CN117821303A - 一株调节阴道屏障功能辅助缓解阴道炎症的发酵粘液乳杆菌及其后生元 - Google Patents
一株调节阴道屏障功能辅助缓解阴道炎症的发酵粘液乳杆菌及其后生元 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一株调节阴道屏障功能辅助缓解阴道炎症的发酵粘液乳杆菌及其后生元,属于微生物技术领域。本发明提供的发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338分离自健康女性阴道分泌物,其具有调节阴道屏障功能辅助缓解阴道炎症的作用,具体体现在:减少VK2/E6E7细胞单层屏障FITC标记葡聚糖渗透率,降低阴道上皮屏障细胞通透性;降低个体阴道屏障可溶性钙粘蛋白E的分泌,提高紧密连接蛋白CLDN1的表达;降低阴道加德纳菌阴道定植;降低阴道炎个体唾液酸苷酶的含量和炎症因子TNF‑α分泌;改善个体阴道组织病理状况。因此,该发酵粘液乳杆菌在调节阴道屏障、辅助缓解阴道炎症的产品中,具有巨大的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一株调节阴道屏障功能辅助缓解阴道炎症的发酵粘液乳杆菌及其后生元,属于微生物技术领域。
背景技术
健康女性的生殖道(FGT)包含完整的黏膜表面和平衡的阴道菌群,能够有效阻挡致病菌和病毒的侵袭,减少生殖道相关疾病的发生。细菌性阴道炎(BV)是一种以阴道加德纳菌和其他厌氧菌的生长为特征的炎症状态,阴道加德纳菌及其产生的代谢产物能够破坏阴道上皮细胞,降低上皮屏障的完整性,提高艾滋病毒和其它病原体侵入机体的几率。
钙黏蛋白E(E-Cadherin)在上皮细胞-细胞粘附、形态发生和组织结构的维持中起着关键作用。钙黏蛋白E在损伤或炎症时在内皮细胞中被裂解成可溶性钙黏蛋白E(sECAD),sECAD的分泌量可以指示上皮屏障的完整性与否。BV相关的细菌,如阴道加德纳菌、普雷沃菌和拟杆菌等,可分泌唾液酸苷酶降解唾液酸,而唾液酸是生殖道黏液的关键成分,能有效捕捉微生物,通过唾液酸苷酶含量和炎症因子TNF-α含量测定可以评价阴道炎症状态。
临床上一般选用抗生素作为治疗阴道炎的首选药物,但抗生素会破坏阴道正常菌群,导致阴道炎的复发率偏高。目前,已有报道一些益生菌能辅助缓解阴道炎(CN103156886A、CN110339216A),主要作用机制为降低阴道炎症因子的含量,调节阴道免疫力。对于阴道黏膜屏障加强与修复,目前已申请专利主要涉及中药提取物和抗氧化酶成分(CN114010589A、CN109395069A),通过抗菌抗氧化作用对阴道微生态进行调节。同时已有报道重要成分组合物能够进行阴道黏膜屏障修复与缓解细菌性阴道炎(CN110101655A、CN115708858A)。然而,未有报道采用阴道源阴道优势益生菌成分抑制致病菌,同时修复阴道损伤和黏膜屏障。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一株能够调节阴道屏障功能辅助缓解阴道炎症的发酵粘液乳杆菌及其后生元,目的在于解决现有技术中缺乏针对调节阴道屏障功能的研究,并且能辅助缓解阴道炎症的发酵粘液乳杆菌及其后生元的技术问题。
本发明提供了一株发酵粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1338,所述发酵粘液乳杆菌,于2023年9月12日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCCNo:63794。所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338分离自健康女性阴道分泌物。
本发明还提供了含有所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338的微生物制剂。
在一种实施方式中,所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在所述微生物制剂中的含量均不低于1×106CFU/mL或1×106CFU/g。
本发明还提供了应用所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338制备的后生元。
在一种实施方式中,所述后生元的制备方法为:将发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338培养一段时间,将获得的菌液热处理灭活后,离心,收集沉淀物,得到后生元。
本发明还提供含有所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338和/或其后生元的产品。
在一种实施方式中,所述产品为食品、药品或卫生用品。
在一种实施方式中,所述药品包含所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338,以及药学上允许的载体。
在一种实施方式中,所述载体包括医学上通常使用的填充剂、粘合剂、湿润剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、矫味剂中的一种或多种。
在一种实施方式中,所述药品的剂型包括颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、栓剂或口服液。
在一种实施方式中,所述药品包括经口有肠溶衣的片剂和胶囊、口服液;阴道用栓剂、片剂、明胶胶囊、喷雾剂、乳膏、凝胶。
在一种实施方式中,所述卫生用品包括卫生湿纸巾、卫生巾、卫生护垫、卫生栓、卫生棉、阴道洗液、女士抗菌/抑菌洗剂。
在一种实施方式中,所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在所述产品中的含量均不低于1×106CFU/mL或1×106CFU/g。
本发明还提供所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338和/或其后生元在制备调节阴道屏障功能辅助缓解阴道炎症的药物或保健品中的应用。
在一种实施方式中,所述调节阴道屏障功能包括:减少VK2/E6E7细胞单层屏障FITC标记葡聚糖(FD-4)渗透率,降低阴道上皮屏障细胞通透性,降低小鼠阴道屏障可溶性钙粘蛋白E(sECAD)的分泌和/或提高紧密连接蛋白CLDN1的表达。
在一种实施方式中,所述药物含有所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338的活细胞和/或失活的细胞。
在一种实施方式中,所述药物还含有药学上允许的载体。
在一种实施方式中,所述载体包括医学上通常使用的填充剂、粘合剂、湿润剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、矫味剂中的一种或多种。
在一种实施方式中,所述药品的剂型包括颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、栓剂或口服液。
在一种实施方式中,所述药品包括经口有肠溶衣的片剂和胶囊、口服液;阴道用栓剂、片剂、明胶胶囊、喷雾剂、乳膏、凝胶。
本发明还提供所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在制备调节阴道屏障功能,缓解阴道炎症的药物中的应用。
在一种实施方式中,所述缓解阴道炎症的作用包括降低阴道炎小鼠唾液酸酐酶(SA)的含量和炎症因子TNF-α分泌。
本发明还提供所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在制备发酵食品中的应用。
有益效果:本发明提供一株发酵粘液乳杆菌(Lactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1338,分离自健康女性阴道分泌物,其具有调节阴道屏障功能,缓解阴道炎症的作用,具体体现在:
(1)减少VK2/E6E7细胞单层屏障FITC标记葡聚糖(FD-4)渗透率,降低阴道上皮屏障细胞通透性,修复阴道屏障;
(2)降低个体阴道屏障可溶性钙粘蛋白E(sECAD)的分泌,提高紧密连接蛋白CLDN1的表达;
(3)降低阴道加德纳菌在阴道中定植;
(4)降低阴道炎个体唾液酸苷酶(SA)的含量和炎症因子TNF-α分泌;
(5)改善小鼠阴道组织病理状况。
因此,该发酵粘液乳杆菌在调节阴道屏障、缓解阴道炎症的产品中,具有巨大的应用前景。
生物材料保藏
本发明所提供的发酵粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1338,分类命名为Limosilactobacillus fermentum,于2023年9月12日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:63794,保藏地址为广州市先烈中路100号大院59号楼5楼。
附图说明
图1:不同菌体裂解物对阴道上皮细胞(VK2/E6E7)单层屏障模型通透性的影响图。
图2:动物实验设计方案流程图。
图3:发酵粘液乳杆菌对小鼠阴道屏障可溶性钙黏蛋白E(sECAD)的分泌、紧密连接蛋白CLDN1的表达影响图。
图4:发酵粘液乳杆菌对小鼠阴道加德纳菌定植影响图。
图5:发酵粘液乳杆菌对小鼠唾液酸苷酶(SA)含量和炎症因子TNF-α分泌的影响图。
图6:小鼠阴道组织病理学评价图。
其中,各组与附图的对应关系如下:空白对照组(Control);模型组(Model);甲硝唑干预组(Metronidazole);DM8909活菌外用干预组(h-DM8909)、DM8909死菌外用干预组(s-DM8909);CCFM1338活菌外用干预组(h-CCFM1338)、CCFM1338死菌外用干预组(s-CCFM1338);FHNXY73M2活菌外用干预组(h-FHNXY73M2)。
图中不同小写字母表示各组之间具有显著性差异,p<0.05)
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本发明进一步详细说明。
下述实施例中涉及的培养基如下:
MRS培养基:酵母粉5.0g/L、牛肉膏10.0g/L、蛋白胨10.0g/L、葡萄糖20.0g/L、无水乙酸钠2.0g/L、柠檬酸氢二胺2.0g/L、磷酸氢二钾2.6g/L、一水合硫酸锰0.25g/L、七水合硫酸镁0.5g/L、吐温-80 1mL这几种成分,pH6.2~6.4。
BHI培养基:胰蛋白胨10.0g/L、牛心浸粉17.5g/L、氯化钠5.0g/L、葡萄糖3.0g/L、十二水合磷酸氢二钠2.5g/L、酵母粉10.0g/L、麦芽糖1.0g/L,pH7.2~7.4;待温度凉至55℃左右,添加10%无菌胎牛血清。
细胞完全培养基:89%(v/v)DMEM培养基+10%(v/v)胎牛血清+1%(v/v)100×青霉素和链霉素混合溶液(混合溶液中青霉素含量10000U/mL,链霉素浓度10mg/mL)。
无血清细胞培养基:99%(v/v)DMEM培养基+1%(v/v)100×青霉素和链霉素混合溶液(混合溶液中青霉素含量10000U/mL,链霉素浓度10mg/mL)。
下述实施例涉及的菌株、细胞和动物如下:
SPF级BALB/c小鼠,雌性,7周龄、体重18-20g,购于北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司(生产许可证号SCXK(京)2012-0001)。
发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1339、VJSWX301M14来自江南大学生物技术中心菌种库。德氏乳杆菌DM8909分离自“定君生”阴道用乳杆菌活菌胶囊。
阴道加德纳菌采用阴道加德纳菌ATCC 14018,购买于广东省微生物研究所菌种保藏中心GDMCC。人阴道上皮细胞VK2/E6E7由无锡市人民医院妇产科惠赠。
下述实施例中涉及的菌液如下所示:
乳杆菌菌液:将发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338、VJSWX301M14和德氏乳杆菌DM8909在MRS液体培养基中以2%接种量接种,于37℃培养箱培养24h后进行实验。用于动物实验时,乳杆菌于37℃培养24h至菌浓达到1×109CFU/mL,离心收集菌体并冻干,用PBS重悬至离心前培养液体积的1%。
乳杆菌后生元:将所述乳杆菌菌液在105℃热处理10min,离心,收集沉淀物作为后生元。
菌体裂解液:将所述乳杆菌菌液于高压均质机中均质(800~1200MPa)10次后,用0.22μm滤膜过滤,收集滤液获得菌体裂解液。
阴道加德纳菌悬液:将阴道加德纳菌株ATCC 14018在BHI培养基中在37℃,培养24h,离心收集菌体用PBS重悬至浓度为1×1010CFU/mL。
实施例1发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338分离和鉴定
采集健康女性阴道拭子样本,放在装有1mL无菌生理盐水的EP管中。吸取0.2mL于1.8mL无菌生理盐水中,获得10-1稀释液,再吸取0.5mL 10-1稀释液于4.5mL生理盐水中,得到10-2稀释液,按此操作,依次得到10-3、10-4、10-5、10-6梯度稀释液。取10-4、10-5、10-6稀释液各1mL于平皿中,倒入MRS固体培养基,轻轻混匀,待培养基凝固后,于37℃倒置培养48h。
选择不同形态的菌落于MRS平板上进行划线纯化,挑取纯化的单菌落接种至10mL液体培养基中,37℃培养48h。取1.5mL培养好的菌液,于6000r/min离心3min,弃上清,加入1.5mL无菌水清洗3次后,重悬于1.5mL无菌水中,用作菌种鉴定的模板。设置体积为20μL的PCR体系,其中加入0.5μL正向引物(10μM)、0.5μL反向引物(10μM)、10μL2×Taq Mixture、0.5μL菌悬液、8.5μL双蒸水。引物信息见表1。
表1:引物信息表
经测序,扩增获得的16S rDNA序列信息为:CTATACATGCAAGTCGAACGCGTTGGCCCAATTGATTGATGGTGCTTGCACCTGATTGATTTTGGTCGCCAACGAGTGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAACACGTAGGTAACCTGCCCAGAAGCGGGGGACAACATTTGGAAACAGATGCTAATACCGCATAACAGCGTTGTTCGCATGAACAACGCTTAAAAGATGGCTTCTCGCTATCACTTCTGGATGGACCTGCGGTGCATTAGCTTGTTGGTGGGGTAACGGCCTACCAAGGCGATGATGCATAGCCGAGTTGAGAGACTGATCGGCCACAATGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCATACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTAGGGAATCTTCCACAATGGGCGCAAGCCTGATGGAGCAACACCGCGTGAGTGAAGAAGGGTTTCGGCTCGTAAAGCTCTGTTGTTAAAGAAGAACACGTATGAGAGTAACTGTTCATACGTTGACGGTATTTAACCAGAAAGTCACGGCTAACTACGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGTAGGTGGCAAGCGTTATCCGGATTTATTGGGCGTAAAGAGAGTGCAGGCGGTTTTCTAAGTCTGATGTGAAAGCCTTCGGCTTAACCGGAGAAGTGCATCGGAAACTGGATAACTTGAGTGCAGAAGAGGGTAGTGGAACTCCATGTGTAGCGGTGGAATGCGTAGATATATGGAAGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGGCTACCTGGTCTGCAACTGACGCTGAGACTCGAAAGCATGGGTAGCGAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCATGCCGTAAACGATGAGTGCTAGGTGTTGGAGGGTTTCCGCCCTTCAGTGCCGGAGCTAACGCATTAAGCACTCCGCCTGGGGAGTACGACCGCAAGGTTGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAAGCTACGCGAAGAACCTTACCAGGTCTTGACATCTTGCGCCAACCCTAGAGATAGGGCGTTTCCTTCGGGAACGCAATGACAGGTGGTGCATGGTCGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTGTTACTAGTTGCCAGCATTAAGTTGGGCACTCTAGTGAGACTGCCGGTGACAAACCGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAGATCATCATGCCCCTTATGACCTGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGACGGTACAACGAGTCGCGAACTCGCGAGGGCAAGCAAATCTCTTAAAACCGTTCTCAGTTCGGACTGCAGGCTGCAACTCGCCTGCACGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCGGATCAGCATGCCGCGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGAGAGTTTGTAACACCCAAAGTCGGTGGGGTAACCTTTTAGGAGCCAGCCGCTAAG。
将得到的16S rDNA序列通过NCBI的BLAST(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST)进行种属确认。Query Cover和Identification越接近100%越可行,如果比对结果中有多个种属,在兼顾数值的情况下,优先认定为标注Complete genome种属。鉴定无误的菌种,取1.5mL菌液至2mL菌种保藏管中,6000r/min离心3min后,于超净台中去除上清,加入1mL 30%无菌甘油,用旋涡振荡器充分混匀后,保存于-80℃冰箱。
实施例2乳杆菌体外调节细胞单层屏障通透性的能力
为建立人阴道上皮细胞(VK2/E6E7)单层屏障模型,先用预冷的PBS溶液润湿Transwell细胞培养板的上室,之后将复苏的细胞以1×104个细胞数/孔的密度接种于Transwell板的上室中,使用无血清培养基培养24h后,更换为完全培养基继续培养18~21天。设置不加细胞的孔作为空白对照。
培养21天后,测定细胞的跨膜电阻,如达到稳定状态则认为其形成了致密的单层,可用于表征阴道上皮细胞单层屏障的完整性。使用上皮跨膜电阻仪对电阻进行测量,细胞电阻仪电极垂直于单层细胞,两极分别在细胞的滤膜顶侧(apical,AP)和基底侧(basolateral side,BL),长极在外,短极在内(轻放轻取,勿刮伤细胞)。每孔测三次取均值,记录为实测TEER。未接种细胞的小室测得的电阻值为空白TEER,则细胞单层TEER=(实测TEER-空白TEER)×有效膜面积,单位用Ω·cm2表示。
通过荧光黄(FITC标记葡聚糖,FD-4)标志物渗漏检查实验评定VK2/E6E7细胞的单层通透性。测完TEER值之后,先弃去DMEM培养液,以预热至37℃的PBS清洗AP及BL室3次,在BL中加入预热至37℃的PBS溶液0.6mL,在AP中加入100μL浓度为100μg/mL的FD-4溶液,于37℃、5%CO2培养箱内孵育(以上含有FD-4的步骤均避光操作)1小时。取AP和BL侧液体,用酶标仪以激发光波长480nm、发射光波长520nm测定荧光强度。使用不同浓度的FD-4制作标准曲线,根据标准曲线计算样本中荧光黄浓度。
整个实验包括对照组、模型组及处理组。其中,对照组加入含有5%MRS的无血清培养液,培养48h;模型组先添加终浓度为25μg/mL的脂多糖(LPS)共孵育24h,接着加入含有5%MRS的无血清培养基,继续孵育24h;处理组先添加LPS与细胞共孵育24h,然后分别加入含有德氏乳杆菌DM8909、发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338和发酵粘液乳杆菌VJSWX301M14菌体裂解物(5%,v/v)的培养基孵育24h。所有干预均加至Transwell小室AP侧,在BL侧给予1.5mL细胞培养液。实验结束后进行细胞跨膜电阻值的检测以及细胞通透性的测定。
表2:分组信息表
阴道上皮细胞单层屏障FD-4透过率如图1所示,空白对照组FD-4透过率为1.22%,模型组为4.57%,透过率显著上升(p<0.05),说明LPS处理之后细胞单层屏障通透性增大。德氏乳杆菌DM8909菌体裂解液处理组FD-4的透过率为3.09%,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338为1.66%,与德氏乳杆菌DM8909存在显著性差异(p<0.05),能明显降低FD-4的透过。发酵粘液乳杆菌VJSWX301M14菌体裂解液处理组FD-4透过率为4.07%,与模型组无明显差异,不能降低细胞通透性,抑制FD-4透过。
综上所述,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在体外能够通过降低阴道上皮细胞单层屏障通透性,调节阴道上皮屏障功能,抑制外毒素等抗原的渗透。
实施例3发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在缓解小鼠阴道炎症中的应用
实验动物及菌株:
SPF级BALB/c小鼠,雌性,7周龄、体重18-20g,购于北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司(生产许可证号SCXK(京)2012-0001)。
图2为动物实验流程图,实验分组如表3所示。
表3:动物实验方案和分组
根据体重随机将小鼠分成8组,参照表3,所有组小鼠整个实验过程中正常饲养。模型组和干预组都需经历连续5天(3-7天)的阴道加德纳菌的侵染(侵染的具体操作手法为用枪头吸取阴道加德纳菌的菌悬液20μL,缓缓注入小鼠阴道内,将小鼠倒立,停留1-2分钟,放入笼中)。益生菌干预组分别再用德氏乳杆菌DM8909、发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338、连续干预12天(第8~19天)。所有干预的具体操作手法为,用枪头吸收相应菌悬液20μL(死菌组菌液浓度与活菌相同,采用105℃、10分钟高压蒸汽灭活,通过平板涂布检查灭活效果),缓缓注入小鼠阴道内,将小鼠倒立,停留1-2分钟,放入笼中。实验周期为19天(第0~18天)。在干预结束(第19天)用枪头每次吸取50μL磷酸缓冲溶液对小鼠阴道吹吸进行取样,最终采集300μL阴道灌洗液,用于后续分析小鼠阴道中阴道加德纳菌定植情况。同时,在第20天,对所有实验小鼠进行处死并剥离阴道组织用于后续实验组织病理学分析,检测阴道组织中可溶性钙黏蛋白E(sECAD)和紧密连接蛋白CLDN1含量、阴道加德纳菌阴道定植情况以及唾液酸苷酶(SA)和炎症因子TNF-α含量。
测定方法:实验结束时,处死小鼠并切除阴道。一部分阴道组织用于组织病理学检查。另外一部分组织用预冷的PBS对阴道组织进行匀浆处理。在4℃下,以12000r/min对样品离心15min,取阴道组织上清液按试剂盒说明书进行sECAD与CLDN1、SA、TNF-α浓度测定(南京森贝伽生物科技有限公司)。
定植检测:采样方式为用枪头吸取一定量磷酸缓冲溶液来回吹吸小鼠阴道获取300μL阴道灌洗液样本,用qPCR方式对阴道加德纳菌计数。整个实验周期为17天,取样定植检验是在干预结束后(第19天)对阴道加德纳菌载量进行定量。首先,根据制造商的说明,使用土壤快速DNA旋转试剂盒和QIAQuick Gel提取试剂盒提取阴道灌洗液中的DNA。随后,使用qPCR对阴道加德纳菌进行了定量检测。根据细菌16S rRNA序列选择引物。反应混合物(10μL)包括5μL的2×ChamQ Universal SYBR qPCR Master Mix,1μL的模板DNA(10ng/μL),0.5μL的正反向引物(各10μM)和3μL的双蒸水。热循环条件为:初始变性95℃,30s;随后95℃,5s和60℃,30s,此条件循环40次。另一个步骤,95℃,10s,从65℃增加到95℃,每5s增加0.5℃,以建立熔解曲线。确定阈值周期值(CT),并根据标准曲线(Log copies/μL与CT值)计算拷贝数。每个样本进行一式三份的检查。
表4:引物信息表
组织病理观察:阴道组织用4%多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋,切片成5mm厚切片,苏木精伊红染色(H&E)。阴道组织样本在病理切片扫描仪(Panoramic MIDI,3DHistech Ltd,Budapest,Hungary)下放大20倍进行观察。
实验结果:
(1)小鼠阴道组织可溶性钙粘蛋白E(sECAD)的含量,紧密连接蛋白CLDN1的表达情况
钙粘蛋白E是上皮细胞上粘附连接复合体的一员,钙粘蛋白E的释放是上皮屏障内细胞间粘附减少的标志。
阴道组织上皮细胞可溶性钙粘蛋白E(sECAD)分泌水平如图3(A)所示。与空白对照组sECAD的分泌量(77.59pg/mL)相比,模型组分泌量显著上升(p<0.05),为101.45pg/mL。德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组外用干预sECAD分泌量分别为82.90pg/mL和86.15pg/mL,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338活菌组和死菌组外用干预为79.55pg/mL,79.38pg/mL,接近空白组水平;甲硝唑组为96.56pg/mL。卷曲乳杆菌FHNXY73M2活菌外用组为85.36pg/mL,显著高于发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338活菌组和死菌组(p<0.05),与德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组无显著性差异。
如图3(B)所示,模型组CLDN1蛋白表达量为278.83pg/mL,相比于空白对照组442.33pg/mL,显著降低(p<0.05),说明阴道加德纳菌感染导致阴道黏膜屏障炎症,引起联级反应,屏障受损,细胞紧密连接表达下降。甲硝唑治疗组为397.67pg/mL、德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组外用干预CLDN1蛋白表达量为385.08pg/mL和374.25pg/mL,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338活菌组和死菌组外用干预为373.75pg/mL和445.83pg/mL,死菌组效果优于德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组,达到空白对照组水平。
综上所述,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338能够通过降低黏膜屏障破坏生物标志物分泌,提高紧密连接蛋白CLDN1的表达,在动物层面调节阴道屏障功能。
(2)小鼠阴道加德纳菌定植情况
对第19天阴道灌洗液中阴道加德纳菌进行定量检测,结果如图4所示,模型组的阴道加德纳菌载量为9.93lg拷贝数/μL,空白对照组没有进行阴道加德纳菌干预。在第19天的时候,甲硝唑组为7.36lg拷贝数/μL(p<0.05),对于阴道加德纳菌具有较好的抑制效果。德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组外用干预为8.56lg拷贝数/μL和9.06lg拷贝数/μL,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338活菌组和死菌组外用干预为7.52lg拷贝数/μL和7.82lg拷贝数/μL,活菌组效果比死菌组好,效果优于德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组,但是差异不显著。卷曲乳杆菌FHNXY73M2活菌外用组阴道加德纳菌载量为9.46lg拷贝数/μL,并没有显著抑制阴道加德纳菌在体内的定植。
综上所述,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338能够抑制阴道加德纳菌生长,活菌组优于死菌组,可能通过在体内的竞争黏附作用、营养物质利用等因素加强作用。
(3)小鼠阴道组织唾液酸苷酶(SA)的含量和炎症因子TNF-α分泌情况
阴道灌洗液中唾液酸苷酶活性水平结果如图5(A)所示,模型组唾液酸苷酶活性水平为70.49ng/L,甲硝唑组为52.78ng/L,显著降低(p<0.05)。德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组外用干预为60.27ng/L和56.02ng/L。卷曲乳杆菌FHNXY73M2活菌外用组唾液酸苷酶活性水平为61.89ng/L。发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338活菌组和死菌组外用干预为53.99ng/L和55.31ng/L,均低于德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组,与模型组相比下降效果明显(p<0.05)。
TNF-α的大量分泌破坏阴道上皮屏障,加速外毒素的进入。对阴道组织TNF-α的检测结果如图5(B)所示,与空白对照组炎症因子TNF-α分泌量(406.84ng/L)相比,模型组TNF-α的分泌显著增高(p<0.05),为743.78ng/L。甲硝唑处理组炎症因子TNF-α分泌量为495.45ng/L,德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组外用干预为466.16ng/L和454.04ng/L,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338活菌组和死菌组外用干预,为405.70ng/L和483.87ng/L,活菌组效果明显优于德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组,说明活菌组抗炎能力优于德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组。而卷曲乳杆菌FHNXY73M2活菌外用组TNF-α分泌量为588.76ng/L,高于德氏乳杆菌DM8909和发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338,几乎没有抗炎功能。
综上所述,发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338能够通过降低唾液酸苷酶活性水平和阴道组织炎症因子分泌,辅助缓解由阴道加德纳菌引起的阴道感染。
(4)小鼠阴道组织病理学分析
通过对小鼠阴道组织进行HE染色,可以有效评估各组别小鼠阴道屏障的完整性以及炎症情况。
如图6所示,空白对照组小鼠阴道黏膜结构完整,表层有一定量的角化层,模型组小鼠阴道黏膜表面角化层消失,鳞状上皮细胞有增生,黏膜内有大量炎症细胞浸润;经德氏乳杆菌DM8909活菌组和死菌组、发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338活菌组和死菌组干预后,上皮层逐渐修复,炎症浸润显著减少,黏膜表面出现一定量的角化层。卷曲乳杆菌FHNXY73M2对阴道受损屏障恢复能力较弱,较模型组相比,炎症细胞不同程度地浸润于黏膜上皮层中,黏膜固有层结构较为松散且伴有炎症细胞浸润。发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338说明可以有效促进小鼠阴道黏膜的恢复,减轻小鼠阴道组织的炎症症状,改善小鼠受损阴道结构。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (10)
1.一株发酵粘液乳杆菌(Limosilactobacillus fermentum)CCFM1338,于2023年9月12日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心,保藏编号为GDMCC No:63794。
2.含有权利要求1所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338的微生物制剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的微生物制剂,其特征在于,所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在所述微生物制剂中的含量不低于1×106CFU/mL或1×106CFU/g。
4.应用权利要求1所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338制备的后生元。
5.含有权利要求1所述发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338和/或其后生元的产品。
6.根据权利要求5所述的产品,其特征在于,所述产品为食品、药品或卫生用品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的产品,其特征在于,所述产品为卫生用品,包括卫生湿纸巾、卫生巾、卫生护垫、卫生栓、卫生棉、阴道洗液或女士抗菌/抑菌洗剂。
8.权利要求1所述的发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338和/或其后生元在制备调节阴道屏障功能的产品中的应用,其特征在于,所述产品包括药物、保健品或卫生用品;所述调节阴道屏障功能包括(a)、(b)中的至少一种:
(a)降低阴道上皮屏障细胞通透性;
(b)降低阴道屏障可溶性钙粘蛋白E的分泌和/或提高紧密连接蛋白CLDN1的表达。
9.权利要求1所述的发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338和/或其后生元在制备缓解阴道炎症的药物中的应用。
10.权利要求1所述的发酵粘液乳杆菌CCFM1338在制备发酵食品中的应用。
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