联用色谱图(A.Q1-Scan模式XIC提取R5P-m/z=228.9;B.MRM模式提取R5P离子对-228.9/97.0与228.9/78.9)。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例,对本发明做进一步说明。应理解,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而非用于限制本发明的范围。
本发明中的实验方法如无特别说明均为常规方法。
本发明中质粒提取试剂盒购自天根生化科技(北京)有限公司;E.coli DH5α、E.coli BL21(DE3)等购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司;预染蛋白Maker购于苏州新赛美生物科技有限公司。
本发明中所使用的常用试剂,包括底物购自阿拉丁化学试剂有限公司、上海源叶生物科技有限公司、国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
实施例1腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的表达
编码大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli(strain K12))腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶基因(GenBank:M14040.1)序列经密码子优化后(序列如SEQ ID NO.1),由生工生物工程(上海)有限公司全合成后连入pET-28a(+)载体,构建为EcAPRT-pET-28a(+)质粒,并测序验证序列后,热击转化到E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,获得腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶表达工程菌,由含有50μg/ml卡那霉素的LB平板培养基上挑取单菌落,接种至含有50μg/ml卡那霉素的LB液体培养基,于37℃摇床200rpm振荡培养12h后,转接至3L液体LB培养基中扩大培养,于37℃摇床200rpm继续振荡培养8h,当培养液的光密度OD600达到0.6时,将温度降低至23℃,加入终浓度为0.5mM的IPTG溶液用于诱导表达16h,将培养液8000rpm离心10min,弃去上清培养液,菌体-20℃保存备用。
实施例2腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的纯化
腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶表达工程菌体3g重悬于20ml裂解液(10mM咪唑,50mMTris-HCl,500mM NaCl,10%甘油,1%吐温-20pH 8.0)。振荡摇匀后加入溶菌酶(1mg/ml),冰浴40min后,置超声波破碎3次,3min/次,每次间隔15min,14000rpm离心15min,所得上清液即为粗酶液。以Ni-IDA蛋白纯化磁珠为纯化材料,单次使用体积为5ml 10%磁珠悬液,10ml裂解液平衡Ni-IDA磁珠,进行磁性分离后加入粗酶液,在4℃下进行混合孵育1h,用裂解液(50mM咪唑,50mM Tris-HCl,500mM NaCl,10%甘油,1%吐温-20pH 8.0)洗脱去除未吸附的蛋白,最后用洗脱缓冲液(500mM咪唑,50mM Tris-HCl,500mM NaCl,10%甘油,1%吐温-20pH 8.0)洗脱收集目标蛋白,用5L Kpi缓冲液(50mM KH2PO4,50mM K2HPO4,pH 7.4)透析目标蛋白,去除盐及咪唑,SDS-PAGE分析结果显示,腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶纯化后收率可达到10mg/升培养基,纯度在95%以上(图1)。
实施例3腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶合成R5P
将实施例2中所得腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶按照浓度1.0mg/ml的添加量加入到反应体系中,以50mM pH 7.4Kpi为缓冲液,再分别加入终浓度为0.8mM的AMP于37℃恒温振荡(666rpm)反应6.0h后,加等体积甲醇终止反应,反应液经14000rpm,15min离心后,使用离心蒸发仪处理蛋白质反应样品上清,并复溶于200μL的7:3乙腈:10mM甲酸铵水溶液,使用液相-质谱联用(LC-MS)法对底物和产物量进行分析。LC-MS分析法为:AB SCIEX TripleQuadTM 5500+液质联用仪与岛津LC-40D超高效液相系统,色谱柱AgilentPoroshell120HILIC Z(2.7μm,2.1mm×100mm),以水(0.2%甲酸,10mM甲酸铵)为流动相A,乙腈为流动相B,线性梯度洗脱,洗脱程序为:0min 90%B;14min 60%B;16min 30%B;17min 90%B;20min 90%B。流速为0.3ml/min;柱温为25℃。质谱条件为:负离子扫描模式;扫描范围:m/z 100-1000;雾化气(GS1):55psi;雾化气(GS2):55psi;气帘气(CUR):35psi;离子源温度(TEM):550℃(负);离子源电压(IS):-4500V(负);通过MRM模式对R5P进行定量,R5P MRM模式质谱条件见表1。以R5P标准品浓度曲线计算腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶催化生成R5P的收率。经计算,产率可达到51.3%。上述相应的液相-质谱联用色谱图见附图2和图3。
表1R5P MRM模式质谱条件
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (7)
1.一种腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶合成D-核糖-5-磷酸的方法,其特征在于,以单磷酸腺苷为底物,经酶催化体系催化获得D-核糖-5-磷酸,所述酶催化体系由腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,通过以下步骤实现:以单磷酸腺苷为原料,在酶催化体系中的腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的催化下,将底物水解得到D-核糖-5-磷酸,反应式如下:
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶来源于大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli(strain K12)),编码腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的核苷酸序列如SEQ.No.1所示,其氨基酸序列如SEQ.No.2所示。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述酶催化体系包括腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶与底物单磷酸腺苷,所述酶催化体系中腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶经纯化后为游离纯酶。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,酶催化体系中,所述腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶的添加量为0.1~5.0mg/ml。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,酶催化体系中,底物单磷酸腺苷的添加量为0.5-30mM。反应温度为25-40℃,反应时间为3-20h。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,控制反应的pH值为6~9。
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