CN117798271A - Multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for titanium alloy plate - Google Patents
Multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for titanium alloy plate Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of titanium alloy plate stamping, and provides a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for a titanium alloy plate, wherein the multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for the titanium alloy plate comprises an upper die, a lower die and a heating device; the upper die comprises an upper die plate, and a female die is arranged at the bottom of the upper die plate; the lower die comprises a lower die plate, a male die and a blank holder are arranged at the top of the lower die plate, and the blank holder is connected with the lower die plate through a plurality of first springs; the heating device comprises supporting components and a power supply, wherein the supporting components are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the blank holder and used for fixing two sides of a titanium alloy plate, an electrode is arranged on each of the two groups of supporting components, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply are respectively connected with one electrode. The method simplifies the processing process flow, and the formed part has high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality, and effectively improves the stability and service life of the part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy plate stamping, and particularly relates to a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for a titanium alloy plate.
Background
Because titanium alloy has advantages such as high specific strength and corrosion resistance, therefore titanium alloy parts are valued in the aviation and aerospace fields, and have important significance in the light weight research of vehicles. Because of the high strength and high spring back of titanium alloy sheet at room temperature, it is difficult to perform plastic working on the titanium alloy sheet. Thus, the great demand for titanium alloy parts has led to a shift in the field of hot working of titanium alloys. Titanium alloys perform well in processes such as superplastic forming, creep forming, and additive manufacturing, but these processes are costly, energy consuming and inefficient. The cold die hot stamping forming process of the titanium alloy has the characteristics of short production period, high processing efficiency and low manufacturing cost, and is a titanium alloy forming process with great advantages.
The traditional cold die hot stamping forming process of the titanium alloy is to heat the titanium alloy plate material to a target temperature in a heating furnace, take out and rapidly transfer the titanium alloy plate material to a room temperature die, and then stamp the titanium alloy plate material. A large amount of energy is lost in the transfer process, the initial temperature of the stamping forming of the titanium alloy plate is low, and the formed part is high in rebound and easy to crack. In the stamping process, as the pressure applied by the die to the titanium alloy plate is increased, the heat transfer coefficient of the titanium alloy plate and the die is increased, so that the cooling speed of the part of the titanium alloy plate subjected to the pressure of the die is too high, and a part with a larger depth is difficult to stamp and form.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for a titanium alloy plate, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for the titanium alloy plate comprises an upper die, a lower die and a heating device;
the upper die comprises an upper die plate connected with the press, and a female die is arranged at the bottom of the upper die plate;
the lower die comprises a lower die plate, a male die and a blank holder are arranged at the top of the lower die plate, and the blank holder is connected with the lower die plate through a plurality of first springs;
the heating device comprises supporting components and a power supply, wherein the supporting components are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the blank holder and used for fixing two sides of a titanium alloy plate, an electrode is arranged on each of the two groups of supporting components, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply are respectively connected with one electrode.
Further technical scheme, the supporting component includes slide bar and second spring, slide bar is along vertical direction slidable mounting in the both sides of blank holder, and the top of slide bar is provided with fixture, and the second spring sets up between fixture and blank holder.
According to the further technical scheme, in the stamping and forming process, the distance between the titanium alloy plate and the lower die plate is always not smaller than 20mm.
Another object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a multi-pass cold-die hot stamping forming method for a titanium alloy sheet, based on the above-mentioned multi-pass cold-die hot stamping forming device for a titanium alloy sheet, comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining single-pass forming quantity, and ensuring that the plate temperature and the thinning rate in each-pass forming process are within a safe range;
step 2: connecting the two electrodes with two ends of the titanium alloy plate respectively, turning on a power supply, and heating the titanium alloy plate;
step 3: after the temperature is stable, the power supply is disconnected, and the press is operated at the same time, so that the upper die is driven to move to one side close to the lower die, and the pass stamping and forming are completed;
step 4: repeating the step 2 and the step 3 until all stamping and forming processes are completed;
step 5: after the forming is completed, the mold is maintained in a closed state, the pressure is maintained for 1min to reduce rebound, and then the upper mold is slowly lifted.
In a further technical scheme, in the step 1, the stamping amount of a single pass is 40% of the total stroke.
In the further technical scheme, in the step 2, before the titanium alloy plate is connected with the electrode, a prepared lubricating and conductive coating is coated on the surface of the titanium alloy plate, and the contact part of the titanium alloy plate and the electrode is polished to make the contact with the electrode good.
In the step 2, the current density of the power supply is 10-20A/mm when the titanium alloy sheet is heated 2 So as to achieve the purpose of heating the plate to 800-850 ℃.
The multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for the titanium alloy plate provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method, the deformation process of the material is maintained at a higher temperature level by adding a stamping pass, the rebound is reduced, the deformation depth of hot stamping forming of the titanium alloy plate is greatly improved, the problems of small deformation, easiness in breakage and large rebound of the titanium alloy in the cold die hot stamping process are solved, the formed part is high in dimensional accuracy and good in surface quality, and the forming quality is far better than that of a part formed by a conventional cold die hot stamping process; the residual stress is released in a multi-pass forming mode, so that the problem of stress concentration and stress accumulation is solved, and the stability and the service life of the part are improved;
(2) According to the method, the self-resistance heating mode is used for heating the titanium alloy plate, compared with the traditional furnace heating mode, the heating time is shorter, and particularly on the premise that the titanium alloy plate needs to be repeatedly heated, the processing efficiency is greatly improved, and the processing technological process is simplified; the process of transferring the titanium alloy plate from the heating furnace to the die is omitted, and heat loss in the transferring process is avoided;
(3) The microstructure crystal grains of the formed part obtained by the method are uniform and fine, and the product has excellent mechanical properties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for a titanium alloy sheet material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for a titanium alloy plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming method for a titanium alloy sheet material provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of temperature change during multi-pass cold die hot stamping of titanium alloy sheet material.
In the accompanying drawings: an upper template 1; a female die 2; a blank holder 3; a male die 4; a lower die plate 5; a first spring 6; a power supply 7; an electrode 8; and a support assembly 9.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for a titanium alloy plate provided by an embodiment of the invention comprises an upper die, a lower die and a heating device;
the upper die comprises an upper die plate 1 connected with a press, and a female die 2 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die plate 1;
the lower die comprises a lower die plate 5, a male die 4 and a blank holder 3 are arranged at the top of the lower die plate 5, and the blank holder 3 and the lower die plate 5 are connected with each other through a plurality of first springs 6;
the heating device comprises a supporting component 9 and a power supply 7, wherein the supporting components are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the blank holder 3 and used for fixing two sides of a titanium alloy plate, an electrode 8 is arranged on each of the two groups of supporting components, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply 7 are respectively connected with the electrode 8.
In the embodiment of the invention, the supporting component 9 comprises a sliding rod and a second spring, the sliding rod is slidably arranged on two sides of the blank holder 3 along the vertical direction, the top of the sliding rod is provided with a clamping mechanism, the second spring is arranged between the clamping mechanism and the blank holder 3, the two electrodes 8 are fixed with two ends of a titanium alloy plate by using the clamping mechanism in the prior art, and after the clamping mechanism of the fixed end is stressed, the sliding rod can be pushed to move downwards and synchronously compress the second spring; when the external force applied to the clamping mechanism is removed, the clamping mechanism can be restored to the initial position under the action of the elastic force of the second spring, and at the same time, the titanium alloy plate is required to be always at least 20mm higher than the lower die plate 5 in the heating process. After the power is off, under the pressure action of the female die 2, the titanium alloy plate material slides downwards to be in contact with the blank holder 3, and the forming of the titanium alloy plate material is completed.
In the heating and forming process of the titanium alloy plate, an infrared thermal imager is used for detecting the temperature of the titanium alloy plate. Before deformation, two ends of the titanium alloy plate are respectively connected with two electrodes 8, a direct current power supply is turned on, the current is determined according to the temperature of the titanium alloy plate, and the 1 self-resistance heating temperature of the titanium alloy plate is 800-850 ℃.
In actual operation, first, the single pass stamping amount is determined. The power supply 7 is turned on, the press is started after the titanium alloy plate is heated to the target temperature and is stable, the upper die is driven to move downwards integrally, meanwhile, the temperature change of the titanium alloy plate is monitored through the infrared thermal imager, the temperature of the titanium alloy plate is monitored through the infrared thermal imager in the process of stamping and forming an experimental part, meanwhile, the stamping stroke of the female die 2 is monitored, and when the temperature is reduced to 500 ℃, the pressing quantity of the female die 2 is taken as the single-pass forming quantity. According to the thermal imager record, when the temperature of the titanium alloy sheet is reduced to 500 ℃, the die 2 has completed 40% of the total punching stroke, so 40% of the total stroke is set as the single-pass punching amount.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, a multi-pass cold-die hot stamping forming method for a titanium alloy sheet according to another embodiment of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned multi-pass cold-die hot stamping forming device for a titanium alloy sheet, and includes the following steps:
step 1: determining single-pass forming quantity, and ensuring that the plate temperature and the thinning rate in each-pass forming process are within a safe range;
step 2: two electrodes 8 are respectively connected with two ends of the titanium alloy plate, a power supply 7 is turned on, and the titanium alloy plate is heated;
step 3: after the temperature is stable, the power supply is disconnected, and the press is operated at the same time, so that the upper die is driven to move to one side close to the lower die, and the pass stamping and forming are completed;
step 4: repeating the step 2 and the step 3 until all stamping and forming processes are completed;
step 5: after the forming is completed, the mold is maintained in a closed state, the pressure is maintained for 1min to reduce rebound, and then the upper mold is slowly lifted.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the step 2, the current density of the power supply when heating the titanium alloy sheet is 10-20A/mm 2 。
The method and apparatus of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following three examples.
Embodiment 1, a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming method of a titanium alloy plate comprises the following steps:
step 1: cutting a TC4 (one of titanium alloys) plate material with the thickness of 2mm into the shape shown in figure 1, coating a prepared lubricating and conductive coating on the surface of the TC4 plate material, polishing the contact part of the TC4 plate material and the electrode 8 to ensure that the contact part is well contacted with the electrode 8;
step 2: placing TC4 plates on a heating device, turning on a power supply 7, and heating the TC4 plates to 800 ℃; adjusting a press limit column, and controlling the stamping stroke of the pass to be 40% of the total stroke;
step 3: after the temperature is stable, the power supply 7 is disconnected, and the female die 4 is lowered at the speed of 30mm/s, so that the stamping stroke of the pass is completed;
step 4: the die 4 was lifted at a speed of 5-10mm/s, and the power supply 7 was turned on (current density 10A/mm 2 ) Heating the TC4 plate again, and heating the TC4 plate to 800 ℃; adjusting a press limit column, and completing all stamping strokes in the pass;
step 5: after the temperature is stable, the power supply 7 is disconnected, and the female die 4 is lowered at the speed of 30mm/s, so that all stamping forming is completed;
step 6: maintaining the mold closed state for 1min to reduce rebound, and finally slowly lifting the female mold 2 at a speed lower than 5 mm/s.
In the embodiment of the invention, the obtained TC4 box-shaped part is taken out and cut, the dimensional accuracy of the TC4 box-shaped part is accurately measured, and the thinnest part of the TC4 box-shaped part obtained by the embodiment is 16.3mm, and the thinning rate reaches 18.5%. After the flange portion was cut, the side wall of the TC4 box-shaped part had a rebound angle of 0.6 °.
Embodiment 2, a multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming method of a titanium alloy plate, comprises the following steps:
step 1: cutting a TC4 plate material with the thickness of 2mm into the shape shown in the figure 1, coating a modulated lubricating and conductive coating on the surface of the TC4 plate material, polishing the contact part of the TC4 plate material and the electrode 8, and enabling the contact part to be well contacted with the electrode 8;
step 2: TC4 plates were placed on a heating apparatus, and the power supply 7 was turned on (current density 10A/mm 2 ) Heating TC4 plate to 800 ℃; adjusting a press limit column, and controlling the stamping stroke of the pass to be 40% of the total stroke;
step 3: after the temperature is stable, the power supply 7 is disconnected, and the female die 2 is lowered at the speed of 30mm/s, so that the stamping stroke of the pass is completed;
step 4: lifting the female die 2 at the speed of 5-10mm/s, turning on a power supply 7 to heat the TC4 plate, and heating the TC4 plate to 800 ℃; adjusting a press limit column, and controlling the stamping stroke of the pass to be 80% of the whole stroke;
step 5: after the temperature is stable, the power supply 7 is disconnected, and the female die 2 is lowered at the speed of 30mm/s, so that the stamping stroke of the pass is completed;
step 6: lifting the female die 2 at the speed of 5-10mm/s, coating a lubricating and conductive coating on the TC4 plate again, placing the plate on a heating device after the treatment is finished, turning on a power supply 7 for heating, and heating the TC4 plate to 800 ℃; adjusting a press limit column, and completing all stamping strokes in the pass;
step 7: after the temperature is stable, the power supply is disconnected, and the female die 2 is lowered at the speed of 30mm/s, so that all stamping forming is completed;
step 8: maintaining the mold closed state for 1min to reduce rebound, and finally slowly lifting the female mold 2 at a speed lower than 5 mm/s.
In the embodiment of the invention, the obtained TC4 box-shaped part is taken out and cut, the dimensional accuracy of the TC4 box-shaped part is accurately measured, the thinnest part of the titanium alloy box-shaped part obtained through the embodiment is found to be 16.9mm, the maximum thinning rate is only 15.5%, after the flange part is cut off, the rebound angle of the side wall of the box-shaped part reaches 0.4 degrees, and the forming quality of the part is greatly improved.
Example 3 this example differs from the above examples in that the current density is varied from 10A/mm 2 Up to 12A/mm 2 By properly increasing the current density, the heating temperature is still in the range of 800-850 ℃, but the heating time is significantly shortened.
In the embodiment of the invention, the thinnest part of the TC4 box-shaped part obtained through the embodiment is 16.7mm, the maximum thinning rate is only 16.5%, after the flange part is cut off, the rebound angle of the side wall of the TC4 box-shaped part reaches 0.36 degrees, the forming quality of the part is improved to a certain extent compared with the embodiment, and the current density which is as large as possible is selected in the condition allowable range in the self-resistance heating process.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for a titanium alloy plate is characterized by comprising an upper die, a lower die and a heating device;
the upper die comprises an upper die plate connected with the press, and a female die is arranged at the bottom of the upper die plate;
the lower die comprises a lower die plate, a male die and a blank holder are arranged at the top of the lower die plate, and the blank holder is connected with the lower die plate through a plurality of first springs;
the heating device comprises supporting components and a power supply, wherein the supporting components are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the blank holder and used for fixing two sides of a titanium alloy plate, the two groups of supporting components are respectively provided with an electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply are respectively connected with one electrode;
the stamping forming method of the multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for the titanium alloy plate comprises the following steps of:
step 1: determining single-pass forming quantity, and ensuring that the plate temperature and the thinning rate in each-pass forming process are within a safe range;
step 2: connecting the two electrodes with two ends of the titanium alloy plate respectively, turning on a power supply, and heating the titanium alloy plate;
step 3: after the temperature is stable, the power supply is disconnected, and the press is operated at the same time, so that the upper die is driven to move to one side close to the lower die, and the pass stamping and forming are completed;
step 4: repeating the step 2 and the step 3 until all stamping and forming processes are completed;
step 5: after the forming is completed, maintaining the closed state of the die, maintaining the pressure for 1min, and then slowly lifting the upper die.
2. The multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for the titanium alloy sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the supporting component comprises a sliding rod and a second spring, the sliding rod is slidably arranged on two sides of the blank holder along the vertical direction, a clamping mechanism is arranged at the top of the sliding rod, and the second spring is arranged between the clamping mechanism and the blank holder.
3. The multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device for the titanium alloy sheet material according to claim 2, wherein the distance between the titanium alloy sheet material and the lower die plate is always not smaller than 20mm in the stamping and forming process.
4. The multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming apparatus for titanium alloy sheet material according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the single pass stamping amount is 40% of the total stroke.
5. The multi-pass cold die hot stamping device for the titanium alloy sheet material according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, before the titanium alloy sheet material is connected with the electrode, a prepared lubricating and conductive coating is coated on the surface of the titanium alloy sheet material, and a contact part of the titanium alloy sheet material and the electrode is polished.
6. The multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming apparatus for titanium alloy sheet material as set forth in claim 4, wherein in said step 2, the power source is powered by the power source during heating of the titanium alloy sheet materialThe flow density is 10-20A/mm 2 。
7. The multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming apparatus for titanium alloy sheet material as set forth in claim 4, wherein in said step 3, the heating temperature of the titanium alloy sheet material is 800-850 ℃.
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| CN202410217768.8A CN117798271A (en) | 2024-02-28 | 2024-02-28 | Multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for titanium alloy plate |
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| CN202410217768.8A CN117798271A (en) | 2024-02-28 | 2024-02-28 | Multi-pass cold die hot stamping forming device and method for titanium alloy plate |
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-
2024
- 2024-02-28 CN CN202410217768.8A patent/CN117798271A/en active Pending
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