CN117693867A - 用于电接触的电线连接件 - Google Patents
用于电接触的电线连接件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117693867A CN117693867A CN202380010462.9A CN202380010462A CN117693867A CN 117693867 A CN117693867 A CN 117693867A CN 202380010462 A CN202380010462 A CN 202380010462A CN 117693867 A CN117693867 A CN 117693867A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- conductor
- flat ribbon
- connection
- ribbon cable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/50—Fixed connections
- H01R12/59—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
- H01R12/63—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures connecting to another shape cable
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Abstract
本发明涉及电线连接件(10),其具有从扁平带状电缆(1)到电缆(2),特别是圆形电缆的横截面过渡区域(11),‑其中,在横截面过渡区域(11)中,提供扁平带状电缆(1)的导体带(1.1)与电缆(2)的导体(2.1)之间的电连接件,‑其中横截面过渡区域(11)具有用于电绝缘的封装件(12),其中在扁平带状电缆(1)上提供第一密封装置(1.3),在电缆(2)上提供第二密封装置(2.3),其中将第一密封装置(1.3)和第二密封装置(2.3)设计为双面胶带(4),并且其中胶带(4)布置在扁平带状电缆(1)的两个相反表面上并包围扁平带状电缆(1)的导体带(1.1)与电缆(2)的导体(2.1)之间的电连接件。
Description
本发明涉及具有横截面过渡区域的电线连接件、具有功能元件的基底和具有至少一个这种线连接件的复合玻璃板。
包括至少两个刚性玻璃板和以平面方式连接它们的一个中间层的复合玻璃板也可包含电部件。安装在复合玻璃板中的电部件可以是加热元件、天线元件以及可经由所谓的母线进行电接触的扁平安装的功能元件。以这种方式配备的复合玻璃板在汽车中用作挡风玻璃板、后玻璃板和侧玻璃板,或者也用于建筑领域。在这种情况下,部件,例如功能元件嵌入到复合玻璃板中。在复合玻璃板的制造过程中,功能元件从多层膜切割成所需的尺寸和形状,并嵌入中间层的膜之间。典型的中间层是聚乙烯醇缩丁醛膜,其除了它的粘附性能外还具有高韧性和高声阻尼。
这种复合玻璃板含有功能元件,该功能元件通常包括两个表面电极之间的活性层。该活性层的光学性能可以通过施加到表面电极的电压来改变。其实例是电致变色功能元件。另一实例是SPD功能元件(悬浮颗粒装置)或PDLC功能元件(聚合物分散液晶)。经由扁平带状导体,平面电极可以在复合玻璃板外部导电连接至控制模块(ECU)。控制模块旨在用于在表面电极之间施加电压。
这种电线连接件例如包括作为从扁平带状电缆到电缆,例如圆形电缆的过渡的横截面过渡区域。扁平带状电缆从复合玻璃板内部引出,以用作外部连接件。扁平带状电缆由至少一个薄载体基底和金属导体带(导体条)组成。另外,还提供另一覆盖层,以使得扁平带状电缆总体上形成具有三个子层的层压体。扁平带状电缆被焊接到靠近复合玻璃板边缘的连接表面上,并仅在该边缘上向外引导,在此处它们在距边缘一定距离处连接至圆形电缆。两条线的连接点嵌入由绝缘材料制成的封装件中。由于无法避免湿气渗入封装件,可能由于密封缺陷而导致连接点处发生故障。
GB 2539834 A描述了将扁平电缆和电缆电连接的电连接件,该电连接件包括第一密封件、任选的第二密封件和护套。护套至少包围第一密封件和电接触点。在该实施方案中,也无法避免在连接点处发生故障。
本发明的目的是提供改进的电线连接件,其确保在横截面过渡处可靠且持久的防水密封。
本发明的目的根据本发明通过根据独立权利要求1的电线连接件来实现。本发明的优选实施方案从从属权利要求中显现。
本发明包括电线连接件,其具有从扁平带状电缆到电缆,特别是圆形电缆的横截面过渡区域。该扁平带状电缆包括至少一个电导体带以及用于电绝缘该导体带的覆盖膜。所述电缆又包括至少一个电导体。扁平带状电缆的导体带与圆形电缆的导体之间的电连接件提供在横截面过渡区域中。此外,横截面过渡区域具有用于电绝缘电连接件的封装件。在扁平带状电缆上提供第一密封装置,并且在电缆上提供第二密封装置,将第一密封装置和第二密封装置设计为双面胶带。由于密封装置以密封方式搁置在扁平带状电缆和电缆上的事实,电线连接件具有持久稳定的防湿气密封性。
胶带布置在扁平带状电缆的两个相反表面上。此外,胶带在横截面过渡区域中在电连接件上延伸并且部分或完全地包围电连接件。因此确保了横截面过渡处的可靠且持久的防水密封性。胶带优选地以齐平的方式包围(圆形)电缆,即胶带提供在电缆整个周围。在这种情况下,可以在生产过程中将胶带紧固并模制到电缆上。也可以在生产封装件之前将胶带安装在电缆上。
根据一个实施方案,胶带是丙烯酸胶带。另外,胶带可以是透明的和/或压敏的。胶带的材料厚度优选为25μm至2mm。这导致扁平带状电缆的覆盖膜与封装件之间以及电缆与封装件之间的紧密连接。
在一个优选实施方案中,第一密封装置和第二密封装置完全嵌入封装件内。完全封闭密封装置有效地封闭了颗粒和水的通道并防止其渗透到封装件中,以避免损坏线连接件。
在根据本发明的电线连接件的另一个实施方案中,扁平带状电缆的导体带可以经由焊接连接件导电连接至电缆的导体。替代地,电连接件可以通过利用导电胶粘剂的胶粘连接件来产生。导电胶粘剂包含至少一种导电材料——优选金属材料——例如银、金或铝。导电胶粘剂还可以包含非金属电材料——例如石墨或碳。将所述至少一种导电材料引入到非导电胶粘剂基质——例如环氧树脂中。所述至少一种导电材料以这样的量包含在胶粘剂中,以使得实现所需的电流负载能力。优选地,所述胶粘剂中包含的所述至少一种导电材料的质量分数为至少70%。
扁平带状电缆(也称为扁平导体)包括至少一个施加到由塑料材料制成的作为载体基底的第一覆盖膜上的电导体带,该带也可以被第一覆盖膜覆盖。该覆盖膜形成包围电导体带的绝缘护套。第一覆盖膜优选包含聚酰亚胺(PI)或聚酯,特别优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN),或由其组成。覆盖膜还可以由电绝缘漆,优选聚合物漆组成。覆盖膜还可包含热塑性材料和弹性体,例如聚酰胺、聚甲醛、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯或乙烯丙烯二烯橡胶,或由其组成。或者,可以使用浇铸材料,例如丙烯酸酯或环氧树脂体系作为覆盖膜。这种覆盖膜是成本高效的并且简化生产过程。
特别是柔性和/或柔韧的扁平带状电缆用于电连接至例如电部件或表面电极。扁平带状电缆是具有两个相反面的二维体,其可以任选地形成平面或弯曲形状。在平面(即非弯曲)状态下,扁平带状电缆布置在一个平面中。扁平带状电缆通常是细长的并且沿着其延伸方向具有两个端部。扁平带状电缆还可提供有多个电导体带,它们特别地平行延伸。优选地,扁平导体可以具有多达32个,特别优选8至10个导体带。这些导体带布置在公共的平面中。每个导体带可具有矩形横截面。扁平带状电缆是具有一个或多个电导体带的细长电部件,其宽度明显大于厚度。扁平带状电缆被形成为足够薄(即厚度足够小),以使其是柔性和柔韧的。其宽度可为0.1mm至100mm。
此外,扁平带状电缆包括至少两个连接区域,这些连接区域在扁平带状电缆的沿延伸方向彼此相反的两端上具有导体带的接触点。扁平带状电缆的两个连接区域用于电接触导体带,为此目的,覆盖膜,即载体层和/或绝缘层至少在接触点处不存在或被去除,以使得导体带是可触及的。
这些电导体带可以彼此相邻地布置和/或至少部分地彼此叠置。在本发明的另一有利实施方案中,至少两个电导体带在至少两个,优选恰好两个或恰好三个或恰好四个平面中彼此叠置。这里,“彼此叠置”是指相对于扁平带状电缆的延伸平面,即相对于由扁平带状电缆的两个较大尺寸撑开的平面。有利地,至少两个导体带在每种情况下全等地布置在正交于延伸平面的投影中。替代地,导体带还可以被设计为在一个平面中更大并且可以基本上部分或完全地占据扁平带状电缆内的平面——优选地减去绝缘边缘区域。这增加该导体带的电流负载能力。
每个电导体带可以在沿着导体带彼此间隔开的两个接触点处电接触。接触点是可以进行电接触的导体带的区域。在最简单的实施方案中,它们是电导体带的可触及区域。在此可能必要且有利的是为每个极提供单独的线连接件,以使得在每种情况下提供扁平带状电缆的一个导体带用于连接至电缆的导体。
导体带通过印刷来施加。替代地,电导体带被预制为由金属膜制成的金属条,并且在两面上层压有塑料材料。在这两种情况下,电导体带都经过机械稳定并嵌入到覆盖膜(作为绝缘护套)中,以使得它们与外部环境电绝缘。
金属膜可包含铜膜、铝膜、不锈钢膜、锡膜、金膜或银膜或由其组成。金属膜还可以包含与所提及的金属的合金或由其组成。金属膜可以有利地部分或完全镀锡。这对于实现良好的可焊性且同时提供腐蚀保护特别有利。
在根据本发明的扁平带状电缆的一个有利实施方案中,所述至少一个导体带具有35μm至100μm,优选50μm至70μm的厚度。所述一个或多个导体带各自包含例如薄铜膜、银膜、锡膜或金膜。所述膜还可被电镀,例如镀银、镀金或镀锡。所述膜的厚度例如为35μm、50μm、75μm、100μm或150μm。这种薄导体特别柔性,并且例如可以容易地层压到复合玻璃板中或从复合玻璃板中引出。根据一个实施方案,电导体带具有0.05mm至40mm,优选1mm至20mm,特别是2mm至5mm的宽度。这样的宽度特别适合于结合上述厚度实现足够的电流负载能力。
这种柔性扁平带状电缆在其两端具有连接区域(接触点),该连接区域具有覆盖膜的至少一个凹部。
在根据本发明的电线连接件的另一个优选实施方案中,封装件具有塑料材料作为绝缘材料。在这种情况下,封装件可以由相应的固体塑料材料,例如与玻璃纤维结合的聚酰亚胺(PI)或PA66组成。封装件例如可以通过注射成型来制造,其中封装件被设计为矩形或圆形壳体。优选地,封装件基本上呈圆盘形状,其在电缆的出口区域处具有突出部。由于指向扁平带状电缆的封装件边缘具有倒圆,可以避免扁平带状电缆上的笔直弯曲边缘。
所述圆形电缆在其背离封装件的端部上具有连接元件,特别是插座或插头。除了导电导体(被称为内导体或也称为内芯、股线或芯)之外,电缆还可以包括绝缘的,优选聚合物的电缆护套,优选地在每种情况下在电缆的端部区域中去除绝缘电缆护套,以实现电缆的导体与扁平带状电缆或连接元件之间的导电连接件。电缆的导电导体可包含例如铜、铝和/或银、或其合金或混合物。电缆优选具有圆形或椭圆形横截面,其例如为0.3mm2至6mm2。
本发明还涉及具有包括根据本发明的电线连接件的功能元件的基底。
本发明还涉及包含根据本发明的基底的复合玻璃板。基底被设计为第一玻璃板,复合玻璃板具有第二玻璃板以及位于第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板之间的至少两个中间层。功能元件布置在两个中间层之间,扁平带状电缆的导体带在一端导电连接至功能元件的表面电极。
复合玻璃板包括第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板,其优选由玻璃制成,特别优选由钠钙玻璃制成,如窗玻璃板所惯用的那样。然而,玻璃板也可以由其它类型的玻璃,例如石英玻璃、硼硅酸盐玻璃或铝硅酸盐玻璃,或由硬质透明塑料材料,例如聚碳酸酯或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯制造。玻璃板可以是透明的、染色的或着色的。如果复合玻璃板用作挡风玻璃板,则其应在中央观察区域中具有足够的透光率——优选在根据ECE-R43的主观察区域A中至少70%的透光率。第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板也可以被称为外玻璃板和内玻璃板。
第一玻璃板、第二玻璃板和/或中间层可具有另外的本身已知的合适涂层——例如抗反射涂层、防粘涂层、防刮涂层、光催化涂层或防晒涂层、或低辐射涂层。
第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板的厚度可以广泛变化并因此适应个别情况的要求。第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板有利地具有0.7mm至25mm的标准厚度——对于运载工具玻璃而言优选1.4mm至2.5mm,对于家具、装置和建筑物,特别是对于电加热元件而言优选4mm至25mm。玻璃板的尺寸可以广泛变化并且取决于根据本发明的用途的尺寸。例如,在运载工具构造和建筑领域中,第一玻璃板和第二玻璃板具有200cm2至20m2的常规表面积。
该功能元件具有可电控光学性能,并且包括彼此叠置的第一载体膜、第一表面电极、活性层、第二表面电极和第二载体膜。根据本发明的复合玻璃板的一个实施方案,功能元件是所谓的聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)功能元件。
活性层具有可变的光学性能,其可以通过施加到活性层上的电压来控制。在本发明的上下文中,可电控光学性能被理解为是指可连续控制的性能,而且还意味着可以在两个或更多个离散状态之间切换的性能。光学性能特别涉及光透射和/或散射行为。
第一和第二载体膜特别是聚合物或热塑性膜。载体膜包含热塑性材料或尤其由其组成。该热塑性材料可以是热塑性聚合物或两种或更多种热塑性聚合物的混合物。除了热塑性材料之外,载体膜还可以包含添加剂,例如增塑剂。载体膜的热塑性材料优选为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),如市售功能元件中常见的那样。
载体膜的热塑性材料还可包含PET与其它热塑性聚合物的混合物和/或PET共聚物,或由其组成。载体膜的热塑性材料还可包含PU、聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙酸酯树脂、氟化乙烯丙烯、聚氟乙烯和/或乙烯四氟乙烯,或由其组成。每个载体膜的厚度优选为0.03mm至0.4mm,更优选0.04mm至0.2mm。
功能元件的扁平电极包括载体膜上的导电涂层。具有形成表面电极的导电涂层的载体膜的那面则面向活性层。
在另一个有利的实施方案中,功能元件可以被绝缘线分成多个段。绝缘线特别地被引入到表面电极中,以使得表面电极的段彼此电绝缘。各个段可以经由连接区域和扁平导体彼此独立地连接至外部电压源,以使得在运行状态下可以单独控制它们。在这种情况下,功能元件的一段具有两个连接区域。每个连接区域都有接触点。因此,例如,功能元件的各个区域可以独立切换——例如,作为遮阳板。
在另一优选实施方案中,功能元件是PNLC或SPD功能元件。在SPD功能元件的情况下,活性层包含悬浮颗粒,活性层对光的吸收可通过向表面电极施加电压来改变。聚合物网络液晶(PNLC)功能元件包含活性层,其中液晶嵌入聚合物网络中,运行模式在其它方面与PDLC功能元件的运行模式类似。
表面电极旨在电连接至外部电压源。表面电极的接触优选地通过(超声波)焊接、压接或胶粘连接来进行。为此目的,将导电材料,特别是糊剂或焊料接触点施加到表面电极的至少一个上。该糊剂含有银或含银合金。导电材料作为所谓的母线——例如导电材料带或导电印记——连接至表面电极。表面电极可以在每种情况下通过一个母线被电接触。
在母线的一个替代实施方案中,使用薄且窄的金属膜带或金属线,其优选地包含铜和/或铝;特别地,使用厚度为约50μm的铜膜带。铜膜带的宽度优选为1mm至10mm。当功能元件被进一步加工时,金属膜带或金属线以热塑性层的复合材料的形式施加到表面电极上。在随后的高压釜工艺中,通过热和压力的作用实现母线和涂层之间的可靠电接触。替代地,表面电极和母线之间的电接触可以通过焊接或用导电胶粘剂粘合来产生。
所述母线附接至表面电极,其中载体膜、表面电极和活性层省去,以使得具有相关载体膜的相应另一表面电极突出。这可以优选地沿着功能元件的相应面的边缘区域来进行。然后可以将母线附接至突出的表面电极上,或者可以将扁平带状电缆直接与表面电极接触。另一母线在相应功能元件的相反面上以对应的方式附接至另一表面电极。
在一个有利的实施方案中,功能元件是PDLC功能元件,特别是将装配玻璃单元的至少一个区域从透明状态切换到不透明状态(反之亦然)的功能元件。PDLC功能元件的活性层包含嵌入聚合物基质中的液晶。功能元件的厚度例如为0.09mm至1mm。
本发明还涉及具有根据本发明的电线连接件的运载工具。
本发明还涉及用于生产根据本发明的具有横截面过渡区域的电线连接件的方法,所述封装件通过注射成型来制造。在根据本发明的方法的第一实施方案中,将熔融形式的塑料材料以液态,特别是浓稠液态引入模具内部并包围横截面过渡区域。然后,使其连接至扁平带状电缆和(圆形)电缆并通过模具中温度和压力的作用固化。结果,圆形电缆和扁平带状电缆之间的连接件以防水密封方式受到保护并且同时被绝缘。
此外,本发明涉及根据本发明的电线连接件用于水陆空交通的运载工具,特别是机动车中的用途。
下面将参考附图和实施方案更详细地解释本发明。这些图是示意性表示,并非真实比例。附图不以任何方式限制本发明。
在附图中:
图1是复合玻璃板和包括根据本发明的线连接件的基底的示意性平面图,
图2是根据本发明的线连接件的一个实施方案的示意性平面图,
图3是扁平带状电缆的一个实施方案的示意性横截面,
图4显示了根据本发明的具有第一密封装置和第二密封装置的线连接件的一个实施方案,并且
图5A和5B是根据本发明的没有封装件的线连接件的平面图。
下面将参考附图更详细地阐述本发明。应当注意,描述了不同的方面,每个方面可以单独使用或组合使用。换句话说,任何方面都可以与本发明的不同实施方案一起使用,除非明确地示出为纯粹的替代方案。
具有数值的数据通常不应被理解为精确值,而是还包括+/-1%至+/-10%的容差。
图1显示了复合玻璃板100和包括根据本发明的线连接件10的基底101。复合玻璃板100或基底101例如可以被设计为装配玻璃单元。在这种情况下,复合玻璃板100被设计为机动车的顶玻璃板。
复合玻璃板100包括作为第一玻璃板101的基底以及第二玻璃板102。在安装位置中,第一玻璃板101用作内玻璃板并且第二玻璃板102用作外玻璃板。在这种情况下,内玻璃板是面向运载工具内部的玻璃板,而外玻璃板面向运载工具的周围环境。外玻璃板(第二玻璃板102)面向运载工具周围环境的表面称为表面I,如运载工具装配玻璃技术中惯用的那样,内玻璃板(第一玻璃板101)面向运载工具内部的表面称为表面IV。两个玻璃板101和102例如由钠钙玻璃组成。两个玻璃板101和102通过热塑性中间层103彼此刚性地连接,该热塑性中间层例如由聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)或聚氨酯(PU)制成。
复合玻璃板100还配备有类似的电功能元件,其位于两个玻璃板101和102之间。电功能元件可以例如是PDLC功能元件,其用作例如可电控遮光板或防窥板。PDLC功能元件由嵌入中间层103中的市售PDLC多层膜形成。为此目的,中间层103包括例如总共三个热塑性膜(未示出),其厚度为例如0.38mm并由PVB制成,其中第一热塑性膜连接至第一玻璃板101,第二热塑性膜连接至第二玻璃板102,以及位于其间的热塑性框架膜,该框架膜具有切口,按尺寸裁剪的功能元件以精确匹配的形式嵌入到该切口中。因此,第三热塑性膜可以说形成用于功能元件的一种安装座,因此功能元件整个周围被封装在热塑性材料中并由此受到保护。PDLC功能元件通常包括位于两个表面电极和两个载体膜之间的活性层。活性层包含其中分散有液晶的聚合物基质,液晶根据施加到表面电极上的电压而排列,因此可以控制光学性能。表面电极可以经由母线被电接触。需要电线连接件10来向母线施加电压。
复合玻璃板100还包括扁平带状电缆1。功能元件的母线导电连接至扁平带状电缆1。在这种情况下,优选地通过焊接连接件来实现可靠的导电连接。
应当理解,扁平带状电缆1可以适应实际使用的相应条件并且可以在例如两个、三个或四个平面上延伸。替代地或组合地,更多或更少的导体带可以在每个平面彼此相邻地布置。
如图1的示意性嵌入所示,扁平带状电缆1通过其第一端1.4部分地层压到复合玻璃板100中,并在两个玻璃板101和102之间引出复合玻璃板100。
扁平带状电缆1被引导在第一玻璃板101的侧表面周围并且布置在第一玻璃板101的表面IV上。为此目的,第一玻璃板101可以在出口区域29中具有凹部——例如以经打磨的区域的形式(此处未显示)。
扁平带状电缆1具有第一连接区域1.5和第二连接区域1.8,沿扁平带状电缆1的延伸方向,第一连接区域1.5位于扁平带状电缆1的第一端1.4处,第二连接区域1.8位于扁平带状电缆1的第二端1.7处。在第一连接区域1.5中,扁平带状电缆1具有至少一个用于功能元件的电(例如电流)接触的连接电极。第二连接区域1.8位于封装件12内,(圆形)电缆2的一端嵌入其中。例如,连接元件,例如插头或插座,可以布置在电缆2的背离扁平带状电缆1的端部上,其用于进一步电连接,例如连接至车载电子设备。
根据本发明的具有横截面过渡区域11的线连接件10(图2)可以容易地且成本高效地制造,并且允许布置在复合玻璃板100中的功能元件的节省空间、灵活使用和持久稳定的电接触。
图2是根据本发明的线连接件10的一个实施方案的平面图。显示了四个平行线连接件10。每个电线连接件10包括扁平带状电缆1,其具有导体带1.1和用于使导体带1.1绝缘的覆盖膜1.2。
每个扁平带状电缆1在其延伸方向上相反的两端1.4和1.7处分别具有第一连接区域1.5和第二连接区域1.8。扁平带状电缆1的连接区域1.5和1.8用于电接触相应的导体带1.1。第二连接区域1.8位于封装件12内部,电缆2的一端嵌入其中。
封装件12用于使扁平带状导体1和电缆2之间的电接触点(例如焊接点)绝缘。封装件12可以例如通过注射成型或3D打印来制造。封装件12例如由固体塑料材料,例如与玻璃纤维(高达50%)结合的聚酰胺(PA)和/或聚酰亚胺(PI)、PBT、PA611、PA12、PA6或PA66组成。封装件12还用于机械保护扁平带状导体1和电缆2之间的电接触。
覆盖膜1.2在接触点处至少部分地被去除,以使得导体带1.1是可触及的。为此目的,覆盖膜1.2具有凹部。这可以例如通过生产期间的窗户技术或通过随后去除覆盖膜1.2(例如通过激光烧蚀)来实现。例如,覆盖膜1.2由聚酰亚胺组成。它可以通过环氧树脂胶粘剂固定至导体带1.1。
横截面过渡区域11包括扁平带状电缆1的导体带1.1和圆形电缆2的导体2.1之间的电连接件10。横截面过渡区域11具有封装件12。
除了导电导体2.1之外,电缆2还包括绝缘聚合物电缆护套2.2,绝缘电缆护套2.2在电缆的端部区域中被去除,以实现电缆2的导体2.1和导体带1.1之间的导电连接。电缆2的导电导体2.1包含铜。电缆2具有圆形或椭圆形横截面,其横截面积为例如5mm2。
原则上,电缆2可以是本领域技术人员已知的用于功能元件的电接触的任何连接电缆,并且适合于通过压接或夹紧而连接至连接元件(也称为压接接触件)。电缆2的导体2.1在其面向扁平带状电缆1的端部处被剥掉并且经由焊接连接件5刚性地连接至导体带1.1。例如,连接元件,例如插头或插座可以布置在电缆2的背离扁平带状电缆1的端部上,其用于进一步电连接,例如连接至车载电子设备。
图3是扁平带状电缆1的示意性横截面。导体带1.1彼此均匀地间隔开并且每个都具有矩形横截面。导体带1.1被由第一覆盖膜1.2组成的绝缘护套包围。为此目的,覆盖膜1.2被粘合至导体带1.1。
扁平带状电缆1可以包括多个导体带1.1。然后,导体带1.1被布置为彼此相邻和/或彼此叠置。电导体带1.1例如由薄铜、银、锡或金膜组成。该膜还可被电镀,例如镀银、镀金或镀锡。膜的厚度例如为35μm、50μm、75μm或100μm。在这种情况下,导体带的宽度可以为1mm至22mm。
例如厚度为25μm的由聚酰亚胺制成的膜,优选黑色或黄色聚酰亚胺膜(例如PI-MTB/MBC),特别适合作为第一覆盖膜1.2的材料。替代地,可以使用由PEN,优选由白色PEN组成的聚合物膜,例如其厚度为25μm。
例如,第一覆盖膜1.2和电导体带1.1之间的胶粘层可以包含环氧树脂胶粘剂或热塑性胶粘剂或由其组成。胶粘膜的典型厚度为25μm至35μm。胶粘剂可以是透明的或着色的——例如黑色。
图4显示了根据本发明的包括第一密封装置1.3和第二密封装置2.3的线连接件的一个实施方案。根据本发明的电线连接件10包括从根据本发明的扁平带状电缆1到包括电导体2.1的圆形电缆2的横截面过渡区域11(图2)。扁平带状电缆1包括导体带1.1和覆盖膜1.2。
横截面过渡区域11包括扁平带状电缆1的导体带1.1和电缆2的导体2.1之间的电连接件。横截面过渡区域11具有封装件12。封装件12具有矩形横截面。
第一密封装置1.3提供在扁平带状电缆1上,第二密封装置2.3提供在电缆2上。第一密封装置1.3和第二密封装置2.3形成为双面胶带4,其布置在扁平带状电缆1的两个相反表面上。第一密封装置1.3施加在扁平带状电缆1的整个周围。
胶带4还在横截面过渡区域11中延伸。在这种情况下,扁平带状电缆1的导体带1.1和电缆2的导体2.1之间的电连接件被完全包封。当将封装件12施加到线连接件10时,第一密封装置1.3牢固地压靠扁平带状电缆1,并且第二密封装置2.3牢固地压靠电缆2,以使得在相应的电缆周围产生密封件。密封装置1.3和2.3的这种布置确保防止水通过毛细管效应渗透到封装件12中。胶带4的粘附力有利地支持封装件12与扁平带状电缆1或圆形电缆2的粘附,以使得封装件12与扁平带状电缆1或电缆2之间的连接非常紧密并且稳定。特别地,胶带4可以是丙烯酸胶带。另外,胶带4可以是透明的。胶带4的材料厚度可以具有25μm至2mm,优选100μm至150μm,特别优选130μm的厚度。
封装件12可以完全或仅部分地覆盖第一密封装置1.3和第二密封装置2.4。
图5A和5B是根据本发明的没有封装件12的线连接件10的平面图。图5A和5B显示了第一密封装置3.1和第二密封装置2.3。第一密封装置1.3和第二密封装置2.3形成为双面胶带4,其布置在扁平带状电缆1的两个相反表面上。第一密封装置1.3施加在扁平带状电缆1的整个周围。
胶带4还在横截面过渡区域11中延伸。结果,扁平带状电缆1的导体带1.1和圆形电缆2的导体2.1之间的电连接件被完全包封。
第二密封装置2.3呈环形。在这种情况下,第二密封装置2.3以齐平的方式包围电缆2,即第二密封装置2.3布置在电缆2的整个周围。第二密封装置2.3可以在生产期间紧固并模制到圆形电缆2上。第二密封装置2.3可以在生产封装件12之前安装到电缆2上。如图5A和5B所示,第二密封装置2.3形成为圆形电缆2上的套环部分。
附图标记列表:
1 扁平带状电缆
1.1 导体带
1.2 覆盖膜
1.3 第一密封装置
1.4 第一端
1.5 第一连接区域
1.6 扁平带状电缆的第一部分区域
1.7 第二端
1.8 第二连接区域
1.9 扁平带状电缆的第二部分区域
2 (圆形)电缆
2.1 电缆的导体
2.2 装有护套的电缆
2.3 第二密封装置
3 凹部
4 胶带
5 焊接连接件
10 线连接件
11 横截面过渡区域
12 封装件
17 插座或插头
19 防护壳体
100 复合玻璃板
101 第一玻璃板(基底)
102 第二玻璃板
103 中间层
I 第二玻璃板102的第二表面(外侧)
IV 第一玻璃板101的第一表面(内侧)
Claims (15)
1.电线连接件(10),其具有从扁平带状电缆(1)到电缆(2),特别是圆形电缆的横截面过渡区域(11),
-其中扁平带状电缆(1)包括至少一个电导体带(1.1)和用于使导体带(1.1)电绝缘的第一覆盖膜(1.2),
-其中电缆(2)包括至少一个电导体(2.1),
-其中,在横截面过渡区域(11)中,提供扁平带状电缆(1)的导体带(1.1)与电缆(2)的导体(2.1)之间的电连接件,
-其中横截面过渡区域(11)具有用于电绝缘的封装件(12),
其中,在扁平带状电缆(1)上提供第一密封装置(1.3),并且在电缆(2)上提供第二密封装置(2.3),其中将第一密封装置(1.3)和第二密封装置(2.3)设计为双面胶带(4),并且
其中,胶带(4)布置在扁平带状电缆(1)的两个相反表面上并包围扁平带状电缆(1)的导体带(1.1)与电缆(2)的导体(2.1)之间的电连接件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述胶带(4)是丙烯酸胶带。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述胶带(4)是透明的。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述胶带(4)是压敏的。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述胶带(4)具有25μm至2mm的材料厚度。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述第一密封装置(1.3)和所述第二密封装置(2.3)完全嵌入所述封装件(12)内。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述扁平带状电缆(1)的导体带(1.1)经由焊接连接件(5)导电连接至所述电缆(2)的导体(2.1)。
8.根据前述权利要求1至6中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述扁平带状电缆(1)的导体带(1.1)经由胶粘连接件导电连接至所述电缆(2)的导体(2.1)。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述封装件(12)具有塑料材料作为绝缘材料。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述封装件(12)被设计为矩形或圆形壳体。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述扁平带状电缆(1)是柔性的。
12.包括功能元件的基底,所述功能元件包括根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的电线连接件(10),其中所述功能元件具有电可控光学性能。
13.包括根据权利要求12所述的基底的复合玻璃板(100)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的复合玻璃板(100),其中所述基底形成为第一玻璃板(101),并且所述复合玻璃板(100)具有第二玻璃板(102)和位于所述第一玻璃板(101)和第二玻璃板(102)之间的两个中间层(103),其中功能元件布置在两个中间层(103)之间,并且扁平带状电缆(1)在一端(1.4)导电连接至功能元件的表面电极并在另一端(1.7)经由用于连接的电缆(2)导电连接至运载工具的电源电压。
15.运载工具,其包括根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电线连接件(10)。
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JP7028098B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-01 | 2022-03-02 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | スプライス部の固定構造 |
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