WO2022016549A1

WO2022016549A1 - Power input protection device, control method and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2022016549A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/104595
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王旭东; 靖俊
Original assignee: 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-07-24
Filing date: 2020-07-24
Publication date: 2022-01-27
Also published as: CN112970160A

Abstract

A power input protection device (100), a control method, and a storage medium. The power input protection device (100) comprises: an overvoltage protection circuit (10) used for detecting a received input electrical signal, and capable of outputting an overvoltage signal when the voltage of the received input electrical signal is detected to be greater than a threshold protection voltage; an overcurrent protection circuit (20) used for detecting the received input electrical signal, and capable of outputting an overcurrent signal when the current of the received input electrical signal is detected to be greater than a threshold protection current; and a pre-charge circuit (30) capable of outputting the input electrical signal to an external power consumption circuit when only the input electrical signal is received, and capable of stopping the outputting of the input electric signal to the external power consumption circuit when the overvoltage signal outputted by the overvoltage protection circuit (10) and/or the overcurrent signal outputted by the overcurrent protection circuit (20) are also received.

Description

Power input protection device, control method and storage medium

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of power supply protection, and in particular, to a power supply input protection device, a control method of the power supply input protection device, and a storage medium.

Background technique

Due to the complex power supply situation of automobiles, it is required that automobile electrical equipment can work in harsh working conditions such as a wide voltage range and various voltage spikes, and be identifiable and non-damaged in abnormal power supply scenarios. This is more stringent for the electrical reliability of electrical equipment.

Vehicle input circuits generally have overvoltage protection circuits and overcurrent protection circuits. For example: using a resettable fuse as an overcurrent protection circuit, when the passing current is greater than the set value of the fuse, the fuse is disconnected; using a combination circuit of transistor and zener as an overvoltage protection circuit, when the voltage is greater than a certain value, the input transistor closure. For another example, the integrated chip solution integrates the overvoltage protection function and the overcurrent protection function.

However, the current technology has the following disadvantages: the overvoltage protection circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are separated in a separate scheme using a resettable fuse as the overcurrent protection, and the resettable fuse generally works on the principle of a thermistor, and the response speed is slow, and once the overcurrent is cut off, It will take a long time to get back to normal. The integrated chip solution has complete functions, but the price is expensive, and the source of goods is exclusively supplied, so there is a great supply chain risk.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Based on this, the present application provides a power input protection device, a control method for the power input protection device, and a storage medium.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a power input protection device, including:

An overvoltage protection circuit is used to detect the received input electrical signal, and can output an overvoltage signal when it is detected that the voltage of the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage;

An overcurrent protection circuit, used for detecting the received input electrical signal, and capable of outputting an overcurrent signal when it is detected that the current of the received input electrical signal is greater than a threshold protection current;

A slow-start circuit for outputting the input electrical signal to an external power-consuming circuit when only the input electrical signal is received, and when also receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the When the overcurrent signal is output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the output of the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit can be stopped.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a control method for a power input protection device, including:

controlling the overvoltage protection circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit to detect the received input electrical signal;

Controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit according to the received signal or to stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit;

Wherein, when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it outputs the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, and when the slow-start circuit also receives the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or when an overcurrent signal is output by the overcurrent protection circuit, stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, and the overvoltage signal is the input received by the overvoltage protection circuit detected. The voltage of the electrical signal is output when the voltage is greater than the threshold protection voltage, and the overcurrent signal is output when the overcurrent protection circuit detects that the received current of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor implements the above-mentioned power input protection device control method.

Embodiments of the present application provide a power input protection device, a control method for the power input protection device, and a storage medium, including an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and a slow-start circuit. When the overvoltage protection circuit detects the received input power When the voltage of the signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage, it can output an overvoltage signal. When the overcurrent protection circuit detects that the received current of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current, it can output an overcurrent signal. When the slow start circuit only receives the When an electrical signal is input, the input electrical signal can be output to the external electrical circuit, and when the over-voltage signal output by the over-voltage protection circuit and/or the over-current signal output by the over-current protection circuit is also received, it can stop The input electrical signal is output to the external electrical circuit. Because when the voltage and/or current of the input electrical signal exceeds the normal range, the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent protection circuit does not disconnect the connection with the external power circuit in its own circuit, but outputs the overvoltage signal respectively. and/or overcurrent signal, the slow-start circuit can output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit only when it receives the input electrical signal, and disconnects from the outside world when it also receives an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal. The connection of the electrical circuit, that is, when overvoltage and/or overcurrent occurs, the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent protection circuit itself will not handle it, but will be handled by the slow-start circuit, which will be disconnected from external users through the slow-start circuit. The connection of the electrical circuit, when there is no overvoltage and/or overcurrent, is also handled by the slow start circuit, and the connection with the external power circuit is connected through the slow start circuit, and the input power is output to the external power circuit. In this way, the disconnection and connection between the power input protection device and the external power circuit can be guaranteed to be uniformly controllable. After the device is disconnected from the external power circuit, it can also be Provide technical support for quick connection with external power circuits; in addition, the device is not an integrated module, and the circuits in the device can use related components that are widely used and inexpensive, and there is no supply chain risk.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not limiting of the present application.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. For those of ordinary skill, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a power input protection device of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of the power input protection device of the present application in a practical application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the voltage in a single circuit of self-test prompting voltage maintenance during the operation of the device of FIG. 13;

Fig. 15 is a logical schematic diagram of the device of Fig. 13 under the condition of power-on and startup;

FIG. 16 is a logical schematic diagram of the apparatus of FIG. 13 during operation.

Description of main components and symbols:

100, power input protection device; 10, overvoltage protection circuit; 11, overvoltage detection circuit; 111, wire; 112, first resistor; 113, first Zener diode; 12, first three terminal transistor; 20, over Current protection circuit; 21, overcurrent detection circuit; 211, second resistor; 22, second three-terminal transistor; 30, slow start circuit; 31, switch control circuit; 32, conduction circuit; 321, first capacitor; 322 , the third resistor; 323, the second Zener diode; 40, the self-test prompt voltage hold circuit; 41, the prompt circuit; 4111, the fourth resistor; 4112, the fifth resistor; 412, the fourth three-terminal transistor; 413, the third Seven resistors; 414, sixth resistor; 415, second capacitor; 42, energy storage circuit.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The flowcharts shown in the figures are for illustration only, and do not necessarily include all contents and operations/steps, nor do they have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps can also be decomposed, combined or partially combined, so the actual execution order may be changed according to the actual situation.

Vehicle input circuits generally have overvoltage protection circuits and overcurrent protection circuits. The current technology has the following shortcomings: the overvoltage protection circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are separated in a separate scheme using a resettable fuse as the overcurrent protection. The resettable fuse generally works on the principle of a thermistor, and the response speed is slow, and once the overcurrent is cut off, it will take a long time to return to normal. The integrated chip solution has complete functions, but the price is expensive, and the source of goods is exclusively supplied, so there is a great supply chain risk.

The embodiments of the present application include an overvoltage protection circuit, an overcurrent protection circuit, and a slow-start circuit. When the overvoltage protection circuit detects that the voltage of the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage, it can output an overvoltage signal. When the overcurrent protection circuit detects When the current to the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current, it can output an overcurrent signal. When the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it can output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit. When the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit is reached, the output of the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit can be stopped. Because when the voltage and/or current of the input electrical signal exceeds the normal range, the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent protection circuit does not disconnect the connection with the external power circuit in its own circuit, but outputs the overvoltage signal respectively. and/or overcurrent signal, the slow-start circuit can output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit only when it receives the input electrical signal, and disconnects from the outside world when it also receives an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal. The connection of the electrical circuit, that is, when overvoltage and/or overcurrent occurs, the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent protection circuit itself will not handle it, but will be handled by the slow-start circuit, which will be disconnected from external users through the slow-start circuit. The connection of the electrical circuit, when there is no overvoltage and/or overcurrent, is also handled by the slow start circuit, and the connection with the external power circuit is connected through the slow start circuit, and the input power is output to the external power circuit. In this way, the disconnection and connection between the power input protection device and the external power circuit can be guaranteed to be uniformly controllable. After the device is disconnected from the external power circuit, it can also be Provide technical support for quick connection with external power circuits; in addition, the device is not an integrated module, and the circuits in the device can use related components that are widely used and inexpensive, and there is no supply chain risk.

Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the power input protection device of the present application. The device of this embodiment can realize the overcurrent protection function and the overvoltage protection function. After disconnecting the connection with the external power circuit , and can also provide technical support for quick connection with external power circuits.

The power input protection device 100 includes an overvoltage protection circuit 10 , an overcurrent protection circuit 20 and a slow start circuit 30 .

The overvoltage protection circuit 10 is used to detect the received input electrical signal, and can output an overvoltage signal when it is detected that the voltage of the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage.

The overcurrent protection circuit 20 is used to detect the received input electrical signal, and can output an overcurrent signal when it is detected that the current of the received input electrical signal is greater than a threshold protection current.

The slow-start circuit 30 is configured to output the input electrical signal to an external power-consuming circuit when only the input electrical signal is received, and when also receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the When the overcurrent signal is output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the output of the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit can be stopped.

In this embodiment, the input electrical signal may be an electrical signal output by an external power supply circuit, for example, an electrical signal output by various power sources.

The overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 can be connected in parallel, and then respectively receive the input electrical signal of the external power supply circuit. The slow-start circuit 30 outputs an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal; the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 can also be connected in series, and the input electrical signal of the external power supply circuit is input to the overvoltage protection circuit 10 or the overcurrent protection circuit 20, and then input the input electrical signal into the overcurrent protection circuit 20 or the overvoltage protection circuit 10 in turn. The output terminals of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 are respectively connected to the slow start circuit 30 and output to the slow start circuit 30 respectively. Overvoltage signal and/or overcurrent signal.

The overvoltage protection circuit 10 can detect the voltage of the input electrical signal, and can output an overvoltage signal when it is detected that the voltage of the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage. The overcurrent protection circuit 20 can detect the current of the input electrical signal, and can output an overcurrent signal when it is detected that the received current of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current.

The slow-start circuit 30 is used for receiving an input electrical signal, and can also receive an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal. The input electrical signal received by the slow-start circuit 30 may be provided by an external power supply circuit, or may be provided by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent protection circuit 20 . The slow-start circuit 30 may include two input terminals, the first input terminal of the slow-start circuit 30 may be used for receiving an input electrical signal, and the second input terminal of the slow-start circuit 30 may be used for receiving an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal (Of course, the second input terminal of the slow-start circuit 30 can also be divided into two input terminals, one receives the overvoltage signal, and the other receives the overcurrent signal). If the slow-start circuit 30 only receives the input electrical signal, it means that the voltage and/or current of the input electrical signal is within the normal range (less than or equal to the threshold protection voltage), and the slow-start circuit 30 can output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit. Signal. If the slow-start circuit 30 also receives an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal, it means that the voltage and/or current of the input electrical signal exceeds the normal range (greater than the threshold protection voltage and/or greater than the threshold protection current, that is, overvoltage and/or overcurrent), can stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit, thereby realizing the overcurrent protection function and the overvoltage protection function.

It should be noted that, if the slow-start circuit 30 only receives the input electrical signal, the slow-start circuit 30 can output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, and if the slow-start circuit 30 also receives an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent It can stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, and can include two working states: one is that the power input protection device 100 of this embodiment is in the state of power-on startup, if the slow-start circuit 30 only After receiving the input electrical signal, the slow-start circuit 30 can output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit. If the slow-start circuit 30 also receives an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal, it can not supply the external electrical circuit to the electrical circuit. Output the input electrical signal; the other is that when the power input protection device 100 of this embodiment is in a working state, if the slow-start circuit 30 only receives the input electrical signal, the slow-start circuit 30 can stabilize the external power supply circuit Output the input electrical signal, if the slow-start circuit 30 also receives an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal, it can cut off the connection with the external electrical circuit and not output the input electrical circuit to the external electrical circuit. Signal.

The embodiment of the present application includes an overvoltage protection circuit 10, an overcurrent protection circuit 20 and a slow start circuit 30. When the overvoltage protection circuit 10 detects that the voltage of the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage, it can output an overvoltage signal. When the current protection circuit 20 detects that the received current of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current, it can output an overcurrent signal, and when the slow-start circuit 30 only receives the input electrical signal, it can output the input to the external electrical circuit. When the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit 20 is also received, the output of the input power to the external power circuit can be stopped. Signal. Because when the voltage and/or current of the input electrical signal exceeds the normal range, the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent protection circuit 20 do not disconnect the external power circuit in their own circuits, but output the overvoltage circuit respectively. voltage signal and/or overcurrent signal, the slow-start circuit 30 can only output the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit when it receives the input electrical signal, and shuts off when it also receives the overvoltage signal and/or the overcurrent signal. Open the connection with the external power circuit, that is, when overvoltage and/or overcurrent occurs, the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent protection circuit 20 do not handle it themselves, and are handled by the slow start circuit 30. The circuit 30 is disconnected from the external power circuit. When there is no overvoltage and/or overcurrent, it is also handled by the slow start circuit 30, and the connection with the external power circuit is connected through the slow start circuit 30. The external power supply circuit outputs the input electrical signal. In this way, the disconnection and connection between the power input protection device 100 and the external power supply circuit can be controlled in a unified manner. After the device 100 is disconnected, it can also provide technical support for ensuring the rapid connection between the device 100 and the external power circuit; in addition, the device 100 is not an integrated module, and the circuit in the device 100 can be widely used and inexpensive. related components without supply chain risk.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in an embodiment, in order to simplify the circuit structure, and there are relatively many overvoltage phenomena in practical applications, the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 are connected in series, and the overvoltage protection circuit 10 is connected to the outside world. The power supply circuit is connected, and the overvoltage protection circuit 10 is further configured to output the input electrical signal, so that the overcurrent protection circuit 20 receives and outputs the input electrical signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 .

In this embodiment, the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 respectively have two output terminals. The first output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 may be used for outputting the input electrical signal, and the second output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 may be used for outputting the overvoltage signal. The first output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 may be used for outputting the input electrical signal, and the second output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 may be used for outputting the overcurrent signal. The input electrical signal received by the slow-start circuit 30 may be provided by the overcurrent protection circuit 20 , that is, the input electrical signal output by the first output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 may enter the first output of the slow-start circuit 30 . input.

In this way, on the one hand, the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 are connected in series to simplify the circuit structure. In the foregoing, the overvoltage protection circuit 10 can detect the voltage of the input electrical signal in time.

The details of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 , the overcurrent protection circuit 20 , and the slow-start circuit 30 will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the following circuit structures are all described based on the above-mentioned circuit structure in which the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 are connected in series.

Referring to FIG. 3 , in an embodiment, the overvoltage protection circuit 10 includes an overvoltage detection circuit 11 and a first three-terminal transistor 12 .

The overvoltage detection circuit 11 is used to detect the received voltage of the input electrical signal and output the input electrical signal; the first three-terminal transistor 12 is connected to the overvoltage detection circuit 11, when the overvoltage detection circuit When 11 detects that the voltage of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage, the first three-terminal transistor 12 can be turned on and output the overvoltage signal.

In this embodiment, the overvoltage detection circuit 11 may include two output terminals, the first output terminal of the overvoltage detection circuit 11 may be used to output the input electrical signal, and the second output terminal of the overvoltage detection circuit 11 may be used to output the input electrical signal. To output a signal whose voltage of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage, the first three-terminal transistor 12 can be connected to the second output end of the overvoltage detection circuit 11 .

A three-terminal transistor is a semiconductor device with three poles (terminals), which has fast response speed and high accuracy, and can be used for electronically controlled switches. In this embodiment, the three-terminal transistors are mainly divided into two categories: bipolar transistors (BJT, Bipolar Junction Transistor) and field effect transistors (FET, Field Effect Transistor). The three poles (terminals) of the bipolar transistor are the emitter (Emitter), the base (Base) and the collector (Collector) composed of N-type and P-type semiconductors respectively; the three poles (terminals) of the field effect transistor ), which are the source (Source), gate (Gate) and drain (Drain), respectively.

Wherein, the first three-terminal transistor 12 includes a first field effect transistor. The first field effect transistors include, but are not limited to, p-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors PMOS, n-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors NMOS, and the like.

The gate of the first field effect transistor is connected to the overvoltage detection circuit 11, the source of the first field effect transistor is used to receive the input electrical signal, and the drain of the first field effect transistor is used for receiving the input electrical signal. The pole is used to output the overvoltage signal when the first field effect transistor is turned on.

In this embodiment, the input electrical signal received by the source of the first field effect transistor may be provided by an external power supply circuit, or may be provided by the overvoltage detection circuit 11 . The source electrode receives the input electrical signal output by the overvoltage detection circuit 11, which can simplify the circuit structure. The gate of the first field effect transistor is connected to the overvoltage detection circuit 11, and the signal output by the overvoltage detection circuit 11 to the gate of the first field effect transistor may be a threshold protection voltage for comparison For the first field effect transistor, when the voltage of the input electrical signal received by the source is greater than the voltage of the threshold protection voltage signal of the gate, the first field effect transistor is turned on, and the overvoltage signal can be output , when the voltage of the input electrical signal received by the source is less than or equal to the voltage of the threshold protection voltage signal of the gate, the first field effect transistor cannot be turned on and cannot output the overvoltage signal.

4 , the overvoltage detection circuit 11 of an embodiment with a relatively simple circuit structure includes: a wire 111 , a first resistor 112 and a first Zener diode 113 .

One end of the wire 111 is connected to the power supply circuit, and the other end of the wire 111 is connected to the first three-terminal transistor 12 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 respectively, and the wire 111 is used for receiving and outputting the input electrical signal; One end of the first resistor 112 is connected to the power supply circuit, the other end of the first resistor 112 is connected to the first three-terminal transistor 12; The first three-terminal transistor 12 is connected, and the other end of the first Zener diode 113 is grounded.

In this embodiment, the function of the first Zener diode 113 may be used to provide a stable threshold protection voltage for comparison. When the voltage of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage provided by the first Zener diode 113 , the first three-terminal transistor 12 is turned on, and the first three-terminal transistor 12 can output an overvoltage signal.

Referring to FIG. 5 , in an embodiment, the overcurrent protection circuit 20 includes: an overcurrent detection circuit 21 and a second three-terminal transistor 22 .

The overcurrent detection circuit 21 is used to detect the received current of the input electrical signal and output the input electrical signal; the second three-terminal transistor 22 is connected to the overcurrent detection circuit, when the overcurrent detection circuit detects When the current to the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current, the second three-terminal transistor can be turned on and output the overcurrent signal.

In this embodiment, the overcurrent detection circuit 21 may include two output terminals, the first output terminal of the overcurrent detection circuit 21 may be used to output the input electrical signal, and the second output terminal of the overcurrent detection circuit 21 may be used to output the input electrical signal. To output a signal that the current of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current, the second three-terminal transistor 22 may be connected to the second output end of the overcurrent detection circuit 11 .

Wherein, referring to FIG. 6 in combination, the overcurrent detection circuit 21 includes: a second resistor 211 . One end of the second resistor 211 is connected to the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 outputting the input electrical signal, and the other end of the second resistor 211 is connected to the slow start circuit 20 receiving the input electrical signal. input connection.

In this embodiment, the first output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 is used to output the input electrical signal, and the first input terminal of the slow-start circuit 20 is used to input the input electrical signal; the second resistor 211 One end of the resistor 211 can be connected to the first output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 , and the other end of the second resistor 211 can be connected to the first input end of the slow-start circuit 20 .

Wherein, the second three-terminal transistor 22 includes a first bipolar junction transistor Q2.

Further, the emitter of the first bipolar junction transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the second resistor 211 , and the base of the first bipolar junction transistor Q2 is connected to the other end of the second resistor 211 , when the current of the input electrical signal flows through the second resistor, so that the voltage difference across the second resistor reaches the turn-on voltage of the first bipolar junction transistor, the first bipolar junction The bipolar junction transistor itself is turned on, and the collector of the first bipolar junction transistor is used to output the overcurrent signal when the first bipolar junction transistor is turned on.

In this embodiment, the emitter of the first bipolar junction transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the second resistor 211 to receive an input electrical signal, where the potential is U1, the first bipolar junction transistor Q2 The base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the other end of the second resistor 211, and receives the voltage signal after the current flowing through the input electrical signal flows through the second resistor, where the potential is U, and the input electrical signal The potential difference U1-U after the current flows through the second resistor is equal to the resistance value of the second resistor 211 multiplied by the current I of the input electrical signal.

Assuming that the threshold protection current is I0, the potential difference U1-U0 corresponding to reaching the threshold protection current is equal to the resistance value of the second resistor 211 multiplied by the current I0 of the input electrical signal. The turn-on voltage (potential difference) of the first bipolar junction transistor Q2 is greater than U1-U0. If the current I2 of the input electrical signal is less than or equal to the threshold protection current I0, the corresponding potential difference U1-U2 is equal to the resistance value of the second resistor 211 multiplied by the current I2 of the input electrical signal. U1-U2 is smaller than U1-U0, the first bipolar junction transistor Q2 will not be turned on, and will not output an overcurrent signal. If the current I3 of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current I0, the corresponding potential difference U1-U3 is equal to the resistance value of the second resistor 211 multiplied by the current I3 of the input electrical signal. U1-U3 is greater than U1-U0, the first bipolar junction transistor Q2 is turned on, and an overcurrent signal is output.

Referring to FIG. 7 , in an embodiment, the slow-start circuit 30 includes a switch control circuit 31 and a conduction circuit 32 .

The switch control circuit 31 is used to turn off the switch when receiving the input electrical signal and the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit 20 The connection between the output end of the control circuit 31 and the external electrical circuit; the conduction circuit 32 is used to turn on the output of the switch control circuit 31 within a preset time period when only the input electrical signal is received The terminal is connected to the external electrical circuit.

In this embodiment, the input electrical signal received by the switch control circuit 31 may be provided by the overcurrent protection circuit 20, or the input electrical signal output by the first output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 may enter the conduction circuit respectively 32 and switch control circuit 31.

The slow-start circuit 30 of this embodiment includes a switch control circuit 31 and a conduction circuit 32, which enables the slow-start circuit 30 to respond at a relatively fast speed when an overcurrent or overvoltage occurs, and can turn off the switch control circuit 31 The output terminal of the switch is connected to the external power circuit; and once the overcurrent and overvoltage abnormal situation is resolved, the conduction circuit 32 of the slow start circuit 30 can switch on the output terminal of the switch control circuit 31 within a preset period of time. The connection with the external electrical circuit enables the entire device to quickly resume normal operation.

Wherein, the switch control circuit 31 includes a third three-terminal transistor.

Further, the third three-terminal transistor includes a second field effect transistor.

In this embodiment, the gate of the second field effect transistor is respectively connected with the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 for outputting the overvoltage signal, and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 for outputting the overcurrent signal. The source of the second field effect transistor is respectively connected to the output terminal of the conduction circuit 32 and the overcurrent protection circuit 20 outputting the input electrical signal, and the drain of the second field effect transistor is connected to The outside is connected with an electrical circuit.

In this embodiment, the second output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 is used to output the overvoltage signal, the second output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 is used to output the overcurrent signal, and the overcurrent protection The first output terminal of the circuit 20 is used to output the input electrical signal; the gate of the second field effect transistor is respectively connected to the second output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and the second output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 . The two output terminals are connected, and the source of the second field effect transistor is connected to the conduction circuit 32 and the first output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 respectively.

Referring to FIG. 8 , in one embodiment, the conduction circuit 32 includes: a first capacitor 321 . The first capacitor 321 is used to charge itself when only receiving the input electrical signal, and when the voltage of the first capacitor reaches the turn-on voltage of the third three-terminal transistor, the third three-terminal transistor can be turned on. A terminal transistor, the other end of the first capacitor 321 is grounded.

In one embodiment, the conduction circuit 32 further includes: a third resistor 322 . The third resistor 322 is connected in series with the first capacitor 321 , one end of the third resistor 322 is respectively connected to the other end of the first capacitor 321 grounded, and the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 for outputting the overvoltage signal (eg, the second output terminal of the overvoltage protection circuit 10 ), the output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit outputting the overcurrent signal (eg, the second output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit 20 ) is connected, and the third The other end of the resistor 322 is grounded.

In one embodiment, the conduction circuit 32 further includes: a second Zener diode 323 . The second Zener diode 323 is arranged in parallel with the first capacitor 321 .

In this embodiment, the conduction circuit 32 may receive the input electrical signal, and may also receive the overvoltage signal and/or the overcurrent signal. When the conduction circuit 32 receives both the input electrical signal and the overcurrent signal When an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal are present, the potentials across the first capacitor 321 are equal and will not be charged. When the conduction circuit 32 only receives the input electrical signal, the potential across the first capacitor 321 is different, and the The high potential of one end of the input electrical signal makes the first capacitor 321 charge itself. When the voltage of the first capacitor 321 reaches the turn-on voltage of the third three-terminal transistor, the third three-terminal transistor can be turned on. terminal transistor.

When overvoltage or overcurrent occurs, it can realize overcurrent protection function and overvoltage protection function, and also provide a reminder function of saving important data, which can be applied to various electronic products and equipment input circuits that require high reliability.

Referring to FIG. 9 in combination, in one embodiment, the device 100 further includes: a self-check prompt voltage holding circuit 40 .

The self-test prompting voltage hold circuit 40 is configured to output a certain amount to the external power circuit when receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit 20 Time effective voltage, and at the same time output a prompt signal to the main control circuit so that the main control circuit saves the data of the external power consumption circuit.

Referring to FIG. 10 , in one embodiment, the self-checking prompt voltage maintaining circuit 40 includes: a prompt circuit 41 and an energy storage circuit 42 .

The prompt circuit 41 is configured to output a prompt signal to the main control circuit to make the main The control circuit saves the data of the external power circuit; the energy storage circuit 42 is used for receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit 20, It outputs an effective voltage for a certain period of time to the external power-consuming circuit, and charges itself when receiving the input electrical signal output by the slow-start circuit 30 .

When the overvoltage protection circuit 10 outputs an overvoltage signal and/or the overcurrent protection circuit 20 outputs an overcurrent signal, the slow-start circuit 30 has shut off the connection with the external power circuit, and the external power circuit has no Power input, the energy storage circuit 42 can keep the output voltage within the effective input voltage range of the external power circuit of the subsequent stage for a short time, and can maintain the effective time, and the main control circuit can save the data of the external power circuit within the effective time.

In one embodiment, the tank circuit 42 includes: a third capacitor. One end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the output end of the slow-start circuit 30 for outputting the input electrical signal and the input end of the external power circuit, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.

Referring to FIG. 11 , in one embodiment, the prompt circuit 41 includes a voltage dividing resistor, a fourth three-terminal transistor 412 and a seventh resistor 413 .

The voltage dividing resistor is used to output the voltage dividing signal when receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit 20; the fourth three-terminal transistor 412 is used for When receiving the divided voltage signal, it turns itself on, and outputs a low-level signal to the main control circuit so that the main control circuit saves the data of the external power circuit; the seventh resistor 413 is used for When receiving the input electrical signal output by the slow-start circuit 30, a high-level signal is output to the main control circuit.

In one embodiment, the voltage dividing resistors include: a fourth resistor 4111 and a fifth resistor 4112 .

The fourth resistor 4111 is used to output the divided voltage signal when receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit 10 and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit 20; the fifth resistor 4112 It is connected in series with the fourth resistor 4111 and grounded.

In one embodiment, the fourth three-terminal transistor 412 includes a second bipolar junction transistor.

Wherein, the emitter of the second bipolar junction transistor is used for grounding, and the base of the second bipolar junction transistor is used for receiving the divided voltage signal output by the voltage dividing resistor. When the electrical signal reaches the turn-on voltage, it turns itself on, and the collector of the second bipolar junction transistor is used to output a low-level signal to the main control circuit when the bipolar junction transistor is turned on.

Referring to FIG. 12 , in one embodiment, the prompt circuit 41 further includes: a sixth resistor 414 and a second capacitor 415 .

One end of the sixth resistor 414 is connected to the fourth three-terminal transistor 412 and the seventh resistor 413 respectively, and the other end of the sixth resistor 414 is connected to the main control circuit; the second capacitor 415 One end of the second capacitor 415 is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor 414, and the other end of the second capacitor 415 is grounded.

In one embodiment, the device 100 further includes: an anti-backflow circuit.

One end of the anti-backflow circuit is connected to the slow-start circuit 30, and the other end is connected to the self-check prompt voltage hold circuit 40, for when the self-check prompt voltage hold circuit 40 outputs to the external power circuit When the effective voltage is maintained for a certain period of time, the effective voltage is prevented from being backflowed in the opposite direction. In this way, in the case of abnormal overcurrent and overvoltage, when the slow start circuit 30 is disconnected from the external power circuit, the anti-backflow circuit can prevent the third capacitor voltage from being backflowed in the opposite direction, so as to protect the front-stage circuit and the power supply circuit. It is ensured that the effective voltage output by the energy storage circuit 42 to the external power circuit is maintained for an effective time.

Wherein, the anti-backflow circuit includes a Schottky diode or an ideal diode.

The power input protection device 100 of this embodiment includes an overvoltage protection circuit 10, an overcurrent protection circuit 20, a slow start circuit 30, and a self-check prompt voltage hold circuit 40, which can effectively prevent overloaded voltage and current during operation, and can solve the problem of power The technical problems of connecting the equipment to burn the equipment in the case of abnormal high voltage, excessive load current, and the removal of abnormal voltage and current during operation, it can also maintain a stable start within a preset time, and can be used in the event of an overvoltage and overcurrent abnormality. The self-test prompts the main control circuit to save important data.

The power input protection device 100 of this embodiment can be applied to various electronic products and equipment input circuits that require high reliability, such as vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radars; compared with dedicated and integrated device protection, the discrete device overvoltage protection circuit 10 , the overcurrent protection circuit 20 , the slow start circuit 30 and the self-check prompt voltage holding circuit 40 are combined to build the device 100 of this embodiment, which is more flexible, has obvious cost advantages, and can be widely used.

Referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the power input protection device of the present application in a practical application. The power input protection device in the figure includes 3 square phantom boxes and 1 L-shaped phantom box side by side. The 3 square phantom boxes from left to right are the overvoltage protection circuit, the overcurrent protection circuit, the slow start circuit, and the L-shaped virtual box. The box is the self-test prompt voltage hold circuit.

The overvoltage protection circuit includes: a wire, a resistor R1 (ie, a first resistor), a Zener diode D1 (ie, a first Zener diode), and a field effect transistor Q1 (ie, a first field effect transistor). The overcurrent protection circuit includes a resistor R2 (ie, the second resistor) and a bipolar junction transistor Q2 (ie, the first bipolar junction transistor). The slow-start circuit includes: field effect transistor Q3 (ie, second field effect transistor), capacitor C1 (ie, first capacitor), resistor R3 (ie, third resistor), and Zener diode D2 (ie, second Zener diode). The self-test prompt voltage holding circuit includes: resistor R4 (ie the fourth resistor), resistor R5 (ie the fifth resistor), bipolar junction transistor Q4 (the second bipolar junction transistor), resistor R7 (ie the seventh resistor) ), resistor R6 (ie, sixth resistor), capacitor C2 (ie, second capacitor), and capacitor C3 (ie, third capacitor). The power input protection device further includes a diode D3 (ie, a Schottky diode or an ideal diode of the anti-backflow circuit).

The above-mentioned power input protection device can be divided into the following two types according to the working state:

The first working state is when the device is powered on and started, when the voltage of the input electrical signal exceeds the difference between the clamping voltage of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and is greater than the turn-on voltage Vth of the field effect transistor Q1 (such as PMOS), Q1 is turned on, at this time, the gate G voltage of the field effect transistor Q3 (such as PMOS) is the same as the source S voltage, Q3 is in the off state, the voltage of the input electrical signal will not supply power to the external power circuit, so as to achieve overvoltage protection purpose. When the current of the input electrical signal is too large, the voltage generated by the sampling resistor R2 on the input line will reach the turn-on voltage Vth of the bipolar junction transistor Q2. At this time, Q2 is turned on, which is the same as the overvoltage protection. The gate G voltage of transistor Q3 (such as PMOS) is the same as the source S voltage, Q3 is in the off state, the voltage of the input electrical signal will not supply power to the external power circuit, so as to achieve the purpose of overcurrent protection. When the voltage and current of the input electrical signal do not exceed the set limits (ie threshold protection voltage and threshold protection current), it will enter the slow-start circuit, D2 is a Zener diode, the purpose is to protect the transistor Q3 from being discharged when C1 is discharged. break. By charging C1, when the voltage of C1 reaches the turn-on voltage Vth of Q3, Q3 will be fully turned on within the preset time period, and the voltage of the input electrical signal will be stable within this time period to supply power to the subsequent external power circuits.

The second working state is that the device is in operation, which is the same as the overvoltage and overcurrent implementation described in the first working state, and the principle will not be repeated. When the device is running normally, Q4 is in the off state, and the VDET signal of the high-level signal is obtained through the pull-up of R7; when the voltage of the input electrical signal exceeds the set limit, Q1 is turned on, and is divided by R4 and R5. After the voltage reaches the turn-on voltage of Q4, Q4 is turned on. At this time, the VDET signal is a low-level signal, and the input electrical signal of the main control circuit is abnormal through the level inversion of the VDET signal. At this time, Q3 has been turned off, and there is no input electrical signal input. C3 is a large capacitor, which can keep the voltage within the effective input voltage range of the subsequent external power circuit for a short time, as shown in Figure 14, which is the device The schematic diagram of the voltage in the single circuit of the self-test prompting voltage maintenance during operation, the top is the waveform of the voltage of the output VIN of the power supply circuit with time, and the middle is the waveform of the VDET signal with time (change from high-level signal to high-level signal). is a low level signal), the following is the waveform of the voltage of the output VOUT after the device of this embodiment changes with time, it can be seen that the effective time of T1 can be maintained (VOUT is greater than or equal to V _effective ), in the effective time T1 The internal main control circuit can save the important data of the external power circuit. Among them, the D3 diode can ensure that the C3 capacitor voltage does not flow back to VIN under abnormal conditions and when Q3 is turned off, thereby ensuring the protection of the front-end circuit and the effective time of the voltage. In the case of overcurrent protection, it is the same as the above-mentioned implementation of the self-check prompt voltage hold circuit during overvoltage protection.

The logic summary of the above-mentioned power input protection device in two working states is shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16:

In the first working state, when the device is powered on and started, the device judges the voltage and current of the input electrical signal of the power supply circuit, if both are greater than or any one of them is greater than the set protection value (that is, the threshold value protection voltage and/or threshold protection current), then do not supply power to the external power circuit; if both are less than the set protection value, the input electrical signal is input to the external power circuit within a predetermined time to stabilize the power supply.

In the second working state, the device is in the running process, the device also judges the voltage and current of the input electrical signal of the power supply circuit, if both are greater than or any one of them is greater than the set protection value, then the device Continue to supply power to the external power circuit for a certain time, cut off the connection with the external power circuit after a delay (that is, after a certain period of time), and notify the main control circuit to save the data of the external power circuit at the moment of overvoltage and overcurrent, and cut off after a delay The time of the power supply (that is, a certain time) can ensure that the main control circuit saves the important data of the external power circuit; if both are less than the set protection value, the input electrical signal is stably input to the external power circuit to stabilize the power supply.

The present application also provides a control method for a power input protection device. The control method in this embodiment is any one of the control methods for the power input protection device described above. For a detailed description of the relevant content, please refer to the above-mentioned relevant content section, which will not be repeated here. Syria.

The method includes: controlling the overvoltage protection circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit to detect the received input electrical signal; controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit according to the received signal or to stop Outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit; wherein, when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it outputs the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, and when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal When also receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, and the overvoltage signal It is output when the overvoltage protection circuit detects that the voltage of the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage, and the overcurrent signal is output when the overcurrent protection circuit detects that the current of the received input electrical signal is greater than Threshold protection current output.

Wherein, the controlling the slow start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit according to the received signal or to stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit includes: if the power input protects When the device is in the power-on state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit according to the received signal or not to output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit; if the power supply When the input protection device is in the working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit according to the received signal or to cut off the connection with the external electrical circuit, and not to use electricity to the outside. A circuit outputs the input electrical signal.

Wherein, if the power input protection device is in a working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit according to the received signal or cut off the connection with the external power circuit , not outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, including: if the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit only When receiving the input electrical signal, the slow-start circuit is controlled to continue outputting the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit.

Wherein, if the power input protection device is in a working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit according to the received signal or cut off the connection with the external power circuit , not outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, including: if the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives When the input electrical signal is received, and the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit is received, the slow-start circuit is controlled to cut off the power supply from the outside world. The connection of the circuit does not output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit.

Wherein, if the power input protection device is in a working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit according to the received signal or cut off the connection with the external power circuit , not outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, including: if the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives When the input electrical signal is received, and the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit is also received, the power input protection device is controlled to delay cutting off the communication with the outside world. The power circuit is connected, and a prompt signal is output to the main control circuit so that the main control circuit saves the data of the external power circuit within a first predetermined time.

Wherein, if the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives the input electrical signal, it also receives the overvoltage When there is an overvoltage signal output by the protection circuit and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the power input protection device is controlled to delay cutting off the connection with the external power circuit, and output to the main control circuit The prompt signal enables the main control circuit to save the data of the external power-consuming circuit within a first predetermined time, including: if the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit , when the slow start circuit receives the input electrical signal, and also receives the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, controls the slow start The circuit cuts off the connection with the external power circuit, and controls the self-test prompt voltage holding circuit to continue supplying power to the external power circuit for a first predetermined time, and controls the self-test prompt voltage hold circuit to the main control circuit. The circuit outputs a prompt signal to make the main control circuit save the data of the external power-consuming circuit within the first predetermined time.

The controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit or to stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit according to the received signal includes: if the slow-start circuit It is currently in a power-on start-up state or a working state that stops outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit. When the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it controls the slow-start circuit to turn on and The connection of the external power consumption circuit outputs the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit.

Wherein, if the slow-start circuit is currently in a power-on start-up state or a working state that stops outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal , controlling the slow-start circuit to connect with the external power circuit, and outputting the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, including: if the slow-start circuit is currently in a state of stopping power consumption to the outside world The circuit outputs the power-on state or working state of the input electrical signal, and when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, controls the slow-start circuit to connect with the external power supply within a predetermined time The circuit is connected to output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit.

The controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit or to stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit according to the received signal includes: if the slow-start circuit Currently in a power-on start-up state or a working state that stops outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives the input electrical signal, and also receives the output signal from the overvoltage protection circuit In the event of an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the slow start circuit is controlled to continue to stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit.

The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor implements the power input protection device according to any one of the above control method. For the detailed description of the relevant content, please refer to the above-mentioned relevant content section, which will not be repeated here.

Wherein, the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the above-mentioned power input protection device, such as a hard disk or a memory. The computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the above-mentioned power input protection device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card, a secure digital card, a flash memory card, and the like.

It should be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will also be understood that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "and/or" refers to and including any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalents within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. Modifications or substitutions shall be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A power input protection device, characterized in that it includes:

An overvoltage protection circuit is used to detect the received input electrical signal, and can output an overvoltage signal when it is detected that the voltage of the received input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage;

An overcurrent protection circuit, used for detecting the received input electrical signal, and capable of outputting an overcurrent signal when it is detected that the current of the received input electrical signal is greater than a threshold protection current;

A slow-start circuit for outputting the input electrical signal to an external power-consuming circuit when only the input electrical signal is received, and when also receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the When the overcurrent signal is output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the output of the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit can be stopped.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the overvoltage protection circuit is configured to output the input electrical signal, and the overcurrent protection circuit is configured to receive and output the input output by the overvoltage protection circuit electric signal.
The device according to claim 2, wherein the overvoltage protection circuit comprises:

an overvoltage detection circuit for detecting the received voltage of the input electrical signal and outputting the input electrical signal;

a first three-terminal transistor, connected to the overvoltage detection circuit, when the overvoltage detection circuit detects that the voltage of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection voltage, the first three-terminal transistor can be turned on , and output the overvoltage signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first three-terminal transistor comprises a first field effect transistor.
The device according to claim 4, wherein the gate of the first field effect transistor is connected to the overvoltage detection circuit, and the source of the first field effect transistor is used for receiving the input electrical signal , the drain of the first field effect transistor is used for outputting the overvoltage signal when the first field effect transistor is turned on.
The device according to claim 3, wherein the overvoltage detection circuit comprises:

a wire, one end of the wire is connected to the power supply circuit, and the other end is respectively connected to the first three-terminal transistor and the overcurrent protection circuit, and the wire is used for receiving and outputting the input electrical signal;

a first resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the power supply circuit, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the first three-terminal transistor;

A first Zener diode, one end of the first Zener diode is respectively connected to the first resistor and the first three-terminal transistor, and the other end of the first Zener diode is grounded.
The device according to claim 2, wherein the overcurrent protection circuit comprises:

an overcurrent detection circuit for detecting the received current of the input electrical signal and outputting the input electrical signal;

A second three-terminal transistor is connected to the overcurrent detection circuit, and when the overcurrent detection circuit detects that the current of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current, the second three-terminal transistor can be turned on , and output the overcurrent signal.
The device according to claim 7, wherein the overcurrent detection circuit comprises:

A second resistor, one end of the second resistor is connected to the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit outputting the input electrical signal, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the slow-start circuit receiving the input electrical signal input connection.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second three-terminal transistor comprises a first bipolar junction transistor.
The device according to claim 9, wherein the emitter of the first bipolar junction transistor is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the base of the first bipolar junction transistor is connected to the The other end of the second resistor is connected, and when the current of the input electrical signal flows through the second resistor, and the voltage difference between the two ends of the second resistor reaches the turn-on voltage, the first bipolar junction transistor is turned on. Self-conducting, the collector of the first bipolar junction transistor is used for outputting the overcurrent signal when the first bipolar junction transistor is turned on.
The device according to claim 2, wherein the slow-start circuit comprises:

A switch control circuit for disconnecting the switch control circuit when receiving the input electrical signal and the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit The connection between the output end of the device and the external power circuit;

The conducting circuit is used to conduct the connection between the output end of the switch control circuit and the external power circuit within a preset time period when only the input electrical signal is received.
The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the switch control circuit comprises a third three-terminal transistor.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the third three-terminal transistor comprises a second field effect transistor.
The device according to claim 13, wherein the gate of the second field effect transistor is respectively connected with the output end of the overvoltage protection circuit for outputting the overvoltage signal, and the overcurrent protection circuit outputs the overvoltage signal. the output terminal of the overcurrent signal is connected, the source of the second field effect transistor is respectively connected to the output terminal of the conduction circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit outputting the input electrical signal, the second field effect transistor The drain is connected to the external electrical circuit.
The device of claim 12, wherein the conducting circuit comprises:

The first capacitor is used to charge itself when only receiving the input electrical signal, and when the voltage of the first capacitor reaches the turn-on voltage of the third three-terminal transistor, the third three-terminal transistor is turned on a transistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
The device according to claim 15, wherein the conducting circuit further comprises:

A third resistor, the third resistor is connected in series with the first capacitor, one end of the third resistor is respectively connected to the other end of the first capacitor grounded, the overvoltage protection circuit outputs the output of the overvoltage signal terminal, the output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit outputting the overcurrent signal is connected, and the other terminal of the third resistor is grounded.
The device according to claim 15, wherein the conducting circuit further comprises:

A second Zener diode, the Zener diode is arranged in parallel with the first capacitor.
The device according to claim 2, wherein the device further comprises:

The self-check prompt voltage hold circuit is used to output a certain period of time to the external power circuit when receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit effective voltage, and at the same time output a prompt signal to the main control circuit so that the main control circuit saves the data of the external power consumption circuit.
The device according to claim 18, wherein the self-test prompt voltage hold circuit comprises:

a prompt circuit, used for outputting a prompt signal to the main control circuit to make the main control circuit when receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit Save the relevant data of the external power circuit;

an energy storage circuit for outputting an effective voltage for a certain period of time to the external power circuit when receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, When receiving the input electrical signal output by the slow-start circuit, it charges itself.
The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the tank circuit comprises:

A third capacitor, one end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the output end of the slow-start circuit outputting the input electrical signal and the input end of the external power circuit, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.
The device according to claim 19, wherein the prompt circuit comprises:

a voltage dividing resistor, configured to output a voltage dividing signal when receiving an overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit;

The fourth three-terminal transistor is used to turn itself on when receiving the divided voltage signal, and output a low-level signal to the main control circuit so that the main control circuit saves the data of the external power circuit ;

The seventh resistor is used to output a high-level signal to the main control circuit when receiving the input electrical signal output by the slow-start circuit.
The device according to claim 21, wherein the voltage dividing resistor comprises:

a fourth resistor, configured to output the divided voltage signal when receiving the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or the overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit;

The fifth resistor is connected in series with the fourth resistor and is grounded.
21. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the fourth three-terminal transistor comprises a second bipolar junction transistor.
The device of claim 23, wherein the emitter of the second bipolar junction transistor is used for grounding, and the base of the second bipolar junction transistor is used for receiving the output of the voltage divider resistor The divided voltage signal, when the divided voltage signal reaches the turn-on voltage, it turns itself on, and the collector of the second bipolar junction transistor is used to send to all the The main control circuit outputs a low level signal.
The device according to claim 21, wherein the prompt circuit further comprises:

a sixth resistor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to the fourth three-terminal transistor and the seventh resistor respectively, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected to the main control circuit;

A second capacitor, one end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the apparatus further comprises:

An anti-backflow circuit, one end of the anti-backflow circuit is connected to the slow-start circuit, and the other end is connected to the self-check prompt voltage hold circuit, for when the self-check prompt voltage hold circuit supplies power to the external circuit When outputting an effective voltage for a certain period of time, the effective voltage is prevented from being backflowed in the opposite direction.
The device of claim 26, wherein the anti-backflow circuit comprises a Schottky diode or an ideal diode.
A control method for a power input protection device, characterized in that, the method is applicable to the device according to any one of claims 1-27, and the method comprises:

controlling the overvoltage protection circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit to detect the received input electrical signal;

Controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit according to the received signal or to stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external electrical circuit;

Wherein, when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it outputs the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, and when the slow-start circuit also receives the overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or when an overcurrent signal is output by the overcurrent protection circuit, stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, and the overvoltage signal is the input received by the overvoltage protection circuit detected. The voltage of the electrical signal is output when the voltage is greater than the threshold protection voltage, and the overcurrent signal is output when the overcurrent protection circuit detects that the received current of the input electrical signal is greater than the threshold protection current.
The method according to claim 28, wherein the controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit according to the received signal or to stop outputting the input to the external power consumption circuit Electrical signals, including:

If the power input protection device is in the power-on state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit or not to output the input power to the external power circuit according to the received signal. Signal;

If the power input protection device is in the working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit according to the received signal or cut off the connection with the external power circuit, and not to the external power circuit. The external electrical circuit outputs the input electrical signal.
The method of claim 29, wherein if the power input protection device is in a working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to an external electrical circuit according to the received signal Or cut off the connection with the external power circuit, and not output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, including:

If the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, the slow-start circuit is controlled to continue to output the input electrical signal to the outside world. The electrical circuit outputs the input electrical signal.
The method of claim 29, wherein if the power input protection device is in a working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to an external electrical circuit according to the received signal Or cut off the connection with the external power circuit, and not output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, including:

If the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives the input electrical signal, it also receives the output signal from the overvoltage protection circuit. When there is an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the slow start circuit is controlled to cut off the connection with the external power supply circuit, and the input electrical signal is not output to the external power supply circuit .
The method of claim 29, wherein if the power input protection device is in a working state, the slow-start circuit is controlled to stably output the input electrical signal to an external electrical circuit according to the received signal Or cut off the connection with the external power circuit, and not output the input electrical signal to the external power circuit, including:

If the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives the input electrical signal, it also receives the output signal from the overvoltage protection circuit. When there is an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the power input protection device is controlled to delay cutting off the connection with the external power circuit, and a prompt signal is output to the main control circuit to make all The main control circuit saves the data of the external power consumption circuit within a first predetermined time.
The method according to claim 32, wherein, if the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives the When an electrical signal is input, and an overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit is received, the power input protection device is controlled to delay disconnection from the external power circuit connection, and output a prompt signal to the main control circuit so that the main control circuit saves the data of the external power circuit within the first predetermined time, including:

If the slow-start circuit is currently in a working state of outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives the input electrical signal, it also receives the output signal from the overvoltage protection circuit. When there is an overvoltage signal and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the slow start circuit is controlled to cut off the connection with the external power circuit, and at the same time, the self-test prompting voltage holding circuit is controlled to be sent to the outside world. The power supply circuit continues to supply power for a first predetermined time, and controls the self-checking prompt voltage holding circuit to output a prompt signal to the main control circuit so that the main control circuit retains the external power supply circuit within the first predetermined time. data.
The method according to claim 28, wherein the controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit according to the received signal or to stop outputting the input to the external power consumption circuit Electrical signals, including:

If the slow-start circuit is currently in a power-on start-up state or a working state that stops outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it controls the The slow-start circuit is connected with the external power circuit, and outputs the input electrical signal to the external power circuit.
The method according to claim 34, wherein if the slow-start circuit is currently in a power-on start-up state or a working state that stops outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit is in a power-on start state or a working state When the start-up circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it controls the slow-start circuit to connect with the external power-consuming circuit, and outputs the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, including:

If the slow-start circuit is currently in a power-on start-up state or a working state that stops outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit only receives the input electrical signal, it controls the The slow-start circuit connects with the external power consumption circuit within a predetermined time, and outputs the input electric signal to the external power consumption circuit.
The method according to claim 28, wherein the controlling the slow-start circuit to output the input electrical signal to the external power consumption circuit according to the received signal or to stop outputting the input to the external power consumption circuit Electrical signals, including:

If the slow-start circuit is currently in a power-on start-up state or a working state that stops outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit, when the slow-start circuit receives the input electrical signal, it also receives the input electrical signal. When there is an overvoltage signal output by the overvoltage protection circuit and/or an overcurrent signal output by the overcurrent protection circuit, the slow-start circuit is controlled to continue to stop outputting the input electrical signal to the external power-consuming circuit.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor implements the process according to any one of claims 28-36 The control method of the power input protection device.