CN117888513A - Fish collecting device and method based on fish lifting machine system - Google Patents
Fish collecting device and method based on fish lifting machine system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117888513A CN117888513A CN202410290221.0A CN202410290221A CN117888513A CN 117888513 A CN117888513 A CN 117888513A CN 202410290221 A CN202410290221 A CN 202410290221A CN 117888513 A CN117888513 A CN 117888513A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fish migration auxiliary equipment, in particular to a fish collecting device and a fish collecting method based on a fish lift system, wherein the device comprises a buoyancy fish tank, the density of the buoyancy fish tank is smaller than that of water in a vertical shaft, the buoyancy fish tank comprises a fish guiding assembly, the diameter of the lower end of the fish guiding assembly is smaller than that of the upper end of the fish guiding assembly, and the lower end of the fish guiding assembly is provided with a mounting hole; the fish collecting hopper is arranged in the mounting hole, the upper part of the fish collecting hopper is provided with an outwardly extending hanging lug part, the hanging lug part can be lapped on the mounting hole, and the gravity of the fish collecting hopper can drive the buoyancy fish tank to sink; the fish lift system further comprises a lifting device connected to the fish gathering bucket for lifting and transferring the fish gathering bucket. Through setting up split type album of fish device, can reduce the required working space of transportation collection fish bucket, also can reduce the requirement to hoisting accessory, and the surprise to the fish is little, can effectively avoid the fish to scurry in disorder in the shaft and cause injury, is favorable to the fish to keep current reproduction earlier stage's state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fish migration auxiliary equipment, in particular to a fish collecting device and a fish collecting method based on a fish lift system.
Background
Spawning migration is one of the important stages in many fish life cycles, which refers to migration of fish from their normally inhabited living environment to a particular breeding place for spawning, for example, some salmon swim back from the ocean to a freshwater river for spawning. However, their migration paths are generally affected by human activities, such as manually constructing a dam for hydroelectric power generation, water storage, etc., directly cutting off the path of fish migration, so that they cannot spawn upstream through the dam, seriously threatening the reproduction and population health of the migratory spawning fish, and being unfavorable for maintaining ecological balance.
At present, a fishway is built, a fish collecting device is arranged on the fishway to collect fish, and then the collected fish is transported through a dam in a manual transportation mode to assist fish migration. However, the existing fish collecting device is large in size, and great inconvenience is brought to the work of lifting water and transferring the water to a dam after fish collection.
Based on the fish collecting device, the fish collecting device based on the fish lift system is provided with a split structure, the fish is collected by using the larger buoyancy fish tank, and the smaller fish collecting hopper is used for transferring the collected fish, so that the lifting water outlet after fish collection and the transferring work of a dam are greatly facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fish collecting device and a fish collecting method based on a fish lifting machine system, which can at least partially overcome the technical problems, realize large-scale collection and small-working-space transportation and save the cost of auxiliary migration.
The invention provides a fish collecting device based on a fish lifting machine system, which comprises a vertical shaft, wherein the fish lifting machine system can collect fish to the position of the vertical shaft, the fish collecting device is arranged in the vertical shaft, and the fish collecting device can move in the vertical shaft along the vertical direction; the fish collecting device includes: the buoyancy fish tank is less than the water in the vertical shaft in density and comprises a fish guiding assembly, the lower end diameter of the fish guiding assembly is less than the upper end diameter, and the lower end of the fish guiding assembly is provided with a mounting hole; the fish collecting hopper is arranged in the mounting hole, an outwardly extending hanging lug part is arranged at the upper part of the fish collecting hopper, the hanging lug part can be lapped on the mounting hole, and the gravity of the fish collecting hopper can drive the buoyancy fish box to sink; the fish lift system further comprises a lifting device connected to the fish gathering bucket for lifting and transferring the fish gathering bucket.
Further, a fish placing opening is formed in the bottom of the fish collecting hopper, and a sliding guide sleeve is further arranged below the fish placing opening; the fish collecting device further comprises a blocking plug, the blocking plug comprises a blocking portion and a plug rod located below the blocking portion, the plug rod is inserted into the guide sliding sleeve, the plug rod can slide in the guide sliding sleeve along the vertical direction, and the blocking portion can block the fish opening in the process of downwards sliding of the plug rod.
Further, a groove is formed in the position of the fish placing opening, and a sealing piece is arranged in the groove; in the process of downwards sliding the plug rod, the plugging part is abutted to the sealing piece.
Further, the fish guiding assembly comprises an outer frame, an inner frame and a first filter screen part arranged between the outer frame and the inner frame, wherein the hanging lug part can be lapped on the inner frame; the buoyancy fish tank further comprises a floating body, wherein the floating body is located below the fish guiding assembly, and the floating body is abutted to the outer frame and used for providing buoyancy to enable the fish guiding assembly to float upwards.
Further, the outer frame is an elastic piece in a stretching state, the first filter screen part is a flexible piece, the inner frame is a rigid piece, and the floating body extends upwards to form a plurality of guide rods which are folded inwards; under the condition that the fish gathering hopper is sunk, the outer frame stretches and abuts against the base parts of the guide rods, and in the process that the fish gathering hopper is lifted, the outer frame contracts and slides upwards along the guide rods.
Further, a first magnet is arranged on the upper side of the inner frame, and a second magnet which can attract the first magnet is arranged on the lower side of the hanging lug part; the lower side of the inner frame is connected with the floating body through a rope, and the rope is not tensioned under the condition that the fish collecting hopper is submerged.
Further, a supporting table is further arranged at the tail end of each guide rod, the fish collecting device further comprises a separation net, the separation net comprises an abutting part and a second filter screen part, and the lower side of the abutting part abuts against the upper side of the supporting table; in the process that the fish collecting hopper is lifted, the upper side of the hanging lug part can be abutted to the lower side of the abutting part, and the abutting part is separated from the supporting table.
Further, a third magnet is provided on the upper side of the ear portion, and a fourth magnet capable of attracting with the third magnet is provided on the lower side of the contact portion.
Further, a plurality of sliding rails in the vertical direction are arranged in the vertical shaft, the sliding rails protrude out of the side wall of the vertical shaft, wheel sets corresponding to the sliding rails one by one are arranged on the side wall of the buoyancy fish box, and for any sliding rail, the wheel set corresponding to the sliding rail comprises a first roller and a second roller which are respectively abutted to two side surfaces of the sliding rail, and a third roller which is abutted to the top surface of the sliding rail.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a fish collecting device and a fish collecting method based on a fish lift system, where the method is based on the fish collecting device, and the method includes the following steps: step 1, installing the buoyancy fish tank in the vertical shaft; step 2, lifting the fish collecting hopper to the upper part of the vertical shaft through the lifting device and lowering the fish collecting hopper, so that the buoyancy fish tank sinks under the action of the gravity of the fish collecting hopper; step 3, after the fish collecting hopper and the buoyancy fish box sink to a preset depth, collecting fish to the position of the vertical shaft through the fish lift system; step 4, lifting the fish collecting hopper through the lifting device, wherein the buoyancy fish box moves upwards together with the fish collecting hopper under the action of buoyancy, and the buoyancy fish box guides fish into the fish collecting hopper in the process of floating on the water surface; and 5, continuously lifting the fish collecting hopper through the lifting device to finish one-time fish collecting operation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the fish collecting device and the fish collecting method based on the fish lifting machine system, the split fish collecting device is arranged, large-size fish guiding assemblies are utilized for large-scale collection, and smaller fish collecting hoppers are utilized for transportation, so that on one hand, the working space required by transporting the fish collecting hoppers can be reduced, the requirement on the lifting device can be lowered, the lifting device with smaller lifting capacity can be selected, and the cost is saved; on the other hand, the large-range fish guiding assembly has mild action in the process of collecting the fish into the fish collecting hopper, has small surprise on the fish, can effectively avoid injury caused by disordered channeling of the fish in the vertical shaft, and has the smallest surprise, so that the fish guiding assembly is beneficial to keeping the current state and hormone level, and ensures that the fish can be propagated to the upstream in a normal propagation state;
2. according to the fish collecting device and the fish collecting method based on the fish lifting machine system, when the fish is transported to the fish placing position after the fish is collected, the fish placing operation is not needed to be manually executed, only one stop piece is needed to be arranged at the fish placing position, the fish collecting hopper is lifted to the position above the stop piece, and then the fish collecting hopper is lowered, so that the lower part of the plug rod is abutted to the stop piece, the plug rod is stopped, the fish collecting hopper is continuously lowered under the action of gravity, and the fish placing opening can be opened; after the fish is put, the empty fish collecting hopper is lifted, the sealing plug falls under the action of gravity, and the sealing part automatically seals the fish putting port, so that the next fish collecting operation is facilitated;
3. according to the fish collecting device and the fish collecting method based on the fish lift system, after fish is collected, the fish collecting hopper is lifted, so that the outer frame loses the gravity constraint of the fish collecting hopper, the outer frame gradually contracts and slides upwards along the guide rod in the contraction process, so that the included angle between the side surface formed by the first filter screen part and the vertical direction is gradually reduced, namely, the side surface formed by the first filter screen part is gradually steeper, fish in the range of the first filter screen part can be further driven to enter the fish collecting hopper, floating impurities collected in the vertical shaft can be collected in the fish collecting hopper, the influence of the impurities on the water filtering effect of the buoyancy fish tank due to the collection of the impurities on the first filter screen part is avoided, and the phenomenon that the impurities remain in the vertical shaft and block the slide rail of the buoyancy fish tank is avoided;
4. according to the fish collecting device and the fish collecting method based on the fish lift system, in the process of lifting the fish collecting hopper, the upper side of the hanging lug part of the fish collecting hopper is automatically abutted to the lower side of the abutting part, so that the operation of covering a net above the fish collecting hopper is completed, and the phenomenon that fish in the fish collecting hopper jump out of the fish collecting hopper in the lifting process is avoided; after the fish collecting hopper is lifted into the vertical shaft, the abutting part of the separating net is limited by the supporting table, so that the separating net and the fish collecting hopper are separated automatically without excessive manual operation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a fish collecting apparatus installed in a shaft of a fish lift system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fish-collecting bucket according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein the plugging plug does not plug the fish-placing port;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the area A according to FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is another cross-sectional view of the fish-collecting bucket according to the embodiment of the invention, wherein the plugging plug plugs the fish-placing opening;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of region B according to FIG. 5;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a buoyancy fish tank according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of the buoyancy fish tank according to fig. 6, in which the fish gathering bucket is sunk and the inner frame is depressed (the fish gathering bucket is not shown);
FIG. 8 is another cross-sectional view of the buoyancy fish tank shown in FIG. 6, with the fish gathering bucket lifted, the outer frame retracted and slid up the guide rods (the fish gathering bucket not shown);
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of region C according to FIG. 6;
fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a fish collecting device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of the fish gathering device according to FIG. 10;
fig. 12 is a sectional view of the fish collecting apparatus according to fig. 10, in which the fish collecting hopper is sunk and the inner frame is pressed down;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion of region D according to FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is another cross-sectional view of the fish-collecting device according to FIG. 10, with the fish-collecting hopper lifted and abutting against the screen;
fig. 15 is a partial enlarged view of the E region according to fig. 14.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
1-a vertical shaft; 11-a slide rail; 2-buoyancy fish tank; 21-an outer frame; 22-inner frame; 23-a first screen section; 24-floating body; 25-a guide rod; 26-rope; 27-a support table; 3-a fish collecting bucket; 31-ear hanging; 32-a fish placing port; 33-a sliding guide sleeve; 34-plugging; 341-a plug; 342-stopper rod; 35-grooves; 36-a seal; 4-a separation net; 41-abutment; 42-second screen section.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is already in a practical development and use stage.
The invention provides a fish collecting device based on a fish lift system, which is used for at least partially overcoming the technical problems and realizing the beneficial effects.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fish collecting device based on a fish lift system, the fish lift system includes a shaft 1, the fish lift system can collect fish to a position where the shaft 1 is located, the fish collecting device is installed in the shaft 1, and the fish collecting device can move in a vertical direction in the shaft 1; the fish collecting device includes: the buoyancy fish tank 2, the density of the buoyancy fish tank 2 is smaller than that of the water in the vertical shaft 1, the buoyancy fish tank 2 comprises a fish guiding component, the lower port diameter of the fish guiding component is smaller than the upper port diameter, the lower end of the fish guiding component forms a mounting hole, preferably, the outer side of the fish guiding component is higher than the inner side, the size castings from the outer side to the inner side are adduction to form a funnel shape, so that the fish can be conveniently collected into the fish collecting hopper 3, and the side wall of the fish guiding component can drain; the fish collecting hopper 3 is arranged in the mounting hole, the upper part of the fish collecting hopper 3 is provided with an outwardly extending hanging lug part 31, the hanging lug part 31 can be lapped on the mounting hole, and the gravity of the fish collecting hopper 3 can drive the buoyancy fish tank 2 to sink; the fish lift system further comprises a lifting device connected to the fish gathering bucket 3 for lifting and transferring the fish gathering bucket 3.
Preferably, a plurality of sliding rails 11 in the vertical direction are disposed in the vertical shaft 1, the sliding rails 11 protrude from the side wall of the vertical shaft 1, a wheel set corresponding to each sliding rail 11 one by one is disposed on the side wall of the buoyancy fish tank 2, and for any sliding rail 11, the wheel set corresponding to the sliding rail 11 comprises a first roller and a second roller respectively abutting against two side surfaces of the sliding rail 11, and a third roller abutting against the top surface of the sliding rail 11. Based on this, the cooperation of slide rail 11 and wheelset can play the effect of direction to buoyancy fish box 2 for buoyancy fish box 2 can more smoothly along vertical direction upwards float or sink in shaft 1, avoid can not collecting the synchronous upward movement of fish bucket 3 because of buoyancy fish box 2 slope jamming.
Based on this, when the fish collecting device is installed, firstly, the buoyancy fish box 2 is installed in the vertical shaft 1, then the fish collecting hopper 3 is hung into the vertical shaft 1, so that the fish collecting hopper 3 is inserted into the installation hole, at this time, the hanging lug part 31 is lapped on the upper side of the installation hole, and then the fish collecting hopper 3 and the buoyancy fish box 2 sink together in the vertical shaft 1 under the gravity action of the fish collecting hopper 3; the fish is then gathered in the shaft 1 by the fish lift system (e.g. fish entering the fishway are driven into the shaft 1 and restrained back into the fishway); thereafter, the fish gathering bucket 3 is lifted upwards, and the buoyancy fish tank 2 loses the pressure exerted by the fish gathering bucket 3 and floats upwards along with the fish gathering bucket 3; in the process that the fish collecting hopper 3 floats out of the water surface, the fish guiding assembly drips, and fish in the range of the fish guiding assembly is gradually collected into the fish collecting hopper 3 along with the reduction of the water level in the fish guiding assembly, so that the collection of the fish is completed, the collection process is natural, and no great surprise is generated. Therefore, when the collected fishes are transported through the dam, only the smaller fish collecting hopper 3 is needed to be lifted, and a larger integral fish collecting hopper 3 is not needed to be lifted, so that the operation space required by transporting the fish collecting hopper 3 can be greatly reduced, the requirement on a lifting device can be reduced, the lifting device with smaller lifting capacity can be selected, and the cost is saved; in addition, in order to reduce the surprise caused to the fish by the surprise in the fish-driving process, the dimensions of the fishways and shafts 1 of the fish-lift system are generally large (especially for the more sensitive fish to be propagated in a migration way, the small-sized fishways and shafts 1 can cause injuries caused by the disordered channeling of the fish in the fishways and shafts 1, and the surprise can influence the propagation of the fish), and the fish-collecting device can design the fish-guiding assembly larger under the condition of using the smaller fish-collecting hopper 3, thereby realizing the collection of the fish in the wide-range shaft 1 (i.e. the shaft 1 with large cross-sectional area), and ensuring that the surprise to the fish is small in the process of driving the fish into the shaft 1 and collecting the fish in the shaft 1 into the fish-collecting hopper 3. That is, by arranging the split fish collecting device, large-scale fish guiding components are utilized to collect in a large range, and the smaller fish collecting hopper 3 is utilized to transport, so that on one hand, the working space required by transporting the fish collecting hopper 3 can be reduced, the requirement on the lifting device can be lowered, the lifting device with smaller lifting capacity can be selected, and the cost is saved; on the other hand, the large-range fish guiding assembly is mild in action in the process of collecting the fish into the fish collecting hopper 3, has small surprise on the fish, can effectively avoid injury caused by disordered channeling of the fish in the vertical shaft 1, and is beneficial to keeping the current state and hormone level as small as possible, so that the fish can be propagated to the upstream in a normal propagation state.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2 to 5, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different in that the fish collecting device based on the fish lift system provided in this embodiment has a fish opening 32 formed at the bottom of the fish collecting bucket 3, and a sliding guide sleeve 33 is further disposed below the fish opening 32; the fish collecting device further comprises a blocking plug 34, the blocking plug 34 comprises a blocking portion 341 and a plug rod 342 located below the blocking portion 341, the plug rod 342 is inserted into the sliding guide sleeve 33, the plug rod 342 can slide in the sliding guide sleeve 33 along the vertical direction, and the blocking portion 341 can block the fish placing port 32 in the process of sliding the plug rod 342 downwards.
Based on this, in the fish collecting device provided in this embodiment, after completing the collection of the fish (after collecting the fish in the shaft 1 into the fish collecting bucket 3), when transferring to the fish placing place, the fish placing operation is not required to be manually performed, only one stop piece is required to be arranged at the place, the fish collecting bucket 3 is lifted to the upper side of the stop piece, then the fish collecting bucket 3 is lowered, the lower side of the plug 342 is abutted with the stop piece, the plug 342 is stopped, the fish collecting bucket 3 is continuously lowered under the action of gravity, then the plugging part 341 is separated from the fish placing port 32, the fish placing port 32 is opened, and the fish and water in the fish collecting bucket 3 are discharged from the fish placing port 32 accordingly, so that the automatic fish placing of the fish collecting bucket 3 is completed. Preferably, the stop is positioned on the water surface, such as the surface of an upstream river or the surface of a fish carrier, so that fish discharged from the fish discharge port 32 directly enter the water, reducing the surprise to the migratory fish; after the fish is put, the empty fish collecting hopper 3 is lifted, the sealing plug 34 falls under the action of gravity, and the sealing plug part 341 automatically seals the fish putting port 32, so that the next fish collecting operation is facilitated.
Preferably, a groove 35 is further formed at the position of the fish opening 32, and a sealing member 36 is arranged in the groove 35; during the downward sliding of the plug rod 342, the sealing member 36 is abutted by the blocking portion 341, preferably, the outer edge of the blocking portion 341 abuts the sealing member 36. Thereby, it is ensured that the fish collecting hopper 3 holds enough water during the transportation process. Further, the side wall of the lower part of the inner space of the fish collecting hopper 3 is in a funnel shape, and the groove 35 is formed on the funnel-shaped side wall, that is, as shown in fig. 3, the outer side of the groove 35 is higher than the inner side, and correspondingly, the sealing member 36 is also in a cross-sectional shape with the outer side higher than the inner side. Based on this, after the plugging portion 341 plugs the fish-placing opening 32, the outer edge of the plugging portion 341 abuts against the sealing member 36, and in the process that the fish-collecting bucket 3 is lifted, the water in the fish-collecting bucket 3 applies downward pressure to the plugging portion 341, and the plugging portion 341 is further pressed down, so that the outer side of the sealing member 36 is extruded upward and is tightly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the plugging portion 341, and at this time, the lower end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the plugging portion 341 are tightly attached to the sealing member 36, so that the sealing effect is further enhanced, and the water in the fish-collecting bucket 3 is ensured not to leak in the transportation process.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 6 to 9, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, except that the fish collecting device based on the fish lift system provided in this embodiment, the fish guiding assembly includes an outer frame 21 and an inner frame 22, and a first filter screen portion 23 disposed between the outer frame 21 and the inner frame 22, and the hanging tab portion 31 can overlap the inner frame 22 (i.e. the inner frame 22 corresponds to the aforementioned mounting hole); the buoyancy fish tank 2 further comprises a floating body 24, wherein the floating body 24 is located below the fish guiding assembly, and the floating body 24 is abutted to the outer frame 21 and used for providing buoyancy to enable the fish guiding assembly to float upwards.
Further, the outer frame 21 is an elastic member in a stretched state, the first screen portion 23 is a flexible member, the inner frame 22 is a rigid member, and the floating body 24 extends upward to have a plurality of guide rods 25 which are folded inward; in the case where the fish bucket 3 is submerged, the outer frame 21 is stretched and abutted against the base of each guide rod 25, and during the lifting of the fish bucket 3, the outer frame 21 is contracted and slid upward along the guide rods 25.
Based on this, when the hanger part 31 of the fish gathering bucket 3 is not contacted with the inner frame 22, the gravity action of the inner frame 22 causes the outer frame 21 to slightly stretch the first sleeve on each guide rod 25, and at this time, the included angle between the side surface formed by the first filter screen part 23 and the vertical direction is alpha; in the sinking process of the fish collecting hopper 3, the hanging lug parts 31 of the fish collecting hopper 3 are lapped on the inner frame 22, the elastic outer frame 21 sleeved on the outer side of each guide rod 25 is forced to slide downwards along the guide rods 25 and further stretched in the sliding process, and finally the outer frame 21 is abutted against the base part of each guide rod 25, at the moment, the included angle between the side surface formed by the first filter screen part 23 and the vertical direction is beta; clearly, α < β. Then, after collecting fish, the fish collecting bucket 3 is lifted, the outer frame 21 loses the gravity constraint of the fish collecting bucket 3, the outer frame 21 gradually contracts and slides upwards along the guide rod 25 in the contracting process, so that the included angle between the side surface formed by the first filter screen portion 23 and the vertical direction gradually decreases, that is, the side surface formed by the first filter screen portion 23 is gradually steeper, the fish in the range of the first filter screen portion 23 can be further driven to enter the fish collecting bucket 3, and the process can also be beneficial to collecting floating impurities (such as pasture and water, wood dust, floating garbage and the like) collected in the vertical shaft 1 into the fish collecting bucket 3 (the floating impurities can be often attached to the first filter screen portion 23 or hung on the mesh of the first filter screen portion 23, the first filter screen portion 23 with a smaller gradient is not beneficial to collecting the floating impurities into the fish collecting bucket 3), the influence of the impurity collection on the first filter screen portion 23 on the water filtering effect of the buoyancy fish tank 2 and the retention of the impurities in the vertical shaft 1 are avoided, and the blocking of the sliding rail 11 of the buoyancy fish tank 2 is also avoided.
More preferably, a first magnet is provided on the upper side of the inner frame 22, and a second magnet capable of attracting with the first magnet is provided on the lower side of the ear portion 31; the underside of the inner frame 22 is connected to the float 24 by means of a rope 26, and in the event of the fish hopper 3 sinking, the rope 26 is not tensioned.
Based on this, in the process that the fish collecting hopper 3 is lifted, the first magnet and the second magnet are in the attracted state, so that the inner frame 22 can be ensured to be always clung to the hanging lug part 31, a gap is not generated between the hanging lug part 31 and the inner frame 22, fish or floating impurities in the range of the first filter screen part 23 enter the lower side of the first filter screen part 23 from the gap, and the fish or floating impurities are retained below the first filter screen part 23; in addition, when the hanger part 31 is about to abut against the upper side of the inner frame 22 after the fish collecting hopper 3 is inserted into the inner frame 22, a guiding effect is generated on the fish collecting hopper 3 under the attraction of the first magnet and the second magnet, so that the offset between the fish collecting hopper 3 and the inner frame 22 is avoided, and the fish collecting effect is ensured. The ropes 26 can timely pull the suction lugs 31 and the inner frame 22 off, so that the lifted fish collecting hopper 3 is prevented from taking the fish guiding assembly out of the vertical shaft 1 or pulling the fish guiding assembly off the guide rod 25.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 10 to 15, a supporting table 27 is further provided at the end of each guide rod 25, the fish collecting device further comprises a screen 4, the screen 4 comprises an abutting portion 41 and a second screen portion 42, and the lower side of the abutting portion 41 abuts against the upper side of the supporting table 27; during the lifting of the fish bucket 3, the upper side of the hanging portion 31 can abut against the lower side of the abutting portion 41, and the abutting portion 41 can be separated from the support table 27.
Based on the above, in the process of lifting the fish collecting hopper 3, the upper side of the hanging lug part 31 of the fish collecting hopper 3 automatically abuts against the lower side of the abutting part 41, so that the operation of covering the net above the fish collecting hopper 3 is completed, and the fish in the fish collecting hopper 3 is prevented from jumping out of the fish collecting hopper 3 in the lifting process; after the fish bucket 3 is lifted into the shaft 1, the abutment 41 of the screen 4 is restricted by the support table 27, and the screen 4 and the fish bucket 3 are separated.
More preferably, a third magnet is provided on the upper side of the hanging portion 31, and a fourth magnet capable of attracting with the third magnet is provided on the lower side of the abutting portion 41.
Based on the above, in the lifting process, the separation net 4 can be ensured to be always kept on the fish collecting hopper 3, and the separation effect of the cover net is ensured; in addition, the arrangement of the third magnet and the fourth magnet is also beneficial to the correct matching of the fish collecting hopper 3 and the separation net 4, so that effective separation is formed.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a fish collecting method, which is based on the fish collecting device, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing the buoyancy fish tank 2 in the vertical shaft 1;
step 2, lifting the fish collecting hopper 3 to the upper part of the vertical shaft 1 through the lifting device and lowering the fish collecting hopper, so that the buoyancy fish tank 2 sinks under the action of the gravity of the fish collecting hopper 3;
step 3, after the fish collecting hopper 3 and the buoyancy fish tank 2 sink to a preset depth, collecting fish to the position of the vertical shaft 1 through the fish lift system;
step 4, lifting the fish collecting hopper 3 by the lifting device, wherein the buoyancy fish tank 2 moves upwards together with the fish collecting hopper 3 under the action of buoyancy, and the buoyancy fish tank 2 guides fish into the fish collecting hopper 3 in the process of floating on the water surface;
and 5, continuously lifting the fish collecting hopper 3 by the lifting device to finish one-time fish collecting operation.
By the method, the fishes collected in the vertical shaft 1 can be conveniently and rapidly collected in the fish collecting hopper 3, and then only the small-size fish collecting hopper 3 is required to be lifted, so that the working space required by lifting the fish collecting hopper 3 is reduced, the requirement on a lifting device is also reduced, and the cost can be saved.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fish collecting device based on the fish lifting machine system is characterized by comprising a vertical shaft (1), wherein the fish lifting machine system can collect fish to the position of the vertical shaft (1), the fish collecting device is arranged in the vertical shaft (1), and the fish collecting device can move in the vertical shaft (1) along the vertical direction;
the fish collecting device includes:
the buoyancy fish tank (2), the density of the buoyancy fish tank (2) is smaller than that of water in the vertical shaft (1), the buoyancy fish tank (2) comprises a fish guiding assembly, the lower end diameter of the fish guiding assembly is smaller than the upper end diameter, and the lower end of the fish guiding assembly is provided with a mounting hole;
the fish collecting hopper (3), the fish collecting hopper (3) is arranged in the mounting hole, the upper part of the fish collecting hopper (3) is provided with an outwardly extending hanging lug part (31), the hanging lug part (31) can be lapped on the mounting hole, and the gravity of the fish collecting hopper (3) can drive the buoyancy fish box (2) to sink;
the fish lift system further comprises a lifting device connected to the fish gathering bucket (3) for lifting and transferring the fish gathering bucket (3).
2. The fish collecting device based on the fish lifting machine system according to claim 1, wherein a fish placing opening (32) is formed at the bottom of the fish collecting hopper (3), and a sliding guide sleeve (33) is further arranged below the fish placing opening (32);
the fish collecting device further comprises a sealing plug (34), the sealing plug (34) comprises a sealing portion (341) and a plug rod (342) located below the sealing portion (341), the plug rod (342) is inserted into the guide sliding sleeve (33), the plug rod (342) can slide in the guide sliding sleeve (33) along the vertical direction, and the sealing portion (341) can seal the fish placing port (32) in the process of downwards sliding of the plug rod (342).
3. A fish gathering device based on a fish lift system as recited by claim 2 wherein a groove (35) is also provided at the location of the fish opening (32), a seal (36) being provided in the groove (35);
during the downward sliding process of the plug rod (342), the blocking part (341) is abutted against the sealing piece (36).
4. A fish gathering device based on a fish lift system as recited in claim 1 wherein the fish guide assembly comprises an outer frame (21) and an inner frame (22), and a first screen section (23) disposed between the outer frame (21) and the inner frame (22), the tab section (31) being capable of overlapping the inner frame (22);
the buoyancy fish tank (2) further comprises a floating body (24), the floating body (24) is located below the fish guiding assembly, and the floating body (24) is abutted to the outer frame (21) and used for providing buoyancy to enable the fish guiding assembly to float upwards.
5. A fish gathering device based on a fish lift system as recited by claim 4 wherein the outer frame (21) is a flexible member in a stretched state, the first screen section (23) is a flexible member, the inner frame (22) is a rigid member, and the float (24) extends upwardly with a plurality of inwardly drawn guide rods (25);
under the condition that the fish collecting hopper (3) is sunken, the outer frame (21) stretches and abuts against the base of each guide rod (25), and during the process that the fish collecting hopper (3) is lifted, the outer frame (21) contracts and slides upwards along the guide rods (25).
6. Fish gathering device based on a fish lift system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that a first magnet is provided on the upper side of the inner frame (22), and a second magnet is provided on the lower side of the lugs (31) which is able to attract the first magnet; the underside of the inner frame (22) is connected with the floating body (24) through ropes (26), and the ropes (26) are not tensioned under the condition that the fish collecting hopper (3) is submerged.
7. A fish gathering device based on a fish lift system as recited in claim 5 wherein a support table (27) is further provided at the end of each guide bar (25), the fish gathering device further comprising a screen (4), the screen (4) comprising an abutment portion (41) and a second screen portion (42), the underside of the abutment portion (41) being in abutment with the upper side of the support table (27);
during the process that the fish collecting hopper (3) is lifted, the upper side of the hanging lug part (31) can be abutted against the lower side of the abutting part (41), and the abutting part (41) is separated from the supporting table (27).
8. A fish collecting device based on a fish lifting machine system according to claim 7, characterized in that a third magnet is provided on the upper side of the suspension loop part (31), and a fourth magnet capable of attracting with the third magnet is provided on the lower side of the abutment part (41).
9. The fish collecting device based on the fish lifting machine system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of sliding rails (11) in the vertical direction are arranged in the vertical shaft (1), the sliding rails (11) protrude out of the side wall of the vertical shaft (1), wheel sets corresponding to the sliding rails (11) one by one are arranged on the side wall of the buoyancy fish tank (2), and for any sliding rail (11), the wheel set corresponding to the sliding rail (11) comprises a first roller and a second roller which are respectively abutted against two side surfaces of the sliding rail (11), and a third roller which is abutted against the top surface of the sliding rail (11).
10. A method of harvesting fish, based on a fish harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
step 1, installing the buoyancy fish tank (2) in the vertical shaft (1);
step 2, lifting the fish collecting hopper (3) to the upper part of the vertical shaft (1) through the lifting device and lowering the fish collecting hopper, so that the buoyancy fish tank (2) sinks under the gravity action of the fish collecting hopper (3);
step 3, after the fish collecting hopper (3) and the buoyancy fish box (2) sink to a preset depth, collecting fish to the position of the vertical shaft (1) through the fish lift system;
step 4, lifting the fish collecting hopper (3) through the lifting device, wherein the buoyancy fish box (2) moves upwards together with the fish collecting hopper (3) under the action of buoyancy, and the buoyancy fish box (2) guides fish into the fish collecting hopper (3) in the process of floating on the water surface;
and 5, continuously lifting the fish collecting hopper (3) through the lifting device to finish one-time fish collecting operation.
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