CN117925970A - Preparation method of hot forging die steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of hot forging die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN117925970A CN117925970A CN202410330413.XA CN202410330413A CN117925970A CN 117925970 A CN117925970 A CN 117925970A CN 202410330413 A CN202410330413 A CN 202410330413A CN 117925970 A CN117925970 A CN 117925970A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of steel manufacturing, and discloses a preparation method of hot forging die steel, which comprises the following steps: step a, putting steel raw materials into an electric furnace for smelting to obtain a steel ingot, wherein the ratio of the weight ratio of vanadium element to carbon element in the steel ingot is 2.0-2.5, the ratio of the weight ratio of chromium element to molybdenum element is 3.0-3.5, and the sum of the weight ratios of vanadium element, molybdenum element and chromium element is not less than 7.0%; step b, forging the steel ingot based on a preset forging ratio and a preset forging temperature to obtain a forging stock; step c, normalizing and heating the forging stock at a first preset temperature, then cooling the forging stock, and sequentially carrying out solution treatment and spheroidizing annealing treatment at least once at a corresponding temperature and a corresponding heat preservation time to obtain a pretreated piece; and d, sequentially carrying out quenching treatment and tempering treatment on the pretreated piece to obtain the hot forging die steel. The invention provides a simple preparation method, which improves the wear resistance of the surface of hot forging die steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of steel manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of hot forging die steel.
Background
Hot forging is a metal working process in which a metal is heated to a certain temperature and then forged to form a desired shape and structure. The hot forging die steel is a special steel for manufacturing a hot forging die, is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace, electronics, ships, military industry, chemical industry and the like, is important basic process equipment in the manufacturing industry, and plays an important role in national economy. The hot forging die steel needs to work in the environment of high temperature, high pressure and high strain rate in the actual use process, so the hot forging die steel needs to have higher strength, hardness, toughness and other properties, and also needs to have better high-temperature wear resistance, the hot forging die steel works under the high-temperature condition, once worn, the processing precision of products can be influenced, and meanwhile, the production efficiency is greatly reduced by frequently repairing or replacing the hot forging die steel, so that the production cost of enterprises is increased.
In the related technology for preparing the hot forging die steel, the wear resistance of the hot forging die steel is generally improved through a surface modification technology, namely, the wear resistance of a die is improved through a method of carburizing, nitriding or surface coating the surface of the hot forging die steel, but the bonding technology between the method and a matrix steel is immature, the manufacturing cost is high, and the large-scale production of enterprises is not facilitated.
Based on this, the prior art still remains to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention mainly provides a method for solving the problems that the method for improving the wear resistance of the hot forging die steel in the related technology of preparing the hot forging die steel has higher manufacturing cost and is not beneficial to mass production of enterprises.
Specifically, the invention provides a preparation method of hot forging die steel, which comprises the following steps:
Step a, a steel raw material is put into an electric furnace to be smelted, and a steel ingot is obtained, wherein the ratio of the weight ratio of vanadium element to carbon element in the steel ingot is 2.0-2.5, the ratio of the weight ratio of chromium element to molybdenum element is 3.0-3.5, and the sum of the weight ratios of vanadium element, molybdenum element and chromium element is not less than 7.0%;
step b, forging the steel ingot based on a preset forging ratio and a preset forging temperature to obtain a forging stock;
step c, normalizing and heating the forging stock at a first preset temperature, then cooling the forging stock, and further sequentially carrying out solution treatment and spheroidizing annealing treatment at least once at a corresponding temperature and a corresponding heat preservation time to obtain a pretreated piece;
and d, sequentially carrying out quenching treatment and tempering treatment on the pretreated piece to obtain the hot forging die steel.
In some embodiments, step c comprises:
and c1, normalizing and heating the forging stock at 1060-1080 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours, and discharging the forging stock from the furnace for air cooling to the room temperature.
In some embodiments, step c further comprises:
and c2, carrying out solid solution heating on the product obtained in the step c1 at 1040-1060 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil from the furnace to cool to room temperature.
In some embodiments, step c further comprises:
and c3, spheroidizing annealing and heating the product obtained in the step c2 at 850-870 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 6-10 h, furnace cooling to 710 ℃ at a speed of 30 ℃/h, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 10-15 h, furnace cooling to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
In some embodiments, step c further comprises:
And c4, carrying out solid solution heating on the product obtained in the step c3 at 1010-1030 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil from the furnace to cool to room temperature.
In some embodiments, step c further comprises:
And c5, spheroidizing annealing and heating the product obtained in the step c4 at the temperature of 820-840 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 6-10 h, furnace cooling to 740 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 10-15 h, furnace cooling to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
In some embodiments, step d comprises:
And d1, quenching the pretreated piece at 970-990 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil and cooling to room temperature.
In some embodiments, step d further comprises:
and d2, tempering and heating the product obtained in the step d1 at 580-600 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours, and discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
In some embodiments, step d further comprises:
and d3, tempering and heating the product obtained in the step d2 at 590-610 ℃ again, and discharging and air cooling to room temperature after further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours.
In some embodiments, the steel ingot obtained in the step a has a weight ratio of 0.30% -0.40% of carbon element, a weight ratio of not more than 0.80% of silicon element, a weight ratio of not more than 0.50% of manganese element, a weight ratio of 4.50% -6.30% of chromium element, a weight ratio of 0.60% -1.00% of vanadium element and a weight ratio of 1.50% -1.80% of molybdenum element.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the preparation method of the hot forging die steel, steel ingots meeting the strict proportion requirements of all components are obtained through smelting steel raw materials, normalizing heating and then cooling treatment are carried out on forging stocks, and solution treatment and spheroidizing annealing treatment are sequentially carried out at least once under the corresponding temperature and the corresponding heat preservation time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for manufacturing hot forging die steel provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is another flow chart of a method for manufacturing hot forging die steel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the scope of the disclosure, which may be embodied in many different forms and not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather to include all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
The present disclosure provides these embodiments in order to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments should be construed as exemplary only and not limiting unless otherwise specifically stated.
In the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "plurality" is greater than or equal to two; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship merely for convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure. When the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed accordingly.
Furthermore, the use of the terms first, second, and the like in this disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises" and the like means that elements preceding the word encompass the elements recited after the word, and not exclude the possibility of also encompassing other elements.
It should also be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms in the present disclosure may be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art. When a particular device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intervening device between the particular device and either the first device or the second device.
All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains, unless specifically defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.
It should be understood that the embodiments of the invention shown in the exemplary embodiments are only illustrative. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible without materially departing from the teachings of the subject matter of this disclosure. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of present invention. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and parameters of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present inventions.
According to the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing hot forging die steel, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
Step a, a steel raw material is put into an electric furnace to be smelted, and a steel ingot is obtained, wherein the ratio of the weight ratio of vanadium element to carbon element in the steel ingot is 2.0-2.5, the ratio of the weight ratio of chromium element to molybdenum element in the steel ingot is 3.0-3.5, and the sum of the weight ratios of vanadium element, molybdenum element and chromium element in the steel ingot is not less than 7.0%;
step b, forging the steel ingot based on a preset forging ratio and a preset forging temperature to obtain a forging stock;
step c, normalizing and heating the forging stock at a first preset temperature, then cooling the forging stock, and further sequentially carrying out solution treatment and spheroidizing annealing treatment at least once at a corresponding temperature and a corresponding heat preservation time to obtain a pretreated piece;
and d, sequentially carrying out quenching treatment and tempering treatment on the pretreated piece to obtain the hot forging die steel.
In some embodiments, in step a, steel raw materials are put into an electric furnace according to the preset proportion requirement, and LF refining, VD refining and die casting are sequentially carried out to obtain a steel ingot, wherein the chemical components in the obtained steel ingot are as follows in percentage by weight: c:0.30 to 0.40 percent; si: less than or equal to 0.80 percent; mn: less than or equal to 0.50 percent; cr:4.50 to 6.30 percent; v:0.60% -1.00%; mo:1.50 to 1.80 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Wherein the casting temperature is controlled to 1480-1510 ℃, the casting speed is less than or equal to 150kg/s, and the slab ingot with the thickness of 570 multiplied by 650 multiplied by 400mm is cast. LF refining and VD refining are two refining modes in the steel smelting process. LF refining, also known as Ladle refining (Ladle Furnace), is a commonly used external refining method. The device is mainly used for adjusting the temperature, the components and the cleanliness of molten steel so as to meet the requirements of subsequent procedures such as continuous casting and the like. The LF refining furnace can remove impurities in molten steel by adding different alloys and adjusting the temperature, adjust the components of the steel and improve the purity and quality of the steel. VD refining, vacuum refining (Vacuum Degassing), is a refining process performed under vacuum. The method is mainly used for removing hydrogen and other harmful gases in molten steel, reducing bubbles and inclusions in the steel, and improving the compactness and quality of the steel. The VD refining reduces the temperature and pressure of molten steel by creating a vacuum environment, so that hydrogen and other gases escape from the molten steel, thereby achieving the refining purpose.
In some embodiments, in the step c, the steel ingot is forged and cogged into two piers and three dials, wherein the forging ratio is controlled to be more than or equal to 3.0, the product after forging and cogging is homogenized, the homogenization temperature is 1230-1250 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 10 hours, the finish forging is obtained, the forging temperature of the finish forging is 1170-1190 ℃, the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, and natural air cooling is carried out to room temperature after the finish forging is finished.
In some embodiments, in step c, solution treatment and spheroidizing annealing are sequentially performed twice at corresponding temperatures and corresponding holding times, thereby obtaining a pretreated piece.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step c comprises:
and c1, normalizing and heating the forging stock at 1060-1080 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours, and discharging the forging stock from the furnace for air cooling to the room temperature.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step c further comprises:
and c2, carrying out solid solution heating on the product obtained in the step c1 at 1040-1060 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil from the furnace to cool to room temperature.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step c further comprises:
and c3, spheroidizing annealing and heating the product obtained in the step c2 at 850-870 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 6-10 h, furnace cooling to 710 ℃ at a speed of 30 ℃/h, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 10-15 h, furnace cooling to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step c further comprises:
And c4, carrying out solid solution heating on the product obtained in the step c3 at 1010-1030 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil from the furnace to cool to room temperature.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step c further comprises:
And c5, spheroidizing annealing and heating the product obtained in the step c4 at the temperature of 820-840 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 6-10 h, furnace cooling to 740 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 10-15 h, furnace cooling to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
The forging stock is sequentially subjected to normalizing heat treatment, first solid solution heat treatment, first spheroidizing annealing heat treatment, second solid solution heat treatment and second spheroidizing annealing heat treatment, wherein each treatment is adaptive to the corresponding heating temperature, heat preservation time and cooling treatment mode (air cooling or oil cooling), and the steel ingot obtained in the previous step (the steel ingot meeting the strict proportion requirement of each component is obtained through smelting the steel raw material) is combined to obtain a pretreated piece, so that the hot forging die steel with the same hardness, toughness and comprehensive mechanical properties as those of the conventional production method can be obtained later.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step d comprises:
And d1, quenching the pretreated piece at 970-990 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil and cooling to room temperature.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step d further comprises:
and d2, tempering and heating the product obtained in the step d1 at 580-600 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours, and discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
According to several embodiments of the invention, step d further comprises:
and d3, tempering and heating the product obtained in the step d2 at 590-610 ℃ again, and discharging and air cooling to room temperature after further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours.
And carrying out quenching treatment, first tempering heating treatment and second tempering heating treatment on the pretreated piece in sequence, and carrying out quenching and tempering treatment on the pretreated piece to obtain the hot forging die steel, wherein each treatment is matched with a corresponding heating temperature, a corresponding heat preservation time and a corresponding cooling treatment mode (air cooling or oil cooling), so that the hot forging die steel can be obtained.
According to several embodiments of the present invention, the weight ratio of carbon element in the steel ingot obtained in the step a is 0.30% -0.40%, the weight ratio of silicon element is not more than 0.80%, the weight ratio of manganese element is not more than 0.50%, the weight ratio of chromium element is 4.50% -6.30%, the weight ratio of vanadium element is 0.60% -1.00%, and the weight ratio of molybdenum element is 1.50% -1.80%.
The hot forging die steel prepared by the method has the same strength, hardness and toughness, and meanwhile, the high-temperature wear rate at 400-700 ℃ is reduced by at least 40%, so that the quality of the hot forging die steel is greatly improved, the service life is longer, and the method can better meet the requirements of modern industrial production on the hot forging die steel.
For further understanding of the method for producing a hot forging die steel of the present invention, fig. 2 shows another flowchart illustrating a method for producing a hot forging die steel provided as an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the steps of the method for producing a hot forging die steel include:
Step S1, in the smelting process, firstly adding scrap iron and pig iron into an electric furnace, then adding alloy raw materials of Mo, cr and V, and sequentially carrying out LF refining, VD refining and die casting to obtain a steel ingot. Wherein, the chemical components of the obtained steel ingot are as follows by weight percent: c:0.30 to 0.40 percent; si: less than or equal to 0.80 percent; mn: less than or equal to 0.50 percent; cr:4.50 to 6.30 percent; v:0.60% -1.00%; mo:1.50 to 1.80 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Further, the chemical components in percentage by weight also satisfy the following: v/c= (2.0-2.5); cr/mo= (3.0-3.5); (Cr+Mo+V) is more than or equal to 7.0. The casting temperature is 1480-1510 ℃, the casting speed is less than or equal to 150kg/s, and the slab ingot with 570 multiplied by 650 multiplied by 400mm is cast. The chemical composition ratios (example 1 to example 5) of the steel ingots of the application and the chemical composition ratios (comparative example 1 to comparative example 2) in the prior art are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Sequence number | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | V | V/C | Cr/Mo | Cr+Mo+V | Fe |
| Example 1 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 5.46 | 1.56 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 7.82 | Allowance of |
| Example 2 | 0.36 | 0.41 | 0.27 | 4.77 | 1.54 | 0.74 | 2.06 | 3.10 | 7.05 | Allowance of |
| Example 3 | 0.4 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 5.13 | 1.71 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 7.64 | Allowance of |
| Example 4 | 0.32 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 5.38 | 1.54 | 0.68 | 2.13 | 3.49 | 7.60 | Allowance of |
| Example 5 | 0.35 | 0.31 | 0.3 | 4.89 | 1.61 | 0.86 | 2.46 | 3.04 | 7.36 | Allowance of |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.38 | 0.29 | 0.26 | 5.43 | 1.54 | 0.67 | —— | —— | —— | Allowance of |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.32 | 0.37 | 0.35 | 4.71 | 1.69 | 0.94 | —— | —— | —— | Allowance of |
And S2, forging, cogging, homogenizing, finish forging, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a forging stock. The forging cogging is two piers and three drawing, and the forging ratio is more than or equal to 3.0; homogenizing at 1240+ -10deg.C for more than or equal to 10 hr; the finish forging temperature is 1180+/-10 ℃, the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, and the finish forging is naturally cooled to room temperature. The values of the parameters of the smelting and forging process (examples 1 to 5) and the values of the parameters of the smelting and forging process in the prior art (comparative examples 1 to 2) are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
And S3, pretreatment, namely normalizing, carrying out first solid solution, first spheroidizing annealing, second solid solution and second spheroidizing annealing on the forging stock to obtain a pretreated piece. Wherein the normalizing heating temperature is 1070+/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 2 hours, and the furnace is taken out and then cooled to room temperature; the first solid solution heating temperature is 1050+/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 1h, and the oil is cooled to room temperature; the first spheroidizing annealing heating temperature is 860+/-10 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 6-10 hours, furnace cooling is carried out at a speed of 30 ℃/h to 710 ℃ for 10-15 hours, furnace cooling is carried out to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging air cooling is carried out to room temperature; the second solid solution heating temperature is 1020+/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 1h, and the oil is cooled to room temperature; the second spheroidizing annealing heating temperature is 830+/-10 ℃, heat preservation is carried out for 6-10 hours, furnace cooling is carried out at a speed of 30 ℃/h to 740 ℃ for 10-15 hours, furnace cooling is carried out to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging air cooling is carried out to room temperature. The values of the parameters of the pretreatment process of the present application (examples 1 to 5) and the values of the parameters of the pretreatment process in the prior art (comparative examples 1 to 2) are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
And S4, quenching and tempering, namely quenching the pretreated piece, tempering for the first time and tempering for the second time to obtain the hot forging die steel. Wherein the quenching heating temperature is 980+/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 1h, and the oil is cooled to room temperature; the first tempering heating temperature is 590+/-10 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 2 hours, and the air cooling is carried out to room temperature; tempering for the second time at 600+/-10 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than or equal to 2 hours, and air-cooling to room temperature; obtaining the hot forging die steel. The values of the parameters of the quenching and tempering process (examples 1 to 5) and the values of the parameters of the quenching and tempering process in the prior art (comparative examples 1 to 2) are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 Table 4
Finally, the performance test results (example 1 to example 5) of the hot forging die steel prepared by the application and the performance test results (comparative example 1 to comparative example 2) of the hot forging die steel prepared by the prior art are shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
Compared with the conventional preparation method, the hot forging die steel has the advantages that components are not changed, additional equipment investment is not added, the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, the operability is high, and the wear resistance of the surface of the hot forging die steel is improved.
Thus, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. How to implement the solutions disclosed herein will be fully apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description.
Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments may be modified and equivalents substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making hot forging die steel, comprising:
step a, a steel raw material is put into an electric furnace to be smelted, and a steel ingot is obtained, wherein the ratio of the weight ratio of vanadium element to carbon element in the steel ingot ranges from 2.0 to 2.5, the ratio of the weight ratio of chromium element to molybdenum element ranges from 3.0 to 3.5, and the sum of the weight ratios of vanadium element, molybdenum element and chromium element is not less than 7.0%;
step b, forging the steel ingot based on a preset forging ratio and a preset forging temperature to obtain a forging stock;
step c, normalizing and heating the forging stock at a first preset temperature, then cooling the forging stock, and further sequentially carrying out solution treatment and spheroidizing annealing treatment at least once at a corresponding temperature and a corresponding heat preservation time to obtain a pretreated piece;
and d, sequentially carrying out quenching treatment and tempering treatment on the pretreated piece to obtain the hot forging die steel.
2. The method for manufacturing hot forging die steel as recited in claim 1, wherein said step c comprises:
And c1, normalizing and heating the forging stock at 1060-1080 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours, and discharging and air-cooling to room temperature.
3. The method of manufacturing a hot forging die steel as recited in claim 2, wherein said step c further comprises:
And c2, carrying out solid solution heating on the product obtained in the step c1 at 1040-1060 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil and cooling to room temperature.
4.A method of producing hot-forging die steel as recited in claim 3, wherein said step c further comprises:
And c3, spheroidizing annealing and heating the product obtained in the step c2 at the temperature of 850-870 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 6-10 h, furnace cooling to 710 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 10-15 h, furnace cooling to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
5. The method of producing hot-forging die steel as recited in claim 4, wherein said step c further comprises:
And c4, carrying out solid solution heating on the product obtained in the step c3 at 1010-1030 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil and cooling to room temperature.
6. The method of producing hot-forging die steel as recited in claim 5, wherein said step c further comprises:
And c5, spheroidizing annealing and heating the product obtained in the step c4 at the temperature of 820-840 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 6-10 h, furnace cooling to 740 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/h, further controlling the heat preservation time to be 10-15 h, furnace cooling to less than 500 ℃ and furnace discharging and air cooling to room temperature.
7. The method of manufacturing a hot forging die steel as recited in claim 1, wherein said step d includes:
And d1, quenching the pretreated piece at 970-990 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 1h, and discharging the oil from the furnace to cool to room temperature.
8. The method of producing hot-forging die steel as recited in claim 7, wherein said step d further comprises:
and d2, tempering and heating the product obtained in the step d1 at 580-600 ℃, further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours, and discharging and air-cooling to room temperature.
9. The method of producing hot-forging die steel as recited in claim 8, wherein said step d further comprises:
And d3, tempering and heating the product obtained in the step d2 at 590-610 ℃ again, and discharging and air-cooling to room temperature after further controlling the heat preservation time to be not less than 2 hours.
10. The method for preparing hot forging die steel according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon element in the steel ingot obtained in the step a is 0.30% -0.40%, the weight ratio of the silicon element is not more than 0.80%, the weight ratio of the manganese element is not more than 0.50%, the weight ratio of the chromium element is 4.50% -6.30%, the weight ratio of the vanadium element is 0.60% -1.00%, and the weight ratio of the molybdenum element is 1.50% -1.80%.
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