CN117885877A - Energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and driving method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117885877A CN117885877A CN202410104981.8A CN202410104981A CN117885877A CN 117885877 A CN117885877 A CN 117885877A CN 202410104981 A CN202410104981 A CN 202410104981A CN 117885877 A CN117885877 A CN 117885877A
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and a driving method thereof. According to the invention, the power system for expanding compressed gas to do work is utilized to provide power for the underwater vehicle, and meanwhile, supercavitation generated by waste gas of the power system is used for reducing drag for the vehicle, so that the traditional lithium battery underwater vehicle power system is replaced, the compactness of the system is improved by adopting a method of coupling the power system and the drag reduction system, the navigation resistance is reduced, the navigation speed, the duration and the high-speed maneuverability of the underwater vehicle are effectively improved, and better benefits are obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power and drag reduction of underwater vehicles, in particular to an energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and a driving method.
Background
With the progress of the related art, an underwater vehicle starts to perform more tasks such as marine environment investigation, seabed measurement, instant messaging, and the like.
The endurance time and the navigational speed are one of the key performance indexes of the planning and the task execution of the underwater vehicle, and the navigational speed of the underwater vehicle is mostly below 6kn, and a few of the navigational speeds can reach 6-12 kn at present. In order to meet the demands of future marine operation tasks and improve the task execution capacity and the underwater survival capacity of the underwater vehicle, the underwater vehicle is highly required to improve the comprehensive performance of high navigational speed, long navigational time and high maneuvering, in particular the high navigational speed of more than 20kn and the high maneuvering capacity exceeding 2m/s 2.
The power system is one of core factors influencing navigational speed, endurance time and maneuverability, and has higher requirements on the mass energy storage density or the volume energy storage density of the energy storage medium. The lithium battery is widely used as an energy storage medium of the light and heavy underwater vehicle due to the advantages of high energy storage density, wide working temperature range, long cycle life and the like. At present, research on the power performance of the lithium battery of the underwater vehicle is comprehensive, but the endurance time of the underwater vehicle during high-speed maneuver is obviously reduced, and the main reason is that the resistance is obviously increased at high navigational speed. Therefore, the underwater drag reduction technology is also one of key technologies for improving the navigational speed, the endurance time, the high-speed maneuverability and the like of the underwater vehicle.
The current research of underwater drag reduction technology mainly comprises micro-structure drag reduction, super-hydrophobic surface drag reduction, super-cavitation drag reduction and the like. The microstructure drag reduction technology has the defects of low manufacturing precision, poor dynamic adaptability, insufficient drag reduction performance research and the like; hydrostatic pressure, chemical substances and pollutants in water and the like can reduce the service life of an air layer of the super-hydrophobic surface, and the super-hydrophobic surface drag reduction is difficult to be suitable for marine environments. The supercavitation drag reduction technology reduces drag by generating stable gas phase around the aircraft, has lower requirements on the aircraft structure, and the drag reduction rate can reach more than 90%. Supercavitation drag reduction is divided into natural supercavitation drag reduction and artificial ventilation supercavitation drag reduction, wherein the former is required to have a sufficient navigational speed, is difficult to realize and has poor stability; the latter requires equipment gas source, which can be used for drag reduction of underwater vehicles. The use of artificial ventilation supercavitation for lithium battery-driven underwater vehicles is expected to reduce drag substantially, but artificial ventilation systems occupy a significant amount of space. It is necessary to explore other novel power systems to meet performance indexes such as high navigational speed, long navigational time, high maneuver and the like required by future underwater vehicles.
The system which takes compressed gas as an energy storage medium of the underwater vehicle and provides power for the vehicle through expansion work has the advantages of rapid inflation, high safety and the like, has good application prospect in equipment such as vehicles and the like,and the sea water static pressure is an excellent condition for realizing isobaric expansion, which is beneficial to reducingLoss. Therefore, the possibility of effectively applying the compressed gas power system to the underwater vehicle is provided, the air source can be shared with the artificial ventilation supercavitation system, and the space occupation rate of the artificial ventilation supercavitation system is effectively reduced through the effective coupling of the compressed gas power system and the artificial ventilation supercavitation system.
Through searching, the prior art related to the compressed gas power underwater vehicle capable of generating supercavitation drag reduction, which is conceived by the invention, has not been found in the technical field of power and drag reduction of the underwater vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides an energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and a driving method thereof.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction comprises a gas working medium passage, a seawater working medium passage and a torque rotating shaft;
the gas working medium passage comprises a compressed gas storage tank, a pneumatic switch valve, an aircraft head cavitation device and N expansion heat exchange units consisting of a control valve, an expander, a heat exchanger and a three-way joint;
the heat exchanger of each expansion heat exchange unit is respectively connected with the outlet I of the control valve and the expander through a three-way joint, and the outlet of the expander is connected with the heat exchanger of the next expansion heat exchange unit; the outlet II of the control valve of each expansion heat exchange unit is connected to the inlet of the control valve of the next expansion heat exchange unit;
the gas outlet of the compressed gas storage tank is connected with the heat exchanger of the first expansion heat exchange unit through a pneumatic switch valve; the compressed gas of a plurality of expansion heat exchange units is subjected to expansion and heat exchange treatment, the outlet of an expander of the Nth expansion heat exchange unit is connected with a cavitation device at the head of the aircraft through a gas pipeline, and gas is discharged into an external flow field of the aircraft to form supercavitation to realize the effect of drag reduction;
the seawater working medium passage is a seawater inlet and outlet passage of a heat exchanger in each expansion heat exchange unit;
the torque transmission shaft comprises an expander of the expansion heat exchange unit, a gearbox and a propulsion device; the expansion machines of two adjacent expansion heat exchange units are connected through a gearbox; the expander of the Nth expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the propulsion device through the Nth gearbox to provide thrust for the aircraft.
Further, the first expansion heat exchange unit does not comprise a three-way joint, and the heat exchange of the first expansion heat exchange unit is directly connected to the expander through an outlet I of the control valve; the N expansion heat exchange unit does not comprise a control valve, the outlet II of the control valve in the N-1 expansion heat exchange unit is directly connected to the three-way joint of the N expansion heat exchange unit, and the expander of the N expansion heat exchange unit is directly connected with a gas pipeline.
Further, the gas stored in the compressed gas storage tank is air, carbon dioxide or nitrogen, and the pressure of the compressed gas is 0.5-100 MPa.
Further, the number of the expansion heat exchange units is 1-10.
Further, the heat exchanger of each expansion heat exchange unit is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a micro-channel heat exchanger, the heat source of the heat exchanger is sea water, and the temperature of the heat source of the heat exchanger is-2-30 ℃.
Further, the type of expander used in the expander of each expansion heat exchange unit includes at least one of a piston expander, a screw expander, a scroll expander, or a turbine expander.
Further, the type of transmission used in the torque transmission shaft includes AT least one of an AT transmission, a CVT transmission, an AMT transmission, or a DCT transmission, and the transmission includes a clutch.
Further, the propulsion device is a distance propeller or a distance adjusting propeller.
Further, the aircraft head cavitation device is a disc cavitation device or a conical cavitation device.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a driving method of the energy storage compressed gas power underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction, which comprises a gas expansion and ventilation process and a torque transmission process;
the gas expansion and ventilation process includes: the compressed gas storage tank releases high-pressure gas, the temperature of the gas in the release process is reduced, the flow of the high-pressure gas is controlled through a pneumatic switch valve, the gas exchanges heat with seawater in a heat exchanger in a first expansion heat exchange unit and then is heated, the gas is expanded by an expander in the first expansion heat exchange unit to do work, the temperature of the gas is reduced, then the gas enters a second expansion heat exchange unit, the gas is repeatedly subjected to heat exchange, heating and expansion work processes through N expansion heat exchange units, and finally the gas flows to a cavitation device at the head of an aircraft and is discharged into an external flow field of the aircraft through a gas pipeline, so that supercavitation is formed, and the effect of drag reduction is realized; if the pressure of the compressed gas in the compressed gas storage tank is lower than the set cut-off pressure of the expander in the ith expansion heat exchange unit, stopping the operation of the expanders in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units, and enabling the gas to pass through a control valve outlet II in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units in sequence after being released from the compressed gas storage tank to enter the (i+1) th expansion heat exchange units for heat exchange, temperature rise and expansion work;
the torque transmission process includes: the gas expands in an expander in a first expansion heat exchange unit to do work to output torque, the torque is transmitted to a main shaft through a transmission shaft, the rotational speed of the main shaft is changed through a first gearbox, the torque is transmitted to a propulsion device through an expander in a second expansion heat exchange unit, after the gas passes through the expanders in N expansion heat exchange units and the gearbox, the gas expands in an N expansion heat exchange unit to do work to output torque, the torque is transmitted to the main shaft through the transmission shaft, and the rotational speed of the main shaft is changed through the N gearbox; the propulsion device provides thrust for the aircraft; if the pressure of compressed gas in the compressed gas storage tank is lower than the set cut-off pressure of the expander in the ith expansion heat exchange unit, the operation of the expanders in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units is stopped, the clutch in the first to ith speed changing boxes works to separate the transmission shaft of the expander in the corresponding expansion heat exchange unit from the main shaft, and the (i+1) th expansion heat exchange units expand to do work to output torque.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides an energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction, which takes compressed gas as an energy storage medium of an underwater vehicle power system, replaces a traditional underwater vehicle power system taking a lithium battery as the energy storage medium and a power and drag reduction separation system, and simultaneously aims at the problems of low navigational speed, short cruising time and poor high-speed maneuverability of the lithium battery system. In the embodiment, the air stored in the compressed air storage tank is 100MPa and 15 ℃, the mass energy storage density can reach 135Wh/kg, the sea water temperature is 15 ℃, the expansion work is performed through a 4-level expansion system, a system flow is established on a MATLAB/Simulink platform, a supercavitation flow hydrodynamic model is established on a Fluent platform, and the combined simulation calculation shows that compared with a lithium iron phosphate battery system, the power drag reduction system can improve the endurance time by 2.73% -458.20% when the navigational speed is 1-60 kn under the equal energy storage, and can improve the endurance time by 42.02% -148.96% when the navigational speed is 30-60 kn under the equal energy storage.
2. In the embodiment, the cavitation device is a disc cavitation device with the diameter of 80mm, the aircraft is a light underwater vehicle with the diameter of 324mm, the maximum drag reduction rate of about 84% can be realized, the maximum drag reduction rate can be generally achieved through the system coupling characteristic display at high navigational speed, and the navigational speed improvement and the high-speed maneuverability of the underwater vehicle can be greatly improved.
3. Because the compressed gas power system and the supercavitation drag reduction system share one gas source, the invention can improve the overall compact system, reduce the system quality and improve the energy utilization efficiency by using the power system waste gas for drag reduction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and a driving method.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that these examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction of the present embodiment includes a gas working medium passage, a seawater working medium passage and a torque rotation shaft;
the gas working medium passage comprises a compressed gas storage tank 1, a pneumatic switch valve 2, an aircraft head cavitation device 14 and N expansion heat exchange units consisting of a control valve, an expander, a heat exchanger and a three-way joint;
the heat exchanger of each expansion heat exchange unit is respectively connected with the outlet I of the control valve and the expander through a three-way joint, and the outlet of the expander is connected with the heat exchanger of the next expansion heat exchange unit; the outlet II of the control valve of each expansion heat exchange unit is connected to the inlet of the control valve of the next expansion heat exchange unit;
the gas outlet of the compressed gas storage tank 1 is connected with the heat exchanger 3 of the first expansion heat exchange unit through a pneumatic switch valve 2, and the heat exchanger 3 of the first expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the control valve 4 of the first expansion heat exchange unit; the outlet I of the control valve 4 of the first expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the heat exchanger 6 of the second expansion heat exchange unit through the expander 5 of the first expansion heat exchange unit, and the heat exchanger 6 of the second expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the three-way joint 7 of the second expansion heat exchange unit; the outlet II of the control valve 4 of the first expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the control valve 8 of the second expansion heat exchange unit; the outlet I of the control valve 8 of the second expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the expander 9 of the second expansion heat exchange unit through the three-way joint 7 of the second expansion heat exchange unit; the expander 9 of the second expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the heat exchanger 10 of the third expansion heat exchange unit; and so on, the compressed gas is subjected to expansion and heat exchange treatment by a plurality of expansion heat exchange units, and the control valve of the N-1 expansion heat exchange unit is directly connected with the three-way joint 11 of the N expansion heat exchange unit; the Nth three-way joint 11 is connected with an expander 12 of the Nth expansion heat exchange unit; the outlet of the expander 12 of the Nth expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the aircraft head cavitation device 14 through a gas pipeline 13; the gas is discharged into an external flow field of the aircraft to form supercavitation to realize the effect of drag reduction; the seawater working medium passage is a seawater inlet and outlet passage of a heat exchanger in each expansion heat exchange unit;
the torque transmission shaft comprises an expander of an expansion heat exchange unit, a gearbox and a propulsion device 18; the expander 5 of the first expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the expander 9 of the second expansion heat exchange unit through a first gearbox 15, and the expander 9 of the second expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the expander of the third expansion heat exchange unit through a second gearbox 16; and so on, the expander 12 of the Nth expansion heat exchange unit is connected with the propulsion device 18 through the Nth gearbox 17 to provide thrust for the aircraft.
With reference to fig. 1, the method for driving an underwater vehicle by using the energy storage compressed gas based on supercavitation drag reduction in the embodiment adopts the energy storage compressed gas based on supercavitation drag reduction to drive the underwater vehicle.
The driving method of the compressed gas power underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction comprises a gas expansion and ventilation process and a torque transmission process;
the gas expansion and ventilation process includes: the compressed gas storage tank 1 releases high-pressure gas, the temperature of the gas in the release process is reduced, the flow of the high-pressure gas is controlled through the pneumatic switch valve 2, the gas enters an expander 5 in a first expansion heat exchange unit through an outlet I of a control valve 4 in the first expansion heat exchange unit to perform expansion work after heat exchange and temperature rise of the gas and sea water are carried out, then enters an expander 9 in a second expansion heat exchange unit through a heat exchanger 6 in the second expansion heat exchange unit to perform expansion work through a three-way joint 7 in the second expansion heat exchange unit after heat exchange and temperature rise of the sea water are carried out, the temperature of the gas is reduced, and the like, the expansion work is carried out through an expander 12 of an N expansion heat exchange unit after repeated heat exchange and temperature rise and expansion work processes are carried out through N expansion heat exchange units, and then the gas flows to a cavitation device 14 of the head of a craft through a gas pipeline 13 and is discharged into an external flow field of the craft, and a drag reduction effect is formed;
if the pressure of the compressed gas in the compressed gas storage tank 1 is lower than the set cut-off pressure of the expander in the ith expansion heat exchange unit, stopping the operation of the expanders in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units, and enabling the gas to pass through the control valve outlet II in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units in sequence after being released by the compressed gas storage tank 1, and enter the (i+1) th expansion heat exchange units for heat exchange, temperature rise and expansion work;
the torque transmission process includes: the expansion machine 5 of the gas in the first expansion heat exchange unit expands to do work to output torque, the torque is transmitted to a main shaft through a transmission shaft, the rotation speed is changed through a first gearbox 15 and then is coaxial with the expansion machine 9 of the second expansion heat exchange unit, the expansion machine 9 of the gas in the second expansion heat exchange unit expands to do work to output torque, the torque is transmitted to the main shaft through the transmission shaft, the rotation speed is changed through a gearbox 16 of the second expansion heat exchange unit, and the like, after the gas passes through the expansion machines and the gearboxes of N expansion heat exchange units, the expansion machine 12 of the gas in the N expansion heat exchange unit expands to do work to output torque, the torque is transmitted to the main shaft through the transmission shaft, the rotation speed is changed through the N gearbox 17 and then the torque is transmitted to the propulsion device 18, and the propulsion device 18 provides thrust for the aircraft;
if the pressure of the compressed gas in the compressed gas storage tank 1 is lower than the set cut-off pressure of the expander in the ith expansion heat exchange unit, the operation of the expanders in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units is stopped, the clutch in the first to ith speed changing boxes works to separate the transmission shaft of the expander in the corresponding expansion heat exchange unit from the main shaft, and the (i+1) th expansion heat exchange unit expands to do work to output torque.
In the process of increasing the number of the N expansion heat exchange units, the power output by the system is increased, the actual energy storage density of the compressed gas is also increased, the improvement of the navigational speed, the cruising time and the maneuverability of the aircraft is facilitated, but the number of the used components is increased, the overall weight and the space occupancy rate of the aircraft are increased, and therefore the number of the expansion heat exchange units which are reasonably designed according to the requirements is needed.
In the embodiment, the air stored in the compressed air storage tank 1 is air, and the pressure of the compressed air is 100MPa; the number N of the expansion heat exchange units is 4, namely the expansion heat exchange units comprise 4 expansion machines, 4 heat exchangers, 3 control valves, 3 tee joints and 4 gearboxes in total; the heat exchanger is a micro-channel heat exchanger, the heat source of the heat exchanger is sea water, and the temperature of the heat source of the heat exchanger is 15 ℃; the type of the expander adopted by the expander is a turbine expander; the type of gearbox used is DCT gearbox, which contains clutch; the propulsion device 18 is a pitch control propeller; the cavitation device 14 is a disc cavitation device, and the diameter of the disc cavitation device is 80mm; the super-cavitation flow hydrodynamic model is built on a Fluent platform, the maximum drag reduction rate can reach about 84% through calculation, and the combined simulation calculation shows that compared with a lithium iron phosphate battery system, the power drag reduction system can improve the endurance time by 2.73% -458.20% when the navigational speed is 1-60 kn under the equal energy storage, and can improve the endurance time by 42.02% -148.96% when the navigational speed is 30-60 kn under the equal energy storage quality.
The energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle and the driving method based on supercavitation drag reduction can provide a new solution for the power-drag reduction system of the underwater vehicle, the improvement of power output is realized through the reasonable design of a compressed gas power system and the improvement of the efficiency of each part, the coupling of power and navigation resistance is realized through the control of gas flow, the coupling of power and drag reduction is realized, the overall power output of the system is improved, and the navigational speed and the cruising time are improved. Compared with the traditional lithium battery power system, the system is more compact, the endurance time of the system is longer than that of the lithium battery system at any sailing speed under the condition of the same energy storage quantity, and the endurance time of the system is longer than that of the lithium battery system at high sailing speed under the condition of the same energy storage quality. In general, the system has better compactness, can improve the navigational speed, the endurance time and the high-speed maneuverability of the underwater vehicle, and has good practical application value in the underwater vehicle.
Further, it will be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the foregoing description of the invention, and such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. The energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction is characterized by comprising a gas working medium passage, a seawater working medium passage and a torque rotating shaft;
the gas working medium passage comprises a compressed gas storage tank (1), a pneumatic switch valve (2), an aircraft head cavitation device (14) and N expansion heat exchange units consisting of a control valve, an expander, a heat exchanger and a three-way joint;
the heat exchanger of each expansion heat exchange unit is respectively connected with the outlet I of the control valve and the expander through a three-way joint, and the outlet of the expander is connected with the heat exchanger of the next expansion heat exchange unit; the outlet II of the control valve of each expansion heat exchange unit is connected to the inlet of the control valve of the next expansion heat exchange unit;
the gas outlet of the compressed gas storage tank (1) is connected with a heat exchanger (3) of the first expansion heat exchange unit through a pneumatic switch valve (2); the compressed gas of a plurality of expansion heat exchange units is subjected to expansion and heat exchange treatment, the outlet of an expander (12) of the Nth expansion heat exchange unit is connected with a cavitation device (14) at the head of the aircraft through a gas pipeline (13), and the gas is discharged into an external flow field of the aircraft to form supercavitation to realize the effect of drag reduction;
the seawater working medium passage is a seawater inlet and outlet passage of a heat exchanger in each expansion heat exchange unit;
the torque transmission shaft comprises an expander of an expansion heat exchange unit, a gearbox and a propulsion device (18); the expansion machines of two adjacent expansion heat exchange units are connected through a gearbox; the expander of the Nth expansion heat exchange unit is connected with a propulsion device (18) through an Nth gearbox (17) to provide thrust for the aircraft.
2. The super-cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first expansion heat exchange unit does not comprise a three-way joint, and the heat exchanger (3) of the first expansion heat exchange unit is directly connected to the expander through the outlet i of the control valve (4) of the first expansion heat exchange unit; the N expansion heat exchange unit does not comprise a control valve, the outlet II of the control valve in the N-1 expansion heat exchange unit is directly connected to the three-way joint of the N expansion heat exchange unit, and the expander (12) of the N expansion heat exchange unit is directly connected with the gas pipeline (13).
3. The super-cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the gas stored in the compressed gas storage tank (1) is air, carbon dioxide or nitrogen, and the pressure of the compressed gas is 0.5-100 MPa.
4. The super-cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the number of the expansion heat exchange units is 1-10.
5. The super cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger type adopted by the heat exchanger of each expansion heat exchange unit is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a micro-channel heat exchanger, the heat source of the heat exchanger is sea water, and the temperature of the heat source of the heat exchanger is-2-30 ℃.
6. The super-cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the type of expander used in the expander of each expansion heat exchange unit comprises at least one of a piston expander, a screw expander, a scroll expander or a turbine expander.
7. The super-cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle of claim 1, wherein the type of gearbox used in the torque transmission shaft comprises AT least one of an AT gearbox, CVT gearbox, AMT gearbox or DCT gearbox, said gearbox comprising a clutch.
8. The super-cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the propulsion means (18) is a distance propeller or a range propeller.
9. The super-cavitation drag reduction based energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle head cavitation device (14) is a disk cavitation device or a conical cavitation device.
10. A method of driving an energy storage compressed gas powered underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction as claimed in any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the driving method comprises a gas expansion and ventilation process and a torque transmission process;
the gas expansion and ventilation process includes: the compressed gas storage tank (1) releases high-pressure gas, the temperature of the gas in the release process is reduced, the flow of the high-pressure gas is controlled through the pneumatic switch valve (2), the gas exchanges heat with seawater through the heat exchanger (3) in the first expansion heat exchange unit and heats up, then the gas performs expansion work through the expander in the first expansion heat exchange unit, the gas enters the second expansion heat exchange unit after the temperature is reduced, the gas enters the second expansion heat exchange unit, and the gas enters the N expansion heat exchange units for repeated heat exchange and heating and expansion work processes, finally, the gas flows to the aircraft head cavitation device (14) through the gas pipeline (13) and is discharged into the aircraft external flow field, so that supercavitation is formed, and the effect of drag reduction is realized; if the pressure of compressed gas in the compressed gas storage tank (1) is lower than the set cut-off pressure of the expander in the ith expansion heat exchange unit, stopping the operation of the expanders in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units, and enabling the gas to pass through the control valve outlet II in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units in sequence after being released by the compressed gas storage tank (1) to enter the (i+1) th expansion heat exchange units for heat exchange, temperature rise and expansion work;
the torque transmission process includes: the gas expands in an expander in a first expansion heat exchange unit to do work to output torque, the torque is transmitted to a main shaft through a transmission shaft, the rotation speed of the main shaft is changed through a first gearbox (15), the gas passes through the expanders in N expansion heat exchange units and the gearboxes, the gas expands in an expander (12) in an N expansion heat exchange unit to do work to output torque, the torque is transmitted to the main shaft through the transmission shaft, and the rotation speed of the main shaft is changed through an N gearbox (17), and the torque is transmitted to a propulsion device (18); a propulsion device (18) providing thrust for the aircraft; if the pressure of compressed gas in the compressed gas storage tank (1) is lower than the set cut-off pressure of the expander in the ith expansion heat exchange unit, the expanders in the first to ith expansion heat exchange units stop running, the clutch in the first to ith gearboxes works to separate the transmission shaft of the expander in the corresponding expansion heat exchange unit from the main shaft, and the (i+1) expansion heat exchange units expand to do work to output torque.
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| CN202410104981.8A CN117885877A (en) | 2024-01-25 | 2024-01-25 | Energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and driving method thereof |
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| CN202410104981.8A CN117885877A (en) | 2024-01-25 | 2024-01-25 | Energy storage compressed gas driven underwater vehicle based on supercavitation drag reduction and driving method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN117885877A (en) |
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2024
- 2024-01-25 CN CN202410104981.8A patent/CN117885877A/en active Pending
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