CN218387003U - Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN218387003U CN218387003U CN202222818962.0U CN202222818962U CN218387003U CN 218387003 U CN218387003 U CN 218387003U CN 202222818962 U CN202222818962 U CN 202222818962U CN 218387003 U CN218387003 U CN 218387003U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a permanent-magnet machine, compressor and refrigeration plant. According to the utility model discloses a permanent magnet motor, including electric motor rotor and motor stator, the permanent magnet among the electric motor rotor contains cerium element, the utility model discloses total width b to every utmost point magnet m The number Q of the stator teeth and the number P of the poles are designed, and when the parameters satisfy b m Not less than 16mm and Qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ) The magnetic properties of the magnet satisfyThe efficiency of the motor can reach the optimal using requirement, and the cost of the motor is the lowest. The utility model also provides a compressor and refrigeration plant who contain above-mentioned permanent-magnet machine.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the compressor, concretely relates to permanent-magnet machine, compressor and refrigeration plant.
Background
In the field of household air-conditioning compressors, a constant-speed machine type gradually exits from the market, and a variable-frequency motor becomes a mainstream technology. In order to adapt to the application environment of household air conditioners, most of the permanent magnets of the variable frequency motors are neodymium iron boron permanent magnets containing heavy rare earth elements and having high coercive force. The Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is an intermetallic compound Nd 2 Fe 14 B is based permanent magnetic material, whose main components are neodymium, iron and boron. In order to obtain different properties, some of the neodymium in the permanent magnet may be replaced by other rare earth metals such as dysprosium, praseodymium, etc. With the annual increase of the total amount of the inverter type, the consumed heavy rare earth elements (especially dysprosium and terbium) resources are also increased year by year, and in order to reduce the use of the heavy rare earth elements, a new technology needs to be developed.
Compared with praseodymium and neodymium elements, the cerium element has obvious cost advantage, but compared with the same praseodymium and neodymium elements, the cerium element corresponds to the residual magnetism B of the rare earth magnet r Can be reduced and directly affects the performance of the motor. Therefore, in order to meet the application requirements of the motor performance on the complete machine, the motor structure needs to be improved according to the content of the rare earth element cerium in the permanent magnet.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the above-mentioned technical problem that exists among the prior art at least. Therefore, the utility model provides a permanent magnet motor, this permanent magnet motor designs the motor structure according to cerium element's in the permanent magnet, under the condition that the cost is equivalent, has promoted motor efficiency.
The utility model also provides a contain permanent-magnet machine's compressor.
The utility model also provides a refrigeration plant who contains the compressor.
The utility model discloses a first aspect provides a permanent-magnet machine, include:
the motor rotor comprises a rotor core and a rotorThe number of poles of the motor rotor is more than or equal to 8, 2P is more than or equal to 8, and the total width of each pole of magnet is b m The permanent magnet contains cerium element, and the total width b of each pole of the magnet m ≥16mm；
The motor stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding arranged on the stator core, the stator core is arranged around the outer side of the rotor core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumferential direction, and the tooth width of each stator tooth is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m )。
The utility model discloses a technical scheme among permanent-magnet machine's the technical scheme has following beneficial effect at least:
the utility model discloses a permanent magnet motor, including electric motor rotor and motor stator. The motor rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, the number of poles of the motor rotor is more than or equal to 8, 2P of the magnets of each pole is b m The permanent magnet contains cerium element, and the total width b of each pole of the magnet m Not less than 16mm; the motor stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding arranged on the stator core, the stator core is arranged around the outer side of the rotor core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumferential direction, and the tooth width of each stator tooth is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ). The utility model discloses an among the permanent-magnet machine, contain cerium element in the permanent magnet, from this, reduced praseodymium, neodymium element and heavy rare earth element's use, the effective control cost. The addition of cerium element can cause the remanence B of the magnet r Descend, can satisfy the demand in order to guarantee permanent-magnet machine's efficiency under the condition that the cost is suitable, the utility model provides a permanent-magnet machine, total width b to every utmost point magnet m The number Q of the stator teeth and the number P of the poles are designed in a matching way, when the total width b of each pole magnet m Stator tooth quantity Q and pole number P satisfy the utility model discloses during the relation of injecing, the magnetic property of magnet satisfies motor efficiency operation requirement, and the efficiency of motor can reachTo optimum and at the same time the cost of the motor is minimal.
Excitation of the permanent magnet machine is provided by permanent magnets in the rotor of the machine, the remanence B of which r And the width determines the magnetic flux that the rotor of the machine can provide. The number of pole pairs of the motor is P, n magnets are arranged in each slot, and the total width of the n magnets is the total width b of each pole magnet m The permanent magnet can provide a magnetic flux of 2P × b m ×B r . Due to the use of rare earth magnets containing cerium, B r The value is correspondingly reduced, the excitation of the permanent magnet is reduced as a whole, when b m When the diameter is more than or equal to 16mm, the magnetic performance of the magnet can meet the use requirement of the motor efficiency. In addition, magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet passes through an air gap between a motor stator and a motor rotor, stator teeth and a stator yoke part and then reaches the stator teeth, the air gap and the permanent magnet to form a whole closed magnetic line of force. Wherein the width b of the stator teeth t The magnetic density of the tooth part is not too large, otherwise, the magnetic density of the tooth part is too small, and the performance is not favorably exerted; b t The magnetic flux density of the tooth part is too high, so that the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. The utility model discloses discover and verify through simulation analysis, satisfy the relational expression when each parameter: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ) Under the condition of equivalent cost, the efficiency of the motor can reach the optimal level.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the total width b of each pole of magnet m ≤21mm。
b m For the total width of each pole magnet, when each pole magnet is composed of two permanent magnets, b m I.e. the sum of the widths of the two permanent magnets. Due to b m The size of the magnetic field directly determines the size of the excitation magnetic field of the motor, the magnetic field of the motor is designed to be overlarge, the magnetic circuit is easy to saturate, and the efficiency of the motor tends to the maximum value; meanwhile, when the magnetic field of the motor is too small, the torque coefficient of the motor is smaller, the running current of the motor is increased under the same load, the copper loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is greatly reduced. When b is m When the diameter is less than or equal to 21mm, the cost performance of the motor is optimal. When b is m When the width of the magnet is larger than or equal to 21mm, the increase range of the motor efficiency along with the width of the magnet is not obvious; when b is m When the diameter is less than or equal to 16mm, the motorThe efficiency drops significantly.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains cerium element in an amount of x%, where x% satisfies: 3 percent to x percent to 10 percent.
The more cerium content in the magnet, the more remanence B r The smaller the value, actually when the cerium content x% exceeds 10% by mass, B r The value is greatly reduced, the excitation magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor is too small, the motor efficiency is poor, and when the permanent magnet motor is applied to a compressor, the energy efficiency requirement of the compressor cannot be met. Therefore, in the utility model, the mass percentage content of the cerium element in the permanent magnet is 3-10% in a proper range.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the total width b of each pole magnet m ≥2200/(150-x)。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of stator teeth Q, the tooth width b t And the total width of each pole magnet satisfies the following relationship: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.36-x/100≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m )。
According to the utility model discloses a some embodiments, stator tooth quantity Q satisfies: q is more than or equal to 12.
The number Q of the stator teeth is more than or equal to 12, and the number of the phases of the stator winding is 3. In this design, the number of phases of the stator winding is specifically designed to be 3, which is suitable for the motor required by most compressor products. And through making stator tooth quantity Q be more than or equal to 12, can effectively reduce the number of turns of the stator winding of establishing ties on every stator tooth to effectively reduce the produced reverse magnetic field intensity of demagnetization of stator winding circular telegram, make this demagnetization reverse magnetic field be not enough to make the permanent magnet demagnetization, improve the holistic anti demagnetization ability of motor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the tooth width b of the stator teeth t Satisfies the following conditions: b is not less than 5mm t ≤9mm。
Width b of stator teeth t Can not be too large, if the size is too large, the area of a stator slot is smaller, the copper wire gauge is smaller under the same number of turns of the motor, the copper loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the magnetic density of a tooth part is too small,the performance is not facilitated; bt can not be too small, if too small, the same rotor magnetic flux flows through the stator tooth part, the magnetic density of the stator tooth part is higher, the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and meanwhile, the magnetic density of the tooth part is too high, so that the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. Therefore, in order to balance the iron loss and the copper loss of the motor, b is more than or equal to 5mm t The proper range is less than or equal to 9 mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, dysprosium is contained in the permanent magnet in an amount less than 3 wt.%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, dysprosium is contained in the permanent magnet in an amount less than 2.3 wt.%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element in an amount of about 2.25 wt%.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium, and the sum of the contents of the praseodymium and neodymium is 20wt% to 32wt%.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, there is praseodymium and neodymium in the permanent magnet, and the sum of the contents of the praseodymium and neodymium is 25wt% to 32wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, there is praseodymium and neodymium in the permanent magnet, and the sum of the contents of the praseodymium and neodymium elements is 25wt%.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains cobalt element, and the content of cobalt element is 1wt% to 2wt%.
According to the utility model discloses a few embodiments, follow on rotor core's the terminal surface rotor core's circumference is seted up multiunit slot, every the permanent magnet correspondence is inlayed and is located every in the slot.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the slot is V-shaped.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the opening of the V-shape faces the motor stator.
Because the intrinsic coercivity of the rare earth magnet containing cerium is lower than that of the conventional rare earth magnet, the demagnetization capability of the motor can be reduced by directly applying the rare earth magnet containing cerium, and the slots are V-shaped, so that the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be enhanced, and the demagnetization capability of the motor is not lower than that of the conventional rare earth magnet.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stator windings are distributed on different stator teeth in each phase of the stator winding in series or in parallel with each other.
Under the same power level, the series winding is used on a relatively thicker wire diameter motor, so that higher back electromotive force can be realized, and the efficiency of the medium-low frequency motor is improved.
Under the same power level, the parallel winding is used on a relatively thinner wire diameter motor, so that the counter electromotive force can be properly reduced, and the efficiency of the high-frequency motor is favorably improved.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a compressor, comprising a permanent magnet motor.
The utility model discloses a technical scheme among the technical scheme of compressor has following beneficial effect at least:
the utility model discloses the compressor, wherein contain permanent-magnet machine, this permanent-magnet machine includes electric motor rotor and motor stator. The motor rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, the number of poles of the motor rotor is more than or equal to 8, 2P (power) of each pole of magnet is b m The permanent magnet contains cerium element, b m Not less than 16mm; the motor stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding arranged on the stator core, the stator core is arranged around the outer side of the rotor core, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumferential direction, and the tooth width of each stator tooth is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ). The utility model discloses an among the permanent-magnet machine, contain cerium element in the permanent magnet, from this, reduced praseodymium, neodymium element and heavy rare earth element's use, the effective control cost. The addition of cerium element can cause the remanence B of the magnet r Decrease, in order to ensure permanence under conditions of comparable costThe efficiency of magnetor can satisfy the demand, the utility model provides a permanent-magnet machine, according to cerium element's in the permanent magnet content, total width b to every utmost point magnet m The number Q of the stator teeth and the number P of the poles are designed in a matching way, when the total width b of each pole magnet m Stator tooth quantity Q and pole number P satisfy the utility model discloses during the relation of injecing, the magnetic property of magnet satisfies the motor efficiency operation requirement, and the efficiency of motor can reach the optimum, and motor cost is minimum simultaneously.
The utility model discloses compressor, permanent-magnet machine's excitation is provided by the permanent magnet among the electric motor rotor, and the remanence B of permanent magnet r And the width determines the flux that the rotor of the machine can provide. The number of pole pairs of the motor is P, n magnets are arranged in each slot, and the total width of the n magnets is the total width b of each pole magnet m The magnetic flux that the permanent magnet can provide is 2P x b m ×B r . Due to the use of rare earth magnets containing cerium, B r The value is correspondingly reduced, the excitation of the permanent magnet is reduced as a whole, when b m When the diameter is more than or equal to 16mm, the magnetic performance of the magnet can meet the use requirement of the motor efficiency. In addition, magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet passes through an air gap between the motor stator and the motor rotor, the stator teeth and the stator yoke part and then reaches the stator teeth, the air gap and the permanent magnet to form a whole closed magnetic line of force. Wherein the width b of the stator teeth t The magnetic density of the tooth part is not too large, otherwise, the magnetic density of the tooth part is too small, and the performance is not favorably exerted; b t The magnetic density of the tooth part is too high, so that the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. The utility model discloses discover and verify through simulation analysis, satisfy the relational expression when each parameter: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ) Under the condition of equivalent cost, the efficiency of the motor can reach the optimal level. Furthermore, the efficiency of the compressor can be optimized at a considerable cost.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a refrigeration apparatus, comprising the compressor.
The utility model discloses a technical scheme among refrigeration plant's technical scheme has following beneficial effect at least:
the utility model discloses a refrigeration plant, owing to used the utility model discloses a compressor from this, has all effects and the advantage of above-mentioned permanent-magnet machine and compressor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the refrigeration device is an air conditioner.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the permanent magnet motor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial schematic view of a slot and permanent magnet in a permanent magnet machine.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the addition of cerium and the decrease in remanence of a magnet.
Fig. 4 is a graph of motor efficiency versus relationship.
Reference numerals:
100: motor rotor, 110: slot, 120: a permanent magnet;
200: motor stator, 210: stator yoke, 220: stator teeth;
300: an air gap.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that, in case of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a permanent magnet motor including a motor rotor 100 and a motor stator 200. Wherein:
the motor rotor 100 comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets 120 arranged on the rotor core, the number of poles 2P of the motor rotor 100 is more than or equal to 8, and the total width of each pole of magnet is b m The permanent magnet 120 containsCerium element, total width b of magnet per pole m ≥16mm；
The motor stator 200 includes a stator core and a stator winding (not shown) wound on the stator core, the stator core is disposed around the rotor core, the stator core is provided with Q stator teeth 220 along the inner circumference, the tooth width of the stator teeth 220 is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m )。
It can be understood that the permanent magnet motor of the present invention includes a motor rotor 100 and a motor stator 200. Wherein, the motor rotor 100 comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets 120 arranged on the rotor core, the number of poles 2P of the motor rotor 100 is more than or equal to 8, and the total width of each pole of magnet is b m The permanent magnet 120 contains cerium element, and the total width b of each pole magnet m Not less than 16mm; motor stator 200 includes stator core and the stator winding of locating on stator core, and stator core encloses the outside of locating rotor core, and stator core is equipped with Q stator tooth 220 along interior circumferencial direction, and the tooth width of stator tooth 220 is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ). The utility model discloses an among the permanent-magnet machine, contain cerium among the permanent magnet 120, from this, reduced the use to praseodymium, neodymium element and heavy rare earth element, the effective control cost. The addition of cerium can cause the remanence B of the magnet r Descend, can satisfy the demand in order to guarantee permanent-magnet machine's efficiency under the condition that the cost is equivalent, the utility model discloses according to the content of cerium element in the permanent magnet, to the total width b of every utmost point magnet m The number Q of the stator teeth 220 and the number P of the poles are newly designed when the total width b of the magnet of each pole is m Stator tooth 220 quantity Q and number of poles P satisfy the utility model discloses during the relation of injecing, the magnetic property of magnet satisfies motor efficiency operation requirement, and the efficiency of motor can reach the optimum, and motor cost is minimum simultaneously.
It will also be appreciated that excitation of the permanent magnet machine is provided by permanent magnets 120 in machine rotor 100, the remanence B of permanent magnets 120 r And the width determines the magnetic flux that motor rotor 100 can provide. The number of pole pairs of the motor is P, and each slotN pieces of magnets are arranged in the magnet, and the total width of the n pieces of magnets is the total width b of each pole of magnet m The permanent magnet 120 can provide a magnetic flux of 2P × b m ×B r . Due to the use of rare earth magnets containing cerium, B r The value decreases accordingly, the excitation of the permanent magnet 120 decreases as a whole, when b m When the diameter is more than or equal to 16mm, the magnetic performance of the permanent magnet 120 can meet the use requirement of the motor efficiency. In addition, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 120 forms a whole closed magnetic line after passing through the air gap 300 between the motor stator 200 and the motor rotor 100, the stator teeth 220 and the stator yoke 210 and then to the stator teeth 220, the air gap 300 and the permanent magnet 120. Wherein the width b of stator teeth 220 t The magnetic density of the tooth part is not too large, otherwise, the magnetic density of the tooth part is too small, and the performance is not favorably exerted; b is a mixture of t The magnetic density of the tooth part is too high, so that the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. The utility model discloses discover and verify through simulation analysis, satisfy the relational expression when each parameter: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ) Under the condition of equivalent cost, the efficiency of the motor can reach the optimal level.
In order to reduce the dependence on praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earth elements, the utility model discloses a permanent magnet that contains cerium, the addition of cerium can lead to magnet remanence to descend, and remanence descends and refers to as shown in figure 3. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that cerium elements with different mass percentages in different permanent magnets correspond to the remanence B of the permanent magnet r The magnitude of the drop. Because the remanence of the magnet is reduced, under the existing motor design scheme, the magnetic flux of the motor is reduced, and the efficiency reduction range of the motor is larger under the condition of equivalent cost. In order to use the rare earth magnet containing cerium, the utility model discloses according to cerium's content in the permanent magnet, carried out new design to motor structure size.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the total width b of each pole magnet m Satisfies the following conditions: b m ≤21mm。
b m For the total width of each pole magnet, when each pole magnet is composed of two permanent magnets, b m I.e. the sum of the widths of the two permanent magnets. Due to b m Directly determines the excitation of the motorThe magnetic field size, the motor magnetic field design is too big, the magnetic circuit is easy to saturate, and the motor efficiency tends to the maximum value; meanwhile, when the magnetic field of the motor is too small, the torque coefficient of the motor is smaller, the running current of the motor is increased under the same load, the copper loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is greatly reduced. When b is more than or equal to 15mm m When the diameter is less than or equal to 21mm, the cost performance of the motor is optimal. When b is m When the width of the magnet is more than or equal to 21mm, the motor efficiency is not obvious along with the increase of the width of the magnet; when b is m When the diameter is less than or equal to 15mm, the efficiency of the motor is obviously reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains x% cerium by mass, where x% satisfies: x is between 3 and 10 percent.
The more cerium content in the magnet, the more remanence B r The smaller the value, actually when the cerium content x% exceeds 10% by mass, B r The value is greatly reduced, the excitation magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor is too small, the motor efficiency is poor, and when the permanent magnet motor is applied to a compressor, the energy efficiency requirement of the compressor cannot be met. Therefore, in the utility model, the mass percentage content of the cerium element in the permanent magnet is 3-10% in a proper range.
In some embodiments of the invention, the total width b of each pole of magnet m Satisfies the following relationship: b is a mixture of m ≥2200/(150-x)。
In some embodiments of the present invention, the number Q of stator teeth and the tooth width b t And the total width of each pole magnet satisfies the following relationship: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.36-x/100≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m )。
Table 1 shows that m At 16mm, the change value of 2200/(150-x) is corresponding to the change of the cerium mass percent content x% from 0 to 13%.
TABLE 1 Change values of 2200/(150-x)
| b m /mm | x/％ | 2200/(150-x) | b m /mm | x/％ | 2200/(150-x) |
| 16 | 0 | 14.67 | 16 | 7 | 15.38 |
| 16 | 1 | 14.77 | 16 | 8 | 15.49 |
| 16 | 2 | 14.86 | 16 | 9 | 15.6 |
| 16 | 3 | 14.97 | 16 | 10 | 15.71 |
| 16 | 4 | 15.07 | 16 | 11 | 15.83 |
| 16 | 5 | 15.17 | 16 | 12 | 15.94 |
| 16 | 6 | 15.28 | 16 | 13 | 16.06 |
Table 2 shows b m Varying from 13mm to 24mm, field flux in the motor, motor efficiency and motor cost.
TABLE 2b m With excitation flux and machine efficiency, cost
| b m /mm | Excitation flux/mWb | Motor efficiency/%) | Cost/cost of motor |
| 13.0 | 235 | 91.3 | 60.0 |
| 15.0 | 271 | 92.0 | 64.0 |
| 18.0 | 325 | 92.3 | 68.0 |
| 21.0 | 379 | 92.8 | 72.0 |
| 24.0 | 433 | 92.9 | 76.0 |
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium, and the content of dysprosium is less than 3wt%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium, and the content of dysprosium is less than 2.3wt%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains dysprosium element in an amount of about 2.25 wt%.
Dysprosium is a silvery white metal, soft and can be cut open with a knife. Dysprosium has excellent optical, electrical, magnetic and nuclear properties besides possessing the chemical activity common to rare earth elements and being useful as mischmetal and compounds. Dysprosium is used as an additive for neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets, and the coercive force of the magnet can be improved by adding about 2 to 3wt% of dysprosium to the magnet. With the increasing demand of neodymium iron boron magnets, dysprosium becomes an essential additive element, and the demand is also increasing rapidly.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium, and the sum of the contents of praseodymium and neodymium is 20wt% to 32wt%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium, and the sum of the contents of praseodymium and neodymium is 25wt% to 32wt%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains praseodymium and neodymium, and the sum of the contents of praseodymium and neodymium is 25wt%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet contains cobalt element, and the content of cobalt element is 1wt% to 2wt%.
The cobalt element contained in the permanent magnet can improve the coercive force and the magnetic energy product.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of slots 110 are formed on the end surface of the rotor core along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and each permanent magnet 120 is correspondingly embedded in each slot 110.
In some embodiments of the present invention, slot 110 is V-shaped.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the opening of the V-shape faces the motor stator 200.
Because the intrinsic coercivity of the rare earth magnet containing cerium is lower than that of the conventional rare earth magnet, the demagnetization capability of the motor can be reduced by directly applying the rare earth magnet containing cerium, and the slot 110 is V-shaped, so that the demagnetization resistance of the motor can be enhanced, and the demagnetization capability of the motor is not lower than that of the conventional rare earth magnet.
It should be noted that the stator winding is divided into a concentrated winding and a distributed winding. Concentrated winding means a winding in which a coil is wound around one stator tooth. Distributed winding means a winding in which a coil is wound around a plurality of stator teeth. Specifically, the concentrated winding has a span of 1, such as slot number one to slot number two; and the distributed winding has a span different from 1, such as a span of 3, and the winding is from slot number one to slot number four. The "slot" herein refers to a region formed between the stator teeth. In addition, the end part of the concentrated winding is small in height and low in cost; the distributed winding has a relatively larger end height and higher cost, but the motor operates with less noise.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the stator windings distributed on different stator teeth are connected in series or in parallel with each other in each phase of the stator winding.
It can be understood that under the same power level, the series winding is used on a relatively thicker wire diameter motor, so that higher back electromotive force can be realized, and the efficiency of the medium-low frequency motor is improved.
It can be understood that under the same power level, the parallel winding is used on a relatively thinner wire diameter motor, so that the back electromotive force can be properly reduced, and the efficiency of the high-frequency motor can be improved.
In order to facilitate understanding the technical scheme of the utility model, compared the utility model discloses a permanent-magnet machine and conventional permanent-magnet machine's motor cost and motor efficiency, the result is as shown in table 3 and fig. 4. In the permanent magnet of the permanent magnet motor, the content of praseodymium and neodymium elements is 25wt%, the content of cerium elements is 10wt%, the content of dysprosium is 2.25wt%, the content of cobalt is 1.5wt%, and the rest elements are iron.
In table 3, the permanent magnet in the motor used by the motor of the present invention is the same as that in the conventional motor 1 and that in the conventional motor 2, the difference lies in b in the structural design t And b m The values are different.
It should be noted that the permanent magnets in the motor of the present invention, the conventional motor 1 and the conventional motor 2 can be directly purchased from the market.
TABLE 3 cost and efficiency comparison of permanent magnet motor and conventional permanent magnet motor
In table 3, the utility model discloses Qxb of motor t /(P×b m ) Is 1.16,1.36-x is 1.26, and satisfies Qxb defined by the present invention t /(P×b m ) Less than or equal to 1.36-x/100, the cost of the motor is relative to the cost of the conventional motors 1 and 2, but the efficiency of the motor is obviously improved.
Q x b of conventional motor 1 t /(P×b m ) A value of 1.34,1.36-x/100 of 1.26, does not satisfy Qxb defined by the present invention t /(P×b m )≤1.36-x/100。
Q x b of conventional motor 2 t /(P×b m ) A value of 1.30,1.36-x/100 of 1.26, and also does not satisfy Qxb defined by the present invention t /(P×b m )≤1.36-x/100。
It should be noted that the motor efficiency refers to a ratio of output power to input power of the motor. For a permanent magnet motor, a 0.5% improvement in motor efficiency is considered an obvious improvement in efficiency.
Note that "motor cost" in table 3 refers to the total cost of the motor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the number Q of stator teeth satisfies: q is more than or equal to 12.
The number Q of the stator teeth is more than or equal to 12, and the number of the phases of the stator winding is 3. In this design, the number of phases of the stator winding is specifically designed to be 3, which is suitable for the motor required by most compressor products. And through making stator tooth quantity Q be more than or equal to 12, can effectively reduce the number of turns of the stator winding of establishing ties on every stator tooth to effectively reduce the produced reverse magnetic field intensity of demagnetization of stator winding circular telegram, make this demagnetization reverse magnetic field be not enough to make the permanent magnet demagnetization, improve the holistic anti demagnetization ability of motor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the tooth width b of the stator teeth t Satisfies the following conditions: b is not less than 5mm t ≤9mm。
Width b of stator teeth t The stator slot area is smaller if the stator slot area is too large, the copper wire gauge is smaller under the same number of turns of the motor, the copper loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the magnetic density of the tooth part is too small, so that the performance is not favorably exerted; b t And if the magnetic flux density of the tooth part is too high, the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. Therefore, in order to balance the iron loss and the copper loss of the motor, b is more than or equal to 5mm t The proper range is less than or equal to 9 mm.
In some other embodiments of the present invention, the present invention provides a compressor, which comprises the permanent magnet motor of the present invention. The permanent magnet motor comprises a motor rotor and a motor stator. Wherein, the motor rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, the number of poles of the motor rotor is more than or equal to 8 due to 2P, and the total width of each pole of magnet is b m The permanent magnet contains cerium element, b m Not less than 16mm; the motor stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding wound on the stator core, the stator core is arranged on the outer side of the rotor core in a surrounding mode, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumferential direction, and the tooth width of each stator tooth is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ). The utility model discloses an among the permanent-magnet machine, contain cerium element in the permanent magnet, from this, reduced praseodymium, neodymium element and heavy rare earth element's use, the effective control cost. The addition of cerium element can cause the remanence B of the magnet r Reducing the total width b of the magnet according to the content x of cerium element in the permanent magnet in order to ensure that the efficiency of the permanent magnet motor can meet the requirement under the condition of equivalent cost m The number Q of the stator teeth and the number P of the poles are designed in a matching way when the total width b of the magnet is m Stator tooth quantity Q and number of poles P satisfy the utility model discloses during the relation of injecing, the magnetic property of magnet satisfies motor efficiency operation requirement, and the efficiency of motor can reach the optimum, and motor cost is minimum simultaneously.
It will be appreciated that excitation of the permanent magnet machine is provided by permanent magnets in the rotor of the machine, the remanence of which, B r And the width determines the magnetic flux that the rotor of the machine can provide. The number of pole pairs of the motor is P, n magnets are arranged in each slot, and the total width of the n magnets is the total width b of each pole magnet m Then the permanent magnet can liftThe supplied magnetic flux is 2P x b m ×B r . Due to the use of rare earth magnets containing cerium, B r The value is correspondingly reduced, the excitation of the permanent magnet is reduced as a whole, when b m When the diameter is more than or equal to 16mm, the magnetic performance of the magnet can meet the use requirement of the motor efficiency. In addition, magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet passes through an air gap between a motor stator and a motor rotor, stator teeth and a stator yoke part and then reaches the stator teeth, the air gap and the permanent magnet to form a whole closed magnetic line of force. Wherein the width b of the stator teeth t The magnetic density of the tooth part is not too large, otherwise, the magnetic density of the tooth part is too small, and the performance is not favorably exerted; b is a mixture of t The magnetic flux density of the tooth part is too high, so that the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. The utility model discloses discover and verify through simulation analysis, satisfy the relational expression when each parameter: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ) Under the condition of equivalent cost, the efficiency of the motor can reach the optimal level. Furthermore, the efficiency of the compressor can be optimized at a considerable cost.
In still other embodiments of the present invention, a refrigeration apparatus is provided, the refrigeration apparatus including a compressor.
It is easy to understand, the utility model discloses a refrigeration plant owing to used the utility model discloses a compressor from this, has all effects and the advantage of above-mentioned permanent-magnet machine and compressor. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the utility model discloses a compressor among the refrigeration plant contains the utility model discloses a permanent-magnet machine, this permanent-magnet machine include electric motor rotor and motor stator. Wherein, the motor rotor comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core, the number of poles of the motor rotor is more than or equal to 8 due to 2P, and the total width of each pole of magnet is b m The permanent magnet contains cerium element, b m Not less than 16mm; the motor stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding wound on the stator core, the stator core is arranged on the outer side of the rotor core in a surrounding manner, Q stator teeth are arranged on the stator core along the inner circumferential direction, and the tooth width of each stator tooth is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ). The utility model discloses a permanent magnetism electricityIn the machine, the permanent magnet contains cerium, so that the use of praseodymium and neodymium elements and heavy rare earth elements is reduced, and the cost is effectively controlled. The addition of cerium can cause the remanence B of the magnet r Descend, can satisfy the demand in order to guarantee permanent-magnet machine's efficiency under the condition that the cost is equivalent, the utility model provides a permanent-magnet machine, according to cerium element's mass percent x% in the permanent magnet, total width b to every utmost point magnet m The number Q of the stator teeth and the number P of the poles are designed in a matching way, and when the total width b of each pole of the magnet is equal to m Stator tooth quantity Q and pole number P satisfy the utility model discloses during the relation of injecing, the magnetic property of magnet satisfies the motor efficiency operation requirement, and the efficiency of motor can reach the optimum, and motor cost is minimum simultaneously.
The utility model discloses an among the refrigeration plant, permanent-magnet machine's excitation is provided by the permanent magnet among the electric motor rotor, and the remanence B of permanent magnet r And the width determines the magnetic flux that the rotor of the machine can provide. The number of pole pairs of the motor is P, n magnets are arranged in each slot, and the total width of the n magnets is the total width b of each pole magnet m The magnetic flux that the permanent magnet can provide is 2P x b m ×B r . Due to the use of rare earth magnets containing cerium, B r The value is correspondingly reduced, the excitation of the permanent magnet is reduced as a whole, when b m When the diameter is more than or equal to 16mm, the magnetic performance of the magnet can meet the use requirement of the motor efficiency. In addition, magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet passes through an air gap between the motor stator and the motor rotor, the stator teeth and the stator yoke part and then reaches the stator teeth, the air gap and the permanent magnet to form a whole closed magnetic line of force. Wherein the width b of the stator teeth t The magnetic density of the tooth part is not too large, otherwise, the magnetic density of the tooth part is too small, and the performance is not favorably exerted; b is a mixture of t The magnetic flux density of the tooth part is too high, so that the iron loss of the motor is obviously increased, and the efficiency of the motor is reduced. The utility model discloses discover and verify through simulation analysis, satisfy the relational expression when each parameter: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m ) Under the condition of equivalent cost, the efficiency of the motor can reach the optimal level. Furthermore, at a considerable cost, the efficiency of the compressor can reach an optimum level, and finally, the refrigeration plantThe efficiency of (2) is also improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the refrigeration device is an air conditioner.
In the air conditioner, the overall performance of the air conditioner is improved by arranging the compressor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the air conditioner is a household air conditioner.
It should be further noted that the cerium-containing permanent magnet related to the technical scheme of the present invention is an existing product in the market. The utility model discloses a according to the content of cerium element in the cerium-containing permanent magnet, through total width b to every utmost point magnet m The number Q of the stator teeth and the tooth width b of the stator teeth t And the pole number P is designed, so that the performances of the permanent magnet motor, the compressor and the refrigeration equipment are improved finally. That is, the technical solution of the present invention does not relate to the improvement of the content of cerium and other elements in the permanent magnet.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (12)
1. A permanent magnet electric machine, comprising:
the motor rotor (100) comprises a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets (120) arranged on the rotor core, the number of poles 2P of the motor rotor (100) is more than or equal to 8, and the total width of each pole of magnet is b m The permanent magnet (120) contains cerium element, and the total width b of each pole of the magnet m ≥16mm；
Motor stator (200) includes stator core and around locating stator winding on the stator core, stator core encloses to be located rotor core's the outside, stator core is equipped with Q stator tooth (220) along interior week, the tooth width of stator tooth (220) is b t The relationship satisfies: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.26≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m )。
2. The permanent magnet electric machine of claim 1 wherein the total width b of each pole magnet m ≤21mm。
3. The permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet (120) contains x% cerium by mass, said x% satisfying: x is between 3 and 10 percent.
4. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the total width b of the magnets of each pole m Satisfies the following relationship: b m ≥2200/(150-x)。
5. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the number Q of stator teeth (220) and the tooth width b are t And the total width of each pole magnet satisfies the following relationship: qxb t /(P×b m )≤1.36-x/100≤5×Q×b t /(4×P×b m )。
6. The permanent magnet electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the number Q of stator teeth (220) is such that: q is more than or equal to 12.
7. A permanent magnet machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tooth width b of the stator teeth (220) is such that t Satisfies the following conditions: b is not less than 5mm t ≤9mm。
8. The permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of groups of slots (110) are formed in the end surface of the rotor core along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and each permanent magnet (120) is correspondingly embedded in each slot (110).
9. The permanent magnet electrical machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the slot (110) is V-shaped.
10. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator winding is formed by connecting coils of the stator teeth (220) in each phase in series or in parallel with each other.
11. A compressor, characterized in that it comprises a permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. A refrigeration appliance, characterized in that it comprises a compressor according to claim 11.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222818962.0U CN218387003U (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
| PCT/CN2023/124743 WO2024083076A1 (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2023-10-16 | Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigerating device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222818962.0U CN218387003U (en) | 2022-10-21 | 2022-10-21 | Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigeration equipment |
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| CN218387003U true CN218387003U (en) | 2023-01-24 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024083155A1 (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-25 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Motor, compressor, and refrigeration device |
| WO2024083076A1 (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-25 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigerating device |
-
2022
- 2022-10-21 CN CN202222818962.0U patent/CN218387003U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024083155A1 (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-25 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Motor, compressor, and refrigeration device |
| WO2024083076A1 (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-25 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor, compressor and refrigerating device |
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