CN117838736A - 凝结芽孢杆菌ja845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用 - Google Patents
凝结芽孢杆菌ja845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
凝结芽孢杆菌JA845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用,涉及食品微生物技术领域。本发明通过将凝结芽孢杆菌JA845制备成菌悬液和后生元,探讨其对动脉粥样硬化小鼠的腹主动脉内皮炎症损伤以及肠道菌群的影响,结果显示凝结芽孢杆菌JA845菌悬液及其后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠具有良好的降脂作用,降低了血浆中的血脂含量,缓解了机体炎症,降低了胆汁酸水平及TMAO的产生,提高了肠道菌群多样性,从而对动脉粥样硬化病具有良好的预防和治疗作用。本发明为防治动脉粥样硬化提供新的技术思路和方法,实现改善人类健康及促进社会可持续发展的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品微生物技术领域,具体涉及凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用。
背景技术
近年来,动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病的发病率不断上升,这些疾病对人类健康和社会经济发展都带来了巨大的负面影响。研究表明,肠道菌群失调可能是这些疾病的一个重要原因之一。因此,通过改善肠道菌群来预防和治疗这些疾病成为了研究的热点。
许多研究表明,可以通过调节肠道菌群来对动脉粥样硬化产生积极的影响。益生菌是一种对人体有益的微生物,可以在肠道内定居并增殖。益生菌可以促进肠道内的正常微生物菌群平衡,降低氧化三甲胺(TMAO)的产生量。血液中氧化三甲胺(TMAO)浓度的增加与主要不良心血管事件和全因死亡率的增加密切相关,氧化三甲胺(TMAO)致动脉粥样硬化和血栓形成作用的机制包括增强泡沫细胞形成,减少逆向胆固醇运输,诱导血小板聚集。因此,降低氧化三甲胺(TMAO)的产生可以降低动脉粥样硬化的风险。
后生元是益生菌经加工处理后的益生菌代谢物成分统称,包括菌体与代谢产物。研究证实,经过筛选的后生元,增强免疫能力优于原活菌,即使经由高温作用或肠胃消化液处理,仍保有高度生理活性。相较于传统活性益生菌,后生元不具有活性但保留了大量营养、有效成分,如维生素、脂质、蛋白质、多、有机酸、菌体成分等,因此适应于各类食品加工,且不影响产品的功能性。
因此,通过益生菌/后生元改善肠道菌群,降低氧化三甲胺(TMAO)的产生,可能是预防和治疗动脉粥样硬化的一种有效方法。这一领域的研究将对动脉粥样硬化的防治提供新的思路和方法,从而有望改善人类的健康状况,促进社会的可持续发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用,从而为防治动脉粥样硬化提供新的技术思路和方法,实现改善人类健康及促进社会可持续发展的目的。
本发明为解决技术问题所采用的的技术方案如下:
本发明提供的一种凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用。
作为其中的一种优选的实施方式,按照以下方法将所述凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845制备成菌悬液使用:
将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845接种于液体LB培养基,摇床培养后离心弃上清,得到菌体沉淀,菌泥用无菌生理盐水配置成菌悬液,根据其OD600吸光度及平板计数结果,调整菌数为8×109CFU/mL,获得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液。
作为其中的一种优选的实施方式,按照以下方法将所述凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845制备成后生元悬液使用:
将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845接种于液体LB培养基,摇床培养后离心弃上清,得到菌体沉淀,菌泥用无菌生理盐水配置成菌悬液,根据其OD600吸光度及平板计数结果,调整菌数,获得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液;将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液离心弃上清后,加入无菌纯净水重悬;在冰浴中对重悬菌液进行超声破壁;对超声后液体进行真空冷冻干燥得到凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845后生元粉末;将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元粉末溶解于生理盐水中,配制成凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元悬液。
作为其中的一种优选的实施方式,所述凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845的功能包括:
(a1)降低动脉粥样硬化患者血浆中的血脂含量;
(a2)缓解动脉粥样硬化患者机体炎症;
(a3)降低动脉粥样硬化患者胆汁酸含量;
(a4)降低动脉粥样硬化患者TMAO的产生;
(a5)提高动脉粥样硬化患者肠道菌群多样性。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供了一种凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用。通过将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845制备成菌悬液和后生元,探讨其对动脉粥样硬化小鼠的腹主动脉内皮炎症损伤以及肠道菌群的影响,结果显示,凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液及其后生元对于动脉粥样硬化小鼠的体重有一定的调控作用,并且可以保护动脉粥样硬化小鼠的腹主动脉内皮炎症损伤;同时降低了IL-6、IL-1β、IL-33和TNF-α等炎症因子的表达,提高了小鼠肠道菌群的丰富度和群落多样性,并且显著增加了Firmicutes菌群丰度,并减少了Proteobacteria有害菌的丰度。综上,凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液及其后生元对于动脉粥样硬化小鼠具有良好的降脂作用,降低了血浆中的血脂含量,缓解了机体炎症,降低了胆汁酸水平以及TMAO的产生,提高了肠道菌群多样性,从而对动脉粥样硬化病具有良好的预防和治疗作用。因此,本发明的一株凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液及其后生元具有广阔的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠体重的影响。
图2为各试验组动脉粥样硬化小鼠腹主动脉免疫荧光染色切片。图中,A:免疫荧光染色结果;B:CD68阳性细胞率;C:α-SMA阳性细胞率。
图3为凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠炎症指标的影响。图中,A:IL-6水平;B:IL-1β水平;C:IL-33水平;D:TNF-α水平。
图4为凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠胆汁酸的影响。
图5为凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠TMA和TMAO的影响。图中,A:FMO3蛋白条带;B:FMO3蛋白表达,β-Actin作为蛋白质内参;C:TMA和TMAO代谢物的在组间变化和组内分布。
图6为凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠肠道菌群的影响。图中,A:肠道菌群α多样性分析;B:肠道中物种组成分析;C:肠道菌群聚类分析;D:肠道菌群菌属热图分析。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为自常规生化试剂商店购买得到的。以下实施例中的定量试验,均设置三次重复实验,结果取平均值。
固体LB培养基:溶剂为水,胰蛋白胨10g/L、酵母浸粉5g/L、氯化钠10g/L、琼脂15g/L;如无特殊说明,pH=7.0。
液体LB培养基:液体LB培养基与固体LB培养基的区别仅在于液体LB培养基中不加入琼脂。
SPF级健康雄性C57BL/6J小鼠,购于长春市亿斯实验动物技术有限公司,生产许可证号:SCXK(吉)-2011-0004。进行为期一周的适应性喂养,动物房温度为21±2℃,相对湿度为40±10%,采食和饮水自由进行。
基础饲料:长春市亿斯实验动物技术有限责任公司。
高脂饲料(%代表g/100g):基础饲料75%,猪油10%,蛋黄粉10%,胆固醇(食品级,郑州苍宇化工产品有限公司)5%。
凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845,已于2020年4月14日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,简称CGMCC,地址为:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号(中国科学院微生物研究所),保藏编号为:CGMCC No.19576。
实施例1凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液的制备
将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845接种于液体LB培养基,50℃摇床180rpm培养10h,3000r/min,4℃离心10min,弃上清,得到菌体沉淀,菌泥用无菌生理盐水配置成菌悬液,根据其OD600吸光度及平板计数结果,调整菌数为8×109CFU/mL,获得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液。
实施例2凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元的制备
取50mL实施例1所得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液,3000r/min,4℃离心10min,弃上清,加入50mL无菌纯净水重悬。使用超声破碎仪,在冰浴中对重悬菌液进行超声破壁,超声条件:15min,800W。对超声后液体进行真空冷冻干燥,得到凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元粉末。将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元粉末溶解于50mL生理盐水中,配制成凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元悬液,用于后续动物实验。
实施例3凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠的腹主动脉内皮炎症损伤以及肠道菌群的影响
一、实验分组及处理
SPF级健康雄性C57BL/6J小鼠40只,进行为期一周的适应性喂养,采食和饮水由小鼠自由进行。然后进行随机分组,分为4组,每组10只,处理如下:
空白组(Control):第2-8周给予基础饲料,自由摄食饮水。第3-8周每天灌胃一次生理盐水(单次单只的给予量为0.2mL),每周称量体重,末次实验结束后禁食不禁水,次日处死实验动物,取血清、肝脏组织、内皮组织和粪便。
模型组(Model):第2-8周给予高脂饲料联合胆碱水,并于首次喂养的第3、5、7天按照700000U/kg的总剂量腹腔注射维生素D3注射液。第3-8周每天灌胃一次生理盐水(单次单只的给予量为0.2mL),每周称量体重,末次实验结束后禁食不禁水,次日处死实验动物,取血清、肝脏组织、内皮组织和粪便。
凝结芽孢杆菌组(JA845):第3-8周给予高脂饲料联合胆碱水,并于首次喂养的第3、5、7天按照700000U/kg的总剂量腹腔注射维生素D3注射液,每天灌胃一次实施例1所得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液(单次单只的给予量为0.2mL),每周称量体重,末次实验结束后禁食不禁水,次日处死实验动物,取血清、肝脏组织、内皮组织和粪便。
后生元组(JA845-Post):第3-8周给予高脂饲料联合胆碱水,并于首次喂养的第3、5、7天按照700000U/kg的总剂量腹腔注射维生素D3注射液,每天灌胃一次实施例2所得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元悬液(单次单只的给予量为0.2mL),每周称量体重,末次实验结束后禁食不禁水,次日处死实验动物,取血清、肝脏组织、内皮组织和粪便。
二、动脉粥样硬化小鼠相关生理生化指标检测
1、小鼠体重检测
小鼠体重检测结果如图1所示,小鼠起始体重约为19.5~20.5g之间,并无显著性差异。在给小鼠进行高脂高糖联合胆碱水饲喂8周后,模型组小鼠体重出现了显著变化,平均体重约23~24g,空白组小鼠平均体重约为21~22g。第3周开始灌胃凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元悬液,小鼠体重下降幅度减小,第8周实验结束后,后生元组(JA845-Post)小鼠平均体重达到22.23g,这说明凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对于动脉粥样硬化小鼠的体重有一定的调控作用。
2、免疫荧光染色
由于泡沫细胞的主要来源是平滑肌细胞(SMCs)和巨噬细胞,所以检测平滑肌细胞(SMCs)的相对含量及巨噬细胞的相对含量。具体的,用细胞SMC标记物(α-SMA)和巨噬细胞标记物(CD68)对动脉粥样硬化小鼠腹主动脉进行免疫荧光染色。染色结果如图2所示,结果表明,动脉粥样硬化小鼠内膜CD68阳性巨噬细胞增多及α-SMA阳性面积减少自始至终促进病变进展,而经过凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元的补充治疗后,CD68的表达减少,α-SMA的表达增多,这说明凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元可以保护动脉粥样硬化小鼠的腹主动脉内皮炎症损伤。
3、凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠炎症指标的影响
测定小鼠血清中IL-6、IL-33、IL-1β和TNF-α水平,评价凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠炎症因子产生的影响。结果如图3所示,与空白组相比,模型组中这四种炎症因子的表达均显著升高。而在经过凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845菌悬液及凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元悬液的补充治疗后,这种情况被明显逆转。后生元组IL-6、IL-1β、IL-33和TNF-α的表达均有不同程度的下降,分别下降13.94%、9.78%、19.99%和9.20%(p<0.01)。
4、凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠胆汁酸的影响
由于肠道菌群能够改变次级胆汁酸的组成,将体内多余胆固醇排出体外,最终减少循环胆固醇水平,减轻动脉粥样硬化斑块蓄积,因此测定了动脉粥样硬化小鼠胆汁酸(BA)的水平。结果如图4所示,与空白组相比,模型组中动脉粥样硬化小鼠胆汁酸水平的表达显著升高(p<0.01),经过凝结芽孢杆菌JA845及其后生元的补充治疗后,动脉粥样硬化小鼠胆汁酸水平均有明显下降,分别下降22.86%和30.80%。
5、凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠三甲胺(TMA)和氧化三甲胺(TMAO)的影响
由于氧化三甲胺(TMAO)的产生依赖于肝黄素单加氧酶3(FMO3),FMO3可将三甲胺(TMA)代谢为氧化三甲胺(TMAO)。因此评估了凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对肝脏FMO3的影响。结果如图5中A和B所示,模型组中FMO3的蛋白表达水平显著升高,结合图5中C的结果,表明TMA向TMAO的转化使TMAO升高与肝脏FMO3表达有关。
6、凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对动脉粥样硬化小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用
Chao 1指数反映样品中群落的丰富度,指数越大,物种越丰富;Shannon指数反映群落的多样性,Shannon指数越大,群落多样性越大;Simpson指数表征多样性,物种多样性越高,则两个样本属于同一物种的概率越小,属于不同物种的概率越大;Pielou-e指数表征均匀度,数值越大,越均匀。由图6中A可以看出,模型组小鼠Alpha多样性指数均低于空白组,而后生元组Alpha多样性指数均高于模型组,说明通过灌胃凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845后生元后小鼠肠道菌群的丰富度和群落多样性明显增加。
对各组小鼠肠道菌群门水平进行了分析,分析结果见图6中B。给予凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液和凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元干预后,试验小鼠肠道菌群中的微生物丰度发生变化。门水平结果表明,Firmicutes、Bacteroidetes、Proteobacteria和Actinobacteria是主要的四大优势菌门,其中模型组小鼠肠道中Proteobacteria等有害细菌的相对丰度增加,而Firmicutes、Bacteroidetes和Verrucomicrobia等有益细菌的相对丰度降低。与模型组相比,凝结芽孢杆菌组及后生元组中Firmicutes菌群丰度显著增加,并减少了Proteobacteria有害菌的丰度。
主坐标分析(PCoA)分析组间差异结果如图6中C所示,从图中可以更加直观的观察到组间微生物群落差异。空白组与模型组距离较远且单独成簇,说明两组微生物群落结构差异较大。凝结芽孢杆菌组与后生元组高度重合,说明凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845菌悬液和凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元对于肠道微生物群落改变效果相似,肠道群落差异较小;同时后生元组与空白组相交,说明使用凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元干预后,动脉粥样硬化小鼠肠道微生物群落结构更为接近空白组。
利用聚类热图展示各组属水平物种分布差异,将小鼠肠道微生物物种及其丰度变化大小以颜色深浅表示出来,方便人们从颜色视觉变化而更加直观的观察其微生物群落结构的变化。结果如图6中D所示,红色代表正相关,蓝色代表负相关。经VD3联合HFD诱导后,小鼠肠道中Ruminococcus、Helicobacter、Mucispirillum、Oscillospira和Desulfovibrio菌属相对丰度较高;而Lactobacillus、Streptococcus、Sutterella和Bifidobacterium菌属相对丰度较低。使用凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元干预后,上述菌属相对丰度变化趋势则相反,且属水平物种分布与空白组更为相似。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845在制备预防和/或治疗抗动脉粥样硬化药物中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,按照以下方法将所述凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845制备成菌悬液使用:
将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845接种于液体LB培养基,摇床培养后离心弃上清,得到菌体沉淀,菌泥用无菌生理盐水配置成菌悬液,根据其OD600吸光度及平板计数结果,调整菌数为8×109CFU/mL,获得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,按照以下方法将所述凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845制备成后生元悬液使用:
将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845接种于液体LB培养基,摇床培养后离心弃上清,得到菌体沉淀,菌泥用无菌生理盐水配置成菌悬液,根据其OD600吸光度及平板计数结果,调整菌数,获得凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液;将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845菌悬液离心弃上清后,加入无菌纯净水重悬;在冰浴中对重悬菌液进行超声破壁;对超声后液体进行真空冷冻干燥得到凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacilluscoagulans)JA845后生元粉末;将凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元粉末溶解于生理盐水中,配制成凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845后生元悬液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)JA845的功能包括:
(a1)降低动脉粥样硬化患者血浆中的血脂含量;
(a2)缓解动脉粥样硬化患者机体炎症;
(a3)降低动脉粥样硬化患者胆汁酸含量;
(a4)降低动脉粥样硬化患者TMAO的产生;
(a5)提高动脉粥样硬化患者肠道菌群多样性。
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