CN117946476A - 一种改性流延聚丙烯膜及口服液药用包装复合膜 - Google Patents
一种改性流延聚丙烯膜及口服液药用包装复合膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种改性流延聚丙烯膜及口服液药用包装复合膜,属于药品包装技术领域,解决现有的流延聚丙烯膜经高温蒸煮后各项性能大幅度降低,耐高温蒸煮性较差的技术问题;所述改性流延聚丙烯膜包括聚丙烯、马来酸酐和β‑环糊精的接枝聚合物,所述接枝聚合物的界面上吸附有碳化硅,所述碳化硅还包覆在β‑环糊精的桶状空腔结构内,所述的口服液药用包装复合膜包括聚酯层、铝箔层和热封层,所述聚酯层与所述铝箔层之间、所述铝箔层与所述热封层之间均采用粘结剂粘结,所述热封层采用改性流延聚丙烯膜;通过本发明制备的口服液药用包装复合膜具有优异的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐高温蒸煮性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药品包装技术领域,具体涉及一种改性流延聚丙烯膜及口服液药用包装复合膜。
背景技术
目前,医药领域常用的液体药品包装均是硬包装,包括玻璃瓶和复合硬片制成的塑料容器,玻璃瓶存在重量大而且易碎的缺点,而塑料容器一般需要底托作为塑料容器的支撑,在使用时,需要拧开塑料容器的顶部,再进行挤压将液体挤出进行口服,用材多,且使用不方便。
为了提高液体包装使用的便利性,目前有使用复合膜袋来盛装液体药品,这种复合膜一般采用的是多层复合膜,多由外层、阻隔层和热封层,代表性的复合膜有聚酯层PET-铝箔层Al-流延聚丙烯层CPP,各层之间通过粘接剂粘接在一起。
然而流延聚丙烯膜在耐高温蒸煮上还存在一定的缺陷,经高温蒸煮后各项性能会大大降低,为了提高流延聚丙烯膜的耐高温性,现有技术中通常采用加入耐热性外源物质对聚丙烯进行改性,以提高流延聚丙烯膜整体的耐高温性能,但是,由于聚丙烯为非极性分子,耐热性外源物质加入后存在相容性差的问题,导致聚合物结构体系稳定性较差,尤其在高温蒸煮环境下,结构的不稳定性同样导致高温蒸煮后各项性能降低幅度较大。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决现有的流延聚丙烯膜经高温蒸煮后各项性能大幅度降低,耐高温蒸煮性较差的技术问题,目的在于提供一种改性流延聚丙烯膜及口服液药用包装复合膜,具有优异的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐高温蒸煮性能。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现。
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种改性流延聚丙烯膜,所述改性流延聚丙烯膜包括聚丙烯、马来酸酐和β-环糊精的接枝聚合物,所述接枝聚合物的界面上吸附有碳化硅,所述碳化硅还包覆在β-环糊精的桶状空腔结构内。
本发明中,一方面,马来酸酐的双键与聚丙烯分子发生反应,马来酸酐的羰基与环糊精上羟基发生反应,生成聚丙烯-马来酸酐-β-环糊精接枝聚合物,通过接枝改性增强了聚合物分子的交联结构,同时引入的β-环糊精具有桶状的三维立体结构,更进一步增强了大分子链的内聚力,相比于现有的聚丙烯膜,能够有效的提高改性流延聚丙烯膜的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐温性能。另一方面,为提高耐温性,还加入了碳化硅,由于马来酸酐的接枝作用很好的改善了碳化硅与聚丙烯的界面相容性,使碳化硅能够牢固地吸附在接枝聚合物的界面上,且β-环糊精中桶状空腔结构的存在可以将碳化硅包覆在内,进一步使碳化硅稳定存在,从而得到结构和机械性能稳定性高,耐高温蒸煮性能优异的改性流延聚丙烯膜。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述聚丙烯、马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅的质量比为(90~95):(3~6):(5~10):(2~5)。经过实验验证,当聚丙烯、马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅的质量比为90:5:8:3时,制备的改性流延聚丙烯膜的性能最好。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述改性流延聚丙烯膜的厚度为20~60μm。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述改性流延聚丙烯膜通过以下方法制备得到:
将马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅加入到聚丙烯中通过搅拌混合和密炼得到改性流延聚丙烯膜的混合料,将混合料加入到挤出机中,在210~250℃条件下进行熔融,并通过T型模头进行流延,最后经过冷却辊骤冷成膜,得到改性流延聚丙烯膜。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种口服液药用包装复合膜,包括聚酯层、铝箔层和热封层,所述聚酯层与所述铝箔层之间、所述铝箔层与所述热封层之间均采用粘结剂粘结,所述热封层采用所述的改性流延聚丙烯膜。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述粘结剂为水性聚氨酯粘结剂。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述聚酯层与铝箔层之间的粘结剂的涂抹重量为4g/m2~5g/m2,所述铝箔层与所述热封层之间的粘结剂的涂抹重量为7g/m2~8g/m2。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述聚酯层厚度为12~15μm。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述铝箔层的厚度为15μm。
作为本发明进一步的技术方案,所述口服液药用包装复合膜通过以下方法制备得到:
将聚酯层与铝箔层通过粘结剂粘合,干燥得到第一复合膜,再将第一复合膜与热封层通过粘结剂粘合,干燥得到第二复合膜,将干燥后的第二复合膜固化得到口服液药用包装复合膜。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下的优点和有益效果:1.本发明中,马来酸酐的双键与聚丙烯分子发生反应,马来酸酐的羰基与环糊精上羟基发生反应,生成聚丙烯-马来酸酐-β-环糊精接枝聚合物,通过接枝改性增强了聚合物分子的交联结构,同时引入的β-环糊精具有桶状的三维立体结构,更进一步增强了大分子链的内聚力,相比于现有的聚丙烯膜,能够有效的提高改性流延聚丙烯膜的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐温性能。2.本发明中,加入了碳化硅,由于马来酸酐的接枝作用很好的改善了碳化硅与聚丙烯的界面相容性,使碳化硅能够牢固地吸附在接枝聚合物的界面上,且β-环糊精中桶状空腔结构的存在可以将碳化硅包覆在内,进一步使碳化硅稳定存在,从而得到结构和机械性能稳定性高,耐高温蒸煮性能优异的改性流延聚丙烯膜。3.本发明通过改性流延聚丙烯膜与聚酯层、铝箔层粘接形成复合膜,在经过高温处理后热合强度、拉断力、断裂伸长率等下降极低,具有优异的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐高温蒸煮性能。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明,并不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种口服液药用包装复合膜,包括聚酯层、铝箔层和热封层,所述聚酯层与所述铝箔层之间、所述铝箔层与所述热封层之间均采用粘结剂粘结,所述热封层采用改性流延聚丙烯膜。
其中,所述改性流延聚丙烯膜包括聚丙烯、马来酸酐和β-环糊精的接枝聚合物,所述接枝聚合物的界面上吸附有碳化硅,所述碳化硅还包覆在β-环糊精的桶状空腔结构内;其中,所述聚丙烯、马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅的质量比为90:5:8:3,所述改性流延聚丙烯膜的厚度为30μm。
所述改性流延聚丙烯膜通过以下方法制备得到:
将5份马来酸酐、8份β-环糊精和3份碳化硅加入到90份聚丙烯中通过搅拌混合和密炼得到改性流延聚丙烯膜的混合料,然后将改性流延聚丙烯膜的混合料加入到挤出机中,在230℃条件下进行熔融,并通过T型模头进行流延,最后经过冷却辊骤冷成膜,得到改性流延聚丙烯膜。
其中,所述粘结剂为水性聚氨酯粘结剂。本发明采用的水性聚氨酯粘结剂是申请号为202310002115.3,名称为“一种口服液药用复合膜及其制备方法”中实施例1的粘结剂。
其中,所述聚酯层与铝箔层之间的粘结剂的涂抹重量为4g/m2,所述铝箔层与所述热封层之间的粘结剂的涂抹重量为7g/m2;所述聚酯层厚度为12μm;所述铝箔层的厚度为15μm。
本实施例的口服液药用包装复合膜通过以下方法制备得到:
将厚度为12μm的聚酯层PET基材转移至干法复合机放卷处,控制放卷后,进入涂胶工序,在PET基材的里层涂水性聚氨酯粘结剂,粘结剂的涂抹重量为4g/m2,然后复合厚度为15μm的铝箔层,送入干燥箱在45℃下进行干燥,干燥后得到第一复合膜;然后将第一复合膜移至干法复合机放卷处,控制放卷后,进入涂胶工序,在第一复合膜的铝箔层上涂胶,涂胶量控制在7g/m2,然后复合厚度为30μm的改性流延聚丙烯膜,送入干燥箱在45℃下进行干燥,干燥后得到第二复合膜,完成后控制收卷;最后将第二复合膜置于固化室中50℃下固化,得到口服液药用包装复合膜。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于:所述改性流延聚丙烯膜由聚丙烯、马来酸酐、β-环糊精制得,未添加碳化硅。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于:所述改性流延聚丙烯膜由聚丙烯、马来酸酐、碳化硅制得,未添加β-环糊精。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于:所述改性流延聚丙烯膜由聚丙烯和碳化硅制得,未添加马来酸酐和β-环糊精。
对比例:本对比例与实施例1的区别在于,所述热封层采用未改性的流延聚丙烯层。
下面对实施例1~4及对比例制备的口服液药用包装复合膜的各项性能进行测试。
1、测试复合膜的水蒸气透过量:水蒸气透过量是考察口服液药用包装复合膜防潮性的重要指标,通过控制该指标能保证药品的装量差异合格,药品有效成分不挥发。
具体方法为:取复合膜产品适量,置于热封仪,先三边封袋,热合温度150℃~170℃,压力0.2~0.3MPa,时间1秒。使袋子热合成(10±0.5cm)×(5±0.25cm)的三边长方形热封袋。灌入8ml~20ml水,排干气体,热封第四边。按照水蒸气透过量法(YBB00092003)第三法(1)在温度40±2℃,相对湿度25%±5%的条件下,放置14天,计算获得。
2、氧气透过量:氧气透过量是考察口服液药用包装复合膜的重要指标,通过控制该指标确保口服液药用包装复合膜的气体阻隔性,保证药品不发生氧化反应,能有效控制药品质量的稳定。
具体方法为:取复合膜产品,按照气体透过量测定法(YBB00082003-2015)第一法或第二法的规定进行。
3、Al层与PET层剥离强度:Al层与PET层剥离强度考察包装材料在生产过程中是否保证粘合的牢固性和粘合剂涂布的均匀性。
具体方法为:取复合膜产品,按照国家食品药品监督管理局发布的方法标准剥离强度测定法(YBB00102003-2015)的方法检查。
4、热合强度:热合强度考察复合膜、袋在装药后封口处的强度,直接关系到包装材料对所装药品的保护能力的大小。
具体方法为:取复合膜产品,裁取100mm×100mm试片四片,将任意两个试片复合膜面叠合,置热封仪上进行热合(热合温度130℃~160℃,压力0.2~0.3MPa,时间1秒),按热合强度测定法(YBB00122003-2015)进行检测。
5、拉断力:取复合膜产品,按GB/T 1040.3-2006的规定进行,试样长度为150mm,宽度15mm,试验速度为200±20mm/min。
上述性能测试结果如表一所示。
表一、实施例1-4及对比例复合膜的性能测试结果
水蒸气透过量g/(m²·24h) | 氧气透过量cm3/(m²·24h·0.1MPa) | 剥离强度N/15mm(纵向/横向) | 热合强度N/15mm(纵向/横向) | 拉断力N(纵向/横向) | |
实施例1 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 12.7/12.9 | 82.7/83.2 | 119.7/117.4 |
实施例2 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 12.6/11.8 | 72.8/72.1 | 104.5/105.7 |
实施例3 | 0.13 | 0.04 | 12.7/12.4 | 77.7/76.5 | 109.2/110.8 |
实施例4 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 12.6/12.3 | 71.4/71.6 | 98.3/96.7 |
对比例 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 12.7/12.8 | 67.2/64.3 | 78.6/76.9 |
。
从表一的数据可以看出,实施例1~4及对比例制备的复合膜的水蒸气透过量、氧气透过量以及剥离强度、热合强度、拉断力均符合要求,但是在热合强度、拉断力上具有较大的差距。
实施例1~4的复合膜的热合强度、拉断力相比于对比例而言,均处于更高的水平。
实施例1复合膜中添加了马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅,三者协同对聚丙烯进行了改性,大幅度提高了复合膜的机械性能。
实施例2因为缺少了碳化硅机械性能相比于实施例1降低,但马来酸酐、β-环糊精的改性在聚丙烯分子链上引入了三维立体结构,增强了聚合物分子的交联结构和大分子链的内聚力,对结构稳定性和机械性能具有改善作用,因此,相比于对比例而言,热合强度、拉断力更高。
实施例3未添加β-环糊精,未引入三维立体结构,碳化硅仅仅吸附在接枝聚合物的界面上,相比于实施例1,缺少β-环糊精桶状空腔结构的包覆,碳化硅在聚合物体系内稳定性不够高,因此,其热合强度、拉断力相比于实施例1明显降低。
实施例4未添加马来酸酐和β-环糊精,仅加入碳化硅对聚丙烯进行改性,由于聚丙烯为非极性分子,碳化硅加入后在体系内相容性较差,从而影响了机械性能,因此,其热合强度、拉断力相比于实施例1明显降低。
6、耐热性:为了进一步测试复合膜耐高温蒸煮性能,对实施例1-4及对比例制备的复合膜进行以下测试。
具体方法为:取复合膜产品,将膜热封制成(10±0.5cm)×(5±0.25cm)的小袋,内装容积二分之一的水后,排气密封好,放入带反压装置的高压灭菌锅中(热锅),121℃处理30min后,减压冷却至室温取出,检查小袋有无明显变形、层间剥离,热封部位的剥离等异常现象,比较高温处理前后剥离强度、热合强度、拉断力、断裂伸长率的下降率是否符合要求。
其测试结果如表二所示。
表二、实施例1-4及对比例复合膜的耐热性测试结果
外观 | 剥离强度下降率/% | 热合强度下降率/% | 拉断力下降率/% | 断裂伸长率下降率/% | |
实施例1 | 无明显变形和层间剥离 | 0.35 | 0.13 | 0.08 | 0.62 |
实施例2 | 无明显变形和层间剥离 | 0.38 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 1.17 |
实施例3 | 无明显变形和层间剥离 | 0.37 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.95 |
实施例4 | 无明显变形和层间剥离 | 0.36 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 1.31 |
对比例 | 无明显变形和层间剥离 | 0.38 | 4.61 | 14.32 | 10.54 |
。
从表二的数据可以看出,实施例1~4的复合膜经过高温处理后,剥离强度、热合强度、拉断力、断裂伸长率均符合要求,由于各实施例和对比例均采用相同的粘结剂,因此,剥离强度下降率差距不大,但是热合强度、拉断力、断裂伸长率的下降率具有较大的差距。
其中,实施例1~4的复合膜经过高温处理后热合强度、拉断力、断裂伸长率的下降低较低,尤其是实施例1,热合强度下降率仅为0.13%,拉断力下降率仅为0.08%,断裂伸长率下降率仅为0.62%,这是因为复合膜中添加了马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅,三者协同对聚丙烯进行了改性,大幅度提高了复合膜的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐温性能,实施例2~4相比于实施例1缺少部分改性添加物质,聚合物内未形成良好的结构体系,从而一定程度影响了耐温性能,而对比例未添加改性物质,复合膜经过高温处理后,虽然各性能下降率符合要求,但是相比于实施例1~4而言,各性能下降率幅度较大。
因此,本发明通过马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅对聚丙烯进行改性,有效提高了改性流延聚丙烯膜的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐温性能,通过改性流延聚丙烯膜与聚酯层、铝箔层粘接形成复合膜,在经过高温处理后热合强度、拉断力、断裂伸长率等下降极低,具有优异的结构稳定性、机械性能和耐高温蒸煮性能。
以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种改性流延聚丙烯膜,其特征在于,所述改性流延聚丙烯膜包括聚丙烯、马来酸酐和β-环糊精的接枝聚合物,所述接枝聚合物的界面上吸附有碳化硅,所述碳化硅还包覆在β-环糊精的桶状空腔结构内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性流延聚丙烯膜,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯、马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅的质量比为(90~95):(3~6):(5~10):(2~5)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性流延聚丙烯膜,其特征在于,所述改性流延聚丙烯膜的厚度为20~60μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性流延聚丙烯膜,其特征在于,通过以下方法制备得到:
将马来酸酐、β-环糊精和碳化硅加入到聚丙烯中通过搅拌混合和密炼得到改性流延聚丙烯膜的混合料,将混合料加入到挤出机中,在210~250℃条件下进行熔融,并通过T型模头进行流延,最后经过冷却辊骤冷成膜,得到改性流延聚丙烯膜。
5.一种口服液药用包装复合膜,其特征在于,包括聚酯层、铝箔层和热封层,所述聚酯层与所述铝箔层之间、所述铝箔层与所述热封层之间均采用粘结剂粘结,所述热封层采用权利要求1~4任一项所述的改性流延聚丙烯膜。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种口服液药用包装复合膜,其特征在于,所述粘结剂为水性聚氨酯粘结剂。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种口服液药用包装复合膜,其特征在于,所述聚酯层与铝箔层之间的粘结剂的涂抹重量为4g/m2~5g/m2,所述铝箔层与所述热封层之间的粘结剂的涂抹重量为7g/m2~8g/m2。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种口服液药用包装复合膜,其特征在于,所述聚酯层厚度为12~15μm。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种口服液药用包装复合膜,其特征在于,所述铝箔层的厚度为15μm。
10.根据权利要求5所述的一种口服液药用包装复合膜,其特征在于,通过以下方法制备得到:
将聚酯层与铝箔层通过粘结剂粘合,干燥得到第一复合膜,再将第一复合膜与热封层通过粘结剂粘合,干燥得到第二复合膜,将干燥后的第二复合膜固化得到口服液药用包装复合膜。
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