CN117955266A - Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117955266A CN117955266A CN202211296964.6A CN202211296964A CN117955266A CN 117955266 A CN117955266 A CN 117955266A CN 202211296964 A CN202211296964 A CN 202211296964A CN 117955266 A CN117955266 A CN 117955266A
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- Prior art keywords
- stator
- motor
- rotor
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- permanent magnet
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012812 general test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/18—Windings for salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a motor, a compressor and refrigeration equipment. The motor comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein permanent magnets in the rotor contain cerium elements, the number Q of stator teeth, the number m of phases of a stator winding and the magnetic pole width b m are designed according to the mass percentage x% of the cerium elements, when the number Q of the stator teeth and the number m of the phases of the stator winding meet the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3, and the magnetic pole width b m meets the relation bm less than or equal to 3040/(165-x), the efficiency and the reliability of the motor can be optimized, and meanwhile, the cost of the motor is lowest. The invention also provides a compressor and refrigeration equipment with the permanent magnet motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of compressors, and particularly relates to a motor, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.
Background
At present, in the field of household air conditioner compressors, a constant speed machine gradually exits from the market, and a variable frequency motor is a mainstream technology. In order to adapt to the application environment of household air conditioners, most of permanent magnets of variable frequency motors contain neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets with heavy rare earth elements and high coercive force. The neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet is a permanent magnet material based on an intermetallic compound Nd 2Fe14 B, and comprises neodymium, iron and boron as main components. In order to obtain different performances, dysprosium, praseodymium and other rare earth metals can be used for replacing part of neodymium in the permanent magnet. As the total number of transducer types increases year by year, the consumption of heavy rare earth element (especially dysprosium and terbium) resources increases year by year, and in order to reduce the use of heavy rare earth elements, new technologies need to be developed.
The cerium element has obvious cost advantages compared with praseodymium and neodymium elements, but the cerium element has reduced residual magnetism B r and intrinsic coercive force H cj of the corresponding rare earth magnet compared with the same praseodymium and neodymium elements, and the motor performance is directly influenced. Therefore, in order to meet the application requirements of the motor performance on the whole machine, the motor structure needs to be redesigned according to the content of rare earth element cerium in the permanent magnet.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the motor provided by the invention has the advantages that the motor efficiency and the cost performance are improved by designing the motor structure according to the content of cerium element in the permanent magnet.
The invention also provides a compressor comprising the motor.
The invention also provides refrigeration equipment comprising the compressor.
A first aspect of the invention provides an electric machine comprising a rotor and a stator;
the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding is wound on each stator tooth, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of the cerium element satisfies the following conditions: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The number of stator teeth Q and the number of phases m of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
The width of the magnetic pole of the rotor is b m, and the magnetic pole width b m meets the relation: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
The invention relates to one of the technical schemes of a motor, which has at least the following beneficial effects:
One of the core components in the air conditioner is a compressor, and a motor is arranged in the compressor, wherein the torque of the motor is generated by the interaction of the magnetic field intensity of a neodymium-iron-boron magnet in the motor and the magnetic field intensity generated by a stator in current. In order to meet the demand of air conditioner manufacturers on demagnetizing current, the intrinsic coercivity of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet adopted by the frequency conversion machine of the common compressor manufacturer is more than or equal to 1830kA/m, and the permanent magnet under the intrinsic coercivity contains praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements in a larger proportion. In order to reduce the dependence on praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements, a magnet containing cerium element can be adopted, but the use of cerium element can lead to the reduction of intrinsic coercivity, the intrinsic coercivity range of the permanent magnet containing cerium is more than or equal to 1500 and less than or equal to H cj and less than or equal to 1800kA/m, and the intrinsic coercivity is lower than that of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet with the intrinsic coercivity of more than 1830kA/m adopted by a frequency conversion machine of a common compressor manufacturer. Due to the reduction of intrinsic coercivity, the demagnetizing capability of the motor can be reduced by more than 40% under the existing motor design scheme. In order to apply the rare earth magnet containing cerium element, a new design is required for the motor.
To this end, the invention proposes an electric machine comprising a rotor and a stator. Wherein:
the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding is wound on each stator tooth, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of the cerium element satisfies the following conditions: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The number of stator teeth Q and the number of phases m of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
The width of the magnetic pole of the rotor is b m, and the magnetic pole width b m meets the relation: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
In the motor, the permanent magnet contains the cerium element with the mass percentage of x percent, so that the use of praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements is reduced, and the cost is effectively controlled. The invention provides a motor, which is designed according to the mass percentage x% of cerium element in a permanent magnet, the number Q of stator teeth, the number m of phases of a stator winding and the magnetic pole width B m, wherein when the number Q of the stator teeth and the number m of the phases of the stator winding meet the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3 and the magnetic pole width B m meets the relation B m less than or equal to 3040/(165-x), the efficiency and the reliability of the motor can be optimal, and the cost of the motor is lowest.
The torque of the motor is generated by the interaction of the magnetic field strength of the magnets in the motor and the magnetic field strength generated by the stator in the current. Excitation of the motor is provided by permanent magnets in the rotor, the remanence B r and width of which determine the magnetic flux that the rotor can provide. The number of pole pairs of the rotor is P, the magnetic pole width is b m, and the magnetic flux that the permanent magnet can provide is 2p×b m×Br. Because the rare earth magnet containing cerium element is adopted, the value of B r is correspondingly reduced, and the excitation of the permanent magnet is integrally reduced. In the motor, when the magnetic pole width b m meets the relation b m not less than 3040/(165-x), the magnetic performance of the magnet can meet the use requirement of motor efficiency.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number Q of stator teeth is 9.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number Q of stator teeth is 6.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of phases m of the stator winding is 3.
The number Q of the stator teeth and the phase number m of the stator winding meet the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3, the design is suitable for the condition that the cerium content x% in the permanent magnet is 3% -10%, meanwhile, Q/m less than or equal to 3 is limited, the application range of products is widened, and the permanent magnet is suitable for popularization and application.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of pole pairs of the rotor is P, P.ltoreq.3.
As described above, the torque of the motor is generated by the interaction of the magnetic field strength of the magnets in the motor and the magnetic field strength generated by the stator in the current. Excitation of the motor is provided by permanent magnets in the rotor, the remanence B r and width of which determine the magnetic flux that the rotor can provide. The number of pole pairs of the rotor is P, the magnetic pole width is b m, and the magnetic flux that the permanent magnet can provide is 2p×b m×Br. Because the rare earth magnet containing cerium element is adopted, the value of B r is correspondingly reduced, and the excitation of the permanent magnet is integrally reduced. In the motor, the permanent magnet is a magnet containing cerium element, and when the corresponding pole pair number P is matched, the cost is lower and the motor has better cost performance when the corresponding pole pair numbers B r and H cj are reached.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stator windings are connected in series between coils on each of the stator teeth in each phase.
Under the same power level, the series winding is used on a relatively thicker wire diameter motor, so that higher back electromotive force can be realized, and the efficiency of the medium-low frequency motor is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stator windings are connected in parallel between coils on the stator teeth in each phase.
The parallel winding is used on a relatively thinner wire diameter motor under the same power level, so that the back electromotive force can be properly reduced, and the efficiency of the high-frequency motor can be improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the pole width b m satisfies the relationship: b m is less than or equal to 3900/(165-x).
According to some embodiments of the invention, the efficiency of the motor is greater than or equal to 91.5%.
The efficiency of the motor is the efficiency under rated voltage, frequency, load conditions.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element, and the content of dysprosium element is less than 3wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element, and the content of dysprosium element is less than 2.3wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element, and the content of the dysprosium element is about 2.25 wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium elements, and the sum of the content of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 20-32 wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, praseodymium and neodymium elements are contained in the permanent magnet, and the sum of the content of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 25-32 wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium elements, and the sum of the content of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 25wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains cobalt element, and the content of the cobalt element is 1-2 wt%.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of groups of slots are formed in the end face of the rotor core along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and each permanent magnet is correspondingly embedded in each slot.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the slot is V-shaped.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the V-shaped opening faces the motor stator.
Because the intrinsic coercivity of the rare earth magnet containing cerium is lower than that of the conventional rare earth magnet, the demagnetizing capability of the motor can be reduced by directly applying the rare earth magnet containing cerium, and the slots are V-shaped, so that the demagnetizing capability of the motor can be enhanced, and the demagnetizing capability of the motor is not lower than that of the conventional rare earth magnet.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the motor of the invention is a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
A second aspect of the invention provides a compressor comprising the motor.
The invention relates to one of the technical schemes of a compressor, which has at least the following beneficial effects:
the compressor of the invention comprises the motor, and the motor comprises a rotor and a stator. Wherein:
the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding is wound on each stator tooth, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of the cerium element satisfies the following conditions: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The number of stator teeth Q and the number of phases m of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
The width of the magnetic pole of the rotor is b m, and the magnetic pole width b m meets the relation: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
In the motor of the compressor, the permanent magnet contains the cerium element with the mass percentage of x percent, so that the use of praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements is reduced, and the cost is effectively controlled. The invention provides a motor, which is designed according to the mass percentage x% of cerium element in a permanent magnet, the number Q of stator teeth, the number m of phases of a stator winding and the magnetic pole width B m, wherein when the number Q of the stator teeth and the number m of the phases of the stator winding meet the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3 and the magnetic pole width B m meets the relation B m less than or equal to 3040/(165-x), the efficiency and the reliability of the motor can be optimal, and the cost of the motor is lowest. Further, the efficiency of the compressor is higher and the cost is lower.
A third aspect of the invention provides a refrigeration appliance comprising a compressor as described.
The invention relates to one of the technical schemes of refrigeration equipment, which has at least the following beneficial effects:
the refrigeration appliance of the present invention, due to the use of the compressor of the present invention, thus has all the effects and advantages of the motor and compressor described above. Specifically:
The refrigerating equipment comprises the compressor and a motor, wherein the motor comprises a rotor and a stator. Wherein:
the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding is wound on each stator tooth, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of the cerium element satisfies the following conditions: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The number of stator teeth Q and the number of phases m of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
The width of the magnetic pole of the rotor is b m, and the magnetic pole width b m meets the relation: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
In the motor of the refrigeration equipment, the permanent magnet contains cerium with the mass percentage of x percent, and the residual magnetism of the magnet B r is reduced due to the addition of the cerium, so that the efficiency of the motor can meet the requirement under the condition of equivalent cost. Further, the efficiency of the compressor is higher and the cost is lower. Eventually, the performance of the refrigeration equipment is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the refrigeration appliance is an air conditioner.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the air conditioner is a home air conditioner.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the motor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a permanent magnet and a slot in the motor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between addition of cerium element and decrease in residual magnetism of the magnet.
Reference numerals:
100: a rotor; 110: a slot; 120: a permanent magnet;
200: a stator; 210: stator teeth;
300: an air gap.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides an electric machine comprising a rotor 100 and a stator 200, an air gap 300 being formed between the rotor 100 and the stator 200.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the rotor 100 includes a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets 120 disposed on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets 120 contain x% cerium element by mass;
The stator 200 includes a stator core, which is provided with Q stator teeth 210 along an inner circumferential direction, and each stator tooth 210 is wound with a stator winding (not shown in the figure), and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of cerium element satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
the number Q of stator teeth 210 and the number m of phases of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
the width of the magnetic pole b m,bm of the rotor 100 satisfies the relationship: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
It will be appreciated that one of the core components in an air conditioner is the compressor in which the motor is located, the torque of the motor being produced by the interaction of the field strength of the neodymium-iron-boron magnets in the motor with the field strength of the stator generated in the current. In order to meet the demand of air conditioner manufacturers on demagnetizing current, the intrinsic coercivity of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet adopted by the frequency conversion machine of the common compressor manufacturer is more than or equal to 1830kA/m, and the permanent magnet under the intrinsic coercivity contains praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements in a larger proportion. In order to reduce the dependence on praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements, a magnet containing cerium element can be adopted, but the use of cerium element can lead to the reduction of intrinsic coercivity, the intrinsic coercivity range of the permanent magnet containing cerium is more than or equal to 1500 and less than or equal to H cj and less than or equal to 1800kA/m, and the intrinsic coercivity is lower than that of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet with the intrinsic coercivity of more than 1830kA/m adopted by a frequency conversion machine of a common compressor manufacturer. Due to the reduction of intrinsic coercivity, the demagnetizing capability of the motor can be reduced by more than 40% under the existing motor design scheme. In order to apply the rare earth magnet containing cerium element, a new design is required for the motor.
To this end, the present invention proposes an electric machine comprising a rotor 100 and a stator 200. Specifically:
The rotor 100 in the motor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets 120 arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets 120 contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator 200 in the motor comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth 210 are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding (not shown in the figure) is wound on each stator tooth 210, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of cerium element satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
the number Q of stator teeth 210 and the number m of phases of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
the width of the magnetic pole b m,bm of the rotor 100 satisfies the relationship: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
It can be further appreciated that in the motor of the present invention, the permanent magnet 120 contains x% of cerium element by mass, so that the use of praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements is reduced, and the cost is effectively controlled. Since the addition of cerium element can lead to the decrease of the residual magnetism B r of the magnet, in order to ensure that the efficiency of the motor can meet the requirement under the condition of equivalent cost, the invention provides the motor, the quantity Q of the stator teeth 210 and the phase number m of the stator winding are developed and designed according to the mass percentage x% of the cerium element in the permanent magnet 120, when the quantity Q of the stator teeth 210 and the phase number m of the stator winding meet the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3, and the magnetic pole width B m meets the relation B m more than or equal to 3040/(165-x), the efficiency and the reliability of the motor can be optimized, and the cost of the motor is lowest.
In order to reduce the dependence on praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements, the invention adopts a permanent magnet containing cerium, wherein the mass percentage of cerium to the total weight of the permanent magnet is x%, and the addition of cerium can lead to the decrease of the residual magnetism of the magnet, and the decrease of the residual magnetism is shown in the reference figure 3. It can be seen from fig. 3 that the cerium element with different mass percentages in the different permanent magnets corresponds to the decreasing amplitude of the permanent magnet remanence B r. Because the residual magnetism of the magnet is reduced, the magnetic flux of the motor is reduced under the existing motor design scheme, and the efficiency of the motor is greatly reduced under the condition of equivalent cost. In order to apply the rare earth magnet containing cerium element, the invention carries out new design on the size of the motor structure according to the mass percentage x% of cerium element in the permanent magnet.
In some embodiments of the invention, the number of stator teeth Q is 9.
In other embodiments of the invention, the number of stator teeth Q is 6.
In some embodiments of the invention, the number of phases m of the stator winding is 3.
It can be understood that the number Q of the stator teeth and the phase number m of the stator winding are limited to satisfy the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3 because the existing motor structure mostly satisfies Q/m less than or equal to 3, and the utilization of the permanent magnet with the cerium content x% of 3-10% can be realized without changing the existing motor structure, so that the use of heavy rare earth resources is reduced, the use range of products is widened, and the motor is suitable for popularization and use.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pole pair number of rotor 100 is P, P.ltoreq.3.
The motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the exciting main magnetic field is generated by a rotor magnet, so that the number of the magnetic pole pairs of the magnetic field is determined by the number of the pairs of the magnet, for example, a 3-pole pair magnet, and a 3-pole pair magnetic field is generated.
The pole pair number of a permanent magnet motor refers to how many pairs N, S of poles are in the rotor or stator. The number of poles is N, S total poles. Pole pair = pole number/2, so 6 poles are 3 pairs.
The permanent magnet rotor rotates for one circle, the counter potential is observed, and the number of cycles is the number of pole pairs. The motor pole pairs are different and the rotating speeds are also different.
The torque of the motor is generated by the interaction of the magnetic field strength of the magnets in the motor and the magnetic field strength generated by the stator in the current. Excitation of the motor is provided by permanent magnets in the rotor, the remanence B r and width of which determine the magnetic flux that the rotor can provide. The number of pole pairs of the rotor is P, the magnetic pole width is b m, and the magnetic flux that the permanent magnet can provide is 2p×b m×Br. Because the rare earth magnet containing cerium element is adopted, the value of B r is correspondingly reduced, and the excitation of the permanent magnet is integrally reduced. In the motor, the permanent magnet is a magnet containing cerium element, and when the corresponding pole pair number P is matched, the cost is lower and the motor has better cost performance when the corresponding pole pair numbers B r and H cj are reached.
In the motor of the present invention, the pole width b m is defined to satisfy the relationship: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
Table 1 shows the corresponding 3040/(165-x) change value when the magnetic pole width B m of the rotor is 20, the cerium element content x% in the permanent magnet changes from 0% to 13%, and actually when the cerium element content x% exceeds 10%, the B r value drops greatly, the motor excitation magnetic field is too small, the motor efficiency is poor, and the energy efficiency requirement cannot be met.
It should be noted that, the width of the magnetic pole of the rotor is b m, and when each magnetic pole is composed of two permanent magnets, b m is the sum of the actual widths of the two permanent magnets.
The stator winding components are concentrated windings and distributed windings. Concentrated windings refer to windings in which the coil is wound around one stator tooth. Distributed winding refers to windings in which a coil is wound around a plurality of stator teeth. Specifically, the concentrated winding has a span of 1, such as slot one to slot two; whereas the distributed winding spans a different distance from 1, such as 3, the winding extends from slot one to slot four. The "slot" herein designates a region formed between the stator teeth and the stator teeth. In addition, the concentrated winding has small end height and low cost; the distributed windings are relatively larger in end height and more costly, but the motor is less noisy to operate.
The permanent magnet in the motor of the present invention is also commercially available. Specifically, in the permanent magnets of table 1, except for the content of cerium element as shown in table 1, the sum of the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements was 25wt%, the content of dysprosium was 2.25wt%, the content of cobalt was 1.5wt%, and the remaining elements were iron. In commercial permanent magnets without cerium, the elemental content is generally: the sum of praseodymium and neodymium is 30wt%, dysprosium is 2.25wt%, cobalt is 1.5wt%, and the rest is mainly Fe, and possibly a small amount of trace elements.
Table 1 law of variation 3040/(165-x)
| bm | x | 3040/(165-x) | bm | x | 3040/(165-x) |
| 20.0 | 0 | 18.42 | 20.0 | 7 | 19.24 |
| 20.0 | 1 | 18.54 | 20.0 | 8 | 19.36 |
| 20.0 | 2 | 18.65 | 20.0 | 9 | 19.49 |
| 20.0 | 3 | 18.77 | 20.0 | 10 | 19.61 |
| 20.0 | 4 | 18.88 | 20.0 | 11 | 19.74 |
| 20.0 | 5 | 19 | 20.0 | 12 | 19.87 |
| 20.0 | 6 | 19.12 | 20.0 | 13 | 20 |
Further, when the content x% of cerium element in the permanent magnet is changed from 0% to 15%, the residual magnetism B r, the motor efficiency and the cost of the permanent magnet are compared. The results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from table 2, the higher the addition ratio of cerium element in the permanent magnet, the more the residual magnetism B r of the permanent magnet decreases. In the permanent magnet of the motor, the mass percentage of the cerium element x% is 3-10%. When the mass percentage x% of the cerium element is 3% or less and x% or less and 10% or less, the optimal motor efficiency and motor cost performance can be achieved.
The motor efficiency is an efficiency measured under rated voltage, frequency and load conditions, specifically, the voltage is 220V, the rotation speed is 3600r/min, and the torque is 1.75n·m.
TABLE 2 relation of mass percent x% of cerium element to permanent magnet remanence, motor efficiency and motor cost
| x/％ | Permanent magnet remanence B r | Motor efficiency/% | Cost per unit of motor |
| 0.0 | 1.35 | 92.5 | 75.0 |
| 5.0 | 1.32 | 92.4 | 70.0 |
| 10.0 | 1.28 | 92.2 | 65.0 |
| 15.0 | 1.20 | 91.0 | 60.0 |
As described above, in some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the magnetic pole of the rotor is b m, and the magnetic pole width b m satisfies the relationship: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x). Table 3 shows the relationship between the remanence B r and 3040/(165-x) and the motor efficiency when the mass percentage x% of the cerium element is changed from 0 to 15% at B m of 20 mm.
TABLE 3 relation of content variation of cerium element with motor efficiency and 3040/(165-x)
As can be seen from Table 3, when the mass percentage x% of cerium element is more than 10%, 3040/(165-x) is more than 20, the magnet performance is seriously degraded, the motor efficiency is low, and the use requirement cannot be satisfied. Therefore, the mass percentage x% of cerium element in the permanent magnet adopted by the motor disclosed by the invention is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10% and at the same time, the limit b m is more than or equal to 3040/(165-x) for the motor structure.
It should be noted that, the data of the magnet performance B r is provided by the post-manufacture test of the magnet manufacturer, and is not repeated herein because it is an industry general test method. B r is the remanent magnetization in T.
The motor efficiency refers to the ratio of the output power to the input power of the motor. For a permanent magnet motor, a motor efficiency increase of 0.5% can be considered as a significant efficiency increase.
The method for testing the motor efficiency comprises the following steps:
Fixing a stator on a stator tool, and fixing a rotor on a corresponding bearing;
Setting test conditions including voltage, rotating speed and torsion points, inputting controller parameters of a corresponding motor, starting a power supply and powering on a frequency converter;
recording data of voltage U, current I, input power Pi, rotating speed N and torque T under corresponding conditions;
The motor efficiency= 6.283 ×n×t/Pi can be automatically calculated by the test apparatus.
As described above, the torque of the motor is generated by the interaction of the magnetic field strength of the magnets in the motor and the magnetic field strength generated by the stator in the current. Excitation of the motor is provided by permanent magnets in the rotor, the remanence B r and width of which determine the magnetic flux that the rotor can provide. The number of pole pairs of the rotor is P, the magnetic pole width is b m, and the magnetic flux that the permanent magnet can provide is 2p×b m×Br. Because the rare earth magnet containing cerium element is adopted, the value of B r is correspondingly reduced, and the excitation of the permanent magnet is integrally reduced. In the motor, when the magnetic pole width b m meets the relation b m not less than 3040/(165-x), the magnetic performance of the magnet can meet the motor efficiency using requirement.
In some embodiments of the invention, the connection between the coils on each stator tooth within each phase of the stator winding is in series.
It will be appreciated that at the same power level, the series winding is used on a relatively thicker wire diameter motor, enabling higher back emf and improving medium and low frequency motor efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, the stator windings are connected in parallel between the coils on each stator tooth in each phase.
It will also be appreciated that at the same power level, the parallel windings are used on relatively thinner wire diameter motors to reduce back emf appropriately, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the high frequency motor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pole width b m satisfies the relationship: bm is less than or equal to 3900/(165-x).
In some embodiments of the invention, the motor has an efficiency of 91.5% or more.
The efficiency of the motor is more than or equal to 91.5%, and is obtained by testing under the conditions of rated voltage, frequency and load, specifically, the voltage is 220V, the rotating speed is 3600r/min, and the torque is 1.75 N.m.
In some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element in an amount of less than 3wt%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element in an amount of less than 2.3wt%.
In some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element in an amount of about 2.25 wt%.
Dysprosium is a silvery white metal, soft and can be cut with a knife. Dysprosium has chemical activity shared by rare earth elements, can be used as mixed rare earth metal and compound, and has excellent optical, electric, magnetic and nuclear properties. Dysprosium is used as an additive of a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet, and dysprosium accounting for about 2 to 3 weight percent is added into the magnet, so that the coercive force of the magnet can be improved. As the demand for neodymium-iron-boron magnets increases, dysprosium becomes a necessary additive element, and the demand is also rapidly increasing.
In some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium elements, and the sum of the content of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 20 to 32 weight percent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium elements, and the sum of the content of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 25 to 32 weight percent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium elements, and the sum of the content of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 25 weight percent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains cobalt element, and the content of the cobalt element is 1-2 wt%.
The cobalt element contained in the permanent magnet can improve coercive force and magnetic energy product.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of groups of slots 110 are formed on an end surface of a rotor core along a circumferential direction of the rotor core, and each permanent magnet 120 is correspondingly embedded in each slot 110.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slot 110 is V-shaped.
In some embodiments of the invention, the V-shaped opening faces the stator 200.
Because the intrinsic coercivity of the rare earth magnet containing cerium is lower than that of a conventional rare earth magnet, the demagnetization capability of the motor can be reduced by directly applying the rare earth magnet containing cerium, and the slot 110 is V-shaped, so that the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be enhanced, and the demagnetization capability of the motor is not lower than that of the conventional rare earth magnet.
In still other embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a compressor comprising the motor of the present invention.
It will be appreciated that the compressor of the present invention incorporates the motor of the present invention therein, which includes a rotor and a stator.
Wherein:
the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding is wound on each stator tooth, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of cerium element satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The number of stator teeth Q and the number of phases m of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
the width of the magnetic pole of the rotor b m,bm satisfies the relationship: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
In the motor of the compressor, the permanent magnet contains the cerium element with the mass percentage of x percent, so that the use of praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements is reduced, and the cost is effectively controlled. The invention provides a motor, which is developed and designed according to the mass percentage x% of cerium element in a permanent magnet, wherein the number Q of stator teeth and the phase number m of stator windings are smaller than or equal to 3 when the number Q of stator teeth and the phase number m of stator windings meet the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3, and the magnetic pole width B m meets the relation B m more than or equal to 3040/(165-x), so that the efficiency and reliability of the motor can be optimal, and the cost of the motor is lowest. Further, the efficiency of the compressor is higher and the cost is lower.
In still other embodiments of the present invention, a refrigeration apparatus is provided, the refrigeration apparatus including the compressor of the present invention.
It will be appreciated that the refrigeration appliance of the present invention, as a result of the use of the compressor of the present invention, has all of the effects and advantages of the motor and compressor described above. Specifically:
The refrigerating equipment comprises a compressor and a motor, wherein the motor comprises a rotor and a stator. Wherein:
the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding is wound on each stator tooth, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of cerium element satisfies: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The number of stator teeth Q and the number of phases m of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
The width of the magnetic pole of the rotor is b m, and the magnetic pole width b m satisfies the relation: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
In the motor of the refrigeration equipment, the permanent magnet contains the cerium element with the mass percentage of x percent, so that the use of praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements is reduced, and the cost is effectively controlled. The invention provides a motor, which is developed and designed according to the mass percentage x% of cerium element in a permanent magnet, wherein the number Q of stator teeth and the phase number m of stator windings are smaller than or equal to 3 when the number Q of stator teeth and the phase number m of stator windings meet the relation Q/m less than or equal to 3, and the magnetic pole width B m meets the relation B m more than or equal to 3040/(165-x), so that the efficiency and reliability of the motor can be optimal, and the cost of the motor is lowest. Further, the efficiency of the compressor is higher and the cost is lower. Eventually, the performance of the refrigeration equipment is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the refrigeration appliance is an air conditioner.
In some embodiments of the invention, the air conditioner is a home air conditioner.
The invention also discloses a cerium-containing permanent magnet related to the technical scheme of the invention, which is an existing product in the market. According to the content of cerium in the cerium-containing permanent magnet, the invention finally improves the performances of the permanent magnet motor, the compressor and the refrigeration equipment by structural design of the number Q of the stator teeth, the number m of phases of the stator winding and the magnetic pole width b m of the rotor.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the device can be mechanically connected, electrically connected and communicated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (13)
1. An electric machine, comprising a rotor and a stator;
the rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, wherein the permanent magnets contain cerium with the mass percentage of x%;
The stator comprises a stator core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumference, a stator winding is wound on each stator tooth, and the number of phases of the stator winding is m;
The mass percentage x% of the cerium element satisfies the following conditions: x is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 10%;
The number of stator teeth Q and the number of phases m of the stator winding satisfy the relationship: q/m is less than or equal to 3;
The width of the magnetic pole of the rotor b m,bm meets the relation: b m is not less than 3040/(165-x).
2. The electric machine of claim 1 wherein the pole pair number of the rotor is P, P being equal to or less than 3.
3. The electric machine of claim 1 wherein the stator windings are connected in series between the coils on each of the stator teeth in each phase.
4. The electric machine of claim 1 wherein the stator windings are connected in parallel between the coils on each of the stator teeth in each phase.
5. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the pole widths b m satisfy the relationship: b m is less than or equal to 3900/(165-x). According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element, and the content of dysprosium element is less than 3wt%.
6. The electric machine of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element in an amount of less than 2.3wt%.
7. The electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium elements, and the sum of the content of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 20 to 32wt%.
8. The electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the permanent magnet contains cobalt element in an amount of 1 to 2wt%.
9. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of groups of slots are formed in an end face of the rotor core in a circumferential direction of the rotor core, and each of the permanent magnets is correspondingly embedded in each of the slots.
10. The motor of claim 9, wherein the slot is V-shaped.
11. The electric machine of claim 10, wherein the V-shaped opening faces the machine stator.
12. A compressor comprising an electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. A refrigeration device comprising the compressor of claim 12.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211296964.6A CN117955266A (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
| PCT/CN2023/125230 WO2024083155A1 (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2023-10-18 | Motor, compressor, and refrigeration device |
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| CN202211296964.6A CN117955266A (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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| JP2001251825A (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-14 | Hitachi Ltd | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and air conditioner using the same |
| CN106847457A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江大学 | A kind of rare-earth permanent magnet and the method for preparing rare-earth permanent magnet |
| CN111555478B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-06-18 | 安徽美芝精密制造有限公司 | Motor, compressor and refrigeration plant |
| CN111555477B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-09-28 | 安徽美芝精密制造有限公司 | Motor, compressor and refrigeration plant |
| CN114285200A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-05 | 淮安威灵电机制造有限公司 | Rotor of motor and motor |
| CN218387003U (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-01-24 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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