CN117779075A - Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device - Google Patents
Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117779075A CN117779075A CN202410109190.4A CN202410109190A CN117779075A CN 117779075 A CN117779075 A CN 117779075A CN 202410109190 A CN202410109190 A CN 202410109190A CN 117779075 A CN117779075 A CN 117779075A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 215
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 167
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device which relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and comprises an anode current collecting plate, a cathode current collecting plate, a metal bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate and the cathode current collecting plate; water enters the anode current collecting plate or/and the cathode current collecting plate from the public water inlet, oxygen is generated by reaction between the anode current collecting plate and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate, hydrogen is generated by reaction between the cathode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the oxygen and the hydrogen are respectively discharged from the corresponding public water outlet. The invention controls the fluid characteristics of the cathode and anode stages by the design of the anode shunt support sheet, the anode confluence sheet, the cathode shunt sheet and the cathode confluence sheet, and solves the problems of difficult control of fluid in an active area, inconsistent reaction efficiency and insufficient support of sealing materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, in particular to a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device.
Background
The hydrogen production by water electrolysis takes water as a reactant, and direct current is applied to the cathode and anode stages of the electrolysis device to produce hydrogen and oxygen, so that the device is simple, the purity of the produced hydrogen is high, and the method can be popularized and used in large-scale technology. The water electrolysis device mainly can be in structural design: the device comprises a spacing type water electrolysis hydrogen production device and a zero spacing type water electrolysis hydrogen production device. The zero-spacing type water electrolysis hydrogen production device has the characteristics of high current density, high efficiency, high corresponding speed and the like, can be well matched with renewable energy sources (such as wind energy and solar energy), can operate under high pressure of 3-5MPa due to compact structure, and effectively simplifies the compression and storage processes of hydrogen.
Zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production devices often contain multiple hydrogen production units, each consisting essentially of a membrane electrode, a diffusion layer, a plate, and a sealing material. The membrane electrode is used as a core component of the reaction and consists of an anode catalytic layer, a hydroxide ion exchange membrane and a cathode catalytic layer. The anion exchange membrane is a solid electrolyte, and can effectively isolate the gas generated by the cathode and anode. In a conventional AEM water electrolysis hydrogen plant, pure water or lye is passed into a cathode sealed chamber. Under the action of a cathode catalyst, water combines with electrons and is decomposed into hydrogen and hydroxide ions; after passing through the exchange membrane, the hydroxide ions are decomposed into oxygen, water and electrons under the action of the anode catalyst. However, because of the slower transport rate of hydroxide ions in the anion exchange membrane, the manner of introducing water only at the cathode limits the rate of reaction and increases the complexity of purification of the cathode gas.
In addition, the current zero-spacing AEM electrolytic water hydrogen plant reaction zone can adopt a runner or directly form an electrolytic water flow path by using a metal net. The use of the metal mesh easily causes randomness and uncontrollability of the electrolytic water flowing in the anode cavity, so that the reaction efficiency of each area in the reaction area is inconsistent, and the service life of the membrane electrode is further damaged. The zero-spacing AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device is designed by using a runner in an active area, which is not enough to completely solve the problems of randomness and uncontrollability of electrolytic water flowing in an anode cavity. In addition, the flow channel design does not provide adequate support for the sealing material due to the discontinuous flat surface (serrated cross section) at the top thereof, thus risking seal failure under high pressure operating conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which adopts an operation mode of introducing water into an anode or introducing raw water (pure water or alkali liquor) into both the anode and the cathode, and further controls the fluid characteristics of both the anode and the cathode through the design of an anode shunt supporting sheet, an anode converging sheet, a cathode shunt sheet and a cathode converging sheet, thereby solving the problems of difficult control of fluid in an active area, inconsistent reaction efficiency and insufficient support of sealing materials.
The invention provides a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which comprises an anode current collecting plate, a cathode current collecting plate, a metal bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate and the cathode current collecting plate;
water enters the anode current collecting plate or/and the cathode current collecting plate from the public water inlet, oxygen is generated by reaction between the anode current collecting plate and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate, hydrogen is generated by reaction between the cathode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the oxygen and the hydrogen are respectively discharged from the corresponding public water outlet.
Preferably, an anode sealing flow distribution supporting sheet and an anode sealing flow collection supporting sheet are arranged on the anode flow collecting plate, two sides of the anode flow collecting plate are respectively connected with an anode sealing strip, and an anode sealing cavity is formed by the anode flow collecting plate, the anode sealing flow distribution supporting sheet, the anode sealing flow collection supporting sheet, the anode sealing strips and the membrane electrode;
the cathode current collecting plate is provided with a cathode sealing shunt supporting plate and a cathode sealing confluence supporting plate, two ends of the cathode current collecting plate are respectively connected with a cathode sealing strip, and the cathode current collecting plate, the cathode sealing shunt supporting plate, the cathode sealing confluence supporting plate, the cathode sealing strips and the membrane electrode form a cathode sealing cavity;
the anode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with an anode sealing shunt supporting sheet and an anode sealing confluence supporting sheet, the anode side of the metal bipolar plate is connected with an anode sealing strip, and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate, the anode sealing shunt supporting sheet, the anode sealing confluence supporting sheet, the anode sealing strip and the membrane electrode form an anode side sealing cavity;
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with a cathode side sealing shunt supporting sheet and a cathode side sealing confluence supporting sheet, the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate is connected with a cathode sealing strip, and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, the cathode side sealing shunt supporting sheet, the cathode sealing strip of the cathode side sealing confluence supporting sheet and the membrane electrode form a cathode side sealing cavity.
Preferably, the anode current collecting plate is provided with an anode public water inlet, an anode current dividing region, an anode reaction region, an anode current collecting region and an anode public water outlet, wherein the anode public water inlet is connected with one side of the anode reaction region through the anode current dividing region, and the anode public water outlet is connected with the other side of the anode reaction region through the anode current collecting region;
the anode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with an anode side common water inlet, an anode side split flow area, an anode side reaction area, an anode side converging area and an anode side common water outlet, wherein the anode side common water inlet is connected with one side of the anode side reaction area through the anode side split flow area, and the anode side common water outlet is connected with the other side of the anode side reaction area through the anode side converging area;
the anode current collecting plate and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate are respectively connected with an anode diffusion layer, and the anode diffusion layer is connected with a corresponding membrane electrode.
Preferably, the cathode collecting plate is provided with a cathode public water inlet, a cathode reaction zone, a cathode flow distribution zone, a cathode flow collection zone and a cathode public water outlet, wherein the cathode public water inlet is connected with one side of the cathode reaction zone through the cathode flow distribution zone, and the cathode public water outlet is connected with the other side of the cathode reaction zone through the cathode flow collection zone;
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with a cathode side common water inlet, a cathode side reaction zone, a cathode side flow distribution zone, a cathode side converging zone and a cathode side common water outlet, wherein the cathode side common water inlet is connected with one side of the cathode side reaction zone through the cathode side flow distribution zone, and the cathode side common water outlet is connected with the other side of the cathode side reaction zone through the cathode side converging zone;
the cathode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate are respectively connected with a cathode diffusion layer, and the cathode diffusion layer is connected with a corresponding membrane electrode.
Preferably, water enters the anode sealing cavity from the anode public water inlet, is distributed by the anode diversion area, enters the anode reaction area, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode reaction area, passes through the anode diffusion layer, enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode for reaction to generate oxygen, and flows into the anode public water outlet together with unreacted water through the anode converging area;
meanwhile, water enters the anode side sealing cavity from the anode side common water inlet, is distributed through the anode side diversion area and then enters the anode side reaction area, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode side reaction area, passes through the anode diffusion layer and enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode to react to generate oxygen, and flows into the anode side common water outlet together with unreacted water through the anode side confluence area;
hydrogen is generated in the cathode sealing cavity and the cathode side sealing cavity, and is discharged from the cathode public water outlet and the cathode side public water outlet.
Preferably, water enters the cathode sealing cavity from the cathode public water inlet, is distributed by the cathode diversion area, enters the cathode reaction area, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode reaction area, passes through the cathode diffusion layer, enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode for reaction to generate hydrogen, and flows into the cathode public water outlet together with unreacted water through the cathode converging area;
meanwhile, water enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode side common water inlet, is distributed by the cathode side diversion area and then enters the cathode side reaction area, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode side reaction area, passes through the cathode diffusion layer and enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and unreacted water flow into the cathode side common water outlet through the cathode side confluence area;
oxygen is generated in the anode sealing cavity and the anode side sealing cavity, and the oxygen is discharged from the anode public water outlet and the anode side public water outlet.
Preferably, water enters the anode sealing cavity and the cathode sealing cavity from the anode public water inlet and the cathode public water inlet respectively;
after being distributed by the anode diversion area, the water enters the anode reaction area, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode reaction area, passes through the anode diffusion layer and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and the unreacted water flow into an anode public water outlet through the anode confluence area;
meanwhile, water enters the anode side sealing cavity from the anode side common water inlet, is distributed through the anode side diversion area and then enters the anode side reaction area, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode side reaction area, passes through the anode diffusion layer and enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode to react to generate oxygen, and flows into the anode side common water outlet together with unreacted water through the anode side confluence area;
after being distributed by the cathode flow distribution area, the water enters the cathode reaction area, flows through a flow channel with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode reaction area, passes through the cathode diffusion layer and enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and unreacted water flow into a cathode public water outlet through the cathode flow distribution area;
meanwhile, water enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode side common water inlet, is distributed by the cathode side diversion area, enters the cathode side reaction area, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode side reaction area, passes through the cathode diffusion layer, enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode to react to generate hydrogen, and flows into the cathode side common water outlet together with unreacted water through the cathode side confluence area.
Preferably, the anode current collecting plate is consistent with the anode side structure of the metal bipolar plate, and block-type flow channels or straight-through flow channels are arranged in the anode reaction area and the anode side reaction area and are respectively matched with the anode current dividing area, the anode current converging area, the anode side current dividing area, the anode side current converging area and the anode diffusion layer;
the cathode current collecting plate is consistent with the cathode side structure of the metal bipolar plate, serpentine flow channels or plane flow channels are arranged in the cathode reaction area and the cathode side reaction area, and the flow channels are respectively matched with the cathode current dividing area, the cathode current collecting area, the cathode side current dividing area, the cathode side current collecting area and the cathode diffusion layer.
Preferably, the anode reaction zone has a runner groove width of 0.5-2mm, a ridge width to groove width ratio of 0.8-1.2:1, and a runner depth to groove width ratio of 0.5-1:1;
the height of the anode reaction zone is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode mounting surface, the height of the cathode reaction zone is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode mounting surface, the height of the anode side reaction zone is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode side mounting surface, and the height of the cathode side reaction zone is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode side mounting surface.
Preferably, the anode sealing shunt supporting piece is arranged on the anode sealing shunt supporting piece installation area, the top of the shunt structure of the anode shunt area is at the same height as the plane of the anode sealing shunt supporting piece installation area, the anode sealing confluence supporting piece is arranged on the anode sealing confluence supporting piece installation area, the top of the confluence structure of the anode confluence area is at the same height as the plane of the anode sealing confluence supporting piece installation area, and the top planes of the anode sealing shunt supporting piece and the anode sealing confluence supporting piece after being installed are at the same height as the anode plate sealing surface;
the cathode sealing shunt support sheet is arranged on the cathode sealing shunt support sheet installation area, the cathode sealing confluence support sheet is arranged on the cathode sealing confluence support sheet installation area, the top of the shunt structure of the cathode shunt area and the plane of the cathode sealing confluence support sheet installation area are positioned at the same height, the top of the confluence structure of the cathode confluence area and the plane of the cathode sealing confluence support sheet installation area are positioned at the same height, and the top planes of the cathode sealing shunt support sheet and the cathode sealing confluence support sheet after being installed are positioned at the same height as the sealing surface of the cathode plate;
the anode shunting area, the anode converging area, the anode side shunting area, the anode side converging area, the cathode shunting area, the cathode converging area, the cathode side shunting area and the cathode side converging area use a lattice or straight channel structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The anode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with the anode shunt supporting piece and the anode confluence supporting piece, so that the distribution of water can be optimized, the pressure drop of the water passing through the anode sealing chamber can be controlled, the fluid characteristics can be regulated, and the reaction efficiency of the anode side can be improved;
(2) In the invention, water can enter from the anode or the cathode or the anode and the cathode to react;
(3) The design of the split supporting piece and the converging supporting piece also improves the sealing strength of the whole sealing structure.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an anode current collecting plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the anode side of a metallic bipolar plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the common water inlet of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the common water outlet of FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a cathode current collector plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cathode side of a metallic bipolar plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the common water inlet of FIG. 6;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the common water outlet of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
According to the zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1-9, the hydrogen production device comprises an anode current collecting plate 100, a cathode current collecting plate 200, a metal bipolar plate 300 and a membrane electrode 600, wherein the anode current collecting plate 100, the cathode current collecting plate 200 and the metal bipolar plate 300 are generally made of titanium materials (TA 1/TA 2), and the surfaces of the anode current collecting plate 100, the cathode current collecting plate 200 and the metal bipolar plate 300 are plated with special corrosion/oxidation resistant coatings such as platinum and the like. A membrane electrode 600 is provided between the anode current collecting plate 100 and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300, and a membrane electrode 600 is provided between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 and the cathode current collecting plate 200. The anode current collecting plate 100 and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 are respectively connected with an anode diffusion layer 700, and the anode diffusion layer 700 is connected with the corresponding membrane electrode 600. The cathode current collecting plate 200 and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 are respectively connected with the cathode diffusion layer 800, and the cathode diffusion layer 800 is connected with the corresponding membrane electrode 600.
As shown in fig. 2-5, the anode current collecting plate 100 and the metal bipolar plate 300 have the same anode side structure, the anode current collecting plate 100 is provided with an anode sealing current distribution supporting sheet 101 and an anode sealing current collection supporting sheet 102, two sides of the anode current collecting plate 100 are respectively connected with an anode sealing strip 400, and the anode current collecting plate 100, the anode sealing current distribution supporting sheet 101, the anode sealing current collection supporting sheet 102, the anode sealing strip 400 and the membrane electrode 600 form an anode sealing cavity. The anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with an anode sealing shunt supporting sheet 301 and an anode sealing confluence supporting sheet 302, the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is connected with an anode sealing strip 400, and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300, the anode sealing shunt supporting sheet 301, the anode sealing confluence supporting sheet 302, the anode sealing strip 400 and the membrane electrode 600 form an anode side sealing cavity. As shown in fig. 6 to 9, a cathode sealing shunt supporting plate 203 and a cathode sealing confluence supporting plate 204 are provided on the cathode current collecting plate 200, two ends of the cathode current collecting plate 200 are respectively connected with a cathode sealing strip 500, and the cathode current collecting plate 200, the cathode sealing shunt supporting plate 203, the cathode sealing confluence supporting plate 204, the cathode sealing strip 500 and the membrane electrode 600 form a cathode sealing cavity. The cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with a cathode side sealing shunt supporting sheet 303 and a cathode side sealing confluence supporting sheet 304, the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is connected with a cathode sealing strip 500, and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300, the cathode side sealing shunt supporting sheet 303, the cathode side sealing confluence supporting sheet 304, the cathode sealing strip 500 and the membrane electrode 600 form a cathode side sealing cavity.
The anode current collecting plate 100 is provided with an anode common water inlet 105, an anode current dividing region 114, an anode reaction region 110, an anode current converging region 115 and an anode common water outlet 106, wherein the anode common water inlet 105 is connected with one side of the anode reaction region 110 through the anode current dividing region 114, and the anode common water outlet 106 is connected with the other side of the anode reaction region 110 through the anode current converging region 115. The anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with an anode side common water inlet 305, an anode side split flow area 314, an anode side reaction area 310, an anode side converging area 315 and an anode side common water outlet 306, wherein the anode side common water inlet 305 is connected with one side of the anode side reaction area 310 through the anode side split flow area 314, and the anode side common water outlet 306 is connected with the other side of the anode side reaction area 310 through the anode side converging area 315. The cathode collector plate 200 is provided with a cathode common water inlet 208, a cathode reaction zone 211, a cathode flow distribution zone 216, a cathode flow collection zone 217 and a cathode common water outlet 209, wherein the cathode common water inlet 208 is connected with one side of the cathode reaction zone 211 through the cathode flow distribution zone 216, and the cathode common water outlet 209 is connected with the other side of the cathode reaction zone 211 through the cathode flow collection zone 217. The cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with a cathode side common water inlet 308, a cathode side reaction zone 311, a cathode side flow distribution zone 316, a cathode side converging zone 316 and a cathode side common water outlet 309, wherein the cathode side common water inlet 308 is connected with one side of the cathode side reaction zone 311 through the cathode side flow distribution zone 316, and the cathode side common water outlet 309 is connected with the other side of the cathode side reaction zone 311 through the cathode side converging zone 316. Anode tap region 114, anode bussing region 115, anode side tap region 314, anode side bussing region 315, cathode tap region 216, cathode bussing region 217, cathode side tap region 316, and cathode side bussing region 316 use a lattice or straight channel structure. Preferably, a cylindrical array is used, the diameter of which does not exceed the width of the runner channels, and the spacing between features is not less than the ridge width.
The anode reaction area 110 and the anode side reaction area 310 are internally provided with block-type flow channels or straight-through flow channels, and the flow channels are respectively matched with the anode diversion area 114, the anode converging area 115, the anode side diversion area 314, the anode side converging area 315 and the anode diffusion layer 700, so that the reaction efficiency of the electrolysis unit can be improved; the cathode current collecting plate 200 has the same structure as the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300, and serpentine flow channels or planar flow channels are arranged in the cathode reaction region 211 and the cathode side reaction region 311, and are respectively matched with the cathode current distribution region 216, the cathode current collecting region 217, the cathode side current distribution region 316, the cathode side current collecting region 316 and the cathode diffusion layer 800, so that the reaction efficiency of the electrolysis unit can be improved.
The anode reaction zone 110 has a runner channel width of 0.5-2mm, a ridge width to channel width ratio of 0.8-1.2:1, and a runner depth to channel width ratio of 0.5-1:1; the anode reaction region 110 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode mounting surface 112, the cathode reaction region 211 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode mounting surface 213, the anode side reaction region 310 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode side mounting surface 312, and the cathode side reaction region 311 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode side mounting surface 313.
The anode sealing shunt supporting piece 101 is installed on the anode sealing shunt supporting piece installation area 118, the top of the shunt structure of the anode shunt area 114 and the plane of the anode sealing shunt supporting piece installation area 118 are at the same height, the anode sealing confluence supporting piece 102 is installed on the anode sealing confluence supporting piece installation area 119, the confluence structure top of the anode confluence area 115 and the plane of the anode sealing confluence supporting piece installation area 119 are at the same height, and the connection modes comprise welding and the like. And the top plane of the anode sealing split supporting piece 101 and the anode sealing converging supporting piece 102 after being installed is at the same height as the anode plate sealing surface 122.
The cathode sealing shunt supporting piece 203 is installed on the cathode sealing shunt supporting piece installation area 220, the cathode sealing confluence supporting piece 204 is installed on the cathode sealing confluence supporting piece installation area 221, the top of the shunt structure of the cathode shunt area 216 and the plane of the cathode sealing shunt supporting piece installation area 220 are at the same height, the top of the confluence structure of the cathode confluence area 217 and the plane of the cathode sealing confluence supporting piece installation area 221 are at the same height, and the connection modes comprise welding and the like. And the top plane of the cathode sealing split support piece 203 and the cathode sealing confluence support piece 204 after being installed is at the same height as the cathode plate sealing surface 223.
Working principle: after the assembly of the components of fig. 1 is completed under the required pressure, the anode current collector 100 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the cathode current collector 200 is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and the power supply is a direct current power supply with the voltage of about 1.8V. Water enters the anode sealing cavity from the anode common water inlet 105, is distributed by the anode diversion area 114 and enters the anode reaction area 110, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode reaction area 110, passes through the anode diffusion layer 700 and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water flow into the anode common water outlet 106 through the anode confluence area 115; meanwhile, water enters the anode side sealing cavity from the anode side common water inlet 305, is distributed by the anode side diversion area 314 and then enters the anode side reaction area 310, and flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode side reaction area 310, passes through the anode diffusion layer 700 and enters a corresponding reaction area of the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water flow into the anode side common water outlet 306 through the anode side confluence area 315; hydrogen gas is generated in the cathode seal chamber and the cathode side seal chamber, and the hydrogen gas is discharged from the cathode common water outlet 209 and the cathode side common water outlet 309.
Or, water enters the cathode sealing cavity from the cathode common water inlet 208, is distributed by the cathode diversion area 216 and then enters the cathode reaction area 211, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode reaction area 211, passes through the cathode diffusion layer 800 and enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate hydrogen, and flows into the cathode common water outlet 209 together with unreacted water through the cathode confluence area 217; meanwhile, water enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode side common water inlet 308, is distributed by the cathode side diversion area 316 and then enters the cathode side reaction area 311, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode side reaction area 311, passes through the cathode diffusion layer 800 and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and unreacted water flow into the cathode side common water outlet 309 through the cathode side confluence area 316; oxygen is generated in the anode seal cavity and the anode side seal cavity and is discharged from the anode common water outlet 106 and the anode side common water outlet 306.
Alternatively, water enters the anode seal cavity and the cathode seal cavity from the anode common water inlet 105 and the cathode common water inlet 208, respectively; after being distributed by the anode diversion area 114, the water enters the anode reaction area 110, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode reaction area 110, passes through the anode diffusion layer 700 and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and the unreacted water flow into the anode public water outlet 106 through the anode confluence area 115; meanwhile, water enters the anode side sealed cavity from the anode side common water inlet 305, is distributed through the anode side split flow area 314 and then enters the anode side reaction area 310, and flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode side reaction area 310, passes through the anode diffusion layer 700 and enters a corresponding reaction area of the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water flow into the anode side common water outlet 306 through the anode side converging area 315. After being distributed by the cathode diversion area 216, the water enters the cathode reaction area 211, flows through a flow channel with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode reaction area 211, passes through the cathode diffusion layer 800, enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode 600 for reaction to generate hydrogen, and flows into the cathode public water outlet 209 together with unreacted water through the cathode confluence area 217; meanwhile, water enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode side common water inlet 308, is distributed by the cathode side diversion area 316 and then enters the cathode side reaction area 311, flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode side reaction area 311, passes through the cathode diffusion layer 800 and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and unreacted water flow into the cathode side common water outlet 309 through the cathode side confluence area 316.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the sealing confluence/distribution support sheet is composed of a flat plate and a functional structure, and the material is typically titanium (TA 1/TA 2). The sealing strip material can be selected from rubber materials such as silica gel, EPDM, fluororubber and the like. A certain interval is arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet for paving sealing isolation materials. The intermediate metallic bipolar plate 300 may be stacked in any number as desired, with corresponding additions of other cathode/anode components.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device is characterized by comprising an anode current collecting plate (100), a cathode current collecting plate (200), a metal bipolar plate (300) and a membrane electrode (600), wherein the membrane electrode (600) is arranged between the anode current collecting plate (100) and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), and the membrane electrode (600) is arranged between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) and the cathode current collecting plate (200);
water enters the anode current collecting plate (100) or/and the cathode current collecting plate (200) from a common water inlet, oxygen is generated by the reaction of the anode current collecting plate (100) and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), hydrogen is generated by the reaction of the cathode current collecting plate (200) and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), and the oxygen and the hydrogen are respectively discharged from corresponding common water outlets.
2. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein an anode sealing split supporting sheet (101) and an anode sealing converging supporting sheet (102) are arranged on the anode collecting plate (100), and the anode sealing strips (400) are respectively connected to the two sides of the anode collecting plate (100), the anode sealing split supporting sheet (101), the anode sealing converging supporting sheet (102), the anode sealing strips (400) and the membrane electrode (600) to form an anode sealing cavity;
the cathode current collecting plate (200) is provided with a cathode sealing shunt supporting plate (203) and a cathode sealing confluence supporting plate (204), two ends of the cathode current collecting plate (200) are respectively connected with a cathode sealing strip (500), and the cathode current collecting plate (200), the cathode sealing shunt supporting plate (203), the cathode sealing confluence supporting plate (204), the cathode sealing strip (500) and the membrane electrode (600) form a cathode sealing cavity;
an anode sealing shunt supporting sheet (301) and an anode sealing converging supporting sheet (302) are arranged on the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is connected with the anode sealing strip (400), and an anode side sealing cavity is formed by the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), the anode sealing shunt supporting sheet (301), the anode sealing converging supporting sheet (302), the anode sealing strip (400) and the membrane electrode (600);
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with a cathode side sealing shunt supporting sheet (303) and a cathode side sealing confluence supporting sheet (304), the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is connected with the cathode sealing strip (500), and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with the cathode side sealing shunt supporting sheet (303), the cathode side sealing confluence supporting sheet (304) and the cathode sealing strip (500) and the membrane electrode (600) form a cathode side sealing cavity.
3. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, wherein an anode common water inlet (105), an anode diversion area (114), an anode reaction area (110), an anode confluence area (115) and an anode common water outlet (106) are arranged on the anode current collecting plate (100), the anode common water inlet (105) is connected with one side of the anode reaction area (110) through the anode diversion area (114), and the anode common water outlet (106) is connected with the other side of the anode reaction area (110) through the anode confluence area (115);
the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with an anode side common water inlet (305), an anode side split flow area (314), an anode side reaction area (310), an anode side converging area (315) and an anode side common water outlet (306) on the anode side, wherein the anode side common water inlet (305) is connected with one side of the anode side reaction area (310) through the anode side split flow area (314), and the anode side common water outlet (306) is connected with the other side of the anode side reaction area (310) through the anode side converging area (315);
the anode current collecting plate (100) and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) are respectively connected with an anode diffusion layer (700), and the anode diffusion layer (700) is connected with the corresponding membrane electrode (600).
4. A zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 3, characterized in that a cathode common water inlet (208), a cathode reaction zone (211), a cathode diversion zone (216), a cathode confluence zone (217) and a cathode common water outlet (209) are arranged on the cathode current collecting plate (200), the cathode common water inlet (208) is connected with one side of the cathode reaction zone (211) through the cathode diversion zone (216), and the cathode common water outlet (209) is connected with the other side of the cathode reaction zone (211) through the cathode confluence zone (217);
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with a cathode side common water inlet (308), a cathode side reaction zone (311), a cathode side flow distribution zone (316), a cathode side converging zone (316) and a cathode side common water outlet (309), wherein the cathode side common water inlet (308) is connected with one side of the cathode side reaction zone (311) through the cathode side flow distribution zone (316), and the cathode side common water outlet (309) is connected with the other side of the cathode side reaction zone (311) through the cathode side converging zone (316);
the cathode current collecting plate (200) and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) are respectively connected with a cathode diffusion layer (800), and the cathode diffusion layer (800) is connected with the corresponding membrane electrode (600).
5. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 4, wherein water enters an anode sealing cavity from the anode public water inlet (105), enters the anode reaction zone (110) after being distributed by the anode diversion zone (114), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode reaction zone (110), passes through the anode diffusion layer (700) and enters a reaction zone corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water flow into the anode public water outlet (106) through the anode confluence zone (115);
meanwhile, water enters the anode side sealing cavity from the anode side common water inlet (305), is distributed by the anode side diversion area (314) and then enters the anode side reaction area (310), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode side reaction area (310), passes through the anode diffusion layer (700) and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water flow into the anode side common water outlet (306) through the anode side converging area (315);
hydrogen is generated in the cathode seal cavity and the cathode side seal cavity, and the hydrogen is discharged from the cathode common water outlet (209) and the cathode side common water outlet (309).
6. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 4, wherein water enters a cathode sealing cavity from the cathode public water inlet (208), enters the cathode reaction zone (211) after being distributed by the cathode distribution zone (216), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode reaction zone (211), enters a reaction zone corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) through the cathode diffusion layer (800) to react to generate hydrogen, and flows into the cathode public water outlet (209) together with unreacted water through the cathode converging zone (217);
meanwhile, water enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode side common water inlet (308), is distributed by the cathode side diversion area (316) and then enters the cathode side reaction area (311), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode side reaction area (311), passes through the cathode diffusion layer (800) and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate hydrogen, and flows into the cathode side common water outlet (309) together with unreacted water through the cathode side confluence area (316);
oxygen is generated in the anode seal cavity and the anode side seal cavity, and the oxygen is discharged from the anode common water outlet (106) and the anode side common water outlet (306).
7. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the anode and cathode seal cavities are accessed by the anode common water inlet (105) and the cathode common water inlet (208), respectively;
after being distributed by the anode diversion area (114), the water enters the anode reaction area (110), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode reaction area (110), passes through the anode diffusion layer (700) and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water flow into the anode public water outlet (106) through the anode confluence area (115);
meanwhile, water enters the anode side sealing cavity from the anode side common water inlet (305), is distributed by the anode side diversion area (314) and then enters the anode side reaction area (310), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the anode side reaction area (310), passes through the anode diffusion layer (700) and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water flow into the anode side common water outlet (306) through the anode side converging area (315);
after being distributed by the cathode diversion area (216), the water enters the cathode reaction area (211), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode reaction area (211), passes through the cathode diffusion layer (800) and enters a reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and unreacted water flow into the cathode public water outlet (209) through the cathode confluence area (217);
meanwhile, water enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode side common water inlet (308), is distributed by the cathode side diversion area (316) and then enters the cathode side reaction area (311), flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension on the cathode side reaction area (311), passes through the cathode diffusion layer (800) and enters the reaction area corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and unreacted water flow into the cathode side common water outlet (309) through the cathode side confluence area (316).
8. The zero-gap AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 4, wherein the anode current collecting plate (100) is consistent with the anode side structure of the metal bipolar plate (300), and a block-type runner or a through-type runner is arranged in the anode reaction region (110) and the anode side reaction region (310), and the runners are respectively matched with the anode current distribution region (114), the anode current collecting region (115), the anode current distribution region (314), the anode side current collecting region (315) and the anode diffusion layer (700);
the cathode current collecting plate (200) is consistent with the cathode side structure of the metal bipolar plate (300), a serpentine runner or a plane runner is arranged in the cathode reaction zone (211) and the cathode side reaction zone (311), and the runners are respectively matched with the cathode current distribution zone (216), the cathode current collecting zone (217), the cathode side current distribution zone (316), the cathode side current collecting zone (316) and the cathode diffusion layer (800).
9. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the anode reaction zone (110) has a runner groove width of 0.5-2mm, a ridge width to groove width ratio of 0.8-1.2:1, and a runner depth to groove width ratio of 0.5-1:1;
the height of the anode reaction zone (110) is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode mounting surface (112), the height of the cathode reaction zone (211) is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode mounting surface (213), the height of the anode side reaction zone (310) is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode side mounting surface (312), and the height of the cathode side reaction zone (311) is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode side mounting surface (313).
10. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 8, wherein the anode sealing shunt support sheet (101) is mounted on an anode sealing shunt support sheet mounting region (118), the top of the shunt structure of the anode shunt region (114) is at the same height as the plane of the anode sealing shunt support sheet mounting region (118), the anode sealing confluence support sheet (102) is mounted on an anode sealing confluence support sheet mounting region (119), the confluence structure top of the anode confluence region (115) is at the same height as the plane of the anode sealing confluence support sheet mounting region (119), and the top planes of the anode sealing shunt support sheet (101) and the anode sealing confluence support sheet (102) are at the same height as the anode plate sealing surface (122);
the cathode sealing shunt support piece (203) is arranged on a cathode sealing shunt support piece installation area (220), the cathode sealing confluence support piece (204) is arranged on a cathode sealing confluence support piece installation area (221), the top of a shunt structure of the cathode shunt area (216) and the plane of the cathode sealing shunt support piece installation area (220) are positioned at the same height, the top of a confluence structure of the cathode confluence area (217) and the plane of the cathode sealing confluence support piece installation area (221) are positioned at the same height, and the top plane of the cathode sealing shunt support piece (203) and the cathode sealing confluence support piece (204) after being installed is positioned at the same height as a cathode sealing surface (223);
the anode shunt region (114), the anode bus region (115), the anode side shunt region (314), the anode side bus region (315), the cathode shunt region (216), the cathode bus region (217), the cathode side shunt region (316), and the cathode side bus region (316) use a lattice or straight channel structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410109190.4A CN117779075A (en) | 2024-01-25 | 2024-01-25 | Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410109190.4A CN117779075A (en) | 2024-01-25 | 2024-01-25 | Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production device |
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