CN108396230A - A kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness - Google Patents
A kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness Download PDFInfo
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation methods of case hardness, are related to technical field of mold steel, include the following steps：Melting, casting, electroslag remelting, forging, isothermal annealing, quenching, tempering.The mould steel of the present invention prepares simple and convenient, high comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of mold steel, and in particular to a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation side of case hardness
Method.
Background technology
Mould steel is the steel grade for manufacturing the molds such as cold-punching mould, hot-forging die compression mod.The quality of mold directly affects
The quality of pressure processing craft, the precision yield of product and production cost, and the quality of mold is reasonable in addition to leaning on service life
Structure design and machining accuracy outside, mainly influenced by mold own material, preparation and heat treatment process.And with science skill
The progress of art and social development demand, the requirement to mold materials is higher and higher, especially large mold material, output at
Product volume is larger, if the mold comprehensive performance Shortcomings defect used, it will bring serious loss to manufacturing enterprise；And
Existing mold materials gradually cannot be satisfied the needs of market and enterprise, therefore, develop that a kind of institutional framework is stable, machine
The die steel material of tool function admirable quite it is necessary to.
The patent application of Publication No. CN107523753A discloses a kind of mould steel comprising the original of following parts by weight
Material composition：2-5 parts of carbon；30-40 parts of silicon；0.5-2 parts of manganese；0.5-1.5 parts of aluminium；0.5-1 parts of phosphorus；50-60 parts of iron；2-4 parts of chromium；Vanadium
0.1-0.5 parts.In addition, the invention is also added with a small amount of kaolin in raw material components, plasticity and service life are improved,
But it does not have illustrates in conjunction with data, does not also illustrate the other performance index of conducting wire.
The patent application of Publication No. CN106929767A discloses a kind of mold materials comprising low using 70 parts
Carbon steel, 28 parts of brass, 0.5 part of chromium, 0.2 part of nickel, 1 part of titanium, 0.3 part of silicon are mixed.The various metals of the invention
Proportioning is reasonable so that mold has good inoxidizability, good wear resistance, is first mixed using the few metal of accounting in material
Conjunction is mixed with the material of big accounting in material again so that material is more fully mixed so that material has good thermal fatigue.But
It is that the carbon content of material is high, and mechanical property and processing type need to be further increased.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness, this kind of mold steels
Standby simple and convenient, high comprehensive performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness, follows the steps below
(1) melting：The raw material of industry is added in the smelting furnace that temperature is 1640-1660 DEG C and smelts at least 3.5h, then is turned
Enter LF stoves, refining agent is added, then 105min is refined under the conditions of vacuum, temperature are 1515 DEG C；
(2) it casts：Melt after refining is cast into rod iron, casting speed 1.15-1.25m/ under protection of argon gas
min；
(3) electroslag remelting：By obtained rod iron under argon atmosphere, five yuan of slag systems are added and carry out electroslag remelting, electricity
Voltage is set as 70V in slag reflow process, and for current control in 8500A, five yuan of slag systems are CaF2、Al2O3、Fe3O4、CaO、
SiO2It is 6 in mass ratio:2:1:2:1 is blended；
(4) it forges：Forging temperature opens forging drafts requirement in 28mm, and after forging, waits for that steel part cools down at 885-1075 DEG C
It is placed on holding pit slow cooling to 665 DEG C, slow cooling rate is 35 DEG C/h；
(5) isothermal annealing：Steel part is kept the temperature into 1.5h under the conditions of temperature is 865 DEG C, 685 DEG C etc. are cooled to 5 DEG C/min
Warm 3.5h comes out of the stove air-cooled；
(6) it quenches：Steel part is 720-730 DEG C in temperature and preheats 20-25min, then under the conditions of temperature is 900-910 DEG C
1-1.5h is kept the temperature, is immersed after coming out of the stove cooling in quenching oil；
(7) it is tempered：By steel part temperature be 510-520 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 20-30min, then temperature be 430-440 DEG C
Under the conditions of soaking 30-40min, later temperature be 320-330 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 30-40min, finally at 180-190 DEG C
Soaking 2-3h in oil oven.
Preferably, above-mentioned mould steel includes following chemical composition by weight percentage：Sn：0.03-0.06%, Bi：
0.01-0.03%, Sb：0.08-0.12%, Y：0.14-0.18%, La：0.01-0.014%, Mo：0.15-0.19%, B：
0.003-0.007%, surplus Fe.
Further, above-mentioned mould steel includes following chemical composition by weight percentage：Sn：0.05%, Bi：
0.02%, Sb：0.10%, Y：0.16%, La：0.012%, Mo：0.17%, B：0.005%, surplus Fe.
Further, inevitable impurity content≤0.01% in above-mentioned mould steel.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (1), the temperature of melting is 1650 DEG C, smelting time 3.8h.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (2), the temperature of casting is 1485 DEG C, casting speed 1.2m/min.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (3), electroslag remelting baking temperature is 885 DEG C, soaking time 10.5h.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (4), heat preservation temperature retention time is 42h, and it is 125 DEG C to go out to cheat temperature.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (6), it in temperature is 725 DEG C of preheating 22min that quenching, which is by steel part, then in temperature
1.2h is kept the temperature under the conditions of being 905 DEG C, is immersed after coming out of the stove cooling in quenching oil.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (7), tempering be by steel part temperature be 515 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 25min, then
Temperature be 435 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 35min, later temperature be 325 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 35min, finally in 185 DEG C of oil
Soaking 2.5h in stove.
The present invention has following advantageous effect：Prepared by the mould steel of the present invention convenient, by alloy member in mould steel
The proportion optimizing of element and preparation technology parameter is densification that each element composition cooperatively forms in preparation process, stable alloy phase, more
Kind complex alloys compound and dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phase improve while refining alloy mold materials matrix grain
Its structure and as-cast structure have reached following effect：
(1) the solid solution degree of supersaturation of mould steel matrix tissue is improved, and reduces coarse non-cementing crystalline phase, is regulated and controled
The size of Grain Boundary Precipitates and distribution enhance the compactness and stability of mould steel institutional framework, improve its mechanical strength and
Toughness；
(2) mould steel of the invention has excellent anti-fatigue performance, ductility, toughness and plasticity, can avoid squeezing,
The bad phenomenons of quality such as the cracking, fracture during impact, stretching etc., improve lumber recovery, meet market significantly
And demand of the enterprise to high-performance die steel material；
(3) deformation of creep for inhibiting mold structure of steel, improves its comprehensive performance, improves yield rate and quality；With excellent
Mechanical performance, good toughness external force resistance impact；Case hardness is high and uniformly wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant anti-oxidant, high temperature resistant, thermal shock resistance are excellent
It is different, it is durable using reliable, it is widely used.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, following embodiment is only used for more
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly demonstrated, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness, follows the steps below：
Above-mentioned mould steel is made of the elementary composition of following weight percent content：C：0.21%, Si：0.32%, Cu：
0.13%, Mn：0.47%, Cr：0.65%, Sn：0.03%, Bi：0.01%, Sb：0.08%, Y：0.14%, La：0.01%,
Mo：0.15%, B：0.003%, surplus Fe, wherein inevitable impurity content≤0.01%；
(1) melting：The raw material of industry is added in the smelting furnace that temperature is 1640 DEG C and smelts 3.5h, then is transferred to LF stoves, is added
Enter refining agent, then 105min is refined under the conditions of vacuum, temperature are 1515 DEG C；
(2) it casts：Melt after refining is cast into rod iron, casting speed 1.15m/min, casting under protection of argon gas
Temperature be set as 1485 DEG C；
(3) electroslag remelting：By obtained rod iron under argon atmosphere, five yuan of slag systems are added and carry out electroslag remelting, electricity
Slag remelting baking temperature is 885 DEG C, soaking time 10.5h, and voltage is set as 70V in esr process, and current control exists
8500A, five yuan of slag systems are CaF2、Al2O3、Fe3O4、CaO、SiO2It is 6 in mass ratio:2:1:2:1 is blended；
(4) it forges：Just forging temperature is 885 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 1075 DEG C, opens forging drafts requirement in 28mm, and forge
Afterwards, wait for that steel part is cooled to 665 DEG C and is placed on holding pit slow cooling, slow cooling rate is 35 DEG C/h, and heat preservation temperature retention time is 42h, goes out hole
Temperature is 125 DEG C；
(5) isothermal annealing：Steel part is kept the temperature into 1.5h under the conditions of temperature is 865 DEG C, 685 DEG C etc. are cooled to 5 DEG C/min
Warm 3.5h comes out of the stove air-cooled；
(6) it quenches：Steel part is 720 DEG C in temperature and preheats 25min, then 1.5h is kept the temperature under the conditions of temperature is 900 DEG C, is gone out
It is immersed after stove cooling in quenching oil；
(7) it is tempered：By steel part temperature be 510 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 30min, then temperature be 430 DEG C under the conditions of soaking
40min, later soaking 40min, finally the soaking 3h in 180 DEG C of oil oven under the conditions of temperature is 320 DEG C；
(8) performance detection：
1. tensile strength：≥840MPa；
2. yield strength：≥615MPa；
3. resistance to pitting potential：≥0.80；
4. shock resistance toughness：≥68J/cm2
⑤HRC：62±2；
6. wear rate：≤ 0.06%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness, follows the steps below：
Above-mentioned mould steel is made of the elementary composition of following weight percent content：C：0.21-0.25%, Si：0.32-
0.36%, Cu：0.13-0.17%, Mn：0.47-0.49%, Cr：0.65-0.69%, Sn：0.03-0.06%, Bi：0.01-
0.03%, Sb：0.08-0.12%, Y：0.14-0.18%, La：0.01-0.014%, Mo：0.15-0.19%, B：0.003-
0.007%, surplus Fe, wherein inevitable impurity content≤0.01%；
(1) melting：The raw material of industry is added in the smelting furnace that temperature is 1650 DEG C and smelts 3.8h, then is transferred to LF stoves, is added
Enter refining agent, then 105min is refined under the conditions of vacuum, temperature are 1515 DEG C；
(2) it casts：Melt after refining is cast into rod iron, casting speed 1.2m/min, casting under protection of argon gas
Temperature be set as 1485 DEG C；
(3) electroslag remelting：By obtained rod iron under argon atmosphere, five yuan of slag systems are added and carry out electroslag remelting, electricity
Slag remelting baking temperature is 885 DEG C, soaking time 10.5h, and voltage is set as 70V in esr process, and current control exists
8500A, five yuan of slag systems are CaF2、Al2O3、Fe3O4、CaO、SiO2It is 6 in mass ratio:2:1:2:1 is blended；
(4) it forges：Just forging temperature is 895 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 1065 DEG C, opens forging drafts requirement in 28mm, and forge
Afterwards, wait for that steel part is cooled to 665 DEG C and is placed on holding pit slow cooling, slow cooling rate is 35 DEG C/h, and heat preservation temperature retention time is 42h, goes out hole
Temperature is 125 DEG C；
(5) isothermal annealing：Steel part is kept the temperature into 1.5h under the conditions of temperature is 865 DEG C, 685 DEG C etc. are cooled to 5 DEG C/min
Warm 3.5h comes out of the stove air-cooled；
(6) it quenches：Steel part is 725 DEG C in temperature and preheats 22min, then 1.2h is kept the temperature under the conditions of temperature is 905 DEG C, is gone out
It is immersed after stove cooling in quenching oil；
(7) it is tempered：By steel part temperature be 515 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 25min, then temperature be 435 DEG C under the conditions of soaking
35min, later soaking 35min, finally the soaking 2.5h in 185 DEG C of oil oven under the conditions of temperature is 325 DEG C；
(8) performance detection：
1. tensile strength：≥840MPa；
2. yield strength：≥615MPa；
3. resistance to pitting potential：≥0.81；
4. shock resistance toughness：≥67J/cm2
⑤HRC：62±2；
6. wear rate：≤ 0.06%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness, follows the steps below：
Above-mentioned mould steel is made of the elementary composition of following weight percent content：C：0.25%, Si：0.36%, Cu：
0.17%, Mn：0.49%, Cr：0.69%, Sn：0.06%, Bi：0.03%, Sb：0.12%, Y：0.18%, La：0.014%,
Mo：0.19%, B：0.007%, surplus Fe, wherein inevitable impurity content≤0.01%；
(1) melting：The raw material of industry is added in the smelting furnace that temperature is 1660 DEG C and smelts 3.5h, then is transferred to LF stoves, is added
Enter refining agent, then 105min is refined under the conditions of vacuum, temperature are 1515 DEG C；
(2) it casts：Melt after refining is cast into rod iron, casting speed 1.25m/min, casting under protection of argon gas
Temperature be set as 1485 DEG C；
(3) electroslag remelting：By obtained rod iron under argon atmosphere, five yuan of slag systems are added and carry out electroslag remelting, electricity
Slag remelting baking temperature is 885 DEG C, soaking time 10.5h, and voltage is set as 70V in esr process, and current control exists
8500A, five yuan of slag systems are CaF2、Al2O3、Fe3O4、CaO、SiO2It is 6 in mass ratio:2:1:2:1 is blended；
(4) it forges：Just forging temperature is 905 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 1045 DEG C, opens forging drafts requirement in 28mm, and forge
Afterwards, wait for that steel part is cooled to 665 DEG C and is placed on holding pit slow cooling, slow cooling rate is 35 DEG C/h, and heat preservation temperature retention time is 42h, goes out hole
Temperature is 125 DEG C；
(5) isothermal annealing：Steel part is kept the temperature into 1.5h under the conditions of temperature is 865 DEG C, 685 DEG C etc. are cooled to 5 DEG C/min
Warm 3.5h comes out of the stove air-cooled；
(6) it quenches：Steel part is 730 DEG C in temperature and preheats 20min, then 1h is kept the temperature under the conditions of temperature is 910 DEG C, is come out of the stove
It immerses afterwards cooling in quenching oil；
(7) it is tempered：By steel part temperature be 520 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 20min, then temperature be 440 DEG C under the conditions of soaking
30min, later soaking 30min, finally the soaking 2h in 190 DEG C of oil oven under the conditions of temperature is 330 DEG C；
(8) performance detection：
1. tensile strength：≥834MPa；
2. yield strength：≥610MPa；
3. resistance to pitting potential：≥0.79；
4. shock resistance toughness：≥68J/cm2
⑤HRC：62±2；
6. wear rate：≤ 0.05%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although with reference to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution recorded in example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.All essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness, includes the following steps：Melting, casting, electroslag remelting, forging
Make, isothermal annealing, quenching, tempering, which is characterized in that
(1) melting：The raw material of industry is added in the smelting furnace that temperature is 1640-1660 DEG C and smelts at least 3.5h, then is transferred to LF
Stove is added refining agent, then refines 105min under the conditions of vacuum, temperature are 1515 DEG C；
(2) it casts：Melt after refining is cast into rod iron, casting speed 1.15-1.25m/min under protection of argon gas；
(3) electroslag remelting：By obtained rod iron under argon atmosphere, five yuan of slag systems are added and carry out electroslag remelting, electroslag weight
Voltage is set as 70V during molten, and for current control in 8500A, five yuan of slag systems are CaF2、Al2O3、Fe3O4、CaO、SiO2It presses
Mass ratio is 6:2:1:2:1 is blended；
(4) it forges：Forging temperature opens forging drafts requirement in 28mm, and after forging, wait for that steel part is cooled at 885-1075 DEG C
665 DEG C are placed on holding pit slow cooling, and slow cooling rate is 35 DEG C/h；
(5) isothermal annealing：Steel part is kept the temperature into 1.5h under the conditions of temperature is 865 DEG C, 685 DEG C of isothermals are cooled to 5 DEG C/min
3.5h comes out of the stove air-cooled；
(6) it quenches：Steel part is 720-730 DEG C in temperature and preheats 20-25min, then is kept the temperature under the conditions of temperature is 900-910 DEG C
1-1.5h immerses cooling in quenching oil after coming out of the stove；
(7) it is tempered：By steel part temperature be 510-520 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 20-30min, then temperature be 430-440 DEG C of condition
Lower soaking 30-40min, later temperature be 320-330 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 30-40min, finally in 180-190 DEG C of oil oven
Middle soaking 2-3h.
2. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Mould steel includes following chemical composition by weight percentage：Sn：0.03-0.06%, Bi：0.01-0.03%, Sb：0.08-
0.12%, Y：0.14-0.18%, La：0.01-0.014%, Mo：0.15-0.19%, B：0.003-0.007%, surplus Fe.
3. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Mould steel includes following chemical composition by weight percentage：Sn：0.05%, Bi：0.02%, Sb：0.10%, Y：
0.16%, La：0.012%, Mo：0.17%, B：0.005%, surplus Fe.
4. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Inevitable impurity content≤0.01% in mould steel.
5. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
Suddenly in (1), the temperature of the melting is 1650 DEG C, smelting time 3.8h.
6. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
Suddenly in (2), the temperature of the casting is 1485 DEG C, casting speed 1.2m/min.
7. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
Suddenly in (3), the electroslag remelting baking temperature is 885 DEG C, soaking time 10.5h.
8. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
Suddenly in (4), the heat preservation temperature retention time is 42h, and it is 125 DEG C to go out to cheat temperature.
9. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step
Suddenly in (6), the quenching is to be 725 DEG C in temperature by steel part to preheat 22min, then keep the temperature 1.2h under the conditions of temperature is 905 DEG C,
It is immersed after coming out of the stove cooling in quenching oil.
10. a kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step (7), it is described tempering be by steel part temperature be 515 DEG C under the conditions of soaking 25min, then temperature be 435 DEG C under the conditions of
Soaking 35min, later soaking 35min, finally the soaking 2.5h in 185 DEG C of oil oven under the conditions of temperature is 325 DEG C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810509350.9A CN108396230A (en) | 2018-05-24 | 2018-05-24 | A kind of uniform wear-resisting mould steel preparation method of case hardness |
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| CN109881112A (en) * | 2019-03-09 | 2019-06-14 | 日照顺德机械配件有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting steel preparation method of high-strength anti-corrosion |
| CN113604725A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-05 | 上海加宁新材料科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing rare earth ultra-pure propeller shaft |
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