CN117913490B - Balanced type filtering power divider based on double-ridge waveguide - Google Patents
Balanced type filtering power divider based on double-ridge waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN117913490B CN117913490B CN202410163858.3A CN202410163858A CN117913490B CN 117913490 B CN117913490 B CN 117913490B CN 202410163858 A CN202410163858 A CN 202410163858A CN 117913490 B CN117913490 B CN 117913490B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
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Abstract
The invention discloses a balanced filtering power divider based on a double-ridge waveguide, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The technical problems that the existing PCB-based balanced type filtering power divider has large insertion loss and low value of the no-load quality factor Q u, and the dielectric filtering power divider has more harmonic waves and poor spurious suppression are solved. The technical proposal is as follows: the balanced filtering power divider comprises a metal cavity, wherein two ends of the metal cavity are respectively connected with an input structure and an output structure; a metal ridge group is arranged on the inner wall of the metal cavity along the length direction; the metal ridge group comprises a pair of metal ridge blocks which are oppositely arranged and are not contacted, and one ends of the pair of metal ridge blocks are respectively contacted with two opposite inner walls in the metal cavity; the input structure and the output structure are respectively connected with a pair of metal ridge blocks. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the balanced filtering power divider designed by utilizing the inherent differential characteristic of the double-ridge waveguide has a simple structure and higher Q u value and power processing capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a balanced filtering power divider based on a double-ridge waveguide.
Background
There is an increasing need for low loss, high power capacity, high integration and small volume microwave devices in modern microwave and millimeter wave communication systems. In addition, waveguide devices have received considerable attention from researchers because of their inherent advantages of low insertion loss, high unloaded quality factor Q u values, and significant power handling capabilities. The power divider (power divider) can be used as a feed network of an antenna array, and has wide application in wireless communication, radar, environmental remote sensing and microwave measurement. In addition, the filter is a basic module for filtering signals by the front end of the radio frequency, and has wide application and huge demand. In order to reduce the circuit size and connection loss and adapt to the development trend of miniaturization of the circuit, the power divider is usually integrated with a filter to be designed into a filtering power divider. Compared with a rectangular waveguide, the double-ridge waveguide has lower cut-off frequency and wider single-mode working bandwidth, and the filter power divider designed by adopting the double-ridge waveguide structure has the advantages of low insertion loss, higher value of the no-load quality factor Q u and remarkable power processing capability, and can also overcome the defect of heavy traditional waveguide structure.
In addition, the balanced circuit is widely applied because of the advantages of strong anti-interference capability on environmental noise, effective electromagnetic interference suppression and the like. The balanced filter power divider can have the functions of differential mode power distribution and frequency selection. In some past work, there have been Printed Circuit Board (PCB) based technologies including balanced filter power splitters fabricated using microstrip lines, substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW), which are small, low cost, easy to integrate with other planar circuits, but have large losses and low values of the unloaded quality factor Q u. The balanced dielectric filter power divider improves the problems on the basis, but brings about the problems of more harmonic waves and poor spurious suppression. The balanced double-ridge waveguide filter power divider provided by the invention can solve the problems, is suitable for the application requirements of a high-power system, and also fills the technical blank of the waveguide balanced filter power divider.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the balanced type filtering power divider based on the PCB has large insertion loss and low value of the no-load quality factor Q u, the application of the balanced type filtering power divider is greatly limited, and although the dielectric filtering power divider improves the problems to a certain extent, the balanced type filtering power divider still has the technical problems of more harmonic waves, poor spurious suppression and still cannot meet the requirements of a high-power capacity system, and the invention aims to provide the balanced type filtering power divider based on the double-ridge waveguide, which has simple structure and higher value of the no-load quality factor Q u and power processing capability.
The invention is characterized in that: the invention designs a balanced type filtering power divider by utilizing the inherent differential characteristic of the double-ridge waveguide; the waveguide device has the advantages of inherent low insertion loss, high no-load quality factor Q u value, remarkable power processing capability and the like, and compared with rectangular waveguides with the same cross section size, the double-ridge waveguide has lower cut-off frequency and wider single-mode working bandwidth, so that the filter power divider manufactured by using the double-ridge waveguide has smaller size than the traditional rectangular waveguide filter power divider, meanwhile, the insertion loss is low, the no-load quality factor Q u value is high, the power processing capability is good, and the application requirement of a high-power system can be met.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the balanced filtering power divider comprises a metal cavity, wherein an input end and an output end of the metal cavity are respectively connected with an input structure and an output structure, the input structure comprises a pair of connectors for inputting differential signals, and the output structure comprises two pairs of connectors for outputting the differential signals; a metal ridge group is arranged on the inner wall of the metal cavity along the length direction; the metal ridge group comprises a pair of metal ridge blocks which are oppositely arranged and are not contacted, and one ends of the pair of metal ridge blocks are respectively contacted with two opposite inner walls in the metal cavity; the pair of connectors for inputting differential signals are respectively connected with the pair of metal ridge blocks close to the input end; the two pairs of connectors for outputting differential signals are respectively connected with two opposite sides of the pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end, and each pair of connectors for outputting differential signals are respectively connected with the pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end.
Further, the pair of connectors for inputting differential signals are symmetrically arranged along the central plane of the metal cavity in the length direction, the two pairs of connectors for outputting differential signals are symmetrically connected with two sides of the pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end, and each pair of connectors for outputting differential signals are symmetrically arranged along the central plane of the metal cavity in the length direction.
Further, the connector is an SMA-KFD port connector.
Further, the metal ridge groups are multiple and are arranged at intervals; the metal cavity is a rectangular metal cavity; each metal ridge group is arranged in the rectangular metal cavity to form a double-ridge waveguide, a rectangular waveguide is arranged between two adjacent double-ridge waveguides, and the double-ridge waveguide and the cut-off waveguide are cascaded to realize the filtering effect.
Further, the metal ridge block is rectangular.
Further, the number of the metal ridge groups is three, and the lengths of the pair of metal ridge blocks in the middle along the length direction of the metal cavity are different from the lengths of the pair of metal ridge blocks in the two ends along the length direction of the metal cavity, so that the structure is more compact.
Further, a plurality of the metal ridge groups are symmetrically arranged.
Further, the pair of metal ridge blocks are symmetrically arranged along the central plane in the length direction of the metal cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) When the double-ridge waveguide is used in a main mode state, the currents on the surfaces of the two ridges are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the double-ridge waveguide has inherent differential characteristics, so that differential input and differential output can be realized easily; in addition, under the same cross-section size, the double-ridge waveguide has lower cut-off frequency and wider single-mode working bandwidth than the rectangular waveguide, and by utilizing the characteristic, the problem of large size of the traditional rectangular waveguide filtering power divider can be solved, and meanwhile, the problems of more harmonic waves and poor spurious suppression of the dielectric filter are solved; and a pair of connectors are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the pair of metal ridge blocks at the output end to realize power distribution.
(2) The invention designs a balanced filtering power divider by utilizing the inherent differential characteristic of the double-ridge waveguide, has simple structure, higher unloaded quality factor Q u value and power processing capacity, lower insertion loss (S dd21|、|Sdd31 I) lower than 0.1dB, wide stop band suppression bandwidth on a differential mode and 30dB in the frequency range from 4.1GHz to 8.9 GHz; common mode rejection reaches 75dB in the differential mode passband and 55dB in the 0 to 6GHz frequency range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working mechanism of a balanced filter power divider based on a dual ridge waveguide of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 3D structure of a balanced filter power divider based on a dual ridge waveguide according to the present invention;
fig. 3 (a) is a schematic front view of a balanced filtering power divider based on a dual ridge waveguide according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic side view of a balanced filtering power divider based on dual ridge waveguides according to the present invention;
fig. 4 (a) is a diagram of the extraction result of the external quality factor of the excitation source in the balanced filter power divider based on the dual ridge waveguide according to the present invention;
fig. 4 (b) is a diagram of the extraction result of the external q factor of the load in the balanced filtering power divider based on the dual ridge waveguide according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of simulation results of a balanced filter power divider based on a dual ridge waveguide according to the present invention;
1, a first double-ridge waveguide; 2. a second dual ridge waveguide; 3. a third dual ridge waveguide; 4. rectangular waveguide.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment provides a balanced filtering power divider based on a double-ridge waveguide, which comprises a rectangular metal cavity, wherein a metal ridge group is arranged on the inner wall of the rectangular metal cavity along the length direction; the metal ridge group comprises a pair of metal ridge blocks which are oppositely arranged and are not contacted, and one end of each metal ridge block is respectively contacted with two opposite inner walls in the rectangular metal cavity; the input structure and the output structure are respectively arranged at the input end and the output end of the rectangular metal cavity; the input structure comprises a pair of connectors for inputting differential signals, and the pair of connectors for inputting the differential signals are respectively connected with a pair of metal ridge blocks close to the input end; the output structure comprises two pairs of connectors for outputting differential signals, the two pairs of connectors for outputting differential signals are respectively connected with two opposite sides of a pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end, and each pair of connectors for outputting differential signals are respectively connected with a pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end. The connector is an SMA-KFD type port connector. A pair of SMA-KFD type port connectors are placed on a pair of metal ridge blocks near an input end to serve as input, and two pairs of SMA-KFD type port connectors are placed on two opposite sides of the pair of metal ridge blocks near an output end when the output position is designed to be different from the input position.
In this embodiment, a pair of connectors for inputting differential signals are symmetrically arranged along a central plane in the length direction of the metal cavity, and two pairs of connectors for outputting differential signals are symmetrically connected to two sides of a pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end, and each pair of connectors for outputting differential signals are symmetrically arranged along a central plane in the length direction of the metal cavity.
In this embodiment, the metal ridge groups are three and arranged at intervals, the three metal ridge groups are symmetrically arranged, a pair of metal ridge blocks in each metal ridge group are symmetrically arranged along the central plane of the metal cavity in the length direction, the structural dimensions of the metal ridge blocks are the same, and the metal ridge blocks are rectangular. The length of the pair of metal ridge blocks in the middle along the length direction of the metal cavity is different from the length of the pair of metal ridge blocks at the two ends along the length direction of the metal cavity, so that the structure can be more compact.
Each metal ridge group is arranged in the rectangular metal cavity to form a double-ridge waveguide, and when the double-ridge waveguide works in a main mode, currents on the surfaces of the two ridges are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the double-ridge waveguide has inherent differential characteristics, so that differential input and differential output can be easily realized. Rectangular waveguides are arranged between two adjacent double-ridge waveguides, and the rectangular waveguides work below the cut-off frequency, namely the cut-off waveguides. The double-ridge waveguide is used as a resonator, and the cut-off waveguide is used as a coupling structure to be connected with the resonator. The cut-off waveguide has inductance characteristic, and the metal ridge block is inserted into the cut-off waveguide to have capacitance characteristic, so that resonance phenomenon can be generated.
The embodiment is a balanced type double-ridge waveguide filtering power divider with one-to-two mode, when the ridge waveguide works in a frequency range where the main mode and the single mode work, the main mode of the double-ridge waveguide can be excited under the excitation of a differential mode, and meanwhile, the symmetrical surface A-A' of the balanced type filtering power divider can be regarded as an electric wall. Under common mode excitation, the symmetry plane A-A' can be seen as a magnetic wall, in which case common mode transmission is not supported, either by a double-ridge waveguide or by a rectangular waveguide, and common mode signal transmission can be effectively suppressed in the vicinity of the differential mode passband frequency.
The specific working machine of the balanced filter power divider based on the double-ridge waveguide is shown in fig. 1, wherein the balanced filter power divider is differentially input by a pair of connectors at an input end and then output by two pairs of connectors at an output end, and the input or output of each pair of connectors is in constant amplitude and opposite phase. The three-dimensional structure diagram is shown in fig. 2, and the space coordinate is xyz, wherein the x direction represents the width direction of the rectangular metal cavity, the y direction represents the height direction of the rectangular metal cavity, and the z direction represents the length direction of the rectangular metal cavity. A central plane in the length direction of the metal cavity, the central plane being parallel to the xz plane; the metal cavity has a central plane perpendicular to its length direction, which is parallel to the xy-plane. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of SMA-KFD type port connectors (input end 1+ and input end 1-) are symmetrically arranged at one end of the balanced filter power divider, and two pairs of SMA-KFD type port connectors (output end 2+ and output end 2-; output end 3+ and output end 3-) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the other end of the balanced filter power divider. In order to specifically explain the schematic front view and the schematic side view of the structure of the present embodiment shown in fig. 3 (a) and fig. 3 (b), one end of the first pair of metal ridge groups disposed in the rectangular waveguide 4 is a first double-ridge waveguide 1, the middle of the second pair of metal ridge groups disposed in the rectangular waveguide 4 is a second double-ridge waveguide 2, the other end of the third pair of metal ridge groups disposed in the rectangular waveguide 4 is a third double-ridge waveguide 3, the distances between every two adjacent metal ridge groups along the length direction of the rectangular waveguide are equal, three metal ridge blocks in the length direction of the rectangular waveguide 4 are cascaded to form a three-stage resonator, the rectangular waveguides between the adjacent metal ridge groups serve as coupling functions to connect the resonator, and energy is transferred. As shown in fig. 2, the metal ridge group and the connector are located at the middle position of the metal cavity in the width direction of the metal cavity.
The power distribution ratio of the embodiment is 1:1, and external figures of merit of the excitation source and the load can be extracted by weak coupling respectively, as shown in fig. 4, where (a) in fig. 4 is an extraction result of the external figures of merit of the excitation source, and (b) in fig. 4 is an extraction result of the external figures of merit of the load. When the external figure of merit of the load is twice that of the external stimulus, the position of the probe connection at the ridge can be determined, and only one external figure of merit of the load needs to be extracted due to the symmetry of the positions. The simulation result of the balanced double-ridge waveguide filter power divider is shown in fig. 5, the center frequency is 3.5GHz, the 3db Fractional Bandwidth (FBW) is about 13%, and the coverage frequency range is 3.28-3.71 GHz. The measured differential mode return loss (|s dd11 |) and insertion loss (|s dd21|、|Sdd31 |) were 20dB and 0.1dB, respectively. The frequency range of the stop band suppression (|S dd21|、|Sdd31 |) on the differential mode is wider and is more than 30dB in the range of 4.1-8.9 GHz. Common mode rejection (|s cc21|、|Scc31 |) is better than 75dB in the differential mode passband and better than 55dB in the 0 to 6GHz frequency range. All of the above parameters exhibit the excellent properties of the present invention.
The parameters of the components of the balanced filter power divider in this embodiment are as follows: the length of the metal cavity along the z-axis direction is 72.1mm, the width along the x-axis direction is 25.2mm, and the height along the y-axis direction is 25.2mm; the length of the two pairs of metal ridge blocks at the two ends along the z-axis direction is 13.2mm, the width along the x-axis direction is 10mm, and the height along the y-axis direction is 10.8mm; the length of the middle pair of metal ridge blocks along the z-axis direction is 4.3mm, the width along the x-axis direction is 10mm, and the height along the y-axis direction is 10.8mm; the distance between two adjacent metal ridge groups is 16mm; the distance w 1 between one end of the metal ridge block, which is connected with the connector and is close to the input end, and the end wall of the rectangular metal cavity, where the connector is arranged, is 4.5mm, and the distance d 1 between the axis of the connector, which is connected with the metal ridge block, which is close to the input end, and the end, which is in contact with the inner wall of the rectangular metal cavity, is 6.2mm; the distance w 2 between the axis of the connector connected with the metal ridge block near the output end and one end of the metal ridge block near the input end is 3.6mm; the distance w 3 between the metal ridge block near the output end and the end wall of the rectangular metal cavity near the output end along the x-axis direction is 5.5mm; the distance d 2 between the axis of the connector connected with the metal ridge block near the output end and the end of the metal ridge block contacted with the inner wall of the rectangular metal cavity is 5.4mm. The probe of the connector passes through the rectangular metal cavity and is connected with the metal ridge block, the length of the probe of the input signal is w 1, and the height of the probe of the input signal is d 1.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and other embodiments of the present invention are possible in addition to the embodiments described above. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The balanced filtering power divider based on the double-ridge waveguide is characterized by comprising a metal cavity, wherein an input end and an output end of the metal cavity are respectively connected with an input structure and an output structure, the input structure comprises a pair of connectors for inputting differential signals, and the output structure comprises two pairs of connectors for outputting the differential signals; a metal ridge group is arranged on the inner wall of the metal cavity along the length direction; the metal ridge group comprises a pair of metal ridge blocks which are oppositely arranged and are not contacted, one end of each metal ridge block is contacted with one inner wall in the metal cavity, and the other end of each metal ridge block is contacted with the opposite inner wall in the metal cavity; the pair of connectors for inputting differential signals are respectively connected with the pair of metal ridge blocks close to the input end; the two pairs of connectors for outputting differential signals are respectively connected with two opposite sides of the pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end, and each pair of connectors for outputting differential signals are respectively connected with the pair of metal ridge blocks close to the output end.
2. The balanced filtering power divider based on the dual ridge waveguide according to claim 1, wherein the pair of connectors for inputting differential signals are symmetrically arranged along a central plane in a length direction of the metal cavity, the two pairs of connectors for outputting differential signals are symmetrically connected to two sides of the pair of metal ridge blocks near the output end, and each pair of connectors for outputting differential signals are symmetrically arranged along a central plane in a length direction of the metal cavity.
3. The dual ridge waveguide based balanced filter power divider of claim 1, wherein the connector is an SMA-KFD port connector.
4. The balanced filter power divider based on dual ridge waveguides of claim 1, wherein the set of metal ridges is a plurality of and spaced apart.
5. The balanced filter power divider based on a dual-ridge waveguide according to claim 4, wherein the number of the metal ridge groups is three, and the length of a pair of metal ridge blocks located in the middle along the length direction of the metal cavity is different from the length of a pair of metal ridge blocks located at two ends along the length direction of the metal cavity.
6. The balanced filter power divider based on dual ridge waveguides of claim 4, wherein a plurality of said sets of metal ridges are symmetrically arranged.
7. The dual ridge waveguide based balanced filter power divider of claim 1, wherein the metal cavity is a rectangular metal cavity.
8. The dual ridge waveguide based balanced filter power divider of claim 1, wherein the metal ridge block is rectangular.
9. The balanced filter power divider based on a dual ridge waveguide according to claim 1, wherein the pair of metal ridge blocks are symmetrically arranged along a central plane in a length direction of the metal cavity.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109509950A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-03-22 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of compact dual-frequency waveguide filter |
| CN113113751A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 南通大学 | Balanced filtering power divider for self-isolation substrate integrated waveguide |
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| US7663452B2 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2010-02-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secertary Of The Navy | Ridge-waveguide filter and filter bank |
| KR101094428B1 (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-12-15 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Waveguide Bandpass Filter |
| CN106910971A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-30 | 西北核技术研究所 | Five port waveguide power dividers based on ridge waveguide structure and preparation method thereof |
| FR3073325B1 (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2021-04-09 | Centre Nat Detudes Spatiales C N E S | TWO-MODE PARALLEL PLANS STRUCTURED WAVEGUIDE |
| CN108767399A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-06 | 郑州美赫电子科技有限公司 | A kind of four road ridge waveguide power splitter of double ridge rectangular waveguides based on metal ridge |
| CN117393984B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-08-16 | 南通大学 | Orthogonal double-ridge dielectric waveguide resonator and filter comprising same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109509950A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-03-22 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of compact dual-frequency waveguide filter |
| CN113113751A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 南通大学 | Balanced filtering power divider for self-isolation substrate integrated waveguide |
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