CN117981769A - Corn and soybean dual-purpose plant type regulation and control plant growth regulator and application thereof - Google Patents
Corn and soybean dual-purpose plant type regulation and control plant growth regulator and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corn and soybean dual-purpose plant type regulation and control plant growth regulator and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of plant growth regulators. The plant growth regulator comprises a triazole compound coated by composite silane aerosol and ethephon coated by composite silane aerosol, wherein the active ingredients of the plant growth regulator are the triazole compound and the ethephon. The mass fraction ratio of the triazole compound to the ethephon is 1:2-80. The plant growth regulator of the invention has synergistic effect on soybean and corn, so that the product has the effects of shortening the internode length of the crop base, increasing the internode diameter and reducing the height of organs of the product, thus preventing lodging and improving the yield. Meanwhile, the product is safe and environment-friendly, has less field residue, small influence on aftercrop, easily obtained main active ingredients, low cost, obvious effect and easy operation and popularization and application, and has positive pushing effect on promoting soybean and corn banded composite planting and guaranteeing grain and oil safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant growth regulators, in particular to a corn and soybean dual-purpose plant type regulation plant growth regulator and application thereof.
Background
At present, corn and soybean banded compound planting is promoted in large areas in Huang-Huai-Hai, northwest and southwest areas. However, the guidance research of the national corn and soybean ribbon-shaped composite planting expert guidance group indicates that under the density and plant row configuration required by the standard technical regulations of the soybean and corn ribbon-shaped composite planting mode, soybean shading is easy to grow excessively, corn is thickened and is easy to lodge, so that yield reduction and quality reduction are caused, and the soybean and corn ribbon-shaped composite planting expert guidance group has become a key problem for limiting popularization of the corn and soybean ribbon-shaped composite germplasm mode and improvement of yield.
The physical and chemical control fall prevention technology is an effective key technology for plant type regulation and fall prevention and yield increase of large-scale grain cotton oil crops in China at present, and is a corresponding fall prevention plant growth regulator product for crops such as corn, soybean, wheat, cotton and the like. However, since soybean and corn belong to dicotyledonous plants and monocotyledonous plants respectively, the sensitivity of the soybean and the corn to the same medicament is different, triazole compounds, such as uniconazole, propiconazole and the like applied to the soybean have no obvious effect on the corn, ethylene Li Dengrong applied to the corn is easy to cause premature senility of the soybean, and the stable pH difference of the soybean and the propiconazole is greatly compounded to cause medicament failure, and no effective combined medicament or compound formula exists at present, in actual production, chemical control measures of banded combined planting of the soybean and the corn need to be respectively carried out, a large amount of labor and time are consumed, and the requirement of current large-scale production cannot be met. Therefore, the invention is urgent to provide a universal plant growth regulator product suitable for the soybean and corn banded composite planting mode, which realizes the simultaneous high-efficiency anti-fall regulation and control of two crops in the composite planting mode.
The present application has been made for the above reasons.
Disclosure of Invention
For the above reasons, the present invention aims to provide a plant growth regulator for corn and soybean dual-purpose plant type regulation and control and application thereof, which solve or at least partially solve the above technical defects in the prior art.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to realize the simultaneous fall prevention and yield increase of two crops, namely soybean and corn, in a composite planting mode.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a plant growth regulator.
The invention provides a corn and soybean dual-purpose plant type regulation and control plant growth regulator, which comprises a triazole compound coated by composite silane aerosol and ethephon coated by composite silane aerosol, wherein the active components of the plant growth regulator are the triazole compound and the ethephon.
In the plant growth regulator, the triazole compound is uniconazole and/or propiconazole. For example, the plant growth regulator may be a composite silane aerosol coated uniconazole and a composite silane aerosol coated ethephon, or a composite silane aerosol coated propiconazole and a composite silane aerosol coated ethephon, or a composite silane aerosol coated uniconazole and propiconazole, and a composite silane aerosol coated ethephon.
In the plant growth regulator, the mass fraction ratio of the triazole compound to the ethephon is 1:2-80.
In the plant growth regulator, the mass fraction ratio of the triazole compound to the ethephon is 1:80 (corresponding to G1E 3) or 1:20 (G2E 2) or 1:2 (G3E 1).
The plant growth regulator is matched with the composite silane aerosol material to prevent mutual reaction.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the triazole compound coated with the composite silane aerosol, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving triazole compounds in an organic solvent, then fully vibrating and uniformly mixing the triazole compounds with 0.1% of substituted n-silane aerosol with the particle size of 5nm according to the amount of the same substances, and then fixing the volume by deionized water; wherein: the triazole compound is uniconazole and/or propiconazole.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite silane aerosol coated ethephon, which comprises the following steps:
Dissolving ethephon in organic solvent, mixing with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol according to the amount of the same substances, shaking thoroughly, and then fixing volume with deionized water.
The 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol is prepared by the following method, and the steps are as follows:
Fully dispersing tetraethoxysilane in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal volume, adding glacial acetic acid with 1/3 volume, uniformly mixing, standing at room temperature for more than 30min until the tetraethoxysilane is polymerized into gel, then fully drying at 150 ℃ for more than 24h, obtaining 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol through ultrasonic crushing, and then dispersing to 0.1 mass percent by using absolute ethyl alcohol.
The plant growth regulator contains a synergistic agent, wherein the synergistic agent comprises diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, fulvic acid, 6-benzylaminoadenine, chitosan oligosaccharide, a cosolvent and a viscosity-developing agent.
The cosolvent can be one or more of methanol, ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide; the adhesive agent can be one or more of Tween20 (Tween 20), tween60 (Tween 60) and Triton 100 (Triton-100).
The potentiators of the plant growth regulators described hereinabove may also contain other components which can be determined by one skilled in the art based on the effect on plant growth regulation; the co-solvent of the plant growth regulator may further contain other components which can be determined by one skilled in the art according to the effect on plant growth regulation; the adhesive of the plant growth regulator may further contain other components, which can be determined by one skilled in the art based on the effect on plant growth regulation.
The plant growth regulator has all or part of the following functions:
p1, reducing the plant height of crops;
p2, improving crop yield;
p3, reducing the organogenesis height of the crop product;
p4, increasing the grain number or grain weight of crops;
P5, increases the activity of enzymes involved in the carbon metabolism process.
In the plant growth regulator, the plant is any one of the following combinations:
1) Dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants;
2) Plants of the order fabaceae and gramineae
3) Leguminous plants and gramineous plants;
4) Plants of the genus Glycine and Zea;
5) Soybean and corn.
The use of the following plant growth regulators, including all or part of Q1-Q7, is also within the scope of the present invention:
Q1, application of the plant growth regulator in reducing plant height of crops;
Q2, application of the plant growth regulator in improving crop yield;
Q3, use of the above plant growth regulator for reducing organogenesis height of crop products;
q4, application of the plant growth regulator in improving grain number or grain weight of crops;
Q5, the application of the plant growth regulator in improving the activity of enzymes related to plant carbon metabolic processes.
The plant growth regulator described above may be formulated into any dosage form acceptable for agricultural production. Such as liquid, emulsion, suspending agent, powder, granule, wettable powder or water dispersible granule, etc. The plant growth regulator can be liquid, wherein the mass fraction of the triazole compound of the active ingredient in the compound silane aerosol coated triazole compound can be 5-50ppm, and the mass fraction of the ethephon of the active ingredient in the compound silane aerosol coated ethephon can be 100-400ppm. Specifically, the compound silane aerosol is 5-ppm uniconazole+400-ppm ethephon, 10-ppm uniconazole+200-ppm ethephon and 50-ppm uniconazole+100-ppm ethephon, the particle size of the compound silane aerosol is 5nm, the concentration of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate in the synergist can be 1-20mg/L, the concentration of fulvic acid can be 100-500mg/L and the concentration of 6-benzylaminoadenine can be 1-10mg/L; the concentration of the cosolvent can be 100-200ml/L; the concentration of the adhesive may be 1-5ml/L.
The invention also provides a using method of the plant growth regulator, which comprises the steps of preparing the plant growth regulator into a solution and spraying the solution on leaf surfaces in a plant growth period. The period of foliar spraying can be a soybean three-leaf to five-leaf period and a corn 7-leaf to 11-leaf period.
Further, according to the technical scheme, the spraying concentration of the triazole compound serving as an active ingredient of the triazole compound coated by the composite silane aerosol in the plant growth regulator is 5-50ppm, and the spraying concentration of the ethephon serving as an active ingredient of the ethephon coated by the composite silane aerosol is 100-400ppm.
The plant growth regulator in the above method is preferably treated once during the soybean penta-leaf period and the corn 7-leaf period when being sprayed.
When the plant growth regulator is sprayed, 30L of liquid medicine, preferably water, is used as a diluent for each mu of the plant growth regulator to be uniformly sprayed on the surfaces of the blades, so that the plant growth regulator cannot be re-sprayed and cannot be leaked.
Experiments prove that compared with a control without spraying a plant growth regulator, the independent spraying of triazole compound-silane aerosol only has the effect of obviously reducing the basal internode and the initial pod height of soybeans, the independent spraying of ethephon-silane aerosol only has the effect of obviously reducing the basal internode and the spike position of corns, and the effect of generating heights on the plants and the organs of soybeans and corns is stronger along with the increase of each treatment concentration. The two plant growth regulators are used together according to different proportions, so that the corn and the soybean are obviously inhibited, the action effect is obviously increased by 3.7-5.9% for a specific plant, and the grain weight and the grain number are increased. Wherein the average amplification effect of the combination of the G2E2 treatment (the mass fraction ratio of the triazole compound to the ethephon is 1:20) is most obvious.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
Aiming at the problem that the yield is reduced due to the fact that crops are prone to lodging due to overgrowth in a soybean and corn composite planting mode, the invention develops the special economic and efficient plant growth regulator for the soybean and corn ribbon composite planting, which mainly comprises triazole compounds and ethephon, and the special economic and efficient plant growth regulator is compounded with functional silane materials respectively, so that the functional components are prevented from interacting to cause failure, and the synergistic effect is exerted on the soybeans and the corn, and the product has the effects of shortening the internode length of the base part of the crops, increasing the internode diameter and reducing the organ height of the product, and the lodging prevention and the yield improvement are realized. Meanwhile, the product is safe and environment-friendly, has less field residue, small influence on aftercrop, easily obtained main active ingredients, low cost, obvious effect and easy operation and popularization and application, and has positive pushing effect on promoting soybean and corn banded composite planting and guaranteeing grain and oil safety.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings that are presented to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope thereof. The examples provided below are intended as guidelines for further modifications by one of ordinary skill in the art and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods, and are carried out according to techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product specifications. Materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The uniconazole (Sigma-Aldrich, CAS: 83657-22-1), propiconazole (Sigma-Aldrich, CAS: 60207-90-1), ethephon (Sigma-Aldrich, CAS: 16672-87-0) and the synergists used in the examples of the present invention were all commercially available.
The 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosols used in the following examples of the present invention were prepared by the following method: tetraethoxysilane (Sigma-Aldrich, CAS: 78-10-4) is fully dispersed in equal volume of absolute ethyl alcohol, 1/3 volume of glacial acetic acid is added, the mixture is polymerized into gel, the gel is fully dried at 250 ℃ to remove the ethanol, then powder is prepared, the powder is crushed by ultrasonic to obtain 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol, and then the powder is dispersed to 0.1 mass percent by using the absolute ethyl alcohol.
Example 1 Effect of the combination of uniconazole and ethephon on plant types and basal internodes of soybean and corn
In the embodiment, the compound is formed by substituting n-silane aerosol with 0.1% of uniconazole and ethephon and the like, and the particle size of 5nm is replaced by three concentrations of uniconazole 5, 10 and 50ppm and three concentrations of ethephon 100, 200 and 400ppm respectively, and the compound is arranged and combined, and 1 clear water is used for comparison.
The test was performed under field natural conditions. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of plant growth regulator solution
1.1 Dissolving uniconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, then fully vibrating and uniformly mixing the uniconazole with 0.1% of equivalent mass and 5nm particle size substituted normal silane aerosol, and then using deionized water to fix the volume to obtain 5ppm uniconazole solution (G1 solution), 10ppm uniconazole solution (G2 solution) and 50ppm uniconazole solution (G3 solution).
1.2 Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, then fully and uniformly shaking and mixing with 0.1% of equal mass and 5nm particle size substituted normal silane aerosol, and then fixing the volume by water to obtain a ethephon solution (E1 solution) of 100ppm, a ethephon solution (E2 solution) of 200ppm and a ethephon solution (E3 solution) of 400 ppm.
1.3 Preparation of the Enfazode and ethephon combination solution
1.3.1G1E3 solution:
1) Dissolving uniconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the uniconazole with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain a uniconazole solution;
2) Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the ethephon with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain ethephon solution;
3) And (3) uniformly mixing the solutions in 1) to 2), and fixing the volume to the volume of the working solution by using water to obtain the M1G1 solution. In the M1G1 solution, the content of the uniconazole is 5ppm, and the content of the ethephon is 400ppm.
1.3.2G2E2 solution:
1) Dissolving uniconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the uniconazole with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain a uniconazole solution;
2) Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the ethephon with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain ethephon solution;
3) And (3) uniformly mixing the solutions in 1) to 2), and fixing the volume to the volume of the working solution by using water to obtain the G2E2 solution. In the G2E2 solution, the content of the uniconazole is 10ppm, and the content of the ethephon is 200ppm.
1.3.3G3E1 solution:
1) Dissolving uniconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the uniconazole with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain a uniconazole solution;
2) Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the ethephon with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain ethephon solution;
3) And (3) uniformly mixing the solutions in 1) to 2), and fixing the volume to the volume of the working solution by using water to obtain the G3E1 solution. In the G3E1 solution, the content of uniconazole is 50ppm, and the content of ethephon is 100ppm.
2. Design of field experiment
The quantitative experiments in the following examples were all set up in triplicate.
In the summer of 2022, in the north Wu Qiao of China, ji Huang soybean and Zhengdan 958 corn are used as test varieties, and field experiments are carried out. The test adopts a random block design, three repeated areas are arranged, 20 cells (treatment) are randomly arranged in each repeated area, and leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out. The 20 cells are respectively a control processing area (CK), a G1 processing area, a G2 processing area, a G3 processing area, an E1 processing area, an E2 processing area, an E3 processing area, a G1E3 processing area, a G2E2 processing area and a G3E1 processing area. The area of each cell is 24m 2. Corn row spacing of 60cm, density 4500 plants/mu, soybean row spacing of 30cm and density 6000 plants/mu are used in each district.
The length and diameter of basal internodes are measured in the full bloom stage of soybean, and the length and diameter of basal internodes are measured in the spinning stage of corn. All data were analyzed by ANOVA with SAS 9.2 and multiple comparisons were performed using Fishers' LSD method, with significant differences achieved with p < 0.05. The results show that whether on soybean or corn, single application of one component only has an inhibition effect on basal internodes of soybean or only has an inhibition effect on basal internodes of corn, but after application of the composite preparation, the length of the basal internodes of soybean and corn can be inhibited simultaneously, the inhibition effect shows a trend superior to that of a single preparation, and other internodes except the basal internodes are obvious, so that the expected effect is achieved.
TABLE 1 Effect of uniconazole and ethephon on the basal internode length of soybean corn
Note that: different letters in the same column represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
Example 2 Effect of uniconazole and ethephon on soybean and corn yield
In the embodiment, the compound is formed by using uniconazole and ethephon and 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol, three concentrations of 5, 10 and 50ppm of uniconazole and three concentrations of 100, 200 and 400ppm of ethephon are respectively arranged and combined, and 1 clear water is used for comparison.
The test was performed under field natural conditions. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1. The plant growth regulator solution was prepared as in example 1.
2. Design of field test
The quantitative experiments in the following examples were all set up in triplicate.
In the summer of 2022, in the north Wu Qiao of China, ji Huang soybean and Zhengdan 958 corn are used as test varieties, and field experiments are carried out. The test adopts a random block design, three repeated areas are arranged, 20 cells (treatment) are randomly arranged in each repeated area, and leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out. The 20 cells are respectively a control processing area (CK), a G1 processing area, a G2 processing area, a G3 processing area, an E1 processing area, an E2 processing area, an E3 processing area, a G1E3 processing area, a G2E2 processing area and a G3E1 processing area. The area of each cell is 24m 2. Corn row spacing of 60cm, density 4500 plants/mu, soybean row spacing of 30cm and density 6000 plants/mu are used in each district.
Soybeans and corns are harvested in the mature period, and the yield constitution factor are measured. All data were analyzed by ANOVA with SAS 9.2 and multiple comparisons were performed using Fishers' LSD method, with significant differences achieved with p < 0.05.
As shown in table 2, the experimental results show that compared with the control, the single spraying of uniconazole shows a certain increasing effect, but the soybean grains have a decreasing trend along with the increase of the concentration, but the effect on corn is not obvious; the ethephon is sprayed singly, the effect of obviously increasing the spike number per mu is shown on corns, the trend of increasing is shown along with the increase of concentration, and the effect on soybeans is not obvious. The soybean and the corn are compounded according to different proportions, and the effect of increasing the grain number or the spike number is shown. It can be seen that the two components have remarkable synergistic effect when being used together.
TABLE 2 Effect of uniconazole and ethephon on soybean corn yield and yield profile
Note that: different letters in the same column represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
Example 3 Effect of uniconazole and ethephon on organ height and lodging resistance of soybean and corn products
In the embodiment, the compound is formed by using uniconazole and ethephon and 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol, three concentrations of 5, 10 and 50ppm of uniconazole and three concentrations of 100, 200 and 400ppm of ethephon are respectively arranged and combined, and 1 clear water is used for comparison.
The test was performed under field natural conditions. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1. The plant growth regulator solution was prepared as in example 1.
2. Design of field test
The quantitative experiments in the following examples were all set up in triplicate.
In the summer of 2022, in the north Wu Qiao of China, ji Huang soybean and Zhengdan 958 corn are used as test varieties, and field experiments are carried out. The test adopts a random block design, three repeated areas are arranged, 20 cells (treatment) are randomly arranged in each repeated area, and leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out. The 20 cells are respectively a control processing area (CK), a G1 processing area, a G2 processing area, a G3 processing area, an E1 processing area, an E2 processing area, an E3 processing area, a G1E3 processing area, a G2E2 processing area and a G3E1 processing area. The area of each cell is 24m 2. Corn row spacing of 60cm, density 4500 plants/mu, soybean row spacing of 30cm and density 6000 plants/mu are used in each district.
The method comprises the steps of harvesting soybeans and corns in a mature period, measuring the initial pod height and the corn ear position height of the soybeans, and measuring the stalk lodging resistance of the soybeans and the corns by using a stalk strength meter. All data were analyzed by ANOVA with SAS 9.2 and multiple comparisons were performed using Fishers' LSD method, with significant differences achieved with p < 0.05.
As shown in Table 3, the experimental results show that compared with the control, the single spraying of the uniconazole obviously reduces the height of the soybean pod from 35.5 to 46.7 percent, the descending trend is obvious along with the increase of the treatment concentration, and the corresponding breaking resistance is increased by 67.8 to 73.2 percent, however, the effect on the high corncob position and the breaking resistance is not great; the corn cob height is obviously reduced by 17.6-27.5cm by singly spraying ethephon, and the breaking resistance is increased by 65.7-98.4% along with the increase of the treatment concentration, but the pod bearing height and the breaking resistance of the soybean are hardly influenced. The soybean and the corn are compounded according to different proportions, the effects of reducing the fruiting part and improving the lodging resistance are shown, and the effect of the soybean and the corn is obviously higher than that of single-agent spraying for specific crops. It can be seen that the two components have remarkable synergistic effect when being used together.
TABLE 3 Effect of uniconazole and ethephon treatments on the high set and break resistance of soybeans and corn
Note that: different letters in the same column represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
Example 4 Effect of propiconazole and ethephon on soybean and maize plant types and basal internodes
In the embodiment, the compound is formed by substituting n-silane aerosol with 0.1% of propiconazole and ethephon and the like, and the particle size of 5nm is replaced by three concentrations of propiconazole 5, 10 and 50ppm and three concentrations of ethephon 100, 200 and 400ppm, which are respectively arranged and combined, and 1 clear water is used for comparison.
The test was performed under field natural conditions. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of plant growth regulator solution
1.1 Dissolving propiconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, then fully and uniformly shaking and mixing with 0.1% of equal mass and 5nm particle size substituted normal silane aerosol, and then using deionized water to fix the volume to obtain 5ppm propiconazole solution (P1 solution), 10ppm propiconazole solution (P2 solution) and 50ppm propiconazole solution (P3 solution).
1.2 Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, then fully and uniformly shaking and mixing with 0.1% of equal mass and 5nm particle size substituted normal silane aerosol, and then fixing the volume by water to obtain a ethephon solution (E1 solution) of 100ppm, a ethephon solution (E2 solution) of 200ppm and a ethephon solution (E3 solution) of 400 ppm.
1.3 Preparation of propiconazole and ethephon combination solution
1.3.1P1E3 solution:
1) Dissolving propiconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain propiconazole solution;
2) Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the ethephon with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain ethephon solution;
3) And (3) uniformly mixing the solutions in 1) to 2), and fixing the volume to the volume of the working solution by using water to obtain the P1E3 solution. In the P1E3 solution, the propiconazole content is 5ppm and the ethephon content is 400ppm.
1.3.2P2E2 solution:
1) Dissolving propiconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain propiconazole solution;
2) Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the ethephon with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain ethephon solution;
3) And (3) uniformly mixing the solutions in 1) to 2), and fixing the volume to the volume of the working solution by using water to obtain the P2E2 solution. In the P2E2 solution, the propiconazole content is 10ppm, and the ethephon content is 200ppm.
1.3.3P3E1 solution:
1) Dissolving propiconazole in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain propiconazole solution;
2) Dissolving ethephon in absolute ethyl alcohol, and fully and uniformly vibrating and mixing the ethephon with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol to obtain ethephon solution;
3) And (3) uniformly mixing the solutions in 1) to 2), and fixing the volume to the volume of the working solution by using water to obtain the P3E1 solution. In the P3E1 solution, the propiconazole content is 50ppm, and the ethephon content is 100ppm.
2. Design of field experiment
The quantitative experiments in the following examples were all set up in triplicate.
In 2023 summer, the field experiment is carried out in the laboratory station of China agricultural university with Ji Huang soybean and Zhengdan 958 corn as test varieties. The test adopts a random block design, three repeated areas are arranged, 10 cells (treatment) are randomly arranged in each repeated area, and leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out. The 10 cells are respectively a control processing area (CK), a P1 processing area, a P2 processing area, a P3 processing area, an E1 processing area, an E2 processing area, an E3 processing area, a P1E3 processing area, a P2E2 processing area and a P3E1 processing area. The area of each cell is 24m 2. Corn row spacing of 60cm, density 4300 plants/mu, soybean row spacing of 30cm and density 5500 plants/mu are used for each cell.
The length and diameter of basal internodes are measured in the full bloom stage of soybean, and the length and diameter of basal internodes are measured in the spinning stage of corn. All data were analyzed by ANOVA with SAS9.2 and multiple comparisons were performed using Fishers' LSD method, with significant differences achieved with p < 0.05. The results shown in Table 4 demonstrate that either on soybean or corn, single application of one component either only inhibited basal ganglia or only inhibited basal ganglia, but the composite formulation was able to inhibit both soybean and corn internode lengths simultaneously, and the inhibition effect showed a trend superior to that of the single formulation, with significant differences between the other internodes except the basal-most internodes, achieving the desired effect.
TABLE 4 effect of propiconazole and ethephon on basal internode length in soybean maize
Note that: different letters in the same column represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
Example 5 effect of propiconazole and ethephon on soybean and corn yields
In the embodiment, propiconazole and ethephon are selected to form a compound with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol, three concentrations of propiconazole 5, 10 and 50ppm and three concentrations of ethephon 100, 200 and 400ppm are respectively arranged and combined, and 1 clear water is used for comparison.
The test was performed under field natural conditions. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1. The plant growth regulator solution was prepared as in example 6.
2. Design of field test
The quantitative experiments in the following examples were all set up in triplicate.
In 2023 summer, the field experiment is carried out in the laboratory station of China agricultural university with Ji Huang soybean and Zhengdan 958 corn as test varieties. The test adopts a random block design, three repeated areas are arranged, 20 cells (treatment) are randomly arranged in each repeated area, and leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out. The 20 cells are respectively a control processing area (CK), a P1 processing area, a P2 processing area, a P3 processing area, an E1 processing area, an E2 processing area, an E3 processing area, a P1E3 processing area, a P2E2 processing area and a P3E1 processing area. The area of each cell is 24m 2. Corn row spacing of 60cm, density 4300 plants/mu, soybean row spacing of 30cm and density 5500 plants/mu are used for each cell.
Soybeans and corns are harvested in the mature period, and the yield constitution factor are measured. All data were analyzed by ANOVA with SAS 9.2 and multiple comparisons were performed using Fishers' LSD method, with significant differences achieved with p < 0.05.
As shown in table 5, the experimental results show that compared with the control, the single spraying of propiconazole shows a certain increasing effect, but the soybean grains have a decreasing trend along with the increase of concentration, but the effect on corn is not obvious; the ethephon is sprayed singly, the effect of obviously increasing the spike number per mu is shown on corns, the trend of increasing is shown along with the increase of concentration, and the effect on soybeans is not obvious. The soybean and the corn are compounded according to different proportions, and the effect of increasing the grain number or the spike number is shown. It can be seen that the two components have remarkable synergistic effect when being used together.
TABLE 5 effect of propiconazole and ethephon on soybean and maize yield and yield profile
Note that: different letters in the same column represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
Example 6 Effect of propiconazole and ethephon on organ height and lodging resistance of soybean and corn products
In the embodiment, propiconazole and ethephon are selected to form a compound with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol, three concentrations of propiconazole 5, 10 and 50ppm and three concentrations of ethephon 100, 200 and 400ppm are respectively arranged and combined, and 1 clear water is used for comparison.
The test was performed under field natural conditions. The specific method comprises the following steps:
1. The plant growth regulator solution was prepared as in example 4.
2. Design of field test
The quantitative experiments in the following examples were all set up in triplicate.
In 2023 summer, the field experiment is carried out in the laboratory station of China agricultural university with Ji Huang soybean and Zhengdan 958 corn as test varieties. The test adopts a random block design, three repeated areas are arranged, 20 cells (treatment) are randomly arranged in each repeated area, and leaf surface spraying treatment is carried out. The 20 cells are respectively a control processing area (CK), a P1 processing area, a P2 processing area, a P3 processing area, an E1 processing area, an E2 processing area, an E3 processing area, a P1E3 processing area, a P2E2 processing area and a P3E1 processing area. The area of each cell is 24m 2. Corn row spacing of 60cm, density 4300 plants/mu, soybean row spacing of 30cm and density 5500 plants/mu are used for each cell.
The method comprises the steps of harvesting soybeans and corns in a mature period, measuring the initial pod height and the corn ear position height of the soybeans, and measuring the stalk lodging resistance of the soybeans and the corns by using a stalk strength meter. All data were analyzed by ANOVA with SAS 9.2 and multiple comparisons were performed using Fishers' LSD method, with significant differences achieved with p < 0.05.
As shown in Table 3, the experimental results show that compared with the control, the single spraying of propiconazole remarkably reduces the height of the soybean pod from 35.5 to 46.7 percent, the descending trend is obvious along with the increase of the treatment concentration, and the corresponding breaking resistance is increased by 67.8 to 73.2 percent, however, the effect on the high corncob position and the breaking resistance is not great; the corn cob height is obviously reduced by 17.6-27.5cm by singly spraying ethephon, and the breaking resistance is increased by 65.7-98.4% along with the increase of the treatment concentration, but the pod bearing height and the breaking resistance of the soybean are hardly influenced. The soybean and the corn are compounded according to different proportions, the effects of reducing the fruiting part and improving the lodging resistance are shown, and the effect of the soybean and the corn is obviously higher than that of single-agent spraying for specific crops. It can be seen that the two components have remarkable synergistic effect when being used together.
TABLE 3 effect of propiconazole and ethephon treatments on the setting height and break resistance of soybeans and corn
Note that: different letters in the same column represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
Claims (10)
1. A corn and soybean dual-purpose plant type regulation and control plant growth regulator is characterized in that: the plant growth regulator comprises a triazole compound coated by composite silane aerosol and ethephon coated by composite silane aerosol, wherein the active ingredients of the plant growth regulator are the triazole compound and the ethephon; the triazole compound is uniconazole and/or propiconazole.
2. A plant growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: in the plant growth regulator, the mass fraction ratio of the triazole compound to the ethephon is 1:2-80.
3. A plant growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: the mass fraction ratio of the triazole compound to the ethephon is 1:80 or 1:20 or 1:2.
4. A plant growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the triazole compound coated by the composite silane aerosol comprises the following steps:
dissolving triazole compounds in an organic solvent, then fully vibrating and uniformly mixing the triazole compounds with 0.1% of substituted n-silane aerosol with the particle size of 5nm according to the amount of the same substances, and then fixing the volume by deionized water; wherein: the triazole compound is uniconazole and/or propiconazole.
5. A plant growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the composite silane aerosol coated ethephon comprises the following steps:
Dissolving ethephon in organic solvent, mixing with 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol according to the amount of the same substances, shaking thoroughly, and then fixing volume with deionized water.
6. A plant growth regulator according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the 0.1% and 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol is prepared by the following method, and the steps are as follows:
Fully dispersing tetraethoxysilane in absolute ethyl alcohol with equal volume, adding glacial acetic acid with 1/3 volume, uniformly mixing, standing at room temperature for more than 30min until the tetraethoxysilane is polymerized into gel, then fully drying at 150 ℃ for more than 24h, then carrying out ultrasonic crushing to obtain 5nm particle size substituted n-silane aerosol, and then dispersing to 0.1% mass fraction by using absolute ethyl alcohol.
7. Use of a plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for reducing plant height and increasing crop yield.
8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the reduction in plant height is manifested by a reduction in basal internode and pod height, a reduction in basal internode and spike height, and/or a reduction in organogenesis height of the crop product.
9. A method of using the plant growth regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: comprises the steps of preparing the plant growth regulator into a solution, and spraying the solution on leaf surfaces in the plant growth period. The period of carrying out foliar spraying is a soybean three-leaf period to a five-leaf period and a corn 7-leaf period to a corn 11-leaf period.
10. The method of use according to claim 9, wherein: the spraying concentration of the triazole compound as an active ingredient of the triazole compound coated by the composite silane aerosol in the plant growth regulator is 5-50ppm, and the spraying concentration of the ethephon as an active ingredient of the ethephon coated by the composite silane aerosol is 100-400ppm.
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