CN118002813A - Groove machining turning blade and groove cutter thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a groove machining turning blade and a groove cutter thereof, comprising a front surface, a rear surface, a left side surface, a right side surface, an upper surface and a lower surface, wherein the front surface is provided with a cutting edge, the upper surface is provided with a first positioning groove, the lower surface is provided with a second positioning groove, and the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove both follow: one end extends to be close to the front face, and the other end extends to be close to the rear face; the lower surface is also provided with at least one group of positioning groove groups, each positioning groove group comprises a third positioning groove with an end part extending to be close to or penetrating through the left side surface and a fourth positioning groove with an end part extending to be close to or penetrating through the right side surface, the direction of the turning insert from the left side surface to the right side surface is defined to be transverse, the projection directions of the bottoms of the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove on the lower surface are transverse, and the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove are communicated with the second positioning groove. The turning blade can effectively prevent the turning blade from longitudinally flying out, and can realize a stable and high-precision transverse cutting function.

Description

Groove machining turning blade and groove cutter thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutter design, in particular to a groove machining turning blade and a groove cutter thereof.

Background

In metal cutting, a tool for turning operations such as grooving and profiling is a grooving tool, which is typically a small-width tool, and generally, the tool is composed of a blade and a cutter body, and the cutting tool is usually composed of a complete cutting tool by positioning the top and bottom V-grooves of the blade in the left-right direction and positioning the rear surface of the cutting edge in the front-rear direction.

For example, patent publication CN102149495B discloses a cutting tool and a cutting insert therefor, which is a slotting cutter. The cutting insert has a cutting portion adjacent to the longitudinally extending shaft portion and a recess in a lower insert surface. The cutting insert includes: an upper insert surface, a lower insert surface, and a peripheral side surface extending therebetween; at least one cutting portion adjacent to the longitudinally extending shaft portion; a groove in the lower insert surface adjacent to and extending into the at least one cutting portion, the groove having a forward groove abutment surface inclined at the first angle relative to a lower edge of the shaft portion and a rear groove abutment surface inclined at the second angle relative to a lower edge of the shaft portion, wherein the first angle is greater than the second angle; a lower abutment surface in the form of a longitudinal groove extending along the shaft portion in the lower insert surface; and an upper abutment surface extending along the shaft portion in the upper insert surface in the form of a longitudinal slot; wherein at least a front portion of the upper jaw lower surface abuts an upper abutment surface of the upper insert surface, the front lobe front abutment surface abuts the front recess abutment surface, the front lobe rear abutment surface abuts the rear recess abutment surface, and the rear lobe abutment surface abuts the lower abutment surface.

During cutting machining, cutting forces are typically conducted by the cutting edge of the cutting insert to the cutter body. The cutting insert of the above patent is mounted in a pocket in the insert body and is positioned by a shaft portion on the upper insert surface of the cutting insert and a recess in the lower insert surface, which recess provides support for the cutting insert from below, allowing the insert to function stably during cutting. However, in some machining operations, the lateral component of the cutting force often causes lateral displacement of the cutting insert relative to the cutter body, resulting in reduced cutting accuracy; the cutting insert of the above patent has the drawbacks that the relevant slot designs at the top and bottom of the cutting insert are formed by smooth planes, and are attached to the upper and lower jaws of the cutter body and clamped by screw locking. In some cutting processes, for example, when a workpiece is transversely processed, the grooves on the surface of the lower cutter are formed by a plurality of smooth curved surfaces, so that the cutter generates a large torsion force due to centrifugal force during transverse processing, and under the working condition of high-linear-speed cutting, the cutter flies out of the notch of the cutter, and in addition, because of the torsion force, the cutter continuously vibrates during transverse cutting, so that high cutting precision cannot be achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a groove machining turning insert which is stable to machine and can realize transverse cutting aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:

The utility model provides a slot machining turning insert, includes preceding, back, left surface, right flank, upper surface and lower surface, the preceding cutting edge that is equipped with, the upper surface is equipped with first positioning groove, the lower surface is equipped with the second positioning groove, first positioning groove and second positioning groove all follow: one end extends to be close to the front face, and the other end extends to be close to the rear face; the lower surface is further provided with at least one group of positioning groove groups, each positioning groove group comprises a third positioning groove with an end part extending to be close to or penetrating through the left side surface and a fourth positioning groove with an end part extending to be close to or penetrating through the right side surface, the direction of the turning insert from the left side surface to the right side surface is defined to be transverse, the projection directions of the groove bottoms of the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove on the lower surface are transverse, and the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove are communicated with the second positioning groove; the upper and lower surfaces are respectively a pressing surface and a locating surface when the turning insert is mounted to a tool holder.

Further, projection of bottoms of the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove on the lower surface are coaxially arranged.

Further, the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove have the same structure.

Further, the third positioning groove and/or the fourth positioning groove is a cylindrical surface groove.

Further, the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove are communicated with the second positioning groove.

Further, the first positioning groove and/or the second positioning groove are/is V-shaped grooves.

Further, the groove type angle of the V-shaped groove is 90-160 degrees.

Further, the rear face is provided with a cutting edge, and the rear face and the front face have the same structure.

Furthermore, the rear corners of the front and rear are respectively provided with a positioning structure, the cutter bar is provided with an abutting structure matched with the positioning structure, and the positioning structure is used for longitudinally positioning the turning insert.

The invention also provides a grooving insert provided with a grooving turning insert as described above.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

According to the turning blade, the second positioning groove and the positioning groove group are formed in the lower surface, the second positioning groove, the positioning groove group and the cutter bar are matched to respectively perform positioning restriction in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the turning blade, meanwhile, the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove of the positioning groove group are respectively communicated with the second positioning groove, so that a plurality of groove surfaces which further restrict torsional vibration of the turning blade can be formed, on one hand, the turning blade is effectively prevented from longitudinally flying out in various machining occasions, and on the other hand, a stable and high-precision transverse cutting function of the turning blade is provided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a turning insert according to example 1;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the turning insert of example 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the turning insert of example 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the turning insert of example 1;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of a cutter bar according to embodiment 1;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the slotter knife according to embodiment 1.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the present solution, the following detailed description will explain the present solution by means of specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a grooving tool including a tool shank 2 and a grooving turning insert 1 as shown in fig. 1 mounted on the tool shank, the turning insert 1 (hereinafter referred to as an insert) being of an overall elongated shape, including a front face 11, a rear face 12, a left side face 13, a right side face 14, an upper face 15 and a lower face 16, the upper face 15 and the lower face 16 being a pressing face and a positioning face, respectively, when the insert 1 is mounted on the tool shank 2; wherein the front face 11 is provided with cutting edges, the upper face 15, the lower face 16, the left side face 13 and the right side face 14 are connected with the rear face 12, the front face 11 and the rear face 12 are of symmetrical structure, namely the rear face is also provided with cutting edges, and the insert is an indexable insert.

As shown in fig. 1,3 and 4, the upper surface 15 of the insert is provided with a first positioning groove 151 and the lower surface 16 is provided with a second positioning groove 161, both the first positioning groove 151 and the second positioning groove 161 follow: one end extends to near the front face 11 and the other end extends to near the rear face 12; in addition, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the lower surface 16 is further provided with at least one set of positioning groove groups 17, and this embodiment is designed for indexable insert, and two sets of positioning groove groups 17 are provided, which are uniformly distributed on the insert 1 and respectively correspond to the front and rear of the insert, i.e., one set of positioning groove groups is used for positioning when the front of the insert is used as a processing edge, and the other set of positioning groove groups is used for positioning when the rear of the insert is used as a processing edge after the insert is indexable; referring to fig. 4, the positioning groove group 17 includes a third positioning groove 171 whose end portion extends to be close to or through the left side face 13 and a fourth positioning groove 172 whose end portion extends to be close to or through the right side face 14, if the direction defining the insert from the left side face to the right side face is lateral, the directions of projection of the bottoms of the grooves of the third positioning groove 171 and the fourth positioning groove 172 on the lower surface are set to be lateral, and both the third positioning groove 171 and the fourth positioning groove 172 communicate with the second positioning groove 161. The cutter bar corresponds the position of first positioning groove, the second positioning groove, third positioning groove and fourth positioning groove on the blade and is equipped with the arch with each recess looks adaptation respectively, when blade 1 clamping is to cutter bar 2, the groove that is formed by first positioning groove 151 and second positioning groove 161 carries out the longitudinal positioning along its length direction to blade 1, the groove that is formed by third positioning groove 171 and fourth positioning groove 172 carries out horizontal location to blade 1, thereby the omnidirectional stable location blade, make blade 1 both can longitudinal feed smoothly, also can transversely cut safely, effectively avoid taking place the danger that breaks away from the cutter bar departure in the high-speed cutting process, simultaneously can also show the machining precision of promotion blade to the work piece when transversely cutting.

In order to simplify the processing of the insert itself, it is preferable that, as shown in fig. 4, projections of the bottoms of the third positioning groove 171 and the fourth positioning groove 172 on the lower surface be set to be coaxial, and that the two grooves penetrate the left side surface 13 and the right side surface 14 of the insert.

The groove type structure of each groove can be selected in various ways, the groove types such as regular cone shapes and rectangular shapes can meet the requirements, or the irregular curved surfaces and polygonal shapes can also meet the requirements, and especially the groove types of the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove can meet the requirements by linear contact with the cutter bar in the transverse direction; in order to further ensure that the stress of the corresponding groove surfaces is uniform in the clamping and cutting process of the blade, the groove structures of the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are preferably set identically, and the groove structures of the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove are preferably set identically. In this embodiment, the first positioning groove and the second positioning groove are V-shaped grooves, the groove angles of the V-shaped grooves are 90 ° to 160 °, and the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove are cylindrical surface grooves as shown in fig. 4.

Because the blade itself can have machining errors during machining and manufacturing, for example, the relative dimensional errors of the front and the back of the blade can lead to the whole length of the blade to be different, and when the blade is clamped on the cutter bar, the front or the back of the blade is required to be abutted against the clamping part of the cutter bar, when the cutter bar is used for replacing the blade, the blade can interfere with the cutter bar due to the problem that the blade length is slightly longer or slightly shorter, and finally the blade clamping is unstable, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the positioning structures 18 can be respectively arranged at the rear corners of the front 11 and the back 12 of the blade, and meanwhile, the abutting structures 21 matched with the positioning structures are arranged on the cutter bar 2, so that the longitudinal auxiliary positioning of the blade 1 is carried out through the positioning structures 18, and the clamping interference risk caused by the manufacturing errors of the blade per se is avoided. Specifically, the positioning structure 18 is a positioning groove formed in the front and the rear, and the positioning groove is only required to meet the requirement of abutting and positioning of the blade.

The structure of the cutter bar of the slotting cutter of this embodiment is described below: the cutter bar 2 is an adjustable cutter bar, as shown in fig. 5, and comprises a cutter head 22 and a pressing block 23, wherein the pressing block 23 and the cutter head 22 are in split type design, the pressing block 23 is hinged on the cutter head 22, a clamping surface for supporting the cutter blade 1 is arranged on the cutter head 22, the clamping surface is attached to the lower surface 16 of the cutter blade, a supporting positioning protrusion 24 (the protrusion is mentioned when the cutter blade structure is described), which is embedded in a second positioning groove 161 of the cutter blade, is arranged on the clamping surface, a pressing surface for pressing the cutter blade 1 is arranged on the pressing block 23, the pressing surface is attached to the upper surface 15 of the cutter blade, a pressing positioning protrusion (not shown) embedded in the first positioning groove 151 of the cutter blade is arranged on the pressing surface, a cutter blade clamping groove 25 is formed between the clamping surface and the pressing surface, and the opening size of the cutter blade clamping groove 25 can be changed by rotating the pressing block 23 around a hinge point so as to adapt to the clamping of cutter blades with different thicknesses under the condition that the cutter blade 1 has different thicknesses due to machining errors. The thickness dimension of the press block 23 can be appropriately designed to be larger according to the actual situation of the slotting cutter, so as to increase the structural strength of the press block.

The pressing block 23 and the tool bit portion 22 may be hinged in various manners, in this embodiment, the pressing block is provided with a hinge end 231, a rotating shaft 232 is arranged on the hinge end, a hole is formed in the tool bit portion 22 for the rotating shaft 232 to be inserted, at this time, the pressing block 23 can be manually lifted or pressed down to realize rotation of the pressing block, and a hard hinge manner is preferably adopted for hinge, so that the pressing block 23 can be ensured to be capable of stably pressing the blade 1 under the condition of not using external force.

When the slotting cutter is processed, the stress of the blade 1 is larger, in order to further ensure the stable compression of the blade, the cutter bar 2 further comprises a compression structure 26 which is arranged on the pressing block and applies pressure to the pressing block to compress the blade, the compression structure 26 is preferably a screw, the pressing block 23 is provided with a hole for the screw to penetrate, and the cutter head 22 is provided with a threaded hole for the screw to screw in. The arrangement of the screw on the cutter bar is the same as the design of arranging the screw on the traditional integrally formed cutter bar to compress the blade.

The cutter bar can effectively avoid the problems of deformation, elastic failure or fracture and the like when the cutter bar clamps the blade by adopting the briquetting type design, truly stabilizes the clamping and positioning blade, ensures the processing precision, and can also adapt to the thickness dimension of the blade by flexibly adjusting the briquetting angle, thereby having strong universality.

The supporting and positioning protrusions 24 and the compacting and positioning protrusions on the cutter bar are arranged along the length direction parallel to the cutter bar, the clamping surface is also provided with positioning protrusion groups 27 (generally only one group of positioning protrusion groups are arranged) corresponding to the positioning groove groups 17 on the cutter bar, each positioning protrusion group comprises a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion distributed along the width direction of the cutter bar, the first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion are correspondingly matched with the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove on the cutter bar, projections of the tops of the first positioning protrusions and the tops of the second positioning protrusions on the clamping surface are coaxially arranged, namely, the first positioning protrusions and the second positioning protrusions are mutually connected and respectively extend to two sides penetrating through the clamping surface, each supporting and positioning protrusion and each compacting positioning protrusion are V-shaped protrusions matched with the V-shaped groove on the cutter bar, and each first positioning protrusion and each second positioning protrusion is a cylindrical surface protrusion matched with the cylindrical surface groove on the cutter bar.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic structure of the blade mounted on the cutter bar, and the abutting structure 21 on the cutter head is disposed at the bottom of the blade clamping groove 25, the abutting structure 21 is specifically a convex part embedded in the positioning groove, and the clearance surface 28 is disposed around the convex part.

Example 2

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove on the blade are V-shaped grooves.

Example 3

This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove on the blade are arranged in a transverse direction of the blade in a non-coaxial mode, namely, the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove are arranged in a staggered mode.

It is apparent that the above examples are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a slot machining turning insert, its characterized in that, including preceding, back, left surface, right flank, upper surface and lower surface, the preceding cutting edge that is equipped with, the upper surface is equipped with first positioning groove, the lower surface is equipped with the second positioning groove, first positioning groove and second positioning groove all follow: one end extends to be close to the front face, and the other end extends to be close to the rear face; the lower surface is further provided with at least one group of positioning groove groups, each positioning groove group comprises a third positioning groove with an end part extending to be close to or penetrating through the left side surface and a fourth positioning groove with an end part extending to be close to or penetrating through the right side surface, the direction of the turning insert from the left side surface to the right side surface is defined to be transverse, and the projection directions of the groove bottoms of the third positioning groove and the fourth positioning groove on the lower surface are transverse; the upper and lower surfaces are respectively a pressing surface and a locating surface when the turning insert is mounted to a tool holder.

2. The grooving turning insert of claim 1, wherein the projection of the bottoms of the third and fourth locating grooves onto the lower surface is coaxially disposed.

3. The grooving turning insert of claim 1, wherein the third detent groove and the fourth detent groove are identical in structure.

4. The grooving turning insert of claim 1, wherein the third detent groove and/or the fourth detent groove is a cylindrical surface groove.

5. The grooving turning insert of claim 1, wherein the third locating recess and the fourth locating recess are each in communication with the second locating recess.

6. The grooving turning insert of claim 1, wherein the first and/or second locating groove is a V-groove.

7. The grooving turning insert of claim 6, wherein the groove angle of the V-groove is from 90 ° to 160 °.

8. The grooving turning insert of claim 1, wherein the rear face is provided with a cutting edge and the rear face and the front face are identical in configuration.

9. The grooving turning insert of claim 1 or 8, wherein the rear corners of the front and rear faces are provided with locating structures, respectively, and the tool shank is provided with an abutment structure adapted to the locating structures for longitudinally locating the turning insert.

10. A grooving insert, characterized in that it is provided with a grooving turning insert according to any one of claims 1 to 9.