CN117858794A - 用于生产聚拢材料的方法和聚拢材料 - Google Patents

用于生产聚拢材料的方法和聚拢材料 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117858794A
CN117858794A CN202280048707.2A CN202280048707A CN117858794A CN 117858794 A CN117858794 A CN 117858794A CN 202280048707 A CN202280048707 A CN 202280048707A CN 117858794 A CN117858794 A CN 117858794A
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wire
groove
sealing surface
tool
material web
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R·罗塞尔-加西亚
R·A·伯德
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Priority claimed from PCT/EP2022/056234 external-priority patent/WO2023285004A1/de
Publication of CN117858794A publication Critical patent/CN117858794A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/433Casing-in, i.e. enclosing an element between two sheets by an outlined seam
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15585Apparatus or processes for manufacturing of babies' napkins, e.g. diapers
    • A61F13/15593Apparatus or processes for manufacturing of babies' napkins, e.g. diapers having elastic ribbons fixed thereto; Devices for applying the ribbons
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A61F13/15699Forming webs by bringing together several webs, e.g. by laminating or folding several webs, with or without additional treatment of the webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/087Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using both a rotary sonotrode and a rotary anvil
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/006Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/344Stretching or tensioning the joint area during joining
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B29C66/81435General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned comprising several parallel ridges, e.g. for crimping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/0046Elastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/48Wearing apparel
    • B29L2031/4871Underwear
    • B29L2031/4878Diapers, napkins

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于生产聚拢材料或可以聚拢的可聚拢材料(10)的方法,具有以下步骤:·a.提供两个材料网部段(11、12)和布置在材料网部段(11、12)之间的线(13),·b.提供加工装置,该加工装置包括带密封表面(2)的工具(1)和带配对密封表面的配对工具,其中,工具(1)和配对工具相对于彼此布置成使得在密封表面(2)与配对密封表面之间形成间隙,其中,工具(1)和/或配对工具具有用于接纳线(13)的至少一个凹槽(3),以及·c.将第二材料网部段(11、12)和线(13)沿馈送方向穿过工具(1)的密封表面(2)与配对密封表面之间的间隙,其中,引导线(13)穿过密封表面(2)和/或配对工具的凹槽(3),使得两个材料网部段(11、12)在两个连接表面处焊接在一起。线(13)布置在两个连接表面之间,使得在第一方向和垂直于其的第二方向上在线(13)和材料网部段(11、12)之间形成形式配合连接。在加工期间选择线(13)相对于凹槽(3)横截面的横截面,使得在步骤c.期间,还将线(13)的外侧部段焊接到材料网部段,使得线(13)的外侧部段刚性地连接到两个材料网部段。

Description

用于生产聚拢材料的方法和聚拢材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生产聚拢或可聚拢材料的方法。此外,本发明涉及对应的聚拢材料。
背景技术
聚拢或可聚拢材料由至少两个材料网部段(material web section)和至少一根线组成,该至少一根线位于材料网部段之间。根据该方法,两个材料网部段在至少两个连接表面处彼此连接。线布置在材料网部段之间和两个连接表面之间,使得线以这样的方式固定在材料网部段之间,即,线和材料网部段之间在第一方向和垂直于第一方向的第二方向上存在正向连接。
两个材料网部段可以通过经由连接表面连接的两个材料网实现。然而,也能够以这样的方式折叠材料网,即,材料网的第一材料网部段与同一材料网的第二材料网部段相对,而将线布置在第一材料网部段与第二材料网部段之间。
为实施该方法,提供了带有密封表面的工具和带有配对密封表面的配对工具,工具和配对工具以这样的方式相对于彼此布置在加工位置中,即,为了生产聚拢或可聚拢材料,材料网部段和线通过由密封表面和配对密封表面形成的间隙在馈送方向上馈送。
此外,工具和/或配对工具具有用于至少部分地接纳至少一根线的至少一个凹槽,凹槽沿馈送方向定向,并分别将密封表面和配对密封表面分成局部密封表面。另外,凹槽具有凹槽基部和与凹槽基部邻接的两个侧壁,其中,侧壁将凹槽基部连接到局部密封表面。
在现有技术中,使用对应工具生产聚拢或可聚拢材料的对应方法是已知的。例如,工具可以是超声波加工装置的超声焊极或热力加热的辊。以下描述基于超声波机械加工。然而,根据本发明的方法也可以用于操作不带超声波的其它工具。
为了用超声波加工材料,将工具、例如装置的超声焊极设置为超声振动状态。这导致位于密封表面与配对密封表面之间的间隙中的材料局部加热。局部加热又会使布置在间隙中的不同材料层熔合在一起,从而形成牢固的联结,无法被非破坏性地分开。
与超声波加工不同的是,超声波加工在局部区域发生加热,而热力加热的辊则是在大面积区域内加热材料。不过,其它操作原则是类似的。
为了生产可聚拢或聚拢材料,有必要在加工操作中将具有不同弹性的材料相互结合。为此,例如,在两个材料网部段之间放置一根弹性明显大于材料网部段本身的线。在机械加工期间,通过将它们熔合在一起,线至少在两个空间方向上被张紧并夹持在材料网部段之间。
为此,在现有技术的已知加工中,只有材料网部段的其中没有布置线的区域被焊接在一起。换言之,只有材料网部段被焊接在一起,而线没有与材料网部段焊接在一起。在张紧状态下,线仍然可以在材料网部段围成的腔体内自由移动。
如果现在将已加工的材料从装置中移出并松开线,线和材料网部段之间的摩擦力导致例如材料聚拢。替代地,也可以在随后的工作步骤中聚拢材料,并相应地缩短该线。例如,在诸如尿布的卫生用品中可以找到这种聚拢或可聚拢材料的典型应用。
因此,材料的聚拢特性在很大程度上取决于线与材料网部段之间的摩擦特性,而摩擦特性又与所用材料本身的特性有关,同时也与加工操作期间线的张紧有关。
因此,必须根据所用材料对加工进行个别调整,从而实现材料的充分聚拢。这需要大量时间。尽管如此,如果摩擦力不够,材料仍然可能展开。因此,已知的方法只能与某些弹性线一起使用。
发明内容
因此,本发明所基于的问题是提供一种用于生产聚拢或可聚拢材料的方法,用这种方法可以生产可再生产且可靠的聚拢材料。关于聚拢材料,本发明所基于的问题是提供一种可聚拢或聚拢材料,这种材料既易于生产,又能可靠地聚拢。
根据本发明,这个问题可以通过一种用于生产开始所提类型的聚拢或可聚拢材料的方法来解决,该方法包括以下步骤:
a)提供至少两个材料网部段和至少一根线,线布置在材料网部段之间,
b)提供加工装置,该加工装置具有带密封表面的工具和带配对密封表面的配对工具,工具和配对工具相对于彼此布置成使得在密封表面与配对密封表面之间形成间隙,工具和/或配对工具具有至少一个凹槽,用于至少部分地接纳该至少一根线,
c)将至少两个材料网部段和至少一根线沿馈送方向穿过工具的密封表面与配对密封表面之间的间隙,引导线穿过密封表面或配对工具的至少一个凹槽,
使得两个材料网部段在至少两个连接表面处焊接在一起,线布置在两个连接表面之间,使得在第一方向和第二方向上在线和材料网部段之间存在正向连接,这两个方向彼此垂直对齐,在加工期间选择线相对于凹槽横截面的横截面,使得在步骤c.期间,不仅将两个材料网部段焊接在一起,还将线的外侧部段焊接到材料网部段,使得线的外侧部段与两个材料网部段牢固地连接。
线可以通过材料联结或将线的至少一个部段或线的至少一根丝嵌入材料网部段的材料中,从而与材料网部段牢固地连接。例如,材料网部段的材料可以在焊接期间熔化,可以在熔体中结合入线部段或线丝,然后熔体可以再次凝固。因此,这种牢固的连接是不可分离的,或者只有重新加热材料网的材料才能解除这种牢固的连接。牢固的连接可防止丝和材料网之间在丝的方向上相对移动。
为此,例如在步骤c.期间,工具经受超声波振动或热力加热,并将其压到待加工材料上,使得材料网部段和线的外侧部段熔合在一起,即牢固地联结。这种连接可以是一种材料联结。为了本申请的目的,材料联结是指待加工材料之间至少在分子级别的位置中彼此形成联结,该联结不能以非破坏性方式解除。
必须确保牢固连接区域中的线只能与材料网部段一起移动。如果在c.的加工期间将线张紧,并在加工后松开,材料网部段会随着线的再次收缩而聚拢在一起。
在优选实施例中,连接以这样的方式进行,即,在垂直于线方向的剖视图中,线只在周向方向上分部段地连接到材料网部段,连接优选地以这样的方式进行,即,在垂直于线方向的剖视图中,线在周向方向上在两个不同部段处连接到材料网部段。因此,线在周向方向上不连续地连接到材料网部段。也没有必要在纵向方向上将线连续地连接到材料网部段。相反,在优选实施例中,连接也只在纵向方向、即线的方向上分部段进行。
因此,在使用根据本发明的方法生产聚拢材料时,线因此不再可以在材料网部段之间自由移动,而是在馈送方向上也固定到材料网部段。以这种方式,能特别精确地确定线在材料网部段中的位置。由于接合在一起的材料的弹性不同,以及线在焊接期间的张紧程度不同,材料还是会聚拢。随着线可靠地布置在材料网部段之间的固定位置中,使用这种加工生产的产品具有很高的精度和可再生产的质量。
在一个实施例中,用于容纳至少一根线的凹槽和线的横截面选择为使得线的横截面在步骤c.期间适应凹槽的形状。因此,线并不保留其通常的圆形横截面,而是适应凹槽的形状。
在另一实施例中,选择线的横截面使得线在张紧状态下的横截面大于凹槽的深度。换言之,线突伸越过凹槽,并且由此至少在外侧部段中被工具加工,使得其与材料网部段熔合。
在另一实施例中,在步骤c.中用超声波振动激发工具。因此,该工具是将超声波振动传输到材料的超声焊极。
在另一实施例中,在步骤c.期间加热工具,使得材料网部段在与工具密封表面接触的区域中熔化,并在这些连接表面处接合在一起。
在另一实施例中,凹槽将密封表面和配对密封表面分别分成局部密封表面,凹槽具有凹槽基部和与凹槽基部邻接的两个侧壁,侧壁将凹槽基部连接到局部密封表面,局部密封表面中的至少一个在垂直于馈送方向的剖视图中具有至少一个朝向凹槽基部向下倾斜的至少一个侧腹部,该侧腹部优选地在垂直于馈送方向的剖视图中以半径RF凸形地弯曲。
换言之,局部密封表面与凹槽之间的过渡部优选地设计成不再有任何尖锐的边缘,使其难以更换凹槽之间的线或将线损坏。
根据本发明,凹槽之间的局部密封表面的设计一方面减少了对线的损坏,从而降低了线断裂的可能性,另一方面使线更容易定位到各个凹槽中。由于线更容易经由侧腹部滑入凹槽,因此线位于局部密封表面的区域的情况并不常见,从而降低了线意外焊接的风险。事实上,提高了在所需位置处将线焊接到材料网部段的可靠性。
在优选实施例中,半径RF在0.01毫米至0.5毫米之间,特别优选地在0.05毫米至0.2毫米之间。
将侧腹部设计成凸形弯曲段的优点是,局部密封表面与凹槽侧壁之间不再有任何边缘,而是局部密封表面以均匀的曲率融合到凹槽侧壁中。线不能在拐角处歪斜,从而密封在错误的位置中。
在另一实施例中,凹槽基部凹形地弯曲,凹形地弯曲的凹槽基部优选地直接邻接局部密封表面的凸形地弯曲地侧腹部。
为了本发明的目的,术语“凸形”是指凸形弯曲表面上的两个任意可选择的点之间的直线完全在工具或配对工具主体内延伸。另一方面,术语“凹形”是指表面的两个任意可选择的点之间的直线完全在主体之外延伸。
凹槽基部的凹形曲率,特别是凹形弯曲的凹槽基部直接过渡到凸形弯曲的侧腹部的优点在于,根据本发明的装置的凹槽不再有任何可能积聚待加工材料的纤维或卡住线的拐角或边缘。这防止了凹槽堵塞,凹槽堵塞会导致线引导不当或线焊接在不需要的地方。
在另一实施例中,凹槽基部在垂直于馈送方向的剖视图中以半径RG凹形地弯曲,其中,优选地5RF>RG>0.5RF,并且特别优选地2.5RF>RG>0.8RF。凹槽基部的曲率半径RG与侧腹部的曲率半径RF选择为使得局部密封表面有足够的宽度,即不是锥形的。这减少了局部密封表面的磨损。
在另一实施例中,至少一个凹槽布置在工具的密封表面上。这样的优点在于,配对工具可以配备光滑的配对密封表面,这意味着配对工具的制造成本可以非常低。
在另一实施例中,配对工具是圆柱形的并且绕第一圆柱轴线可旋转,配对工具具有侧表面,配对密封表面布置在该侧表面上,第一圆柱轴线定向成使得馈送方向与侧表面相切。圆柱形配对工具的选择的优点是,待加工材料可以通过在配对工具上滚动而在馈送方向上在配对工具上移动。由此避免了可能损坏待加工材料的尖锐边缘。另外,磨损的减少使得可能沉积在工具部件上从而导致装置的使用寿命缩短的纤维更少。
在本发明的另一实施例中,工具的密封表面在馈送方向上是基本上平坦的。因此,工具施加在待加工材料系统上的力可以均匀分布。
然而,取决于材料的馈送,可能有利的是,如果密封表面在平行于馈送方向的剖视图中、至少在材料从其引入的引入方向上具有圆钝边缘,使得在工具处行进到间隙中的待加工材料也不会被工具的尖锐边缘损坏。这始线的撕裂最小化,同时也使得沉积在凹槽中的纤维更少。
在另一实施例中,凹槽完全覆盖密封表面和/或配对密封表面在馈送方向上的延伸部。这是必要的,使得在根据本发明的装置的整个加工宽度范围内以特别稳定的方式引导线,并且使得避免加工装置在任何点处对线进行非预期加工。
在另一实施例中,工具是圆柱形的,其中,工具绕第二圆柱轴线可旋转,并具有密封表面布置在其上的侧表面,其中,优选地至少一个凹槽围绕工具的侧表面周向行进。正如圆柱形配对工具,圆柱形工具的优点在于防止材料损坏,并且材料可以在工具上滚动。
在另一实施例中,密封表面和/或配对密封表面具有定向在馈送方向上的多个凹槽,用于至少部分接纳至少一根线,凹槽的间距优选地在0.1毫米至10毫米之间,特别优选地在0.4毫米至2.5毫米之间。两个凹槽之间的距离限定为从一个凹槽的中心到紧密相邻凹槽的中心。
工具的密封表面或配对密封表面上的若干凹槽允许在材料网之间同时布置若干根线,这提高了材料的聚拢特性。另外,以这种方式还能在所需的材料宽度上产生均匀的聚拢。除其它因素外,聚拢的强度还取决于在未张紧状态下因其恢复力而对材料网部段施加作用力的线数量。
在另一实施例中,多个凹槽组合成凹槽组,凹槽组的凹槽间距优选地在0.1至1毫米之间,凹槽组之间的间距优选地在5至300毫米之间。与凹槽之间的距离类似,凹槽组之间的距离限定为从一个凹槽组的中心到相邻凹槽组的中心。
在另一实施例中,至少一个凹槽的深度在0.05毫米至0.8毫米之间。在这个深度下,可以以足够的精度引导线,同时从制造的角度看,凹槽相对来说更易于制作。较深的凹槽可能会导致工具不稳定,特别是如果凹槽之间的距离较小,使得只剩下狭窄的局部密封表面,而这些局部密封表面与凹槽基部的距离相对较远。如果凹槽基部和侧腹部两者是弯曲的,则凹槽的深度优选地由侧腹部的曲率半径RF和凹槽基部的曲率半径RG之和确定。
在另一实施例中,局部密封表面在垂直于馈送方向的剖视图中以曲率半径RT凸形地弯曲,其中,优选地局部密封表面融合到侧腹部中,并且优选地RF=RT。换言之,局部密封表面提供凸形曲率,其曲率半径优选地与侧腹部的曲率半径相对应。因此,局部密封表面不再具有平坦表面,而是在每一点上都弯曲。以这种方式,在馈送方向上只对材料网进行线密封。这对防止不希望的线加工特别有效。
关于可聚拢或聚拢材料,开始时提到的问题通过一种可聚拢或聚拢材料解决,该材料由至少两个材料网部段和至少一根线构成,线布置在材料网部段之间,两个材料网部段在至少两个连接表面处焊接在一起,线布置在两个连接表面之间,使得在第一方向和第二方向上在线与材料网部段之间存在正向连接,这两个方向相互垂直,其特征在于,线牢固地连接到两个材料网部段。
即使只有线的丝牢固地连接到材料网部段,也是足够的。
优选地,使用所述加工生产可聚拢或聚拢材料。
附图说明
从以下对实施例和相关附图的描述中,其它优点、选项和可能的应用将变得清楚。
图1示出了使用根据本发明的方法操作的工具的部段的剖视图;
图2a示意性地示出了在使用现有技术已知的方法焊接后线在材料网之间的布置。
图2b示意性地示出了根据本发明的方法的一个实施例中线的布置。
具体实施方式
根据图1所示的本发明的装置的实施例,用于接纳线13的凹槽3布置在超声焊极1的超声焊极密封表面2中。凹槽3在馈送方向上行进,在图1所示的剖视图中,该馈送方向延伸至页面平面中。另外,凹槽3将超声焊极密封表面2分成若干个局部密封表面7。
凹槽3具有凹槽基部4和与凹槽基部邻接的两个侧壁5、6,侧壁5、6由此连接凹槽基部4和局部密封表面7。
在图1所示的剖视图中,局部密封表面7各自具有垂直于馈送方向朝着凹槽基部4向下倾斜的两个侧腹部8。
倾斜侧腹部8以半径RF凸形地弯曲,使得整个局部密封表面7以半径RT=RF凸形地弯曲。此外,凹槽基部4也以半径RG凹形地弯曲,并直接与局部密封表面7的凸形弯曲侧腹部邻接。弯曲的局部密封表面7的半径RT与凹形弯曲的凹槽基部4的半径RG相对应,并且为0.1毫米。
凹槽还具有0.22毫米的宽度B,该宽度在凹形弯曲的凹槽基部4和凸形弯曲侧腹部8的两个过渡点之间测量。
另外,凹槽3具有0.21毫米的深度T。凹槽3的深度T在凹槽基部4的最深点和局部密封表面7的最高点之间限定。两个凹槽之间的距离A为0.42毫米,距离A由此在凹槽基部4的最深点处测量。
为了生产可聚拢或聚拢材料10,在超声焊极1的超声焊极密封表面2与配对工具(未示出)的配对密封表面之间布置有两个材料网11、12,在这两个材料网之间布置有线13。以这样的方式引导线13,即,其在凹槽3内部行进。材料网部段11、12的超声波加工仅在局部密封表面7的区域内进行。
在现有技术已知的方法中,在线被张紧的状态下选择线13的直径,使得其小于凹槽3的深度。这意味着线13不会被超声焊极1加工。
图2a示出了使用现有技术已知的装置、即凹槽具有锋利边缘的装置进行此类加工的结果。线13夹持在材料10的材料网部段11、12之间的腔体中,但可以在馈送方向上相对于材料网部段11、12移动。下材料网部段12具有凹槽的形状,其可以布置在超声焊极或配对工具或两者上。
根据本发明的方法,线13的横截面被选择为使得其即使在张紧状态下也大于凹槽3的深度。图2b示出了根据本发明的方法的结果。通过选择横截面较大的线13,线13焊接在局部密封表面7的区域内。由此,线13也附接至材料网部段11、12,并且不再可以在馈送方向上移动。线13原本的圆形横截面也适应了凹槽3的形状。
此外,在优选实施例中,焊接期间至少两个连接表面之间的距离可以选择成使得:i)与线13在松弛状态下的直径相对应,或者ii)大于线13在松弛状态下的直径。由于根据本发明的牢固连接,因此不再需要选择在松弛状态下大直径的线13以实现材料网部段11与线13之间的摩擦。
以这种方式,可以生产出线始终布置在同一位置中的聚拢或可聚拢材料。
附图标记列表:
1 超声焊极
2 超声焊极密封表面
3 凹槽
4 凹槽基部
5、6 侧壁
7 局部密封区域
8 侧腹部
10 聚拢或可聚拢材料
11、12 材料网部段
13 线

Claims (14)

1.一种用于生产聚拢或可聚拢材料(10)的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
a.提供至少两个材料网部段(11、12)和至少一根线(13),所述线(13)布置在所述材料网部段(11、12)之间,
b.提供加工装置,所述加工装置具有带密封表面(2)的工具(1)和带配对密封表面的配对工具,所述工具(1)和所述配对工具相对于彼此布置成使得在所述密封表面(2)与所述配对密封表面之间形成间隙,所述工具(1)和/或所述配对工具具有至少一个凹槽(3),所述至少一个凹槽(3)用于至少部分地接纳所述至少一根线(13),
c.将所述至少两个材料网部段(11、12)和所述至少一根线(13)沿馈送方向穿过所述工具(1)的所述密封表面(2)与所述配对密封表面之间的所述间隙,引导所述线(13)穿过所述密封表面(2)和/或所述配对工具的所述至少一个凹槽(3),
使得所述两个材料网部段(11、12)在至少两个连接表面处焊接在一起,所述线(13)布置在所述两个连接表面之间,使得在第一方向和第二方向上在所述线(13)与所述材料网部段(11、12)之间存在正向连接,所述两个方向彼此垂直对齐,其特征在于,在加工期间选择所述线(13)相对于所述凹槽(3)横截面的横截面,使得在所述步骤c.期间,不仅将所述两个材料网部段(11、12)焊接在一起,还将所述线(13)的外侧部段焊接到所述材料网部段(11、12),使得所述线(13)的所述外侧部段与所述两个材料网部段(11、12)牢固地连接。
2.根据前述权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,用于接纳所述至少一根线的所述凹槽和所述线的横截面选择为使得所述线的横截面在所述步骤c.期间适应所述凹槽的形状。
3.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,选择所述线(13)的横截面使得所述线(13)在张紧状态下的横截面大于所述凹槽(3)的深度。
4.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤c.中用超声波振动激发所述工具(1),使得在所述至少两个连接表面处用超声波加工所述两个材料网部段。
5.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤c.中加热所述工具(1),使得在所述至少两个连接表面处将所述两个材料网部段熔合在一起。
6.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述凹槽(3)在所述馈送方向上定向,其中,所述凹槽(3)将所述密封表面(2)和所述配对密封表面分别分成局部密封表面(7),其中,所述凹槽(3)具有凹槽基部(4)和与所述凹槽基部(4)邻接的两个侧壁(5、6),并且其中,所述侧壁(5、6)将所述凹槽基部(4)连接到所述局部密封表面(7),其中,所述局部密封表面(7)中的至少一个在垂直于所述馈送方向的剖视图中具有至少一个朝向所述凹槽基部(4)向下倾斜的侧腹部(8),所述侧腹部(8)优选地在垂直于所述馈送方向的剖视图中以半径RF凸形地弯曲。
7.根据前述权利要求所述的方法,其特征在于,所述凹槽基部(4)凹形地弯曲,凹形地弯曲的所述凹槽基部(4)优选地直接邻接所述局部密封表面(7)的优选为凸形地弯曲的所述侧腹部(8)。
8.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个凹槽(3)布置在所述工具(1)的所述密封表面(2)上。
9.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述密封表面(2)和/或所述配对密封表面包括定向在所述馈送方向上的多个凹槽(3),用于至少部分地接纳所述至少一根线(13)。
10.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个凹槽(3)的深度在0.05毫米至0.8毫米之间。
11.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,焊接期间所述至少两个连接表面之间的距离为:
i)与所述线在松弛状态下的直径相对应,或者
ii)大于所述线在松弛状态下的直径。
12.根据前述权利要求中的一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述牢固连接以这样的方式进行,即,在垂直于所述线方向的剖视图中,所述线只在周向方向上分部段地牢固地连接到所述材料网部段,所述牢固连接优选地以这样的方式进行,即,在垂直于所述线方向的剖视图中,所述线在所述周向方向上在两个不同部段处牢固地连接到所述材料网部段。
13.一种可聚拢或聚拢材料,所述可聚拢或聚拢材料由至少两个材料网部段(11、12)和至少一根线(13)构成,所述线(13)布置在所述材料网部段(11、12)之间,所述两个材料网部段(11、12)在至少两个连接表面处彼此焊接,所述线(13)布置在所述两个连接表面之间,使得在第一方向和第二方向上在所述线(13)与所述材料网部段(11、12)之间存在正向连接,所述两个方向彼此垂直对齐,其特征在于,所述线(13)牢固地连接到所述两个材料网部段(11、12)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的可聚拢或聚拢材料,其特征在于,所述可聚拢或聚拢材料通过根据权利要求1至12中的任一项所述的方法生产。
CN202280048707.2A 2021-07-13 2022-03-10 用于生产聚拢材料的方法和聚拢材料 Pending CN117858794A (zh)

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