CN112201862A - Safety protection device of lithium battery energy storage system - Google Patents
Safety protection device of lithium battery energy storage system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112201862A CN112201862A CN201910610356.XA CN201910610356A CN112201862A CN 112201862 A CN112201862 A CN 112201862A CN 201910610356 A CN201910610356 A CN 201910610356A CN 112201862 A CN112201862 A CN 112201862A
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- fire
- fire extinguishing
- energy storage
- storage system
- battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/11—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone
- A62C35/13—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance controlled by a signal from the danger zone with a finite supply of extinguishing material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a safety protection device of a lithium battery energy storage system, wherein the battery energy storage system comprises a plurality of battery modules, and the device comprises: the battery box comprises a cabinet body, a battery module and a battery module, wherein the cabinet body comprises a plurality of mutually independent cavities; the smoke detectors are arranged in the cavities and used for detecting whether smoke exists in the cavities for accommodating the smoke detectors; the plurality of smoke detectors are connected in parallel to the control device; hold extinguishing device of fire extinguishing agent set up in a plurality of cavities, work as temperature in the cavity exceedes when extinguishing device's in the cavity temperature threshold value, extinguishing device releases the fire extinguishing agent. The safety protection device of the battery energy storage system detects fire signals in a small space of the battery PACK layer and automatically releases fire extinguishing agents, so that the effect of efficiently extinguishing fire can be achieved, and the safety performance of the lithium battery energy storage system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium battery energy storage, in particular to a safety protection device of a lithium battery energy storage system.
Background
At present, lithium battery energy storage systems are applied more and more, because the possibility of burning on fire can not be thoroughly stopped due to the material characteristics of lithium batteries, along with the increase of application amount, the probability of serious accidents such as burning on fire and the like inevitably exists, and a plurality of cases of fire accidents of the lithium battery energy storage systems, which occur at home and abroad in the last year, allow people to give high attention to the safety of the lithium battery energy storage industry, and even restrict the development of the whole lithium battery energy storage industry.
The existing fire-fighting scheme of the lithium battery energy storage industry mostly adopts heptafluoropropane as a fire-extinguishing agent, and mostly adopts a cabinet type heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing device, a suspension type heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing device or a pipe network type heptafluoropropane fire-extinguishing device. Above scheme all is that the space to energy storage system is located carries out submerged gas and puts out a fire, has following problem: due to poor space tightness, the fire cannot be extinguished when the fire extinguishing concentration in the fire extinguishing environment is not reached; the fire detection device cannot detect faults at the first time, so that the fire spread to form a larger accident; due to the fact that the cabinet body of the energy storage product is closed and the like, fire extinguishing agents cannot effectively fill fire passing areas, and the fire extinguishing effect of the lithium battery is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a safety protection device of a lithium battery energy storage system, wherein the battery energy storage system comprises a plurality of battery modules, and the device comprises: the battery pack comprises a cabinet body, wherein the cabinet body comprises a plurality of mutually independent cavities, and a plurality of battery modules are distributed in the cavities;
the smoke detectors are arranged in the cavities and used for detecting whether smoke exists in the cavities containing the smoke detectors; the plurality of smoke detectors are connected in parallel to the control device;
hold extinguishing device of fire extinguishing agent set up in a plurality of cavities, work as temperature in the cavity exceedes when extinguishing device's in the cavity temperature threshold value, extinguishing device releases the fire extinguishing agent.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus includes: a tube containing the fire extinguishing agent therein; the tube body passes through the plurality of cavities.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing apparatus includes: a plurality of fire extinguishing submodule pieces, a plurality of fire extinguishing submodule pieces distribute set up in inside a plurality of cavitys, every fire extinguishing submodule piece contains the medicament of putting out a fire.
Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent comprises: heptafluoropropane or a hot aerosol.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises: the fire extinguishing device state detection device is respectively connected with the fire extinguishing device and the control device and is used for detecting whether the fire extinguishing device is started or not; when the fire extinguishing device is not started, sending a first signal to the control device; sending a second signal to the control device when the fire extinguishing device is activated; and the control device sends an open fire alarm signal to a superior system to alarm open fire.
Preferably, the method comprises:
battery module spouts smog class material from the pressure release hole in the cavity because thermal runaway, smog detector detects smoke signal in the cavity, sends smog alarm signal to controlling means through alarm circuit, and controlling means sends alarm signal to the host computer, and the timely processing after on-the-spot fortune dimension personnel learn.
Preferably, if operation and maintenance personnel do not timely handle after the smoke alarm, the battery module is further out of control by heat until open fire is generated, the pipe body is automatically broken when heated, and the internal fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out.
Preferably, if operation and maintenance personnel do not timely handle after the smoke alarm, the battery module is further out of control by heat until open fire is generated, the fire extinguishing submodule in the cavity is automatically broken when heated, and the internal fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out.
Preferably, after the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed, a submerged gas fire extinguishing environment is formed rapidly, and the battery open fire is extinguished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: lithium cell energy storage system's safety device can be used to short-term test fire signal and automatic release medicament of putting out a fire in the little space of battery PACK aspect, reaches prevention in advance, high efficiency effect and with low costs of putting out a fire.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a safety protection device of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pluggable battery box for implementing an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a fire extinguishing apparatus implementing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrical principles of a control system implementing an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The lithium battery energy storage system mainly comprises a plurality of lithium battery modules in series-parallel connection, if the lithium battery modules cause thermal runaway of single or multiple single batteries in the battery modules due to factors such as mechanical impact, overcharge, overdischarge and overtemperature, the internal temperature of the battery rapidly rises, high temperature triggers chemical substances in the battery to further react violently, a large amount of gas is generated, the internal pressure rapidly increases, a pressure release valve at the top of the single battery is opened after certain pressure is reached, high-pressure gas is sprayed out, the main components of the lithium battery energy storage system are active substances and CO or CO2, the lithium battery energy storage system contains inflammable substances, the lithium battery energy storage system is easy to combust after being in contact with air, if the lithium battery energy storage system cannot rapidly extinguish fire, the single batteries can further spread to the battery modules or a plurality of battery modules or even the spreading type. Therefore, early warning and quick and efficient fire extinguishing of the battery module fire are the most effective measures for preventing serious accidents. The safety protection device of the lithium battery energy storage system disclosed by the invention aims to protect a lithium battery PACK and specifically comprises an internal cavity, a smoke detector, a fire extinguishing device and a control device.
Firstly, a plurality of single batteries are connected in series and parallel to form a battery module, a plurality of or single battery modules and a battery management system form a battery PACK, and a plurality of battery PACKs are connected in series or in series and parallel to form a set of energy storage system; the plurality of battery PACKs are arranged in the cabinet body, the cabinet body is divided into a plurality of cavities, and the volumes of the cavities can be different, namely, the cabinet body can be customized without uniform division; intervals exist among the cavities, and the interval space can contain at least one of a fire extinguishing device, a fireproof material, an insulating material and other fire extinguishing materials, or nothing is arranged; each battery PACK is placed in a cavity, and each battery PACK is not in direct contact with each other, so that the fire passing range of open fire of the lithium battery is limited.
The device is provided with the smoke detectors, the number of the smoke detectors can be the same as or different from that of the cavities, and one cavity can be provided with a plurality of smoke detectors; because the volume of the cavity can be customized, the cavity can be very large, if one smoke detector is insufficient, the cavity can be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed around the battery module according to the three directions of the xyz axis, and the distribution shape can be circular, triangular and the like. A plurality of smoke detectors are connected in parallel on a smoke detector data bus, if the smoke detectors monitor that smoke occurs in the cavity, the detector position numbers can be sent to a fire alarm host through the bus, the fire alarm host sends signals to a control device, the control device sends alarm signals and the detector position numbers to an upper-level system, and operation and maintenance personnel can arrive in time after knowing the signals and conduct preventive treatment. The above device configuration description is shown in fig. 1.
In order to operate and maintain personnel can be fast with the separation of unusual battery PACK and the battery cabinet body, through using quick plug cable joint, bottom installation activity gyro wheel and the fixed scheme of hasp formula, realize battery PACK and battery cabinet's no instrument quick separation, as shown in figure 2.
If the operation and maintenance personnel of the energy storage system cannot timely catch up with the abnormal battery PACK, battery open fire is possibly formed, and the safety protection device of the energy storage system is provided with a fire extinguishing device. The fire extinguishing device can adopt a fire detection tube form and also can adopt a separated hot aerosol module.
The fire detection tube fire extinguishing device consists of a heptafluoropropane medicament bottle body, a valve body and a fire detection tube hose, wherein the fire detection tube hose is a temperature sensing tube capable of being bent freely, the temperature sensing tube can be softened and broken automatically when the surface temperature of the tube body reaches 150 ℃ (± 10 ℃), the pressure in the fire detection tube is reduced, the corresponding valve body is started, a fire extinguishing agent is released through a broken outlet of the fire detection tube to form fire extinguishing gas, and the battery open fire is extinguished quickly based on the principle of absorbing heat and blocking a chemical reaction chain. The tube body penetrates through a plurality of cavities in the cabinet body in a certain sequence, the battery PACK in any cavity is exposed to fire, the hose is softened and broken in the cavity range, the heptafluoropropane medicament is released, and quick self-starting fire extinguishing in the cavity range is realized.
The separated hot aerosol module is a fire extinguishing device filled with a certain amount of hot aerosol fire extinguishing medium, the number of the separated hot aerosol modules can be the same as or different from that of the cavities, and one cavity can be provided with a plurality of separated hot aerosol modules; because the volume of the cavity can be customized, the cavity can be very large, if a separated hot aerosol module is not enough, the cavity can be uniformly distributed in three directions of an xyz axis, and also can be non-uniformly distributed and intensively distributed around the battery module, and the distribution shape can be circular, triangular and the like. The thermal aerosol module is provided with a temperature sensing detection line, the thermal aerosol module can be automatically started when the surface temperature of the cable reaches 170 ℃ (± 10 ℃), aerosol fire extinguishing media are sprayed out of the module, and the battery open fire is quickly extinguished based on the principle of absorbing heat and blocking a chemical reaction chain. The fire extinguishing device can realize self-starting fire extinguishing in parallel of a plurality of cavities, is easy to modularize, but can form particles after releasing the medicament, and is not suitable for being used in occasions requiring clean environments or dense people flows.
Two fire extinguishing apparatus are schematically shown in figure 3.
Whichever fire extinguishing device is provided with a dry node feedback device and is divided into a normally open path and a normally closed path; before the action is not performed, the normally open node is connected to an active breaking equipment coil, and the normally closed node is connected to a cooling fan power supply loop; after the device acts, the normally open node is changed into a normally closed state, and the coil of the active breaking device is electrified to disconnect the external connection circuit of the system; the normally closed node is changed into a normally open state, the heat dissipation fan is powered off, the heat dissipation fan of the cabinet body is closed, the air tightness of the cabinet body is improved, and the gas type fire extinguishing agent plays the greatest role. The electrical schematic is shown in fig. 4.
In conclusion, the safety protection device of the lithium battery energy storage system provided by the invention can achieve the effect of efficient fire extinguishing by detecting the fire signal in the small space of the battery PACK layer and automatically releasing the fire extinguishing agent, and has controllable cost, thereby improving the safety performance of the lithium battery energy storage system.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A safety shield apparatus for a battery energy storage system, the battery energy storage system including a plurality of battery modules, the apparatus comprising:
the battery pack comprises a cabinet body, wherein the cabinet body comprises a plurality of mutually independent cavities, and a plurality of battery modules are distributed in the cavities;
the smoke detectors are arranged in the cavities and used for detecting whether smoke exists in the cavities containing the smoke detectors; the plurality of smoke detectors are connected in parallel to the control device;
hold extinguishing device of fire extinguishing agent set up in a plurality of cavities, work as temperature in the cavity exceedes when extinguishing device's in the cavity temperature threshold value, extinguishing device releases the fire extinguishing agent.
2. A safety shield for a battery energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein said fire suppression means comprises: a tube containing the fire extinguishing agent therein; the tube body passes through the plurality of cavities.
3. A safety shield for a battery energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein said fire suppression means comprises: a plurality of fire extinguishing submodule pieces, a plurality of fire extinguishing submodule pieces distribute set up in inside a plurality of cavitys, every fire extinguishing submodule piece contains the medicament of putting out a fire.
4. A safety shield for a battery energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein said fire suppressant agent comprises: heptafluoropropane or a hot aerosol.
5. A safety shield for a battery energy storage system according to claim 1, said shield further comprising: the fire extinguishing device state detection device is respectively connected with the fire extinguishing device and the control device and is used for detecting whether the fire extinguishing device is started or not; when the fire extinguishing device is not started, sending a first signal to the control device; sending a second signal to the control device when the fire extinguishing device is activated; and the control device sends an open fire alarm signal to a superior system to alarm open fire.
6. The safety shield apparatus of a battery energy storage system of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
battery module spouts smog class material from the pressure release hole in the cavity because thermal runaway, smog detector detects smoke signal in the cavity, sends smog alarm signal to controlling means through alarm circuit, and controlling means sends alarm signal to the host computer, and the timely processing after on-the-spot fortune dimension personnel learn.
7. A safety shield for a battery energy storage system according to claim 1,
if the operation and maintenance personnel do not timely handle after the smoke alarm, the battery module is further out of control of heat until open fire is generated, the pipe body automatically breaks when heated, and the internal fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out.
8. The safety protection device of a battery energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein if the operation and maintenance personnel do not timely handle the safety protection device after the smoke alarm, the battery module is further thermally out of control until open fire is generated, the fire extinguishing submodule in the cavity automatically breaks when heated, and the internal fire extinguishing agent is sprayed out.
9. The safety device of claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed to rapidly form a submerged gas fire extinguishing environment to extinguish the battery open fire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910610356.XA CN112201862A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Safety protection device of lithium battery energy storage system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910610356.XA CN112201862A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Safety protection device of lithium battery energy storage system |
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| CN112201862A true CN112201862A (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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| CN201910610356.XA Pending CN112201862A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Safety protection device of lithium battery energy storage system |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113350719A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | 珠海智慧联合科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing device for extinguishing lithium battery fire by intermittently spraying fire extinguishing agent |
| CN113381087A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-10 | 环安有备族科技有限公司 | Energy storage battery safety device and system |
| CN113745680A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 无锡隆玛科技股份有限公司 | Lithium battery box with fire-fighting function |
| CN114006056A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-01 | 青岛能蜂电气有限公司 | Modular energy storage system |
| CN114696236A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-01 | 宁波达航数据技术有限公司 | Integration lithium electricity power cabinet |
| CN114699679A (en) * | 2022-04-16 | 2022-07-05 | 平高集团储能科技有限公司 | Air-cooled energy storage lithium battery cluster-level local application pack accurate fire extinguishing system and method |
| CN114870293A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-08-09 | 浙江南都能源互联网有限公司 | Energy storage battery fire-fighting system and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113350719A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-07 | 珠海智慧联合科技有限公司 | Fire extinguishing device for extinguishing lithium battery fire by intermittently spraying fire extinguishing agent |
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| CN114696236A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-01 | 宁波达航数据技术有限公司 | Integration lithium electricity power cabinet |
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