CN117712986A - Overcurrent protection circuit - Google Patents
Overcurrent protection circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117712986A CN117712986A CN202311717680.4A CN202311717680A CN117712986A CN 117712986 A CN117712986 A CN 117712986A CN 202311717680 A CN202311717680 A CN 202311717680A CN 117712986 A CN117712986 A CN 117712986A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- module
- voltage
- output end
- boost circuit
- comparison
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 101000908580 Homo sapiens Spliceosome RNA helicase DDX39B Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100021298 b(0,+)-type amino acid transporter 1 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000031361 Hiccup Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an overcurrent protection circuit, which comprises: boost circuit module, comparison module and battery module; the output end of the battery module is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module; the battery module is used for supplying power to the boost circuit module; the output end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the battery module and the input end of the boost circuit module; the input end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module; the comparison module is used for carrying out voltage division processing on the output voltage of the boost circuit module, comparing the first voltage after the voltage division processing with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result, closing or opening connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module according to the comparison result, judging whether the boost circuit is over-current or not by detecting voltage change, and realizing over-current protection by completely turning off a power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of overcurrent protection, in particular to an overcurrent protection circuit.
Background
In the market, there are many UPS power products using lithium batteries as energy storage, and the topology structure of the boost circuit is used, so that the lithium batteries can directly supply power to the external output. The existing overcurrent protection method for the lithium battery product generally adds an overcurrent protection chip at the tail end of the circuit output, and limits the current in a mode of control of a CPU or a singlechip to achieve the purpose of protecting the circuit. The existing overcurrent protection circuit is complex in structure, cannot detect voltage change, cannot completely turn off a power supply, can enter a hiccup mode, still can output and consume electricity, and affects the performance of the power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an overcurrent protection circuit which judges whether a boost circuit is overcurrent or not by detecting voltage change and realizes overcurrent protection by completely turning off a power supply.
The invention provides an overcurrent protection circuit, which comprises: boost circuit module, comparison module and battery module;
the output end of the battery module is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module; the battery module is used for supplying power to the boost circuit module;
the output end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the battery module and the input end of the boost circuit module; the input end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module;
the comparison module is used for carrying out voltage division processing on the output voltage of the boost circuit module, comparing the first voltage after the voltage division processing with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result, and closing or opening connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module according to the comparison result.
Further, the output end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the battery module and the input end of the boost circuit module, specifically:
the output end of the comparison module comprises a first output end and a second output end; the first output end is connected with the output end of the battery module; the second output end is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module.
Further, the comparison module includes: a MOS tube; the MOS tube comprises a first input end, a first output end and a second output end;
the first output end of the MOS tube is used as the first output end of the comparison module and is connected with the output end of the battery module; the second output end of the MOS tube is used as the second output end of the comparison module; and the input end of the boost circuit module is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module.
Further, the comparison module further includes: the device comprises a comparator, a linear voltage regulator and a voltage dividing network;
the first input end of the MOS tube is connected with the output end of the comparator; the output end of the linear voltage regulator is connected with the first input end of the comparator; the output end of the voltage dividing network is connected with the second input end of the comparator; the input end of the voltage dividing network is used as the input end of the comparison module and is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module.
Further, the comparison module is used for inputting the output voltage of the boost circuit module into a voltage division network to carry out voltage division processing; comparing the first voltage after the voltage division treatment with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result; closing or opening the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module according to the comparison result; the preset voltage is generated by the linear voltage regulator.
Further, comparing the divided first voltage with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result, specifically:
if the first voltage is higher than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a high-level voltage as a comparison result; and if the first voltage is not higher than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a low-level voltage as a comparison result.
Further, the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is closed or opened according to the comparison result, specifically:
when the comparator outputs high-level voltage, the MOS tube is opened, so that the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is closed;
and when the comparator outputs low-level voltage, the MOS tube is closed, so that the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is disconnected.
Further, the battery module is a lithium battery.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: an inductor and a diode;
one end of the inductor is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module, and the other end of the inductor is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module;
the anode of the diode is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module; the cathode of the diode is connected with the second input end of the comparison module and is used as the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
In the prior art, a lithium battery is matched with boost IC as a UPS power supply in the use process, because the voltage of the lithium battery is not constant all the time, but gradually drops from full power. For example, a single lithium battery commonly used in the market has a voltage of 4.2V at full charge, and the voltage drops after discharging, gradually changing from 4.2 to about 2.8V. In this process, the current capability of the boost ic output decreases.
As a preferred scheme, the comparison module divides the output voltage of the boost circuit and then compares the divided voltage with the preset voltage, if the divided voltage is higher than the preset voltage, the boost circuit is judged to be overcurrent, the comparison module outputs high-level voltage to close the MOS tube, the output of the battery module is cut off, and the overcurrent protection function is achieved. The invention does not need to use CPU or singlechip for control, completely depends on hardware circuits, has simple circuit structure and realizes quick and reliable overcurrent protection.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of an over-current protection circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of an overcurrent protection circuit provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, an overcurrent protection circuit provided in an embodiment of the invention includes: a battery module 101, a boost circuit module 102, and a comparison module 103;
the output end of the battery module is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module; the battery module is used for supplying power to the boost circuit module;
the output end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the battery module and the input end of the boost circuit module; the input end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module;
the comparison module is used for carrying out voltage division processing on the output voltage of the boost circuit module, comparing the first voltage after the voltage division processing with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result, and closing or opening connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module according to the comparison result.
Further, the output end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the battery module and the input end of the boost circuit module, specifically:
the output end of the comparison module comprises a first output end and a second output end; the first output end is connected with the output end of the battery module; the second output end is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module.
Further, the comparison module includes: a MOS tube; the MOS tube comprises a first input end, a first output end and a second output end;
the first output end of the MOS tube is used as the first output end of the comparison module and is connected with the output end of the battery module; the second output end of the MOS tube is used as the second output end of the comparison module; and the input end of the boost circuit module is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module.
Further, the comparison module further includes: the device comprises a comparator, a linear voltage regulator and a voltage dividing network;
the first input end of the MOS tube is connected with the output end of the comparator; the output end of the linear voltage regulator is connected with the first input end of the comparator; the output end of the voltage dividing network is connected with the second input end of the comparator; the input end of the voltage dividing network is used as the input end of the comparison module and is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module.
Further, the comparison module is used for inputting the output voltage of the boost circuit module into a voltage division network to carry out voltage division processing; comparing the first voltage after the voltage division treatment with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result; closing or opening the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module according to the comparison result; the preset voltage is generated by the linear voltage regulator.
Further, comparing the divided first voltage with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result, specifically:
if the first voltage is higher than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a high-level voltage as a comparison result; and if the first voltage is not higher than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a low-level voltage as a comparison result.
Further, the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is closed or opened according to the comparison result, specifically:
when the comparator outputs high-level voltage, the MOS tube is opened, so that the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is closed;
and when the comparator outputs low-level voltage, the MOS tube is closed, so that the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is disconnected.
Further, the battery module is a lithium battery.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: an inductor and a diode;
one end of the inductor is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module, and the other end of the inductor is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module;
the anode of the diode is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module; the cathode of the diode is connected with the second input end of the comparison module and is used as the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
For better illustrating the present embodiment, please refer to fig. 2, which shows a specific over-current protection circuit, comprising: the device comprises a battery module, a comparison module and a boost circuit module; wherein the arrow direction is the output direction of the current;
the battery module is a lithium battery BAT1, and the voltage of the lithium battery is generally 3-4.2V; the boost circuit module boosts I C (U3) for boost, comprising: a boost IC input, an EN input, and a boost IC output; u3 is used to boost the voltage from a low voltage to a high voltage, such as 3-4.2V to 5V;
the output of the lithium battery is connected with the boost I C input end and the EN input end of U3; the output end of the boost I C is connected with the output end (output) of the overcurrent protection circuit and is a 5V output end;
the comparison module comprises: a voltage comparator U1, a linear voltage regulator (LDO) U2, a MOSFET F1 and a voltage divider network;
a linear voltage regulator (LDO) U2 for generating a reference single voltage source connected to a first input terminal of the voltage comparator U1; in this embodiment, U2 generates a voltage of 1.8V;
one end of the voltage dividing network is connected with the boost I C output end of the U3, and the other end of the voltage dividing network is connected with the second input end of the voltage comparator U1; the voltage dividing network is used for dividing the voltage output by the U3 in proportion and inputting the voltage to the second input end of the U1;
the voltage comparator U1 is used for comparing the voltage value which is output by the U3 and is divided by the voltage dividing network with 1.8V, and outputting high-level voltage if the voltage is higher than 1.8V; if it is lower than 1.8V, a low level voltage is outputted.
The MOSFET F1 is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor and has three ports, namely a first end, a second end and a third end; the first end is connected with the lithium battery BAT1, the second end is connected with the boost IC input end and the EN input end of the U3, and the third end is connected with the output of the voltage comparator U1; f1 is used for switching on and switching off the connection between the battery and the outside according to the high-low signal output by U1.
In this embodiment, when the voltage comparator U1 outputs a high level voltage, the MOSFET tube F1 is turned on, the connection between the lithium battery BAT1 and the boost circuit module is closed, the boost circuit module works normally, and the output outputs a voltage of 5V; when the voltage comparator U1 outputs low-level voltage, the MOSFET F1 is disconnected, the connection between the lithium battery BAT1 and the boost circuit module is disconnected, the boost circuit module does not work, and the output outputs 0V voltage.
In this embodiment, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the boost ic input end and the EN input end of the boost circuit module, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the boost ic output end, so as to perform the function of energy storage in the boost circuit; and a diode D1 is connected between the boost I C output end of the boost circuit module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, so that the unidirectional conduction function is realized. The anode of the diode D1 is connected to the boost I C output end, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, so that current is ensured to flow from the boost I C output end to the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
The implementation of the embodiment of the invention has the following effects:
in the prior art, a lithium battery is matched with boost IC as a UPS power supply in the use process, because the voltage of the lithium battery is not constant all the time, but gradually drops from full power. For example, a single lithium battery commonly used in the market has a voltage of 4.2V at full charge, and the voltage drops after discharging, gradually changing from 4.2 to about 2.8V. In this process, the current capability of the boost ic output decreases.
As a preferred scheme, the comparison module divides the output voltage of the boost circuit and then compares the divided voltage with the preset voltage, if the divided voltage is higher than the preset voltage, the boost circuit is judged to be overcurrent, the comparison module outputs high-level voltage to close the MOS tube, the output of the battery module is cut off, and the overcurrent protection function is achieved. The invention does not need to use CPU or singlechip for control, completely depends on hardware circuits, has simple circuit structure and realizes quick and reliable overcurrent protection.
Claims (9)
1. An overcurrent protection circuit, comprising: boost circuit module, comparison module and battery module;
the output end of the battery module is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module; the battery module is used for supplying power to the boost circuit module;
the output end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the battery module and the input end of the boost circuit module; the input end of the comparison module is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module;
the comparison module is used for carrying out voltage division processing on the output voltage of the boost circuit module, comparing the first voltage after the voltage division processing with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result, and closing or opening connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module according to the comparison result.
2. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the output terminal of the comparison module is connected to the output terminal of the battery module and the input terminal of the boost circuit module, specifically:
the output end of the comparison module comprises a first output end and a second output end; the first output end is connected with the output end of the battery module; the second output end is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module.
3. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the comparison module comprises: a MOS tube; the MOS tube comprises a first input end, a first output end and a second output end;
the first output end of the MOS tube is used as the first output end of the comparison module and is connected with the output end of the battery module; the second output end of the MOS tube is used as the second output end of the comparison module; and the input end of the boost circuit module is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module.
4. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the comparison module further comprises: the device comprises a comparator, a linear voltage regulator and a voltage dividing network;
the first input end of the MOS tube is connected with the output end of the comparator; the output end of the linear voltage regulator is connected with the first input end of the comparator; the output end of the voltage dividing network is connected with the second input end of the comparator; the input end of the voltage dividing network is used as the input end of the comparison module and is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module.
5. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 4, wherein the comparison module is configured to input the output voltage of the boost circuit module into the voltage dividing network for voltage dividing; comparing the first voltage after the voltage division treatment with a preset voltage to obtain a comparison result; closing or opening the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module according to the comparison result; the preset voltage is generated by the linear voltage regulator.
6. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 5, wherein the comparing the divided first voltage with the predetermined voltage results in the following steps:
if the first voltage is higher than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a high-level voltage as a comparison result; and if the first voltage is not higher than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a low-level voltage as a comparison result.
7. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is closed or opened according to the comparison result, specifically:
when the comparator outputs high-level voltage, the MOS tube is opened, so that the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is closed;
and when the comparator outputs low-level voltage, the MOS tube is closed, so that the connection between the battery module and the boost circuit module is disconnected.
8. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the battery module is a lithium battery.
9. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 4, further comprising: an inductor and a diode;
one end of the inductor is connected with the input end of the boost circuit module, and the other end of the inductor is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module;
the anode of the diode is connected with the output end of the boost circuit module; the cathode of the diode is connected with the second input end of the comparison module and is used as the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311717680.4A CN117712986B (en) | 2023-12-13 | 2023-12-13 | Overcurrent protection circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311717680.4A CN117712986B (en) | 2023-12-13 | 2023-12-13 | Overcurrent protection circuit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117712986A true CN117712986A (en) | 2024-03-15 |
| CN117712986B CN117712986B (en) | 2024-10-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311717680.4A Active CN117712986B (en) | 2023-12-13 | 2023-12-13 | Overcurrent protection circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117712986B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103606884A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Over-current protection circuit, LED backlight drive circuit and liquid crystal display |
| CN203859501U (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-10-01 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Battery pack discharge protection circuit and device |
| CN206650467U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-11-17 | 浙江诸暨奇创电子科技有限公司 | A kind of management of charging and discharging circuit of lithium battery |
| CN212573041U (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-02-19 | 康拓实业（深圳）有限公司 | LED boost protection circuit |
| CN114447888A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-06 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Multi-path parallel DC/DC boost converter overcurrent protection circuit and method for space navigation |
-
2023
- 2023-12-13 CN CN202311717680.4A patent/CN117712986B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103606884A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Over-current protection circuit, LED backlight drive circuit and liquid crystal display |
| CN203859501U (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-10-01 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Battery pack discharge protection circuit and device |
| CN206650467U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-11-17 | 浙江诸暨奇创电子科技有限公司 | A kind of management of charging and discharging circuit of lithium battery |
| CN212573041U (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2021-02-19 | 康拓实业（深圳）有限公司 | LED boost protection circuit |
| CN114447888A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-06 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Multi-path parallel DC/DC boost converter overcurrent protection circuit and method for space navigation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117712986B (en) | 2024-10-18 |
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