CN117779074A - Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit - Google Patents
Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN117779074A CN117779074A CN202410108876.1A CN202410108876A CN117779074A CN 117779074 A CN117779074 A CN 117779074A CN 202410108876 A CN202410108876 A CN 202410108876A CN 117779074 A CN117779074 A CN 117779074A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 163
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit which relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and comprises an anode current collecting plate, a cathode current collecting plate, a metal bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate and the cathode current collecting plate; water enters the anode current collecting plate or/and the cathode current collecting plate from the public water inlet, oxygen is generated by reaction between the anode current collecting plate and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate, the oxygen is discharged from the corresponding public water outlet, hydrogen is generated by reaction between the cathode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the hydrogen is discharged from the corresponding public water outlet. The invention controls the fluid characteristics of the cathode and anode stages by the design of the anode shunt support sheet, the anode confluence sheet, the cathode shunt sheet and the cathode confluence sheet, and solves the problems of difficult control of fluid in an active area, inconsistent reaction efficiency and insufficient support of sealing materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, in particular to a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit.
Background
The hydrogen production by water electrolysis takes water as a reactant, and direct current is applied to the cathode and anode stages of the electrolysis device to produce hydrogen and oxygen, so that the device is simple, the purity of the produced hydrogen is high, and the method can be popularized and used in large-scale technology. The water electrolysis device mainly can be in structural design: the device comprises a spacing type water electrolysis hydrogen production device and a zero spacing type water electrolysis hydrogen production device. The zero-spacing type water electrolysis hydrogen production device has the characteristics of high current density, high efficiency, high corresponding speed and the like, can be well matched with renewable energy sources (such as wind energy and solar energy), can operate under high pressure of 3-5MPa due to compact structure, and effectively simplifies the compression and storage processes of hydrogen.
Zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production devices often contain multiple hydrogen production units, each consisting essentially of a membrane electrode, a diffusion layer, a plate, and a sealing material. The membrane electrode is used as a core component of the reaction and consists of an anode catalytic layer, a hydroxide ion exchange membrane and a cathode catalytic layer. The anion exchange membrane is a solid electrolyte, and can effectively isolate the gas generated by the cathode and anode. In a conventional AEM water electrolysis hydrogen plant, pure water or lye is passed into a cathode sealed chamber. Under the action of a cathode catalyst, water combines with electrons and is decomposed into hydrogen and hydroxide ions; after passing through the exchange membrane, the hydroxide ions are decomposed into oxygen, water and electrons under the action of the anode catalyst. However, because of the slower transport rate of hydroxide ions in the anion exchange membrane, the manner of introducing water only at the cathode limits the rate of reaction and increases the complexity of purification of the cathode gas.
In addition, the current zero-spacing AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device reaction zone can adopt a runner or directly form an electrolytic water flow path by using a metal net. The use of the metal mesh easily causes randomness and uncontrollability of the electrolytic water flowing in the anode cavity, so that the reaction efficiency of each area in the reaction area is inconsistent, and the service life of the membrane electrode is further damaged. The zero-spacing AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device is designed by using a runner in an active area, which is not enough to completely solve the problems of randomness and uncontrollability of electrolytic water flowing in an anode cavity. In addition, the flow channel design does not provide adequate support for the sealing material due to the discontinuous flat surface (serrated cross section) at the top thereof, thus risking seal failure under high pressure operating conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, which adopts an operation mode of introducing water into an anode or introducing raw water (pure water or alkali liquor) into both the anode and the cathode, and further controls the fluid characteristics of both the anode and the cathode through the designs of an anode shunt supporting sheet, an anode converging sheet, a cathode shunt sheet and a cathode converging sheet, thereby solving the problems of difficult control of fluid in an active area, inconsistent reaction efficiency and insufficient support of sealing materials.
The invention provides a zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit, which comprises an anode current collecting plate, a cathode current collecting plate, a metal bipolar plate and a membrane electrode, wherein the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate and the cathode current collecting plate;
water enters the anode current collecting plate or/and the cathode current collecting plate from the public water inlet, oxygen is generated by reaction between the anode current collecting plate and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate, the oxygen is discharged from the corresponding public water outlet, hydrogen is generated by reaction between the cathode current collecting plate and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, and the hydrogen is discharged from the corresponding public water outlet.
Preferably, the water gap and the air port on the anode current collecting plate, the cathode current collecting plate and the metal bipolar plate are all arranged on the same pair of edges of the square polar plate, and sealing structures matched with the water gap and the air port are arranged on the water gap and the air port.
Preferably, an anode current collecting plate is provided with an anode current distribution sealing supporting plate and an anode current collection sealing supporting plate, two sides of the anode current collecting plate are respectively connected with an anode sealing strip, and the anode current collecting plate, the anode current distribution sealing supporting plate, the anode current collection sealing supporting plate, the anode sealing strips and the membrane electrode form an anode sealing cavity;
the cathode current collecting plate is provided with a cathode current distribution sealing supporting plate and a cathode current collection sealing supporting plate, two ends of the cathode current collecting plate are respectively connected with a cathode sealing strip, and the cathode current collecting plate, the cathode current distribution sealing supporting plate, the cathode current collection sealing supporting plate, the cathode sealing strips and the membrane electrode form a cathode sealing cavity;
the anode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with an anode side shunt sealing supporting piece and an anode side converging sealing supporting piece, the anode side of the metal bipolar plate is connected with an anode sealing strip, and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate, the anode side shunt sealing supporting piece, the anode side converging sealing supporting piece, the anode sealing strip and the membrane electrode form an anode side sealing cavity;
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with a cathode side shunt sealing supporting sheet and a cathode side converging sealing supporting sheet, the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate is connected with a cathode sealing strip, and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate, the cathode side shunt sealing supporting sheet, the cathode side converging sealing supporting sheet, the cathode sealing strip and the membrane electrode form a cathode side sealing cavity.
Preferably, the anode current collecting plate and the metal bipolar plate have the same anode side structure, and the anode sides of the anode current collecting plate and the metal bipolar plate are respectively connected with the anode diffusion layers in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the anode collecting plate is provided with an anode public water inlet, an anode public water outlet, an anode reaction zone, an anode flow distribution zone and an anode flow collection zone, wherein the anode public water inlet is connected with one side of the anode reaction zone through the anode flow distribution zone, and the anode public water outlet is connected with the other side of the anode reaction zone through the anode flow collection zone;
the anode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with an anode side common water inlet, an anode side common water outlet, an anode side reaction zone, an anode side split flow zone and an anode side converging zone, wherein the anode side common water inlet is connected with one side of the anode side reaction zone through the anode side split flow zone, and the anode side common water outlet is connected with the other side of the anode side reaction zone through the anode side converging zone;
water enters the anode sealing cavity from the anode common water inlet, enters the anode side reaction zone through the anode diversion zone, and enters the anode side sealing cavity through the anode side common water inlet, and meanwhile, enters the anode side reaction zone through the anode side diversion zone.
Preferably, the cathode current collecting plate and the metal bipolar plate have the same cathode side structure, and the cathode current collecting plate and the metal bipolar plate are respectively connected with the cathode diffusion layers in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the cathode collector plate is provided with a cathode public water inlet, a cathode public water outlet, a cathode reaction zone, a cathode flow distribution zone and a cathode flow collection zone, wherein the cathode public water inlet is connected to one side of the cathode reaction zone through the cathode flow distribution zone, and the cathode public water outlet is connected to the other side of the cathode reaction zone through the cathode flow collection zone;
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate is provided with a cathode side common water inlet, a cathode side common water outlet, a cathode side reaction zone, a cathode side shunt zone and a cathode side converging zone, wherein the cathode side common water inlet is connected with one side of the cathode side reaction zone through the cathode side shunt zone, and the cathode side common water outlet is connected with the other side of the cathode side reaction zone through the cathode side converging zone;
the water can enter the cathode sealing cavity through the cathode common water inlet, and then enter the cathode reaction zone after being distributed through the cathode diversion zone, so that the water enters the cathode side sealing cavity through the cathode common water inlet, and then enters the cathode side reaction zone after being distributed through the cathode side diversion zone, in the cathode reaction zone and the cathode side reaction zone, the water passes through the flow channels with specific geometric dimensions, passes through the cathode diffusion layer, enters the reaction zone corresponding to the membrane electrode to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and the unreacted water are converged through the cathode converging zone and the cathode side converging zone and are discharged through the cathode common water outlet and the cathode side common water outlet.
Preferably, the anode reaction zone and the anode side reaction zone are respectively provided with a first runner, the first runner is a block-type runner or a straight-through runner, and the first runner is respectively matched with the anode shunting zone, the anode converging zone, the anode side shunting zone, the anode side converging zone and the anode diffusion layer;
the cathode reaction zone and the cathode side reaction zone are respectively provided with a second runner which is a serpentine runner or a planar runner, and the second runners are respectively matched with the cathode shunting zone, the cathode converging zone, the cathode side shunting zone, the cathode side converging zone and the cathode diffusion layer.
Preferably, the first channel has a channel width of 0.5-2mm, a ridge width to channel width ratio of 0.8-1.2:1, and a channel depth to channel width ratio of 0.5-1:1;
the height of the anode reaction zone is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode mounting surface, the height of the cathode reaction zone is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode mounting surface, and the height of the cathode reaction zone is 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode mounting surface 313.
Preferably, the anode shunting region, the anode converging region, the anode side shunting region and the anode side converging region are in a lattice or straight channel structure, the diameters of the anode shunting region, the anode converging region, the anode side shunting region and the anode side converging region do not exceed the groove width of the first flow channel, and the distance between the features is not smaller than the ridge width of the first flow channel;
the cathode flow distribution region, the cathode flow converging region, the cathode side flow distribution region and the cathode side flow converging region are in a lattice or straight-channel structure, the diameters of the cathode flow distribution region, the cathode flow converging region, the cathode side flow distribution region and the cathode side flow converging region do not exceed the groove width of the second flow channel, and the distance between the features is not smaller than the ridge width of the second flow channel.
Preferably, an anode shunting area and an anode shunting sealing supporting piece installation area are arranged between the anode reaction area and the anode public water inlet, the top of a shunting structure of the anode shunting area and the plane of the anode shunting sealing supporting piece installation area are positioned at the same height, and an anode shunting sealing supporting piece is installed on the anode shunting sealing supporting piece installation area;
an anode converging region and an anode converging sealing support piece mounting region are arranged between the anode reaction region and the anode public water outlet, the top of a flow dividing structure of the anode converging region and the plane of the anode converging sealing support piece mounting region are positioned at the same height, and an anode converging sealing support piece is mounted on the anode converging sealing support piece mounting region;
the top plane of the anode shunt sealing support piece and the anode converging sealing support piece after being installed is at the same height with the sealing surface of the anode plate.
Preferably, a cathode shunt area and a cathode shunt sealing support piece installation area are arranged between the cathode reaction area and the cathode public water inlet, the top of a shunt structure of the cathode shunt area and the plane of the cathode shunt sealing support piece installation area are positioned at the same height, and a cathode shunt sealing support piece is installed on the cathode shunt sealing support piece installation area;
a cathode converging region and a cathode converging sealing support piece mounting region are arranged between the cathode reaction region and the cathode public water outlet, the top of a flow dividing structure of the cathode converging region and the plane of the cathode converging sealing support piece mounting region are positioned at the same height, and a cathode converging sealing support piece is mounted on the cathode converging sealing support piece mounting region;
the top plane of the cathode shunt sealing support piece and the cathode converging sealing support piece after being installed is at the same height with the sealing surface of the cathode plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the water gap and the air gap are arranged on the same pair of sides of the square polar plate, so that the use of the other pair of sides is saved, the polar plate material and the membrane electrode area are integrally saved, and the overall volume utilization rate is improved; the reasonable width is directly arranged on the air port and the water port for the design of a sealing structure;
(2) The anode inlet support piece and the anode outlet support piece are arranged on the anode side of the metal separator, and the sealing strength of the whole sealing structure is improved through the design of the sealing structure on the support piece;
(3) The invention arranges the flow dividing area and the flow converging area on the anode side, optimizes the water distribution through the flow passage matched with the diffusion layer, and improves the reaction efficiency of the anode side;
(4) The cathode outlet supporting plate is arranged on the cathode side, and the sealing strength of the whole sealing structure is improved through the sealing structure design on the supporting plate;
(5) The invention arranges the diversion area on the cathode side, optimizes the distribution of water through the flow passage matched with the diffusion layer, and improves the reaction efficiency of the cathode side.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an anode current collecting plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the anode side of a metallic bipolar plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the common water inlet of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the common water outlet of FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a cathode current collector plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cathode side of a metallic bipolar plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the common water inlet of FIG. 6;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the common water outlet of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
According to the zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 1-9, the unit comprises an anode current collecting plate 100, a cathode current collecting plate 200, a metal bipolar plate 300 and a membrane electrode 600, wherein the membrane electrode 600 is arranged between the anode current collecting plate 100 and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300, and the membrane electrode 600 is arranged between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 and the cathode current collecting plate 200. The water inlet and the air inlet of the anode current collecting plate 100, the cathode current collecting plate 200 and the metal bipolar plate 300 are all arranged on the same pair of sides of the square polar plate, and sealing structures matched with the water inlet and the air inlet are arranged on the water inlet and the air inlet. And a certain interval is arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet for paving sealing isolation materials. The anode current collecting plate 100 and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 are respectively connected with the anode diffusion layers 700 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the cathode current collecting plate 200 and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 are connected to the cathode diffusion layer 800 in one-to-one correspondence, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the anode current collector 100 and the metallic bipolar plate 300 are identical in anode side structure. The anode current collecting plate 100 is provided with an anode common water inlet 105, an anode common water outlet 106, an anode reaction zone 110, an anode current distribution zone 114 and an anode current collecting zone 115, wherein the anode common water inlet 105 is connected with one side of the anode reaction zone 110 through the anode current distribution zone 114, and the anode common water outlet 106 is connected with the other side of the anode reaction zone 110 through the anode current collecting zone 115. The anode current collecting plate 100 is provided with an anode current distribution sealing supporting plate 101 and an anode current collection sealing supporting plate 102, and two sides of the anode current collecting plate 100 are respectively connected with an anode sealing strip 400, and the anode current collecting plate 100, the anode current distribution sealing supporting plate 101, the anode current collection sealing supporting plate 102, the anode sealing strip 400 and the membrane electrode 600 form an anode sealing cavity. An anode shunt area 114 and an anode shunt sealing supporting piece mounting area 118 are arranged between the anode reaction area 110 and the anode common water inlet 105, the top of a shunt structure of the anode shunt area 114 and the plane of the anode shunt sealing supporting piece mounting area 118 are positioned at the same height, and the anode shunt sealing supporting piece 101 is mounted on the anode shunt sealing supporting piece mounting area 118 in a connection mode including welding and the like. An anode converging region 115 and an anode converging sealing support piece mounting region 119 are arranged between the anode reaction region 110 and the anode public water outlet 106, the top of a flow dividing structure of the anode converging region 115 and the plane of the anode converging sealing support piece mounting region 119 are positioned at the same height, and the anode converging sealing support piece 102 is mounted on the anode converging sealing support piece mounting region 119 in a connection mode including welding and the like. The top plane of the anode split seal support sheet 101 and the anode manifold seal support sheet 102 after installation is at the same elevation as the anode plate sealing surface 122.
The anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with an anode side common water inlet 305, an anode side common water outlet 306, an anode side reaction zone 310, an anode side split flow zone 314 and an anode side converging zone 315, wherein the anode side common water inlet 305 is connected with one side of the anode side reaction zone 310 through the anode side split flow zone 314, and the anode side common water outlet 306 is connected with the other side of the anode side reaction zone 310 through the anode side converging zone 315. The anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with an anode side split flow sealing supporting sheet 301 and an anode side converging flow sealing supporting sheet 302, the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is connected with an anode sealing strip 400, and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate 300, the anode side split flow sealing supporting sheet 301, the anode side converging flow sealing supporting sheet 302, the anode sealing strip 400 and the membrane electrode 600 form an anode side sealing cavity.
As shown in fig. 6-7, the cathode current collector 200 and the metal bipolar plate 300 are identical in cathode side structure. The cathode collector plate 200 is provided with a cathode common water inlet 208, a cathode common water outlet 209, a cathode reaction zone 211, a cathode shunt zone 216 and a cathode converging zone 217, wherein the cathode common water inlet 208 is connected to one side of the cathode reaction zone 211 through the cathode shunt zone 216, and the cathode common water outlet 209 is connected to the other side of the cathode reaction zone 211 through the cathode converging zone 217. The cathode current collecting plate 200 is provided with a cathode current distribution sealing supporting plate 203 and a cathode current collection sealing supporting plate 204, two ends of the cathode current collecting plate 200 are respectively connected with a cathode sealing strip 500, and the cathode current collecting plate 200, the cathode current distribution sealing supporting plate 203, the cathode current collection sealing supporting plate 204, the cathode sealing strip 500 and the membrane electrode 600 form a cathode sealing cavity. A cathode shunt area 216 and a cathode shunt sealing support piece mounting area 220 are arranged between the cathode reaction area 211 and the cathode common water inlet 208, the top of the shunt structure of the cathode shunt area 216 and the plane of the cathode shunt sealing support piece mounting area 220 are positioned at the same height, and the cathode shunt sealing support piece 203 is mounted on the cathode shunt sealing support piece mounting area 220 in a connection mode including welding and the like. A cathode confluence region 217 and a cathode confluence sealing support sheet mounting region 221 are arranged between the cathode reaction region 211 and the cathode public water outlet 209, the top of the diversion structure of the cathode confluence region 217 and the plane of the cathode confluence sealing support sheet mounting region 221 are positioned at the same height, and the cathode confluence sealing support sheet 204 is mounted on the cathode confluence sealing support sheet mounting region 221 in a connection mode including welding and the like. The top plane of the cathode split seal support tab 203 and the cathode bussing seal support tab 204 after installation is at the same elevation as the cathode plate sealing surface 223.
The cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with a cathode side common water inlet 308, a cathode side common water outlet 309, a cathode side reaction zone 311, a cathode side split zone 316 and a cathode side converging zone 317, wherein the cathode side common water inlet 308 is connected to one side of the cathode side reaction zone 311 through the cathode side split zone 316, and the cathode side common water outlet 309 is connected to the other side of the cathode side reaction zone 311 through the cathode side converging zone 317. The cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is provided with a cathode side shunt sealing support piece 303 and a cathode side converging sealing support piece 304, the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300 is connected with a cathode sealing strip 500, and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate 300, the cathode side shunt sealing support piece 303, the cathode side converging sealing support piece 304, the cathode sealing strip 500 and the membrane electrode 600 form a cathode side sealing cavity.
As shown in fig. 2 to 9, the anode reaction region 110 and the anode side reaction region 310 are respectively provided with a first flow channel 107, and the first flow channel 107 is a block flow channel or a through flow channel, and the first flow channel 107 is respectively matched with the anode diversion region 114, the anode confluence region 115, the anode side diversion region 314, the anode side confluence region 315 and the anode diffusion layer 700, so that the reaction efficiency of the electrolysis unit can be improved. The second flow channels 207 are respectively arranged in the cathode reaction region 211 and the cathode side reaction region 311, the second flow channels 207 are serpentine flow channels or plane flow channels, and the second flow channels 207 are respectively matched with the cathode diversion region 216, the cathode confluence region 217, the cathode side diversion region 316, the cathode side confluence region 317 and the cathode diffusion layer 800, so that the reaction efficiency of the electrolysis unit can be improved. The first flow channel 107 has a channel width of 0.5-2mm, a ridge width to channel width ratio of 0.8-1.2:1, and a channel depth to channel width ratio of 0.5-1:1; the anode reaction zone 110 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode mounting surface 112, the anode side reaction zone 310 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the anode side mounting surface 312, the cathode reaction zone 211 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode mounting surface 213, and the cathode side reaction zone 311 has a height of 0.1-0.3mm smaller than the cathode side mounting surface 313. The anode split regions 114, the anode confluence regions 115, the anode side split regions 314, and the anode side confluence regions 315 are in a lattice or straight channel structure, preferably, a cylindrical array is used, the diameters of the anode split regions 114, the anode confluence regions 115, the anode side split regions 314, and the anode side confluence regions 315 do not exceed the groove width of the first flow channels 107, and the spacing between the features is not less than the ridge width of the first flow channels 107; the cathode split regions 216, the cathode bus region 217, the cathode side split regions 316, and the cathode side bus region 317 are in a lattice or straight channel structure, and preferably, a cylindrical array is used, the diameters of the cathode split regions 216, the cathode bus region 217, the cathode side split regions 316, and the cathode side bus region 317 do not exceed the groove width of the second flow channel 207, and the spacing between features is not less than the ridge width of the second flow channel 207.
Working principle: after the assembly of the components of fig. 1 is completed under the required pressure, the anode current collector 100 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the cathode current collector 200 is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, and the power supply is a direct current power supply with the voltage of about 1.8V. Water enters the anode sealing cavity from the anode common water inlet 105, enters the anode side reaction zone 310 through the anode diversion zone 114, and at the same time, enters the anode side sealing cavity through the anode side common water inlet 305, enters the anode side reaction zone 310 through the anode side diversion zone 314, flows through flow channels with specific geometric dimensions in the anode side reaction zone 310 and the anode side reaction zone 310, passes through the anode diffusion layer 700 and enters the corresponding reaction zone of the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and the unreacted water are converged through the anode converging zone 115 and the anode side converging zone 315 and are discharged from the anode common water outlet 106 and the anode side common water outlet 306. Hydrogen gas is generated in the cathode seal chamber and the cathode side seal chamber, and the hydrogen gas is discharged from the cathode common water outlet 209 and the cathode side common water outlet 309.
Alternatively or in addition, water enters the cathode sealing cavity from the cathode common water inlet 208, enters the cathode reaction zone 211 after being distributed through the cathode diversion zone 216, meanwhile, water enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode common water inlet 208, enters the cathode side reaction zone 311 after being distributed through the cathode side diversion zone 316, and in the cathode reaction zone 211 and the cathode side reaction zone 311, water flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension, passes through the cathode diffusion layer 800 and enters the corresponding reaction zone of the membrane electrode 600 to react to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and unreacted water are converged through the cathode converging zone 217 and the cathode side converging zone 317 and discharged from the cathode common water outlet 209 and the cathode side common water outlet 309. Oxygen is generated within the anode seal cavity and the anode side seal cavity and is discharged from the anode common outlet 206 and the anode side common outlet 306.
More specifically, the anode current collector 100, the cathode current collector 200, and the metal bipolar plate 300 are typically made of titanium (TA 1/TA 2), and the surfaces thereof are coated with a special corrosion/oxidation resistant coating such as platinum. The intermediate metallic bipolar plate 300 may be stacked in any number as desired, with corresponding additions of other cathode/anode components. The materials of the anode sealing strip 400 and the cathode sealing strip 500 can be selected from rubber materials such as silica gel, EPDM, fluororubber and the like.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit is characterized by comprising an anode current collecting plate (100), a cathode current collecting plate (200), a metal bipolar plate (300) and a membrane electrode (600), wherein the membrane electrode (600) is arranged between the anode current collecting plate (100) and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), and the membrane electrode (600) is arranged between the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) and the cathode current collecting plate (200);
water enters the anode current collecting plate (100) or/and the cathode current collecting plate (200) from a common water inlet, oxygen is generated by reaction between the anode current collecting plate (100) and the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), the oxygen is discharged from a corresponding common water outlet, hydrogen is generated by reaction between the cathode current collecting plate (200) and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), and the hydrogen is discharged from a corresponding common water outlet.
2. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 1, wherein the water gap and the gas port on the anode current collecting plate (100), the cathode current collecting plate (200) and the metal bipolar plate (300) are all arranged on the same pair of sides of the square polar plate, and sealing structures matched with the water gap and the gas port are arranged on the water gap and the gas port.
3. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 1, wherein an anode current collecting plate (100) is provided with an anode current distribution sealing supporting sheet (101) and an anode current collection sealing supporting sheet (102), and anode sealing strips (400) are respectively connected to two sides of the anode current collecting plate (100), the anode current distribution sealing supporting sheet (101), the anode current collection sealing supporting sheet (102), the anode sealing strips (400) and the membrane electrode (600) form an anode sealing cavity;
the cathode current collecting plate (200) is provided with a cathode current distribution sealing supporting plate (203) and a cathode current collection sealing supporting plate (204), two ends of the cathode current collecting plate (200) are respectively connected with a cathode sealing strip (500), and the cathode current collecting plate (200), the cathode current distribution sealing supporting plate (203), the cathode current collection sealing supporting plate (204), the cathode sealing strip (500) and the membrane electrode (600) form a cathode sealing cavity;
an anode side split flow sealing support sheet (301) and an anode side converging flow sealing support sheet (302) are arranged on the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is connected with the anode sealing strip (400), and an anode side sealing cavity is formed by the anode side of the metal bipolar plate (300), the anode side split flow sealing support sheet (301), the anode side converging flow sealing support sheet (302), the anode sealing strip (400) and the membrane electrode (600);
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with a cathode side split flow sealing supporting plate (303) and a cathode side converging flow sealing supporting plate (304), the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is connected with the cathode sealing strip (500), and the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with the cathode side split flow sealing supporting plate (303), the cathode side converging flow sealing supporting plate (304), the cathode sealing strip (500) and the membrane electrode (600) form a cathode side sealing cavity.
4. A zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 3, wherein the anode current collecting plate (100) and the metal bipolar plate (300) are identical in anode side structure, and the anode current collecting plate (100) and the metal bipolar plate (300) are respectively connected with an anode diffusion layer (700) in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the anode collecting plate (100) is provided with an anode common water inlet (105), an anode common water outlet (106), an anode reaction zone (110), an anode flow dividing zone (114) and an anode flow converging zone (115), wherein the anode common water inlet (105) is connected with one side of the anode reaction zone (110) through the anode flow dividing zone (114), and the anode common water outlet (106) is connected with the other side of the anode reaction zone (110) through the anode flow converging zone (115);
the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with an anode side common water inlet (305), an anode side common water outlet (306), an anode side reaction zone (310), an anode side split-flow zone (314) and an anode side converging zone (315) on the anode side, wherein the anode side common water inlet (305) is connected with one side of the anode side reaction zone (310) through the anode side split-flow zone (314), and the anode side common water outlet (306) is connected with the other side of the anode side reaction zone (310) through the anode side converging zone (315);
water enters the anode sealing cavity from the anode common water inlet (105), passes through the anode diversion area (114) and enters the anode side reaction area (310), meanwhile, water enters the anode side sealing cavity from the anode side common water inlet (305), passes through the anode side diversion area (314) and enters the anode side reaction area (310), water flows through a runner with a specific geometric dimension in the anode side reaction area (310) and the anode side reaction area (310), passes through the anode diffusion layer (700) and enters the corresponding reaction area of the membrane electrode (600) to react to generate oxygen, and the oxygen and unreacted water are converged by the anode converging area (115) and the anode side converging area (315) and discharged from the anode common water outlet (106) and the anode side common water outlet (306).
5. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 4, wherein the cathode current collecting plate (200) and the metal bipolar plate (300) have the same cathode side structure, and the cathode current collecting plate (200) and the metal bipolar plate (300) are respectively connected with the cathode diffusion layer (800) in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the cathode collecting plate (200) is provided with a cathode public water inlet (208), a cathode public water outlet (209), a cathode reaction zone (211), a cathode diversion zone (216) and a cathode converging zone (217), wherein the cathode public water inlet (208) is connected to one side of the cathode reaction zone (211) through the cathode diversion zone (216), and the cathode public water outlet (209) is connected to the other side of the cathode reaction zone (211) through the cathode converging zone (217);
the cathode side of the metal bipolar plate (300) is provided with a cathode side common water inlet (308), a cathode side common water outlet (309), a cathode side reaction zone (311), a cathode side split-flow zone (316) and a cathode side converging zone (317), wherein the cathode side common water inlet (308) is connected to one side of the cathode side reaction zone (311) through the cathode side split-flow zone (316), and the cathode side common water outlet (309) is connected to the other side of the cathode side reaction zone (311) through the cathode side converging zone (317);
water or/and enters the cathode sealing cavity from the cathode common water inlet (208), enters the cathode reaction zone (211) after being distributed by the cathode diversion zone (216), and enters the cathode side sealing cavity from the cathode common water inlet (208), enters the cathode side reaction zone (311) after being distributed by the cathode side diversion zone (316), and enters the reaction zone corresponding to the membrane electrode (600) from the cathode reaction zone (211) and the cathode side reaction zone (311) through flow channels with specific geometric dimensions, and reacts to generate hydrogen through the cathode diffusion layer (800), and the hydrogen and unreacted water are converged by the cathode convergence zone (217) and the cathode side convergence zone (317) and discharged from the cathode common water outlet (209) and the cathode side common water outlet (309).
6. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 5, wherein first runners (107) are respectively arranged in the anode reaction zone (110) and the anode side reaction zone (310), the first runners (107) are block-type runners or through-type runners, and the first runners (107) are matched with the anode shunting zone (114), the anode converging zone (115), the anode side shunting zone (314), the anode side converging zone (315) and the anode diffusion layer (700) respectively;
the cathode reaction zone (211) and the cathode side reaction zone (311) are respectively provided with a second runner (207), the second runner (207) is a serpentine runner or a planar runner, and the second runner (207) is respectively matched with the cathode flow distribution zone (216), the cathode flow converging zone (217), the cathode side flow distribution zone (316), the cathode side flow converging zone (317) and the cathode diffusion layer (800).
7. The zero pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 6, wherein the first runner (107) has a groove width of 0.5-2mm, a ridge width to groove width ratio of 0.8-1.2:1, and a runner depth to groove width ratio of 0.5-1:1;
the anode reaction zone (110) is 0.1-0.3mm in height from the anode mounting surface (112), the anode side reaction zone (310) is 0.1-0.3mm in height from the anode side mounting surface (312), the cathode reaction zone (211) is 0.1-0.3mm in height from the cathode mounting surface (213), and the cathode side reaction zone (311) is 0.1-0.3mm in height from the cathode side mounting surface (313).
8. The zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the anode split region (114), the anode confluence region (115), the anode side split region (314) and the anode side confluence region (315) are in a lattice or straight channel structure, and the diameters of the anode split region (114), the anode confluence region (115), the anode side split region (314) and the anode side confluence region (315) do not exceed the channel width of the first flow channel (107), the spacing between features is not less than the ridge width of the first flow channel (107);
the cathode flow distribution region (216), the cathode flow converging region (217), the cathode side flow distribution region (316) and the cathode side flow converging region (317) are in a lattice or straight channel structure, and the diameters of the cathode flow distribution region (216), the cathode flow converging region (217), the cathode side flow distribution region (316) and the cathode side flow converging region (317) are not more than the groove width of the second flow channel (207), and the distance between the features is not less than the ridge width of the second flow channel (207).
9. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 5, wherein the anode diversion area (114) and an anode diversion seal support sheet mounting area (118) are arranged between the anode reaction area (110) and the anode common water inlet (105), the top of the diversion structure of the anode diversion area (114) and the plane of the anode diversion seal support sheet mounting area (118) are at the same height, and the anode diversion seal support sheet (101) is mounted on the anode diversion seal support sheet mounting area (118);
the anode reaction zone (110) and the anode public water outlet (106) are provided with an anode converging zone (115) and an anode converging sealing support piece installation zone (119), the top of a flow dividing structure of the anode converging zone (115) and the plane of the anode converging sealing support piece installation zone (119) are positioned at the same height, and the anode converging sealing support piece installation zone (119) is provided with an anode converging sealing support piece (102);
the top plane of the anode shunt sealing support piece (101) and the anode converging sealing support piece (102) after being installed is at the same height with the anode plate sealing surface (122).
10. The zero-pitch AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit according to claim 5, wherein the cathode shunt region (216) and a cathode shunt seal support sheet mounting region (220) are arranged between the cathode reaction region (211) and the cathode common water inlet (208), the top of the shunt structure of the cathode shunt region (216) is at the same height as the plane of the cathode shunt seal support sheet mounting region (220), and the cathode shunt seal support sheet (203) is mounted on the cathode shunt seal support sheet mounting region (220);
the cathode confluence region (217) and the cathode confluence sealing support sheet mounting region (221) are arranged between the cathode reaction region (211) and the cathode public water outlet (209), the top of a diversion structure of the cathode confluence region (217) and the plane of the cathode confluence sealing support sheet mounting region (221) are positioned at the same height, and the cathode confluence sealing support sheet (204) is mounted on the cathode confluence sealing support sheet mounting region (221);
the top plane of the cathode shunt sealing support piece (203) and the cathode converging sealing support piece (204) after being installed is at the same height with the cathode plate sealing surface (223).
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| CN202410108876.1A CN117779074A (en) | 2024-01-25 | 2024-01-25 | Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit |
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| CN202410108876.1A CN117779074A (en) | 2024-01-25 | 2024-01-25 | Zero-spacing AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production unit |
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