CN118001644A - Battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device and protection method - Google Patents
Battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device and protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118001644A CN118001644A CN202410299993.0A CN202410299993A CN118001644A CN 118001644 A CN118001644 A CN 118001644A CN 202410299993 A CN202410299993 A CN 202410299993A CN 118001644 A CN118001644 A CN 118001644A
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- thermal runaway
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- pipe network
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device and a protection method, wherein the battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device comprises a shell and a battery arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with a double pipe network mechanism for inhibiting the spread of a battery pack fire disaster, the double pipe network mechanism comprises a detection control thermal runaway inhibition pipe network and a fire detection pipe thermal runaway inhibition pipe network, and the detection control thermal runaway inhibition pipe network and the fire detection pipe thermal runaway inhibition pipe network are both arranged in a cavity of the shell. The invention has simple structure, and can effectively inhibit the further spread of the fire disaster of the battery pack by adopting the protection method of double pipe network double protection of the detection control thermal runaway inhibition pipe network and the fire detection pipe thermal runaway inhibition pipe network, so that the follow-up response of a single pipe network system can not be made, and the safety of facilities and personnel under extreme conditions can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery pack fire protection, in particular to a battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device and a protection method.
Background
With the rapid development and popularization of energy storage devices, lithium ion batteries are widely used due to their advantages of high energy density, long life and the like. However, the battery pack may undergo thermal runaway under adverse conditions such as overcharge, overdischarge, internal short circuit or external impact, that is, the internal temperature and pressure of the battery rise out of control, resulting in structural damage, fire or even explosion of the battery, seriously threatening the safety of equipment and users.
Currently, the protection against thermal runaway of battery packs is mainly based on a fire protection scheme of a single pipe network system by arranging a fire protection pipe network around the battery packs and spraying fire extinguishing agent when signs of thermal runaway are detected. However, there are significant limitations to such single pipe network systems. When thermal runaway of the battery fails to be effectively inhibited in the early stage, the single pipe network system cannot respond later for the thermal runaway event that has progressed to the open flame stage because the system has completed responding.
In view of these limitations in the prior art, the present invention proposes a thermal runaway suppression device and protection method for a battery pack. The system adopts a double pipe network double protection strategy, so that abnormality can be detected when the battery safety valve is opened, fire extinguishing agent can be timely sprayed through the thermal runaway inhibition pipe network to inhibit thermal runaway, and when open fire occurs, the open fire can be timely extinguished through the fire detection pipe thermal runaway inhibition pipe network. The dual pipe network design greatly improves the protection efficiency and effect on the thermal runaway of the battery, and provides more comprehensive and more effective safety guarantee for the battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermal runaway suppression device and a protection method for a battery pack battery, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a battery package battery thermal runaway suppression device, includes the casing and arranges the battery in its inside, the double pipe network mechanism that suppresses battery package conflagration and spread is installed to the casing, double pipe network mechanism is including detecting control thermal runaway suppression pipe network and fire detection pipe thermal runaway suppression pipe network, detect control thermal runaway suppression pipe network and fire detection pipe thermal runaway suppression pipe network all locate the cavity inside of casing.
As a further scheme of the invention: the detection control thermal runaway inhibition pipe network comprises at least one fire extinguishing unit A and a pipeline connected with the fire extinguishing unit A, wherein a nozzle is arranged at one end of the pipeline away from the fire extinguishing unit A, an electric control valve is arranged on the pipeline and positioned between the fire extinguishing unit A and the nozzle, the electric control valve is connected with a controller, and the controller is connected with a detector.
As a further scheme of the invention: the fire detection pipe thermal runaway inhibition pipe network comprises at least one fire extinguishing component B and a fire detection pipe connected with the fire extinguishing component B, and a pressure feedback device is arranged at one end of the fire detection pipe far away from the fire extinguishing component B.
As a further scheme of the invention: the fire extinguishing unit A is internally provided with a cooling agent or a fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing unit B is internally provided with a fire extinguishing agent.
As a further scheme of the invention: the end of the fire detecting pipe is communicated with the fire extinguishing component B, and the fire detecting pipe is arranged on the surface of the battery.
As a further scheme of the invention: the number of the batteries is multiple, and the batteries are uniformly distributed in the shell.
A protection method of a thermal runaway suppression device of a battery pack battery, comprising the following steps:
S1: the detector monitors environmental data in the shell in real time and transmits the data to the controller;
S2: the controller judges whether to open the electric control valve and spray the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent by the fire extinguishing component A according to the threshold value set by the environmental data;
S3: when the battery generates thermal runaway to generate open fire, the fire detecting tube is softened and forms a spraying opening through the internal and external pressure difference, and the fire extinguishing component B sprays fire extinguishing agent through the spraying opening to extinguish fire;
S4: the pressure feedback device transmits an alarm signal to the battery pack BMS or the fire control system after the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed.
As a further scheme of the invention: the detector monitors temperature, smoke, combustible gas concentration, VOC concentration and electrolyte vapor concentration within the housing.
As a further scheme of the invention: the step S2 comprises the following steps:
S2.1: the environmental data received by the controller exceeds a set threshold value, and the electric control valve opens the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed out by the nozzle through the fire extinguishing unit A and the pipeline;
S2.2: the environmental data received by the controller does not exceed the set threshold value, and the electric control valve closes the fire extinguishing component A and the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent in the pipeline and cannot be sprayed out by the nozzle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. When the thermal runaway of the battery in the battery pack occurs through the detection control thermal runaway inhibition pipe network, the fire spread of the battery can be timely inhibited, the open fire in the battery pack is avoided, the serious damage problem in the battery pack is caused, and the protection of the battery pack in the case of fire is improved.
2. Through the setting of fire detection pipe thermal runaway suppression pipe network, when appearing open fire in the battery package, the vigorous department temperature of flame is high, and fire detection pipe softens and forms and spouts the mouth, makes things convenient for extinguishing the fire to accurately put out a fire to the district of catching fire to reach better protectiveness.
3. The dual pipe network double protection of the thermal runaway inhibition pipe network and the fire detection pipe thermal runaway inhibition pipe network is adopted, so that further spread of a battery pack fire can be effectively inhibited, the situation that a single pipe network system cannot make subsequent response is avoided, and safety of facilities and personnel under extreme conditions is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a thermal runaway suppression device for a battery cell of a battery pack according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal runaway control network for probing control according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fire detection tube thermal runaway suppression network according to the present invention;
In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a battery; 3. detecting and controlling a thermal runaway inhibition pipe network; 301. a fire extinguishing member A; 302. a pipeline; 303. a detector; 304. a controller; 305. an electric control valve; 306. a nozzle; 4. a fire detection pipe thermal runaway inhibition pipe network; 401. a fire extinguishing member B; 402. a fire detection tube; 403. and a pressure feedback device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
According to the invention, two thermal runaway inhibition pipe networks are adopted to act on the inside of the battery pack, and double pipe network double protection is adopted, so that the situation that the thermal runaway occurs in the initial stage of the battery in the battery pack can be effectively inhibited, the rapid fire extinguishing can be realized after the open fire occurs, and an alarm signal can be transmitted to the battery pack BMS or a fire control system, thereby greatly improving the safety of the battery pack.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a battery pack thermal runaway suppression device includes a housing 1 and a plurality of batteries 2 disposed therein, the plurality of batteries 2 are uniformly distributed in the housing 1, the number of the batteries 2 is not limited, in this embodiment, preferably, the number of the batteries 2 is six, the housing 1 is provided with a dual pipe network mechanism for suppressing the spread of a battery pack fire, the dual pipe network mechanism includes a detection control thermal runaway suppression pipe network 3 and a fire detection pipe thermal runaway suppression pipe network 4, and the detection control thermal runaway suppression pipe network 3 and the fire detection pipe thermal runaway suppression pipe network 4 are both disposed in a cavity of the housing 1.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, when the environmental data is abnormal and exceeds a set threshold value, the thermal runaway suppression pipe network 3 is detected and controlled to start, and in this embodiment, preferably, the thermal runaway suppression pipe network 3 includes at least one fire extinguishing unit a301, a pipeline 302 connected to the fire extinguishing unit a301, a nozzle 306 is disposed at an end of the pipeline 302 away from the fire extinguishing unit a301, an electric control valve 305 is installed on the pipeline 302, and the electric control valve 305 is located between the fire extinguishing unit a301 and the nozzle 306, the electric control valve 305 controls whether the fire extinguishing agent in the pipeline 302 is sprayed or not, the electric control valve 305 is connected to a controller 304, and the controller 304 is connected to the detector 303.
Specifically, the detector 303 may monitor environmental data such as temperature, smoke, combustible gas concentration, VOC concentration, and electrolyte vapor concentration in the housing 1 and transmit the data to the controller 304, and the controller 304 may determine whether to open the electric control valve 305 according to a threshold set by the environmental data, when the environmental data exceeds the threshold, the controller 304 immediately opens the electric control valve 305 to spray fire extinguishing agent to inhibit thermal runaway of the battery 2, and the controller 304 may simultaneously send an alarm signal to the battery pack BMS or the fire control system.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, in order to extinguish a fire in time when an open fire occurs in the battery pack, in this embodiment, preferably, the fire detecting tube thermal runaway suppressing pipe network 4 includes at least one fire extinguishing unit B401, a fire detecting tube 402 connected to the fire extinguishing unit B401, a fire extinguishing agent is placed in the fire detecting tube 402, a pressure feedback device 403 is installed at one end of the fire detecting tube 402 away from the fire extinguishing unit B401, an end of the fire detecting tube 402 is communicated with the fire extinguishing unit B401, and the fire detecting tube 402 is disposed on the surface of the battery 2.
Specifically, when the battery 2 generates open fire due to thermal runaway, the portion of the fire detecting tube 402, which is the highest from the temperature, will soften and form a spraying opening through the internal and external pressure difference, the fire extinguishing unit B401 sprays all fire extinguishing agents to the thermal runaway battery pack through the spraying opening so as to achieve the purpose of extinguishing fire, and the pressure feedback device 403 will transmit an alarm signal to the battery pack BMS or the fire control system after the agents are sprayed, so that the safety of the battery pack is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in one embodiment, in order to sufficiently suppress flame spread in the battery pack, in this embodiment, preferably, a cooling agent or a fire extinguishing agent is disposed in the fire extinguishing unit a301, and a fire extinguishing agent is disposed in the fire extinguishing unit B401, and further, the fire extinguishing units a301 and B401 can rapidly extinguish a fire in the battery pack sequentially or simultaneously.
A protection method of a thermal runaway suppression device of a battery pack battery, comprising the following steps:
s1: the detector 303 monitors environmental data such as temperature, smoke, combustible gas concentration, VOC concentration, electrolyte vapor concentration and the like in the shell 1 in real time and transmits the data to the controller 304;
S2: the controller 304 judges whether to open the electric control valve 305 and spray the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent by the fire extinguishing unit a301 according to the threshold value set by the environmental data;
s2.1: the environmental data received by the controller 304 exceeds a set threshold, and the electric control valve 305 opens the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed out from the nozzle 306 through the fire extinguishing unit A301 and the pipeline 302;
S2.2: the environmental data received by the controller 304 does not exceed the set threshold, and the electrically controlled valve 305 closes the extinguishing unit a301 and the cooling agent or extinguishing agent in the pipeline 302, and cannot be sprayed out from the nozzle 306.
S3: when the battery 2 generates thermal runaway to generate open fire, the fire detecting tube 402 is softened and forms a spraying opening through the internal and external pressure difference, and the fire extinguishing unit B401 sprays fire extinguishing agent through the spraying opening to extinguish fire;
S4: the pressure feedback device 403 transmits an alarm signal to the battery pack BMS or the fire control system after the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed.
The working principle and the using flow of the invention are as follows: when environmental data is abnormal and exceeds a set threshold value due to thermal runaway in the battery pack, the thermal runaway suppression pipe network 3 is detected and controlled to start to spray fire extinguishing agent, so that early thermal runaway suppression is realized; when open fire appears in the battery pack, the fire detecting pipe thermal runaway restraining pipe network 4 starts to spray fire extinguishing agent, and the aim of timely fire extinguishing is achieved.
Although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is described in terms of a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and one skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described in the disclosure as a whole may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Therefore, the above description is not intended to limit the scope of the application; all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a battery package battery thermal runaway suppression device, includes casing (1) and arranges in its inside battery (2), its characterized in that, double pipe network mechanism that suppresses battery package conflagration and spread is installed to casing (1), double pipe network mechanism is including detecting control thermal runaway suppression pipe network (3) and fire detection pipe thermal runaway suppression pipe network (4), detect control thermal runaway suppression pipe network (3) and fire detection pipe thermal runaway suppression pipe network (4) all locate the cavity inside of casing (1).
2. The battery pack battery thermal runaway suppression device according to claim 1, wherein the detection control thermal runaway suppression pipe network (3) comprises at least one fire extinguishing unit A (301), a pipeline (302) connected with the fire extinguishing unit A (301), a nozzle (306) is arranged at one end of the pipeline (302) far away from the fire extinguishing unit A (301), an electric control valve (305) is arranged on the pipeline (302), the electric control valve (305) is arranged between the fire extinguishing unit A (301) and the nozzle (306), the electric control valve (305) is connected with a controller (304), and the controller (304) is connected with a detector (303).
3. The battery pack thermal runaway suppression device according to claim 2, wherein the fire detection tube thermal runaway suppression pipe network (4) comprises at least one fire extinguishing component B (401), a fire detection tube (402) connected with the fire extinguishing component B (401), and a pressure feedback device (403) is installed at one end of the fire detection tube (402) away from the fire extinguishing component B (401).
4. The battery pack thermal runaway suppression device according to claim 3, wherein the fire extinguishing unit a (301) contains a cooling agent or a fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing unit B (401) contains a fire extinguishing agent.
5. A battery pack thermal runaway suppression device according to claim 3, characterized in that the fire tube (402) end communicates with the fire extinguishing means B (401) and the fire tube (402) is arranged at the surface of the battery (2).
6. The battery pack thermal runaway suppression device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the batteries (2) is plural, and the plural batteries (2) are uniformly distributed inside the case (1).
7. A protection method of a battery pack battery thermal runaway suppression device is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
S1: the detector (303) monitors the environmental data in the shell (1) in real time and transmits the data to the controller (304);
S2: the controller (304) judges whether to open the electric control valve (305) and spray the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent by the fire extinguishing component A (301) according to the threshold value set by the environmental data;
s3: when the battery (2) generates open fire due to thermal runaway, the fire detecting tube (402) is softened and forms a spraying opening through the internal and external pressure difference, and the fire extinguishing component B (401) sprays fire extinguishing agent through the spraying opening to extinguish fire;
S4: the pressure feedback device (403) transmits an alarm signal to the battery pack BMS or the fire control system after the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed.
8. The protection method of the battery-in-battery thermal runaway suppression device according to claim 7, wherein the detector (303) monitors the temperature, smoke, combustible gas concentration, VOC concentration and electrolyte vapor concentration within the housing (1).
9. The protection method of the battery cell thermal runaway suppression apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the S2 includes the steps of:
s2.1: the environmental data received by the controller (304) exceeds a set threshold value, and the electric control valve (305) opens the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent to be sprayed out by the nozzle (306) through the fire extinguishing component A (301) and the pipeline (302);
s2.2: the environmental data received by the controller (304) does not exceed the set threshold value, and the electric control valve (305) closes the fire extinguishing component A (301) and the cooling agent or the fire extinguishing agent in the pipeline (302) and cannot be sprayed out by the nozzle (306).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410299993.0A CN118001644A (en) | 2024-03-15 | 2024-03-15 | Battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device and protection method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410299993.0A CN118001644A (en) | 2024-03-15 | 2024-03-15 | Battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device and protection method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN118001644A true CN118001644A (en) | 2024-05-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202410299993.0A Pending CN118001644A (en) | 2024-03-15 | 2024-03-15 | Battery pack battery thermal runaway inhibition device and protection method |
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| CN (1) | CN118001644A (en) |
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- 2024-03-15 CN CN202410299993.0A patent/CN118001644A/en active Pending
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