CN1178339C - Durable rotary electric contactor - Google Patents
Durable rotary electric contactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1178339C CN1178339C CNB021159068A CN02115906A CN1178339C CN 1178339 C CN1178339 C CN 1178339C CN B021159068 A CNB021159068 A CN B021159068A CN 02115906 A CN02115906 A CN 02115906A CN 1178339 C CN1178339 C CN 1178339C
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- contact piece
- electric contact
- brush
- housing
- rotary electric
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a rotary electric contact device with longer service life, which comprises a rotary electric contact piece and a static electric contact piece which are arranged in a closed shell body in which insulation lubricating liquid is charged. According to the scheme, the rotary electric contact piece is a glide ring (a sink flow ring, a collector ring) or a commutator (a reverser, a commutator), and the static electric contact piece is an electric brush and comprises brush threads and a carbon brush. The present invention enables the rotary electric contact piece to be fully lubricated so that the friction force and the abrasion can be reduced greatly; thererby, the present invention is beneficial to improving the stability of contact resistance, and enables electric contact pairs to be fully cooled by using the flow and the circulation of insulation lubricating oil so that the electric contact pairs can work at a lower temperature; therefore, the load capacity of the rotary electric contact piece can be improved. The present invention enables the rotary electric contact piece to have the functions that outside harmful substances can be prevented from entering the piece under the conditions of underwater environment, vacuum, strong corrosive mediums, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rotary electric contactor that has than the long life, rotation electrically contacts general reference and makes the electrical contact device of relative motion with rotation mode, comprises that rotating potentiometer in brush, collector ring, Differential Slip-Ring and the electronic devices and components, rotary switch etc. make the electrical contact device of relative motion with rotation mode.
Background technology
The rotation electrical contact device is extensive use of in motor, electrical equipment and instrument and meter, has friction and wear in its course of work inevitably, for reducing friction and wearing and tearing, prolongs rotation electrical contact device working life, and the technical measures that adopt are at present:
1, is coated with the kollag coating in the metal surface, as graphite, molybdenum bisuphide, two selenizing niobiums, contact kollag BY-2, " 823 " etc.;
2, brush is made with solid self lubricant material graphite;
3, the composite material that adopts conducting metal and kollag to make is as Ag-MoS2-C etc.; For example: application number 92215456, denomination of invention are graphite-disclosed technology of copper graphite composite material brush;
4, adopted the wind-force blowing, methods such as groove holds, labor cleaning solve the wear debris problem, and for example: application number 92244438, denomination of invention are that Differential slip-ring is remembered the technical scheme of plucking.
Under common service condition, abovementioned technology can be reduced friction and wear and tear to a certain extent, prolongs rotation electrical contact device useful life.But abovementioned technology still has following weak point:
1, because the lubricating ability of kollag not as fluid lubricant, can not be coated with too thickly again (too thick then become insulating barrier), lubricated abundant inadequately, and kollag easily takes away with wear debris, and the later stage wearing and tearing are very fast.
2, in practice sometimes also at metal surface coating liquid lubricant (as mineral lubricating oil), can reduce friction and noise in the short period of time, but only can be as provisional measure, because fluid lubricant volatilization is easily wandered away, and easily be diffused into insulating surface, make metal surface and insulating surface all adhere to dust and wear debris easily, increase wearing and tearing on the contrary, and cause short circuit, so generally be considered as taboo.
3, wear debris can not be taken away effectively.Facts have proved: wear debris usually adsorbs and is deposited between each ring of collector ring or the surface of insulating layer between each commutator segment of commutator, causes failure of insulation.This is one of major reason of rotation electrical contact device inefficacy.And the time ratio that this failure mode occurs is more difficult to calculate because of the time that electrically contacts secondary wear out failure appearance.Methods such as the wind-force that adopts blew down in the past, the commutator groove holds can not settle the matter once and for all, and lean on artificial often cleaning to safeguard.
4, in order to prevent that the metal surface from influencing the stability of contact resistance because of oxidation, often needs to use noble metal.
5, do not have protective effect under particular surroundings concurrently, for example under water, use in vacuum or the Korrosionsmedium.
Because the restriction of above-mentioned factor, the rotation electrical contact device often becomes costliness in some system and the shortest link of life-span, again because its residing position in system is difficult to backup or switching.Personnel can't be approaching environment in, often cause whole system to lose efficacy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to the deficiency that exists at above-mentioned prior art and provides a kind of friction and wear little, and serviceability is stable, the rotary electric contactor that Acceptable life is long.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: include rotation electric contact piece and static electric contact piece, its difference is to rotate electric contact piece and static electric contact piece is installed in the housing of sealing, is filled with the insulation lubricating fluid in the housing.
Press such scheme, described rotation electric contact piece is slip ring (collector ring, collector ring) or commutator (commutation, commutator), and described static electric contact piece is a brush, comprises brush silk, carbon brush.
The space of rotation electric contact piece and static electric contact piece work can be full of the insulation lubricating fluid in housing, the rotation electrical contact device is immersed in the insulation lubricating fluid works.
Described insulation lubricating fluid can be selected mineral lubricating oil, synthetic lubricant fluid for use, as silicone oil, esters of silicon acis, phosphate, fluorocarbon oil, ester class oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil and animal and plant fat etc.
In order to monitor the liquid level of insulation lubricating fluid, level instruction device can be set.
At the big more situation of heavy load rotary electric contactor wear debris of the high electric current of rotating speed, the purifier or the circulating purifying device of insulation lubricating fluid can be set, make insulating surface and insulation lubricating fluid all keep clean, prevent issuable short circuit, in the circulating purifying device filter can be set, can in the rotating shaft of rotation electric contact piece, install the power of pump as circulating purifying device.
When device of the present invention under water, when working under the condition such as strong corrosive medium, for prevent extraneous harmful substance enter in the housing and in the housing insulation lubricating fluid too fast loss, one pressure equalization means can be set make housing inside and outside isobaric, a pressure compensator perhaps is set make the interior pressure of housing a little more than external pressure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
With insulation lubricating fluid submergence rotation electrical contact device, the effect of following four aspects is arranged:
1, suspension cleaning function
The rotation electrical contact device is immersed in the operating state in the insulation lubricating fluid, and is completely different with the operating state of " at metal surface coating liquid lubricant ".The liquid of sufficient amount floats on a liquid the wear debris suspended dispersed, and metal surface and insulating surface are produced cleaning function, makes it to keep clean.So both prevent the aggravation of honing, prevented the insulating surface short circuit again.And therefore can electrically contact secondary entity size and realize long enough and reliable working life by increase.
Generally speaking, because action of gravity, wear debris finally is deposited in bottom of device.Wear debris produces when very fast, and cleaning system makes the insulation lubricating fluid still can keep clean, can prevent issuable short circuit.
2, lubrication
Because the rotation electrical contact device obtains the lubricated of fullest, make frictional force and wearing and tearing greatly reduce.
3, conductive force
Because the capacity of heat transmission of liquid far above air, is therefore utilized flowing of insulation lubricating oil and circulation to make to electrically contact pair and is obtained cooling off more fully, they is worked on lower temperature, thereby improve the load-bearing capacity of rotation electrical contact device.
4, protective effect
The insulation lubricating fluid has completely cut off the oxidation of air, makes wearing and tearing greatly reduce, and helps improving the stability of contact resistance, and do not need to use precious metal material.
Owing to be full of the insulation lubricating fluid in the rotation electrical contact device, add the effect of pressure equalization means or pressure compensator, also make the rotation electrical contact device possess and prevent that extraneous harmful substance from entering the function in the device.Therefore adopt rotation electrical contact device of the present invention, can be under water, work in the adverse circumstances such as vacuum, strong corrosive medium.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the positive view of first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of second embodiment of the invention, also is the C-C cutaway view among Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 is the B-B cutaway view among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the positive view of third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the positive view of four embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the positive view of fifth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are the schematic diagram of sixth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is the positive view of seventh embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 is the enlarged drawing of brush holder parts among Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the D-D cutaway view among Figure 11.
Embodiment
Further specify embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
First embodiment such as Fig. 1, shown in 2, include an airtight housing 11, the housing two ends are equipped with sealing ring 7, be installed on the brush carrier 16a of two semi arch bulks in the housing, brush carrier is installed on sheet brush 14a by torsion spring 15 front and back correspondences, the sheet brush is spaced vertically and installs, what each came the housing sagittal plane is provided with 4 all around, wherein 2 sheet brush branches are located at the front end left and right sides, housing sagittal plane, other 2 sheet brush branches are located at the left and right sides, rear end, housing sagittal plane, and about the sheet brush placed separate with dividing plate 17, the sheet brush links to each other with brush lead-out wire 8, constitutes static electric contact piece thus; In the circular hole that brush carrier constituted, be provided with slip ring axle 12, the slip ring axle circumferentially be installed at interval row's slip ring 10 vertically corresponding to the sheet brush, the two ends of slip ring axle are by bearing 18 supportings, and slip ring joins by slip ring lead-out wire 13 and power supply or signal source, constitute the rotation electric contact piece thus; Being full of in the whole housing has the insulation lubricating fluid, and oilhole 9 by offering on the slip ring axle, make the insulation lubricating oil up/down perforation in the whole housing, outside housing, be installed on an insulation lubricating fluid circulating filtration purifier 1, this device includes pump 4 and motor 3, be serially connected with filter 5 in the intake line of pump, and configuration differential manometer 6, intake line is connected with the oil pocket of lower end in the housing then, the oil pocket of upper end joins in the output pipe of pump and the housing, can install liquid level gauge 2 in the output pipe, to observe the liquid level of insulation lubricating fluid in the housing.
Second embodiment of the present invention such as Fig. 3, shown in 4, the main difference of it and a last embodiment is to be provided with between rotation electric contact piece and static electric contact piece conducts electricity ball 22, it is corresponding with slip ring 10 that every row is conducted electricity ball, by retainer 21 each conduction ball is installed the location, the lower end of retainer and thrust bearing 19 join, the periphery and the static electric contact piece of conduction ball are conducted, static electric contact piece is by brush carrier 16b and arc brush wires 14b and compress pin 23 and constitute, wherein the middle part of arc brush wires embeds in the narrow groove of offering on the brush carrier 20, and the other parts structure is identical with a last embodiment.
Third embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 5, be a kind of plate-like collector ring, be installed on brush dish 24 separately in the housing, protruding on the brush dish have a brush wires 14c, constitute static electric contact piece, brush wires 14c and brush lead-out wire 8 are connected, the rotation electric contact piece then constitutes by rotating shaft 25 with collector ring disc 26 that rotating shaft links, collector ring 10 on the collector ring disc completely cuts off mutually and links to each other with slip ring lead-out wire 13, the structure of remainder is identical with first embodiment, goes up in the lower oil cavitie in the housing and all offers oilhole 9.
The 4th embodiment as shown in Figure 6, be a kind of collector ring that is provided with circulation precipitation purifier in the insulation lubricating fluid, the main difference of it and first embodiment is that slip ring axle top is equipped with an impeller 27, impeller is straight chip impeller, can rotate with slip ring axle 12, between the outside of brush carrier 16c and housing, be provided with runner 28, inclined oil hole of air 29 and radial direction oil hole 32 that runner and brush carrier bottom are offered are conducted, enter space 33 between brush carrier and the slip ring by them, communicate with the ring-type chip pocket 31 of housing lower end through lower channel 30 simultaneously, like this when collector ring is worked, impeller rotates with the slip ring axle, insulation lubricating oil in the drive shell circulates up and down, when circulating, because the action of gravity of wear debris, when flow path runner 28, be settled down in the ring-type chip pocket, therefrom insulation lubricating oil played the effect of purification.
The 5th embodiment as shown in Figure 7, also be that a kind of insulation lubricating fluid internal circulation filtering that is provided with adds the collector ring that precipitates purifier, the main difference part of it and the 4th embodiment is to be installed in the lower end of brush carrier 16d a pinion stand 35, be installed on an impeller 27 on the pinion stand, impeller can be straight chip impeller, the drive end of impeller links by one group of speed change (speedup) gear train 34 and slip ring axle 12, oil pocket one side that straight chip impeller is turned round is connected with runner 28, the lower end then communicates with chip pocket 31, and being installed on filter screen 36, to be brush carrier through the lower channel 30 and the inner chamber of brush carrier be connected with space 33 between the slip ring side of chip pocket.
Sixth embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 8,9, when device of the present invention under water, when working under the condition such as strong corrosive medium, for preventing that extraneous harmful substance from entering in the housing and the lubricating fluid that insulate in the housing runs off too quickly, a pressure equalization means 37 can be set be connected with the insulation lubricating fluid of housing inner chamber.Pressure equalization means is made of leather bag 38 and the shell 39 that has through hole 41, being full of proportion in the leather bag is conducted greater than the insulation lubricating fluid of extraneous medium and by pipeline 42 and housing 11 inner chambers 43, the leather bag lower end can be provided with a bearing plate 40, is used for the pressure-bearing of leather bag bottom.When this device is worked under water, water via through holes 41 enters effect leather bag 38 in the shell, hydraulic pressure is passed to the housing inner chamber that is equipped with the rotation electric contact piece by leather bag, make the inside and outside pressure of housing identical, can reduce the pressure reduction of mechanical seal junction 44 like this, strengthen the sealing property and the useful life of seal.According to circumstances also can 40 times pressure compensator be set at bearing plate, pressure compensator is made of guide rod 49 that links to each other with bearing plate and the spring 48 that is sleeved on the guide rod, use compensation for leather bag pressure, so that the pressure of the insulation lubricating fluid of housing inner chamber is a little more than the pressure of external agency, prevent that effectively outside hazardous medium from entering enclosure interior, constitutes isostasy compensation arrangement 46 thus.In leather bag, can install insulation lubricating fluid surplus transducer 47, so that in time understand the fluid situation in the leather bag.
The 7th embodiment shown in Figure 10,11,12, for a kind of underwater operation the brush direct current machine arranged, electric machine casing 64 joins together with umbrella gear box housing 56.Motor comprises stator 59 and rotor 60, the rotor upper end is connected with commutator 61 and is the rotation electric contact piece, the periphery of commutator is equipped with brush holder 62, brush holder includes brush holder seat 66, and the both sides of commutator dispose conductive roller 70 in the brush holder seat, and conductive roller links to each other with slide block 68 and constitutes static electric contact piece, the slide block rear end is furnished with holddown spring 67, offer fuel feed hole 69 and spill port 71 in the brush holder seat, spill port and conductive roller place are conducted, and 50 join with the input of filter 65 by the road.Upper end at motor shaft 58 also joins through a shaft coupling 52 and a gear pump 51, and the input of gear pump is taken over filter 65, and configuration differential manometer 6, and output 63 joins with the fuel feed hole of brush holder by the road.The lower end of motor shaft joins through mechanically-sealing apparatus 44 and bevel gear transmission mechanism, the bevel gear transmission mechanism is made of a pair of bevel gear pair 57, side direction is a power output shaft 55, and dispose mechanically-sealing apparatus 44, the bevel gear transmission mechanism is installed in the umbrella gear box housing 56 that links to each other with electric machine casing, is full of lubricating oil in the umbrella gear box housing, and umbrella gear box housing inner chamber links to each other with an isostasy compensation arrangement 46, in order to increase the pressure of the lubricating oil in the umbrella gear box housing, enhanced leaktightness.In addition, below electric machine casing, dispose a pressure equalization means 37, be conducted, be equipped with fluid insulation measurement device 53 and transparent oil ga(u)ge 54 in electric machine casing and the Umbrella not dipping water while closing gear box casing with insulation lubricating oil in the electric machine casing 64.
Claims (18)
1, a kind of rotary electric contactor, include rotation electric contact piece and static electric contact piece, it is characterized in that rotating electric contact piece and static electric contact piece and be installed in the housing of sealing, be filled with the insulation lubricating fluid in the housing, rotation electric contact piece and static electric contact piece are immersed in the insulation lubricating fluid.
2, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described rotation electric contact piece is slip ring or commutator.
3, by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors, it is characterized in that described static electric contact piece is a brush.
4,, it is characterized in that the space that rotates electric contact piece and static electric contact piece work in housing is full of the insulation lubricating fluid by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors.
5, by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors, it is characterized in that described insulation lubricating fluid is mineral lubricating oil, synthetic lubricant fluid.
6, by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors, it is characterized in that being provided with level instruction device.
7,, it is characterized in that being provided with the purifier or the circulating purifying device of insulation lubricating fluid by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors.
8, by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors, it is characterized in that being provided with in the circulating purifying device filter.
9, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 8, it is characterized in that including an airtight housing (11), the housing two ends are equipped with sealing ring (7), be installed on the brush carrier (16a) of two semi arch bulks in the housing, in the circular hole that brush carrier constituted, be provided with slip ring axle (12), the slip ring axle circumferentially be installed at interval row's slip ring (10) vertically corresponding to brush, the two ends of slip ring axle are supported by bearing (18), slip ring joins by slip ring lead-out wire (13) and power supply or signal source, constitute the rotation electric contact piece thus, being full of in the whole housing has insulation lubricating oil, and by offering oilhole (9) on the slip ring axle, make the insulation lubricating oil up/down perforation in the whole housing, outside housing, be installed on an insulation lubricating fluid circulating filtration purifier (1), this device includes pump (4) and motor (3), be serially connected with filter (5) in the intake line of pump, and configuration differential manometer (6), intake line is connected with the oil pocket of lower end in the housing, the oil pocket of upper end joins in the output pipe of pump and the housing, installs liquid level gauge (2) in the output pipe.
10, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 9, it is characterized in that brush carrier passes through torsion spring (15) front and back correspondence and is installed on sheet brush (14a), the sheet brush is spaced vertically and installs, what each came the housing sagittal plane is provided with 4 all around, wherein 2 sheet brush branches are located at the front end left and right sides, housing sagittal plane, other 2 sheet brush branches are located at the left and right sides, rear end, housing sagittal plane, and about the sheet brush placed separate with dividing plate (17), the sheet brush links to each other with lead-out wire (8), constitutes static electric contact piece thus.
11, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 9, it is characterized in that between rotation electric contact piece and static electric contact piece, being provided with conduction ball (22), it is corresponding with slip ring (10) that every row is conducted electricity ball, by retainer (21) each conduction ball is installed the location, the lower end of retainer and thrust bearing (19) join, the periphery and the static electric contact piece of conduction ball are conducted, and static electric contact piece is by brush carrier (16b) and arc brush wires (14b) and compress pin (23) formation.
12, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 8, it is characterized in that being installed in the housing brush dish (24) separately, protruding on the brush dish have a brush wires (14c), constitute static electric contact piece, the rotation electric contact piece then is made of rotating shaft (25) and the collector ring disc (26) that links with rotating shaft, collector ring on the collector ring disc (10) completely cuts off mutually and links to each other with slip ring lead-out wire (13), constitutes the plate-like collector ring.
13, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 10, it is characterized in that slip ring axle top is equipped with an impeller (27), rotate with slip ring axle (12), between the outside of brush carrier (16c) and housing, be provided with runner (28), inclined oil hole of air (29) and radial direction oil hole (32) that runner and brush carrier bottom are offered are conducted, enter space (33) between brush carrier and the slip ring by them, communicate with the ring-type chip pocket (31) of housing lower end through lower channel (30) simultaneously.
14, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 10, the lower end that it is characterized in that brush carrier (16) is installed on a pinion stand (35), be installed on an impeller (27) on the pinion stand, the drive end of impeller links by one group of speed increasing gear group (34) and slip ring axle (12), oil pocket one side that impeller turned round is connected with runner (28), the lower end then communicates with chip pocket (31), and being installed on filter screen (36), to be brush carrier through the lower channel (30) and the inner chamber of brush carrier be connected with space (33) between the slip ring side of chip pocket.
15, by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors, it is characterized in that being provided with a pressure equalization means (37) is connected with the insulation lubricating fluid of housing inner chamber, pressure equalization means is made of leather bag (38) and the shell (39) that has through hole (41), is full of proportion in the leather bag and is conducted greater than the insulation lubricating oil of extraneous medium and by pipeline (42) and housing (11) inner chamber (43).
16, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 15, it is characterized in that the leather bag lower end is provided with a bearing plate (40), guide rod (49) is set under bearing plate and is sleeved on spring (48) on the guide rod, constitute isostasy compensation arrangement (46) thus.
17, by claim 1 or 2 described rotary electric contactors, it is characterized in that described rotary electric contactor be a kind of underwater operation the brush direct current machine arranged, electric machine casing (64) joins together with umbrella gear box housing (56), motor comprises stator (59) and rotor (60), the rotor upper end is connected with the commutator (61) as the rotation electric contact piece, the periphery of commutator is equipped with brush holder (62), brush holder includes brush holder seat (66), the both sides of commutator dispose conductive roller (70) in the brush holder seat, conductive roller links to each other with slide block (68) and constitutes static electric contact piece, the slide block rear end is furnished with holddown spring (67), offer fuel feed hole (69) and spill port (71) in the brush holder seat, spill port and conductive roller place are conducted, and the input of (50) and filter joins by the road, upper end at motor shaft (58) also joins through a shaft coupling (52) and a gear pump (51), the input of gear pump is taken over filter (65), and configuration differential manometer (6), the output fuel feed hole of (63) and brush holder by the road joins, the lower end of motor shaft joins through mechanically-sealing apparatus (44) and bevel gear transmission mechanism, the bevel gear transmission mechanism is made of a pair of bevel gear pair (57), side direction is power output shaft (55), and dispose mechanically-sealing apparatus (44), the bevel gear transmission mechanism is installed in the umbrella gear box housing (56) that links to each other with electric machine casing, be full of lubricating oil in the umbrella gear box housing, and umbrella gear box housing inner chamber links to each other with an isostasy compensation arrangement (46).
18, by the described rotary electric contactor of claim 17, it is characterized in that below electric machine casing, disposing a pressure equalization means (37), be conducted with the insulation lubricating oil in the electric machine casing (64), be equipped with fluid insulation measurement device (53) and transparent oil ga(u)ge (54) in electric machine casing and the umbrella gear box housing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021159068A CN1178339C (en) | 2002-05-30 | 2002-05-30 | Durable rotary electric contactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021159068A CN1178339C (en) | 2002-05-30 | 2002-05-30 | Durable rotary electric contactor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1383238A CN1383238A (en) | 2002-12-04 |
| CN1178339C true CN1178339C (en) | 2004-12-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021159068A Expired - Fee Related CN1178339C (en) | 2002-05-30 | 2002-05-30 | Durable rotary electric contactor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1178339C (en) |
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| DE102010050469A1 (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-10 | Ltn Servotechnik Gmbh | Slip ring unit and use of the slip ring unit in a wind turbine |
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2002
- 2002-05-30 CN CNB021159068A patent/CN1178339C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1383238A (en) | 2002-12-04 |
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