CN117776816A - Biostimulant composition for targeted promotion of nitrogen assimilation of plants, preparation method thereof and fertilizer - Google Patents
Biostimulant composition for targeted promotion of nitrogen assimilation of plants, preparation method thereof and fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN117776816A CN117776816A CN202311791901.2A CN202311791901A CN117776816A CN 117776816 A CN117776816 A CN 117776816A CN 202311791901 A CN202311791901 A CN 202311791901A CN 117776816 A CN117776816 A CN 117776816A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biostimulant composition for targeted promotion of nitrogen assimilation of plants, a preparation method thereof and a fertilizer. The biostimulant composition targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation in plants comprises: modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances, wherein the modified humic acid side chain is grafted with carboxyl, the protein hydrolysate comprises L-shaped monomer amino acid and small peptide, and the mass ratio of the modified humic acid to the seaweed fertilizer to the protein hydrolysate to the saccharide substances is (1-5): (1-10): (1-10): (1-10), the mass ratio of L-type monomer amino acid, small peptide and saccharide is (7-30): (20-63): (30-45). The biostimulant composition can target and promote the nitrogen assimilation process of plants, improve the nitrogen utilization rate, promote the plant growth and increase the yield, has good compatibility when being mixed with other pesticides, trace elements and the like, is applicable to high-hardness water, and has wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to a biological stimulator composition for targeted promotion of nitrogen assimilation of plants, a preparation method thereof and a fertilizer.
Background
The fertilizer consumption in China far exceeds the world average level, and the pressure on the environment is continuously increased while the nitrogen is excessive to bring high energy consumption. At present, partial problems can be solved by means of slow release fertilizers, facility agriculture and the like, but the problems of limited nitrogen lifting effect, unstable effect, high cost and the like still exist. At present, the application of the biological stimulation hormone is one of important ways for greatly improving the fertilizer utilization rate in North America, europe and other countries.
The biostimulant products in the market of China are more, but the product has weak targeting effect and insignificant effect. In addition, because the agricultural water in China contains a large amount of calcium ions and magnesium ions, the hardness of the water is higher, and the water is mixed with biological hormone substances, flocculation, precipitation and other phenomena are easy to occur, so that a spray head is blocked, and unmanned aerial vehicle operation is influenced. When the unmanned plane is used for flying the biostimulation hormone product, some pesticides, medium trace elements and the like are often added, and the problems of antagonism, precipitation and the like are easy to occur due to poor mixing property of the biostimulation hormone product, so that the terminal application of the biostimulation hormone product is severely restricted. Therefore, the development of the bio-stimulatory element product with strong applicability overcomes the problems existing at present, improves the nitrogen utilization, growth promotion and yield increase of crops, and has huge market space and development potential.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. To this end, an object of the present invention is to propose a biostimulant composition targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation of plants, a method for preparing the same and a fertilizer. The biostimulant composition can target and promote the nitrogen assimilation process of plants, improve the nitrogen utilization rate, promote the plant growth and increase the yield, has good compatibility when being mixed with other pesticides, trace elements and the like, is applicable to high-hardness water, and has wide applicability.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a biostimulant composition targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation in plants. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the biostimulant composition targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation of plants comprises: the modified humic acid fertilizer comprises modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances, wherein carboxyl is grafted on a side chain of the modified humic acid, the protein hydrolysate comprises L-type monomer amino acid and small peptide, and the mass ratio of the modified humic acid to the seaweed fertilizer to the protein hydrolysate to the saccharide substances is (1-5): (1-10): (1-10): (1-10), wherein the mass ratio of the L-type monomer amino acid, the small peptide and the saccharide is (7-30): (20-63): (30-45).
The biostimulant composition for targeted promotion of nitrogen assimilation of plants according to the above-described embodiment of the invention includes modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substance. The modified humic acid side chain is grafted with carboxyl, so that the chelating capacity of the modified humic acid to metal ions is greatly improved, and the modified humic acid can adapt to various compatibility conditions, specifically, the hard water resistance of the modified humic acid can reach 50 ℃, and meanwhile, the carboxyl serving as an oxygen-containing functional group has higher activity, so that compared with the humic acid, the biological activity of the modified humic acid is greatly improved, and the absorption and utilization capacity of crops to nitrogen is remarkably improved. The four biological stimulations of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide have stimulation effect on the natural growth process of plants by mutual cooperation, and particularly can stimulate the physiological activity of the plants, improve the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the plants, improve the nutrient absorption and nitrogen assimilation capability of the plants, and do not harm the plants and the environment, thereby realizing the effects of promoting the growth, increasing the yield and the like of the plants. Meanwhile, the mass ratio of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide substances is (1-5): (1-10): (1-10): (1-10), the inventor finds that based on a certain mass of seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances, too much modified humic acid is added, which can cause soil acidification, reduce the availability of trace elements in the soil and cause leaching of nitrogen, so that the nitrogen in the soil cannot be effectively absorbed by plants, thereby affecting plant growth; too little modified humic acid is added, so that the soil fertility and soil water holding capacity are reduced, and the soil structure is influenced, thereby influencing the growth and development of plants, root growth and nutrient absorption. The mass ratio of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide is controlled within the range, so that the physiological activity of the plant can be obviously stimulated, the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the plant are improved, the nutrient absorption and nitrogen assimilation capacity of the plant are improved, the plant and the environment are not damaged, and the effects of promoting the growth, increasing the yield and the like of the plant are realized. And the mass ratio of the L-type monomer amino acid, the small peptide and the saccharide is (7-30): (20-63): (30-45), the inventor finds that under certain mass of L-type monomer amino acid and small peptide, too much sugar substance is added, which can cause overgrowth of plants, cause excessively long stems and a large number of leaves, influence the overall structure and stability of the plants, and meanwhile, too much sugar can provide nutrition sources for the growth of pathogens, thereby increasing the risk of the plants being affected by diseases, especially fungal diseases; too little sugar is added, so that the plant lacks enough energy to execute life processes such as growth, flowering, fruit development and the like, and the sugar also plays a role in regulating stress resistance of the plant, so that the stress resistance of the plant is reduced due to the lack of sugar, and the quality of the fruit is possibly reduced due to the too little sugar, so that the taste of the plant is poor. Under certain mass of small peptide and saccharide substances, the addition of too much L-type monomer amino acid can inhibit plant growth, can cause unbalance of nitrogen balance to influence the absorption and utilization of other important nutrients, and the high concentration amino acid can generate toxicity to damage cell structure and function; too little L-type monomer amino acid is added, which can affect protein synthesis, nutrient absorption of nitrogen in plants and normal metabolic process thereof, and reduce stress resistance of plants. Under certain mass of L-type monomer amino acid and saccharide substances, the small peptide is added too much, so that the growth of plants can be inhibited, the metabolic pathways of the plants are disordered, and the stress response of the plants is triggered, so that the plants are greatly influenced by the external environmental pressure; too little addition of small peptides can result in limited plant growth, many physiological processes involved in regulation can be hindered, and stress resistance is reduced. The mass ratio of L-type monomer amino acid, small peptide and saccharide substances is controlled within the range, so that plant metabolism can be remarkably enhanced, plant stress resistance and photosynthetic efficiency are improved, carbon-nitrogen balance in plants is regulated, and dry matter accumulation is increased. Therefore, the biostimulant composition can target and promote the nitrogen assimilation process of plants, improve the nitrogen utilization rate, promote the plant growth and increase the yield, has good compatibility when being mixed with other pesticides, trace elements and the like, is applicable to high-hardness water, and has wide applicability.
In addition, the biostimulant composition for targeted promotion of nitrogen assimilation in plants according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention may have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the modified humic acid comprises at least one of modified potassium humate, modified sodium humate, modified zinc humate, and modified ammonium humate. Thereby, nitrogen assimilation ability and compatibility of plants are improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the seaweed fertilizer comprises at least one of seaweed extract and seaweed vigor. Thus, the nitrogen assimilation ability of the plant can be improved and the plant growth can be promoted.
In some embodiments of the invention, the carbohydrate includes at least one of chitin, oligosaccharide, chitosan, and chitosan derivatives. Therefore, the nitrogen-carbon balance in the plant body can be regulated, and the quality and the yield of crops are improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the L-form monomeric amino acid comprises at least one of glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, proline, tryptophan, serine, tyrosine, cysteine, phenylalanine, asparagine, glutamine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and histidine, preferably at least one of glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine and proline.
In some embodiments of the invention, the small peptide comprises a small peptide of 2-5 amino acids, preferably a small peptide of 2-3 amino acids.
In some embodiments of the invention, the seaweed extract comprises at least one of alginic acid, algal polysaccharides, algal oligosaccharides, plant hormones, betaines and catalpol. Thus, the nitrogen assimilation ability of the plant can be improved and the plant growth can be promoted.
In some embodiments of the invention, the seaweed element comprises alginic acid, organic matter and potassium oxide. Thus, the nitrogen assimilation ability of the plant can be improved and the plant growth can be promoted.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the seaweed element has a mass ratio of alginic acid of not less than 30%, the organic matter of not less than 25%, the potassium oxide of not less than 18%, and the seaweed element has a pH of 5 to 7.
In a second aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a method of preparing a biostimulant composition as described above targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation in plants. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
(1) Establishing a plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation system, and determining plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation indexes;
(2) Screening of targeted nitrogen-promoting assimilation functional substances;
(3) Preparing a biostimulant composition;
(4) And detecting the application effect of the biostimulant composition according to the plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation indexes.
Therefore, the biological hormone composition for targeted promotion of nitrogen assimilation of plants, improvement of nitrogen utilization rate of plants, promotion of plant growth and yield increase can be screened by the screening method. The method is simple, scientific and accurate.
In addition, the preparation method according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the evaluation metrics of the evaluation system include a growth metric of a vegetative growth phase of the plant, a leaf nitrogen assimilation transport physiological metric, a leaf metabonomics metric, and a root system physiological metric.
In some embodiments of the invention, the growth indicators include plant height, chlorophyll relative content, functional leaf area, and fresh weight of the aerial parts.
In some embodiments of the invention, the leaf nitrogen assimilation transport physiological index comprises nitrate reductase activity and glutamine synthetase activity.
In some embodiments of the invention, the leaf metabonomics index comprises intra-and inter-group repeatability and inter-group variability, differential metabolite expression variation, and metabolic pathway enrichment results.
In some embodiments of the invention, the root system physiological index comprises root system fresh weight, root system activity and root system H + Atpase activity.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides a fertilizer. According to an embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer comprises a biostimulant composition targeted as described above for promoting nitrogen assimilation in plants. Therefore, the fertilizer can improve the nitrogen assimilation process of plants, promote the growth and development of plants, improve the yield and quality of crops, and has stable fertilizer property and wide application range.
In addition, the fertilizer according to the above embodiment of the present invention may have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the fertilizer further comprises a nitrogen fertilizer. Thereby, nitrogen assimilation process of plants can be improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the nitrogen fertilizer comprises at least one of an ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, a nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, an ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, an amide nitrogen fertilizer, and a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the nitrogen fertilizer to the biostimulant composition is (2-4): (1-4). Thereby, nitrogen assimilation process of plants can be improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, at least one of a potassium source, a zinc source, a manganese source, a boron source, and an auxiliary agent is also included. Thus, the growth of plants can be promoted, and the disease resistance of the plants can be improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the auxiliary comprises at least one of a formaldehyde inhibitor and a flight protection auxiliary. Thus, the stability and applicability of the fertilizer can be improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the biostimulant composition in the fertilizer is from 80g/L to 400g/L. Thus, the nitrogen assimilation process of the plant can be improved, and the plant growth can be promoted.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a principal component analysis chart of the present invention for the corn leaf metabonomics test of example 6;
FIG. 2 is a metabolic volcanic plot of the invention for the corn leaf metabonomics test of example 6;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the enrichment of metabolic pathways according to the present invention for the metabonomics test of maize leaves of example 6.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative of the invention and is not to be taken as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a biostimulant composition targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation in plants. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a biostimulant composition includes: modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide, wherein the modified humic acid has carboxyl grafted on the side chain, and the protein hydrolysate comprises L-type monomer amino acid and small peptide. The four biological stimulations of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide have stimulation effect on the natural growth process of plants by mutual cooperation, and particularly can stimulate the physiological activity of the plants, improve the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the plants, improve the nutrient absorption and nitrogen assimilation capability of the plants, and do not harm the plants and the environment, thereby realizing the effects of promoting the growth, increasing the yield and the like of the plants.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide substances is (1-5): (1-10): (1-10): (1-10), for example, the mass ratio is 1:1:1:1,1:5:5:5,1:10:10, 2:1:1:1,2:5:5:5,5:1:1, 5:10:10, etc. The inventor finds that based on seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances with certain mass, too much modified humic acid is added, which may cause soil acidification, reduce the availability of trace elements in the soil and cause leaching loss of nitrogen, so that the nitrogen in the soil cannot be effectively absorbed by plants, thereby affecting plant growth; too little modified humic acid is added, so that the soil fertility and soil water holding capacity are reduced, and the soil structure is influenced, thereby influencing the growth and development of plants, root growth and nutrient absorption. The mass ratio of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide is controlled within the range, so that the physiological activity of the plant can be obviously stimulated, the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the plant are improved, the nutrient absorption and nitrogen assimilation capacity of the plant are improved, the plant and the environment are not damaged, and the effects of promoting the growth, increasing the yield and the like of the plant are realized.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the L-type monomer amino acid, the small peptide and the saccharide is (7-30): (20-63): (30-45). For example, the mass ratio is 7:20:30,7:50:45, 30:20:45, 20:30:30, 20:50:45, 30:50:45, 30:63:45, etc. The inventor finds that under certain mass of L-type monomer amino acid and small peptide, too much sugar substance is added, which can cause overgrowth of plants, cause too long stems and a large number of leaves, influence the overall structure and stability of the plants, and meanwhile, too much sugar can provide nutrition sources for the growth of pathogens, thereby increasing the risk of the plants being affected by diseases, especially fungal diseases; too little sugar is added, so that the plant lacks enough energy to execute life processes such as growth, flowering, fruit development and the like, and the sugar also plays a role in regulating stress resistance of the plant, so that the stress resistance of the plant is reduced due to the lack of sugar, and the quality of the fruit is possibly reduced due to the too little sugar, so that the taste of the plant is poor. Under certain mass of small peptide and saccharide substances, the addition of too much L-type monomer amino acid can inhibit plant growth, can cause unbalance of nitrogen balance to influence the absorption and utilization of other important nutrients, and the high concentration amino acid can generate toxicity to damage cell structure and function; too little L-type monomer amino acid is added, which can affect protein synthesis, nutrient absorption of nitrogen in plants and normal metabolic process thereof, and reduce stress resistance of plants. Under certain mass of L-type monomer amino acid and saccharide substances, the small peptide is added too much, so that the growth of plants can be inhibited, the metabolic pathways of the plants are disordered, and the stress response of the plants is triggered, so that the plants are greatly influenced by the external environmental pressure; too little addition of small peptides can result in limited plant growth, many physiological processes involved in regulation can be hindered, and stress resistance is reduced. The mass ratio of L-type monomer amino acid, small peptide and saccharide substances is controlled within the range, so that plant metabolism can be remarkably enhanced, plant stress resistance and photosynthetic efficiency are improved, carbon-nitrogen balance in plants is regulated, and dry matter accumulation is increased.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the modified humic acid side chain is grafted with carboxyl, and specifically, the principle of the humic acid grafted carboxylic acid is as follows:side chain-CH of humic acid 2 One hydrogen on the modified humic acid is abstracted by a free radical to become an active site, carboxylic acid can be grafted, and after the carboxylic acid is grafted, the chelating capacity of the modified humic acid on metal ions is greatly improved, for example, the chelating capacity of the modified humic acid on calcium ions is as follows:Specifically, the hard water resistance of the modified humic acid can reach 50 degrees, so that the modified humic acid can adapt to various compatibility conditions, and the products are prevented from generating precipitation, flocculation and the like. Meanwhile, the carboxyl has higher activity as an oxygen-containing functional group, so that compared with humic acid, the biological activity of the modified humic acid is greatly improved, and the absorption and utilization capacity of crops on nitrogen is obviously improved. Further, the modified humic acid comprises modified humicAt least one of potassium acid, modified sodium humate, modified zinc humate and modified ammonium humate.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the seaweed fertilizer is rich in active substances for promoting plant growth, can be used as biofertilizer, soil regulator and biostimulant to act on soil and plants, is beneficial to gel formation when acting on soil, maintains the water retention and air permeability of the soil, and meanwhile, the polyanion compound rich in the seaweed fertilizer is beneficial to fixation and exchange of cations, fixation of heavy metals and restoration of the soil, and promotes plant growth by inhibiting bacteria and germs, and when acting on plants, the seaweed fertilizer not only provides nutrients, but also provides hormone-like active substances, stimulates cell division and plant growth and development, and further promotes the assimilation of nitrogen by plants.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the seaweed fertilizer comprises at least one of seaweed extract and seaweed vitality element. Further, the seaweed extract comprises at least one of alginic acid, algal polysaccharide, algal oligosaccharide, plant hormone, betaine and catalpol. The seaweed vitality element comprises alginic acid, organic matters and potassium oxide. Specifically, the mass ratio of alginic acid in the seaweed active element is not less than 30%, the mass ratio of organic matters is not less than 25%, the mass ratio of potassium oxide is not less than 18%, and the pH of the seaweed active element is 5-7.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the L-type monomer amino acid and the small peptide are absorbed and transported through the root of the plant, so that the metabolism and the physiological and biochemical reactions of the plant can be regulated, the seed germination and the root system development are promoted, the absorption and the transportation of the plant to nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are further promoted, the nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency of the plant is improved, the growth and the yield of the plant are improved, and the yield of crops is improved. Further, the L-form monomeric amino acids include at least one of glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, proline, tryptophan, serine, tyrosine, cysteine, phenylalanine, asparagine, glutamine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and histidine, preferably at least one of glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine and proline; the small peptide includes a small peptide composed of 2 to 5 amino acids, preferably a small peptide composed of 2 to 3 amino acids.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the carbohydrate has an important role in the life cycle of plants, is used as a respiration substrate to provide energy for the growth and development of the plants, adjusts the carbon-nitrogen balance in the plants, can improve the nutrient absorption by increasing the permeability of plant cells, promotes the root development, improves the photosynthesis of the plants, adjusts the growth of the crops and induces the disease resistance of the plants, and can assist the plants to inhibit pathogenic bacteria in the soil, so that the soil aggregate structure can be effectively improved, and the yield and quality of the crops are improved. Further, the carbohydrate substance includes at least one of chitin, oligosaccharide, chitosan and chitosan derivatives.
Therefore, the biostimulant composition can target and promote the nitrogen assimilation process of plants, improve the nitrogen utilization rate, promote the plant growth and increase the yield, has good compatibility when being mixed with other pesticides, trace elements and the like, is applicable to high-hardness water, and has wide applicability.
In a second aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a method of preparing a biostimulant composition as described above targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation in plants. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
S100: establishing a plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation system
In the step, based on a great amount of research work which is developed in the earlier stage of the inventor in the aspects of plant nitrogen absorption assimilation, transportation, utilization and the like, the screening of plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization evaluation indexes is completed, and the plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation indexes are determined.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the evaluation indexes of the evaluation system comprise a growth index of a plant in a vegetative growth period, a physiological index of leaf nitrogen assimilation and transport, a leaf metabonomics index and a root system physiological index. Further, the growth indicators include plant height, chlorophyll relative content, functional leaf area and fresh weight of the aerial parts. The physiological indicators of leaf nitrogen assimilation transport include nitrate reductase activity and glutamine synthetase activity. Leaf metabonomics index packageIncluding intra-and inter-group variability, differential metabolite expression variability, and metabolic pathway enrichment results. The physiological indexes of the root system comprise the fresh weight of the root system, the activity of the root system and the H of the root system + Atpase activity.
S200: screening of targeted nitrogen-promoting assimilation functional substances
In the step, biological hormones targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation function of plants are screened, four major types of biological hormones including humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances are mainly determined based on early-stage research and experiments, the humic acid is further subjected to functional modification, compatibility and functional activity of the humic acid are improved, and the four major types of biological hormones are proportioned and designed to form a biological stimulator combined formula.
S300: preparation of biostimulant compositions
In this step, a biostimulant composition is prepared according to the biostimulant combination formulation formed in S200.
S400: application effective detection of biostimulant composition
In this step, the biostimulant composition prepared in S300 is sprayed onto leaves in the plant growth period (for example, corn small-flare to large-flare period) once. The effect of the biostimulant composition is detected according to plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation indexes (growth indexes of plant vegetative growth period, leaf nitrogen assimilation and transport physiological indexes, leaf metabonomics indexes and root system physiological indexes).
Therefore, the biological hormone composition for promoting plant nitrogen assimilation in a targeted manner, improving the plant nitrogen utilization rate, promoting plant growth and increasing yield can be prepared by the preparation method, and the method is simple, scientific and accurate.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides a fertilizer. According to an embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer comprises a biostimulant composition targeted as described above for promoting nitrogen assimilation in plants. Therefore, the fertilizer can improve the nitrogen assimilation process of plants, promote the growth and development of plants, improve the yield and quality of crops, and has stable fertilizer property and wide application range. It should be noted that the features and advantages described above for the composition of biostimulant targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation in plants apply equally to the fertilizer and are not described in detail here.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer further comprises a nitrogen fertilizer. The inventors have found that by adding nitrogen fertilizer, the nitrogen source required for plant growth can be provided. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the nitrogen fertilizer is a conventional source in the art and that the skilled artisan will choose depending on the actual application, for example, the nitrogen fertilizer comprises at least one of an ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, a nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, an ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, an amide nitrogen fertilizer and a slow release nitrogen fertilizer, preferably a slow release nitrogen fertilizer.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizer to the biological stimulating hormone composition is (2-4): (1-4), for example, the mass ratio is 2:1,2:2,2:4,3:1,3:2,3:4,4:1,4:2,4:3, etc. The inventor finds that the mass ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizer to the biostimulant composition in the fertilizer is controlled to be (2-4): (1-4) can promote the reproductive growth of crops, promote root development, improve the yield and quality and improve the stress resistance of crops.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer also comprises at least one of a potassium source, a zinc source, a manganese source, a boron source and an auxiliary agent, so that other nutrient elements can be provided for plants, the growth of the plants is promoted, and the disease resistance of the plants is improved. Further, the auxiliary agent includes at least one of a formaldehyde inhibitor and a flight protection auxiliary agent, for example, the formaldehyde inhibitor includes at least one of, but is not limited to, a methanol formaldehyde inhibitor, a polyvinyl formal inhibitor, and a polyvinyl acetate formaldehyde inhibitor; the flight aid includes, but is not limited to, at least one of surfactants, oil aids, polymers, phospholipids, and inorganic salts. Therefore, the formaldehyde polymerization inhibitor can enhance the storage stability of the liquid fertilizer at low temperature and does not agglomerate; the flight protection auxiliary agent can ensure that fertilizer fogdrops adhere to the leaf surfaces of crops when the unmanned aerial vehicle works, and improves the expansion, permeation and absorption capacities of the fertilizer.
According to embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the bio-stimulatory composition in the fertilizer is 80g/L to 400g/L, such as 80g/L,100g/L,150g/L,200g/L,250g/L,300g/L,350g/L,400g/L, etc. The inventor finds that the concentration of the biological stimulation hormone composition in the fertilizer is controlled to be 80 g/L-400 g/L, so that the growth of plants can be promoted, the quality of the plants can be improved, the plant retrogradation resistance can be improved, and the yield can be increased.
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting in any way.
Example 1
Biostimulant composition: mixing 0.05kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.1kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.1kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.05kg of small peptide consisting of 2-3 amino acids) and 0.1kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
The modified potassium humate is purchased from Xinyixin chemical Co., ltd; the seaweed vitality element is purchased from Shandong sea Biotechnology Co., ltd, is a full water-soluble brown yellow powder, and comprises: alginic acid accounting for 30wt% (carbazole method); the organic matters account for 25wt%; potassium oxide accounts for 18wt%; the pH is 6; l-type monomeric amino acids include glutamine, lysine, arginine, phenylalanine, threonine, and phenylalanine.
Example 2
The main differences between example 2 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: mixing 0.01kg of modified humic acid (potassium modified humic acid), 0.1kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed active element), 0.01kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.005kg of small peptide consisting of 2-3 amino acids) and 0.01kg of saccharide substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
Example 3
The main differences between example 3 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: mixing 0.03kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.06kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.05kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.025kg, small peptide composed of 2-3 amino acids 0.025 kg) and 0.05kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
Example 4
The main differences between example 4 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: mixing 0.04kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.04kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed active element), 0.1kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.05kg, small peptide composed of 2-3 amino acids 0.05 kg) and 0.1kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
Example 5
The main differences between example 5 and example 1 are: the seaweed fertilizer used in example 5 was seaweed extract, specifically comprising 35% by weight of seaweed polysaccharide, 35% by weight of alginic acid and 30% by weight of seaweed oligosaccharide.
Example 6
(1) And (3) preparation of a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer: mixing urea and ammonia water, regulating the pH value to 11, controlling the internal temperature of a reaction kettle to be 100 ℃ by adopting a steam heating mode, stirring at a rotating speed of 1000r/min, and cooling to 60 ℃ after the reaction is carried out for 6 hours to synthesize the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer;
(2) The biostimulant composition was the same as in example 1;
(3) Mixing and stirring 0.2kg of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer obtained in the step (1), 0.1kg of potassium source (monopotassium phosphate), 3g of formaldehyde polymerization inhibitor and 12g of flight protection auxiliary agent with the biostimulant composition obtained in the step (2) for 2h to obtain the fertilizer containing the biostimulant composition.
Example 7
(1) And (3) preparation of a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer: mixing urea and ammonia water, regulating the pH value to 8, controlling the internal temperature of a reaction kettle to be 70 ℃ by adopting a steam heating mode, stirring at a rotating speed of 1000r/min, and cooling to 40 ℃ after the reaction is carried out for 0.5h to synthesize the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer;
(2) The biostimulant composition was the same as in example 2;
(3) And (3) mixing and stirring 0.2kg of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer obtained in the step (1), 0.15kg of potassium source (monopotassium phosphate), 1.2g of formaldehyde polymerization inhibitor, 4.8g of auxiliary agent and the biostimulant composition obtained in the step (2) for 0.5h to obtain the fertilizer containing the biostimulant composition.
Example 8
(1) And (3) preparation of a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer: mixing urea and ammonia water, regulating the pH value to 9, controlling the internal temperature of a reaction kettle at 85 ℃ in a steam heating mode, stirring at a rotating speed of 1000r/min, reacting for 3 hours, and cooling to 55 ℃ to synthesize the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer;
(2) The biostimulant composition was the same as in example 3;
(3) And (3) mixing and stirring 0.2kg of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer obtained in the step (1), 0.15kg of potassium source (monopotassium phosphate), 0.2g of formaldehyde polymerization inhibitor, 0.8g of flight protection auxiliary agent and the biostimulant composition obtained in the step (2) for 1.5h to obtain the fertilizer containing the biostimulant composition.
Example 9
(1) And (3) preparation of a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer: mixing urea and ammonia water, regulating the pH value to 10, controlling the internal temperature of a reaction kettle to 90 ℃ by adopting a steam heating mode, stirring at a rotating speed of 1000r/min, reacting for 4 hours, and cooling to 45 ℃ to synthesize the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer;
(2) The biostimulant composition was the same as in example 4;
(3) And (3) mixing and stirring 0.2kg of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer obtained in the step (1), 0.1kg of potassium source (monopotassium phosphate), 2g of formaldehyde polymerization inhibitor, 8g of flight protection auxiliary agent and the biostimulant composition obtained in the step (2) for 2 hours to obtain the fertilizer containing the biostimulant composition.
Example 10
The main differences between example 10 and example 1 are:
Biostimulant composition: mixing 0.05kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.01kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.01kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.005kg, small peptide composed of 2-3 amino acids 0.005 kg) and 0.01kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
Example 11
The main differences between example 11 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: mixing 0.01kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.1kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.1kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.05kg, small peptide consisting of 2-3 amino acids 0.05 kg) and 0.1kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
Example 12
The main differences between example 12 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: 0.05kg of modified humic acid (modified potassium humate), 0.1kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.07kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.007kg, small peptide 0.063kg composed of 2-3 amino acids) and 0.03kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide) are mixed, added with water to 1L and stirred uniformly, thus obtaining the biostimulant composition product.
Example 13
The main differences between example 13 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: mixing 0.05kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.1kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.05kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.03kg, small peptide consisting of 2-3 amino acids 0.02 kg) and 0.03kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
Comparative example 1
The main differences between comparative example 1 and example 6 are: comparative example 1 was free of modified potassium humate.
Comparative example 2
The main difference between comparative example 2 and example 6 is that comparative example 2 has no seaweed fertilizer added.
Comparative example 3
The main differences between comparative example 3 and example 6 are: comparative example 3 did not add protein hydrolysate.
Comparative example 4
The main differences between comparative example 4 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: 0.005kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.12kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.12kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.06kg of small peptide consisting of 2-3 amino acids) and 0.12kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide) are mixed, added with water to 1L and stirred uniformly, thus obtaining the biostimulant composition product.
Comparative example 5
The main differences between comparative example 5 and example 1 are:
Biostimulant composition: 0.57kg of modified humic acid (modified potassium humate), 0.086kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.086kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.043kg, small peptide 0.043kg composed of 2-3 amino acids) and 0.086kg of saccharide substance (chitosan oligosaccharide) are mixed, added with water to 1L and stirred uniformly, thus obtaining the biostimulant composition product.
Comparative example 6
The main differences between comparative example 6 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: mixing 0.05kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.1kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.023kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.005kg, small peptide 0.018kg composed of 2-3 amino acids) and 0.05kg of sugar substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
Comparative example 7
The main differences between comparative example 7 and example 1 are:
biostimulant composition: mixing 0.05kg of modified humic acid (potassium humate), 0.1kg of seaweed fertilizer (seaweed vitality element), 0.1kg of protein hydrolysate (L-shaped monomer amino acid 0.035kg, small peptide 0.065kg composed of 2-3 amino acids) and 0.025kg of saccharide substance (chitosan oligosaccharide), adding water to 1L, and stirring uniformly to obtain the biostimulant composition product.
The performance of the biostimulant compositions prepared in examples 1-5, examples 10-13 and comparative examples 4-7, the fertilizers prepared in examples 6-9 and the fertilizers prepared in comparative examples 1-3 were determined. The biostimulant compositions prepared in examples 1-5, examples 10-13, and comparative examples 4-7, and the fertilizers prepared in examples 6-9 and comparative examples 1-3 are hereinafter collectively referred to as target products.
Test materials: the soil is selected from the soil of Mei Buda fields in the east of the Yi-city river, and is screened to remove large stones and sundries. The test corn variety was Zheng Dan 958. The test was carried out in a greenhouse of a research and development center of agriculture (Linyi) in 2021, 5 months to 2021, 11 months. The test is carried out by potting, and each pot is filled with 20kg of soil.
Selecting 630 corn seedlings with consistent growth vigor, wherein a control group (without using any product) comprises 30 pots; 30 pots for each example and each comparative example (examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-7) (the treatment was applied once to the target product during the corn small horn mouth period) for a total of 630 pots for 21 treatments. After the target product is diluted by 30 times, the diluted target product is uniformly sprayed on each corn leaf so that the corn leaf is completely wetted. Watering is properly carried out according to the soil humidity in the basin in the growing period. Carrying out leaf nitrogen assimilation transport physiological indexes (nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase) after spraying a target product for 3 days, carrying out leaf metabonomics detection, and carrying out corn growth index plant height, functional leaf area, fresh weight measurement of overground parts, SPAD, fresh weight measurement of root systems and physiological index measurement of root systems after spraying for 7 days; corn yield index determination was performed during the harvest period.
Method for measuring various indexes
And (3) measuring a growth index: after the target product is sprayed for 7d, taking corn plants to measure SPAD, plant height, functional leaf area, fresh weight of overground parts and fresh weight of roots (wherein the roots to be measured are cleaned by tap water and deionized water and are used for measuring after floating water is sucked by water absorption paper).
Measuring root system physiological indexes: after 7d of spraying the target product, tender root tips (< 2 cm) are taken for root system activity measurement. The method is carried out by adopting a TTC method, and comprises the following steps of: 0.5g of root tip was weighed, 0.4wt% TTC solution and 5mL of each of (1/15) mol/L phosphate buffer solution were sequentially added, and mixed well, and the root tip sections were completely immersed in the above reaction solution, and placed in an incubator at 37℃for dark culture for 2 hours, to develop color (red) of the root tip sections. Putting the developed root tip section into a test tube with a plug scale, adding 10mL of methanol to enable the root tip section to be completely immersed into the methanol, then putting the test tube into an incubator at 37 ℃ to enable the root tip section to be completely whitened, colorizing by a spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 485nm, measuring absorbance by taking a blank test as a reference, and obtaining the reduction amount of tetrazole in the extracting solution based on a standard curve.
Leaf physiological index determination
Nitrate reductase activity assay: detection was performed using the Beijing Boxbio company Nitrate Reductase (NR) activity detection kit.
Glutamine synthetase Activity assay: the detection was performed using the detection kit for Glutamine Synthetase (GS) activity from Boxbio, beijing.
Metabonomics detection: after 3 days of selecting and spraying the target product, the third leaves are counted from the upper part, and the materials are uniformly and rapidly obtained. Cutting the sample into 1-2mm 2 Small blocks are accurately weighed and then are put into a precooled centrifuge tube, the cover is screwed up, and the liquid nitrogen is quickly frozen for more than 5 minutes. Or wrapping the sample with clean tinfoil paper (after accurate weighing), quick-freezing with liquid nitrogen for more than 5min, placing the packaged sample into a self-sealing bag, clearly marking the name of the sample, preserving in a refrigerator at-80 ℃, detecting by using an LC-MS instrument, and carrying out data processing analysis by using a non-targeted metabolism interactive data platform.
Data analysis: the data were processed and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007, DPS, and Mejibio-non-targeted metabolic interactive data platform.
The measurements of each index of the maize of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-7 were as follows:
the effects of the target products of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-7 on SPAD values, plant heights, functional leaf areas, and fresh weight of the aerial parts of corn are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the target products of 13 examples affect the SPAD value, plant height, functional leaf area and fresh weight of the overground part of corn at different degrees, and the growth of corn plants is promoted by integrating various indexes. Compared with the control, the corn of examples 1-13 respectively improves SPAD values by 8.55%, 5.41%, 7.26%, 7.01%, 7.29%, 15.56%, 9.63%, 9.54%, 14.53%, 4.69%, 4.45%, 3.82% and 3.33% after being sprayed for 7 days, and the difference is obvious compared with the control; the SPAD values of comparative examples 1 to 7 were increased by 2.44%, 2.09%, 1.80%, 3.05%, 1.85%, 2.65% and 2.6%, respectively, and the differences were significant. Examples 1 to 13 showed significant differences in plant heights of 3.50%, 2.69%, 2.79%, 4.02%, 3.47%, 7.72%, 4.17%, 4.74%, 6.23%, 2.49%, 1.88%, 1.63%, and 1.55%, respectively, compared with the control; comparative examples 1 to 7 were found to have significant differences by increasing plant heights by 0.89%, 0.68%, 0.45%, 1.40%, 1.18%, 1.15%, and 1.54%, respectively. Examples 1-13 increased functional leaf area by 1.79%, 1.45%, 1.53%, 1.45%, 1.61%, 3.21%, 2.34%, 2.47%, 2.56%, 1.37%, 1.33%, 1.30%, 1.25%, respectively, and increased above-ground fresh weight by 3.40%, 3.45%, 3.54%, 3.63%, 3.23%, 6.90%, 4.14%, 4.18%, 6.15%, 2.88%, 2.69%, 2.66%, 2.49%, respectively, all significantly different than the control; comparative examples 1 to 7 were significantly different from the control by increasing the functional leaf area by 1.09%, 0.86%, 0.63%, 1.24%, 1.22%, 1.14%, 1.13%, and by increasing the fresh weight of the aerial parts by 2.42%, 1.81%, 1.21%, 2.48%, 2.45%, 2.49%, 2.45%, respectively. The same growth phase control and treatment with different letters in table 1 represent significant differences (p < 0.05). As can be seen from comparative examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-3, the effects of the target products of examples 1-13 on SPAD value, plant height, functional leaf area and fresh weight of the aerial parts of corn are significantly improved compared with those of comparative examples 1-3, which shows that the effect of combining modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances to form the biostimulant composition is optimal. Meanwhile, the target products of examples 1-13 have better effects on SPAD values, plant heights, functional leaf areas and fresh weights of overground parts of corns than comparative examples 4-7, which shows that the biological hormone composition formed by controlling the mass ratio of modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances and the mass ratio of L-type monomer amino acid, small peptide and saccharide substances in a certain range has better effects.
The results of the effect of the target products of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-7 on leaf nitrogen assimilation (nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase) of corn are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Numbering device | Nitrate reductase Activity (IU/g) | Glutamine synthetase Activity (IU/g) |
| Control (CK) | 2.282b | 10.91b |
| Example 1 | 2.823a | 17.58a |
| Example 2 | 2.568a | 14.69a |
| Example 3 | 2.529a | 15.58a |
| Example 4 | 2.618a | 15.72a |
| Example 5 | 2.719a | 16.59a |
| Example 6 | 3.148a | 19.84a |
| Example 7 | 2.699a | 14.98a |
| Example 8 | 2.822a | 17.53a |
| Example 9 | 2.943a | 17.88a |
| Example 10 | 2.512a | 14.23a |
| Example 11 | 2.494a | 14.08a |
| Example 12 | 2.487a | 13.99a |
| Example 13 | 2.482a | 13.89a |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.326a | 12.71a |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.305a | 11.52a |
| Comparative example 3 | 2.301a | 11.29a |
| Comparative example 4 | 2.464a | 13.60a |
| Comparative example 5 | 2.441a | 13.42a |
| Comparative example 6 | 2.398a | 13.21a |
| Comparative example 7 | 2.365a | 12.99a |
As can be seen from Table 2, the nitrate reductase activity in corn leaves was significantly affected after the application of the target product. The target products of examples 1-13 increased nitrate reductase activity by about 23.71%, 12.53%, 10.82%, 14.72%, 19.15%, 37.95%, 18.27%, 23.66%, 28.97%, 10.08%, 9.29%, 8.98%, 8.76% compared to the control, and the differences were significant; comparative examples 1 to 7 showed significant differences in nitrate reductase activity of about 1.93%, 1.01%, 0.83%, 7.98%, 6.97%, 5.08%, and 3.64% from the control. After application of the target product, the glutamine synthetase activity in corn leaves is obviously influenced, and compared with a control, examples 1-13 improve the glutamine synthetase activity by about 61.14%, 34.65%, 42.8%, 44.09%, 52.06%, 81.85%, 37.31%, 60.68%, 63.89%, 30.43%, 29.06%, 28.23% and 27.31% and have obvious differences; the combination of substances in comparative examples 1 to 7 increased glutamine synthetase activities by about 16.50%, 5.59%, 3.48%, 24.66%, 23.01%, 21.08%, 19.07%, which were significantly different from the control. Comparative examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 3 show that the combination effect of the four substances of modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substance is optimal in terms of the influence on leaf nitrogen assimilation (nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase) of corn. And the effect of examples 1-13 is relatively better than that of comparative examples 4-7, which shows that the effect of controlling the mass ratio of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the carbohydrate is better than that of the biological hormone composition formed by controlling the mass ratio of the L-type monomer amino acid, the small peptide and the carbohydrate within a certain range.
The effect of the target products of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-7 on the root system of corn is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Compared with the control, the application of the target product promotes the development of the root system, increases the fresh weight of the root system, and simultaneously improves the activity of the root system and the activity of H+ -ATPase of the root system, thereby improving the nutrient absorption capacity of the root system of crops. As can be seen from table 3, the application of the target product can increase the fresh weight of corn root system compared with the control, examples 1 to 13 can respectively increase 15.50%, 7.98%, 10.00%, 12.56%, 13.07%, 18.55%, 10.67%, 12.74%, 15.68%, 7.86%, 7.58%, 7.37%, 6.67%, and the difference is significant; the comparative examples 1-7 can increase the fresh weight of corn by 2.41%, 2.16%, 2.12%, 5.4%, 4.14%, 3.07%, 2.56%, which are all significantly different from the control. Examples 1-13 can respectively improve the corn root system vitality by 24.06%, 18.84%, 20.58%, 21.74%, 22.03%, 30.72%, 23.19%, 19.42%, 26.96%, 14.78%, 15.65%, 14.49% and 15.36%, and the difference is obvious; the corn root system activity of the comparative examples 1-7 can be improved by 9.86%, 8.99%, 6.67%, 13.33%, 11.30%, 12.46% and 11.01%, and the difference is obvious compared with the control. Examples 1-13 can respectively improve the H+ -ATPase activity of the corn root system 73.55%, 49.32%, 51.58%, 59.22%, 64.56%, 101.60%,72.93%, 71.26%, 79.90%, 46.14%, 45.15%, 44.59%, 43.73%, and the difference is obvious; the comparison examples 1-7 can improve the H+ -ATPase activity of the corn root system by 26.98%, 25.59%, 24.86%, 30.95%, 30.16%, 27.87% and 27.77%, and the difference is obvious compared with the comparison example. Comparative examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 3 show that the combination effect of the four substances of modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substance is optimal in promoting root system development. As is clear from comparative examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 4 to 7, the biological hormone composition formed by controlling the mass ratio of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide is better in the control of the mass ratio of the L-type monomeric amino acid, the small peptide and the saccharide within a certain range.
The effect of the target products of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-3 on nitrogen absorption in corn is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
As can be seen from Table 4, examples 1 to 13 each increased the total nitrogen content in corn by 14.59%, 9.51%, 10.89%, 14.27%, 13.85%, 16.97%, 10.41%, 12.63%, 15.59%, 8.40%, 6.50%, 4.39%, 3.70% as compared with the control, and the difference was significant; the comparative examples 1-7 can improve the total nitrogen content in corn by 2.01%, 1.06%, 0.48%, 3.33%, 3.12%, 2.64% and 2.38%, and the difference is obvious compared with the control. The absorption, assimilation and transportation of nitrogen are promoted through early targeting, the absorption of root systems to nutrients is improved, and the total nitrogen accumulation in the corn body is finally promoted; the effect of the target product on corn yield is measured by a manager, and compared with a control, the corn final yield can be improved by 12.4%, 3.76%, 5.72%, 9.8%, 2.61%, 15.69%, 6.86%, 10.62%, 14.05%, 3.27%, 2.61%, 1.80% and 1.63% in examples 1-13 respectively, and the difference is obvious compared with the control; comparative examples 1-7 increased the final corn yield by 0.82%, 0.49%, 1.31%, 1.14%, 0.98% and all significantly different from the control. The target product has obvious promoting effect on the final yield of corn. Comparative examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 3 show that the combination effect of the four compounds of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide is optimal in terms of the influence on the in vivo nitrogen absorption of corn. As is clear from comparative examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 4 to 7, the biological hormone composition formed by controlling the mass ratio of the modified humic acid, the seaweed fertilizer, the protein hydrolysate and the saccharide is better in the control of the mass ratio of the L-type monomeric amino acid, the small peptide and the saccharide within a certain range.
Influence of the target product on the corn Metabolic pathway
And performing metabonomics analysis on the target product passing through the threshold value, and comparing the result with a control, the application of the target product can target and regulate the nitrogen metabolic pathway in the plant body, so that the biosynthesis of a key metabolite glutamine substances on the nitrogen metabolic pathway is improved. The best effect of example 6 was obtained according to plant growth index, leaf physiological index and root physiological index, so that leaf metabonomics detection and analysis were performed on corn of example 6. As can be seen from fig. 1, the principal component PCA plot shows intra-group repeatability and inter-group variability. The inter-group sample distance reflects the similarity of the metabolic patterns of the samples, with the inter-group differences being greater than the intra-group differences. The contribution values of PC1 and PC2 were 26.8% and 17.8%, respectively. The difference of metabolites in corn body is obvious after the target product is used compared with the control. As can be seen from fig. 2, the abscissa of the metabolic volcanic chart is the fold change value of the metabolite expression difference, the larger the expression difference is, the more remarkable the larger the expression difference is, and the ordinate is the statistical test value of the metabolite expression change difference, and the higher the expression difference is, the more remarkable the expression difference is. Analysis shows that compared with a control, the application of the target product can improve glutamine substances in corn, and the difference is obvious. From the metabolic pathway enrichment graph of fig. 3, it can be seen that administration of the target product is mainly targeted to regulate nitrogen metabolic pathway, amino acid biosynthesis in corn body significantly and further affects downstream citric acid circulation pathway compared to control.
The corn small horn mouth period application target product can promote the growth of corn plants, improve the activity of the root systems of the corn plants and the activity of H+ -ATPase of the root systems, and enhance the absorption capacity of the root systems to nutrients. The use of the target product improves the SPAD value of corn leaves, enhances the photosynthesis of corn, promotes the activities of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase which are key enzymes related to nitrogen absorption and conversion, and promotes the absorption and conversion of nitrogen. Meanwhile, the target product can perform targeted regulation and control on the nitrogen metabolic pathway in crops, and the transportation and assimilation of nitrogen can be regulated and controlled by improving the biosynthesis of key metabolic substances such as glutamine substances on the nitrogen metabolic pathway. The target product can target and promote the nitrogen assimilation process of corn, improve the nitrogen utilization efficiency, and has the effects of plant growth promotion, yield increase and the like.
Stability test of biostimulant compositions of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1, the specific method is as follows: after the biostimulation compositions of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1 were stored at normal temperature for 14 days, the stability of the products was observed. The specific results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5
As can be seen from the data in table 5, the biostimulant composition of the present application is excellent in stability, and after being left for a long period of time, no solids precipitation occurs, and no change in nutrient elements occurs, thereby ensuring the stability of the efficacy of the biostimulant composition. Compatibility stability test of biostimulant compositions of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1 were performed as follows: the biological hormones of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were diluted 25-fold in combination and subjected to tank mix experiments with pesticides, and evaluated by a Turboiscan multiple light stability Analyzer, and the results are expressed as TSI (Turboiscan stability index). The instrument sets the following conditions, and the measurement time is 30min; the scanning rate is every 30s; the temperature was 30 ℃. The specific results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6
| Numbering device | TSI (integral) 30min30s30 DEG C |
| Example 1 | 4.1 |
| Example 2 | 4.3 |
| Example 3 | 4.8 |
| Example 4 | 4.6 |
| Comparative example 1 | 15.8 |
As can be seen from Table 6, the addition of modified potassium humate can reduce the TSI value. A high TSI value indicates that the sample is unstable and a low TSI value indicates that the sample is stable. Therefore, the result shows that the modified potassium humate can obviously improve the compatibility of barrel mixing dilution of each component in the target product and reduce flocculation precipitation.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A biostimulant composition targeted to promote nitrogen assimilation in a plant, comprising: the modified humic acid fertilizer comprises modified humic acid, seaweed fertilizer, protein hydrolysate and saccharide substances, wherein carboxyl is grafted on a side chain of the modified humic acid, the protein hydrolysate comprises L-type monomer amino acid and small peptide, and the mass ratio of the modified humic acid to the seaweed fertilizer to the protein hydrolysate to the saccharide substances is (1-5): (1-10): (1-10): (1-10), wherein the mass ratio of the L-type monomer amino acid, the small peptide and the saccharide is (7-30): (20-63): (30-45).
2. The biostimulant composition of claim 1, wherein said modified humic acid comprises at least one of modified potassium humate, modified sodium humate, modified zinc humate, and modified ammonium humate;
optionally, the seaweed fertilizer comprises at least one of seaweed extract and seaweed vitality element;
Optionally, the carbohydrate comprises at least one of chitin, oligosaccharide, chitosan, and chitosan derivatives;
optionally, the L-form monomeric amino acid comprises at least one of glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, proline, tryptophan, serine, tyrosine, cysteine, phenylalanine, asparagine, glutamine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, arginine and histidine, preferably at least one of glycine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, alanine and proline;
optionally, the small peptide comprises 2-5 amino acids, preferably 2-3 amino acids.
3. Biostimulant composition according to claim 2, characterized in that said seaweed extract comprises at least one of alginic acid, algal polysaccharide, algal oligosaccharide, phytohormone, betaine and catalpol;
optionally, the seaweed vitality element comprises alginic acid, organic matters and potassium oxide;
optionally, the mass ratio of alginic acid in the seaweed active element is not less than 30%, the mass ratio of organic matters is not less than 25%, the mass ratio of potassium oxide is not less than 18%, and the pH of the seaweed active element is 5-7.
4. A method of preparing a biostimulant composition according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising:
(1) Establishing a plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation system, and determining plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation indexes;
(2) Screening of targeted nitrogen-promoting assimilation functional substances;
(3) Preparing a biostimulant composition;
(4) And detecting the application effect of the biostimulant composition according to the plant nitrogen assimilation and nitrogen utilization effect evaluation indexes.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in step (1), the evaluation system comprises a growth index of a plant in a vegetative growth phase, a leaf nitrogen assimilation transport physiological index, a leaf metabonomics index, and a root system physiological index;
optionally, the growth indicators include plant height, chlorophyll relative content, functional leaf area, and aboveground fresh weight;
optionally, the leaf nitrogen assimilation transport physiological indicators comprise nitrate reductase activity and glutamine synthetase activity;
optionally, the leaf metabonomics index comprises intra-group repeatability and inter-group variability, metabolite expression differential variation, and metabolic pathway enrichment results;
optionally, the root system physiological index comprises root system fresh weight, root system activity and root system H + Atpase activity.
6. A fertiliser comprising a biostimulant composition according to any one of claims 1-3.
7. The fertilizer of claim 6, further comprising a nitrogen fertilizer.
8. The fertilizer of claim 7, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer comprises at least one of an ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, a nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, an ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, an amide nitrogen fertilizer, and a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer;
optionally, the mass ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizer to the biostimulant composition is (2-4): (1-4).
9. The fertilizer of claim 6 or 7, further comprising at least one of a potassium source, a zinc source, a manganese source, a boron source, and an auxiliary agent;
optionally, the auxiliary comprises at least one of a formaldehyde inhibitor and a flight protection auxiliary.
10. The fertilizer of claim 6, wherein said biostimulant composition is present in said fertilizer at a concentration of 80g/L to 400g/L.
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| CN109984149A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 许传高 | A method of biostimulant is prepared using amino acid fermentation tail washings |
| CN111747792A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-09 | 轩凯生物科技(山东)有限公司 | Microbial source combined biological stimulator and application thereof |
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| CN115772047A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-10 | 沈阳化工研究院有限公司 | Multi-effect compound microbial source biological stimulator and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109984149A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 许传高 | A method of biostimulant is prepared using amino acid fermentation tail washings |
| CN111747792A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-09 | 轩凯生物科技(山东)有限公司 | Microbial source combined biological stimulator and application thereof |
| CN115108865A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-27 | 苏州益植生物科技有限公司 | Green composite biological stimulator and preparation method thereof |
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