CN117680040A - Autoclave for continuous production of graphite - Google Patents
Autoclave for continuous production of graphite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117680040A CN117680040A CN202410046391.4A CN202410046391A CN117680040A CN 117680040 A CN117680040 A CN 117680040A CN 202410046391 A CN202410046391 A CN 202410046391A CN 117680040 A CN117680040 A CN 117680040A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- kettle body
- driving motor
- autoclave
- reaction
- carrier plate
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000006713 insertion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses autoclave for continuous production of graphite belongs to the technical field of graphite production. Comprising: the kettle body is fixedly provided with a heater at the outer side thereof, and is used for providing reaction temperature and drying temperature for raw materials in the kettle body; the filter cartridge is used for washing reaction products, is fixedly arranged at the top of the kettle body, and is detachably provided with a sealing cover at the top; the movable carrier plate is used for pushing the reaction raw materials or reaction products to move between the kettle body and the filter cylinder, and is arranged on the inner side of the kettle body in a sliding manner; this application is owing to adopted and has slided the inside at the cauldron body and set up and remove the carrier plate and promote the reaction raw materials and remove, can drive the material and carry out the heating reaction at the internal portion of cauldron, can drive reaction product after the reaction and remove the section of thick bamboo bottom and wash, drives the product again and get back to the internal portion of the cauldron body and dry after the washing, has solved unable problem of washing and drying work to the product, and then has realized conveniently washing dry effect to the reaction product.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of graphite production, and more specifically relates to an autoclave for continuous production of graphite.
Background
The expanded graphite is a novel functional carbon material, is a loose and porous vermiform substance obtained by intercalation, washing, drying and high-temperature puffing of natural graphite flakes, has a plurality of special properties, and can be widely applied to the fields of electrode materials, petrochemical industry, fireproof and flame-retardant materials, oil absorption materials, environmental protection, medical dressings, military fuming agents, antistatic coatings and the like.
In the related art, a graphite matrix is mixed with alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal powder, and the mixture reacts under the condition of pressurization to generate expanded graphite; the principle is that alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals have higher vapor pressure, and when the temperature is increased, the alkaline earth metals and the rare earth metals are intercalated between graphite layers in a gaseous form to form a metal-graphite interlayer compound; these compounds have high expansion properties and expand rapidly when subjected to high temperatures or flames to form expanded graphite; since the vapor pressure of the metal is affected by temperature and pressure, the progress of the intercalation reaction and the composition of the product can be controlled by adjusting the temperature and pressure; when the above insertion reaction is carried out, the graphite matrix, alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal powder are required to be mixed in the reaction kettle, metal steam is generated by heating the reaction kettle, so that the heating work of the reaction kettle is realized rapidly, and the production efficiency is improved, for example, the electromagnetic heating test pressurizing kettle is provided in the patent with the prior art publication number of CN218795751U, the electromagnetic heating test pressurizing kettle is controlled by the control electric box, the electromagnetic heating is realized by adopting the outer lining magnetic conductive stainless steel as a heating medium through the kettle body, the electromagnetic heating is realized, the kettle body adopts the assembling mode of interference fit, and during cooling, the cooling water is input into the outer water cooling coil pipe through the outer water conveying pipeline to circularly flow, heat exchange is carried out with the contacted kettle body, the rapid cooling is realized, and the heated water liquid flows out from the other end of the outer water cooling coil pipe to the water outlet pipeline.
According to the prior art scheme, although the effect of rapid heating of the reaction kettle can be achieved through an electromagnetic heating technology, after the insertion reaction is completed, the product cannot be washed and dried, so that the expanded graphite cannot be continuously processed and produced in the kettle body, and the reaction product is discharged to be washed and dried independently, so that the complexity of the production and processing of the expanded graphite is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this application is to provide the autoclave for graphite continuous production, has solved unable technical problem to wash and dry the work to the product, has realized can wash and dry the technical effect to the expanded graphite product.
The application provides an autoclave for continuous production of graphite, comprising:
the kettle body is characterized in that a heater is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the kettle body and used for providing reaction temperature and drying temperature for materials in the kettle body;
a filter cartridge for washing reaction products, the filter cartridge being arranged at the top end of the kettle body, the filter cartridge being arranged in communication with the kettle body;
the movable carrier plate is arranged in the kettle body in a sliding manner, and is driven to move in the kettle body so as to push the reaction raw materials or reaction products to move between the kettle body and the filter cylinder;
the stirrer is rotationally arranged at the top of the movable carrier plate and is used for stirring reaction raw materials or reaction products; preferably, the outside of the kettle body is communicated with a pressurizing pipe and a pressure release pipe, and
one end of the pressurizing pipe, which is far away from the kettle body, is connected with a pressure pump;
and a sealing valve A is arranged at one end of the pressurizing pipe and one end of the pressure relief pipe, which are communicated with the kettle body.
Preferably, the top surface of the movable carrier plate is in a conical shape and is used for guiding the reaction raw materials and the reaction products to be close to the inner wall of the kettle body.
Preferably, the stirrer comprises a first stirring frame, the first stirring frame is arranged on the outer side of a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is driven by the stirring shaft to drive the first stirring frame to rotate, and the first stirring frame is rotatably arranged at the top end of the movable carrier plate; and is also provided with
One side of the first stirring frame can be attached to the side wall of the movable carrier plate;
the first stirring frame can be mutually attached to the inner wall of the filter cylinder.
Preferably, a sealing cover is detachably arranged at the top of the filter cylinder, and a driving motor for driving the stirring shaft to rotate is fixedly arranged at one side of the sealing cover;
a screw rod is arranged between the output shaft of the driving motor and the stirring shaft, a thread bush is sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod, and the thread bush is embedded at the top end of the sealing cover through a switching component, so that when the switching component works in a first state, the driving motor drives the stirrer to rotate; when the switching component works in the second state, the driving motor drives the stirrer and the movable carrier plate to move in the kettle body.
Preferably, the switching assembly includes:
the threaded sleeve is rotatably arranged at the top of the sealing cover through the bearing;
the friction disc is fixedly arranged at the top of the thread sleeve;
the friction plate is fixedly arranged at the output end of a hydraulic push rod A, and the hydraulic push rod A is fixedly arranged at one side of the sealing cover;
wherein: when the friction plate is far away from the friction plate, the driving motor drives the screw rod and the thread bush to rotate; when the hydraulic push rod A drives the friction plate to be abutted against the friction plate, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate relative to the thread bush.
Preferably, the switching assembly includes:
the screw sleeve is rotatably arranged at the top of the sealing cover through the one-way bearing;
the driving motor is a forward and backward rotating motor, and when the driving motor rotates forward, the driving motor drives the screw rod and the threaded sleeve to rotate; when the driving motor reversely rotates, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate relative to the threaded sleeve.
Preferably, the switching assembly includes:
the electromagnetic ring is arranged at the top of the sealing cover in a rotating way through the electromagnetic ring; the electromagnetic transducer can be attracted to the sealing cover;
when the electromagnetic ring is not electrified, the driving motor can drive the screw rod and the threaded sleeve to rotate; when the electromagnetic ring is electrified and attracted on the sealing cover, the driving motor can drive the screw rod to rotate relative to the threaded sleeve.
Preferably, the screw rod is a reciprocating screw rod, a driving block is sleeved on the outer side of the reciprocating screw rod, and the driving block can move along the reciprocating screw rod;
the bottom end of the driving block is embedded with a driving ring, and the driving ring is fixedly arranged at the top end of the first stirring frame through a driving rod;
the first stirring frame is arranged on the outer side in a sliding manner through a sliding groove formed in the outer wall of the stirring shaft.
Preferably, the top end of the filter cylinder is communicated with a washing pipe, and one end of the washing pipe, which is far away from the filter cylinder, is communicated with a feeding device for providing washing materials; and is also provided with
A sealing valve C is arranged on the material washing pipe between the filter cylinder and the feeding equipment;
the outer side of the filter cylinder is fixedly provided with a sealing cylinder, one side of the sealing cylinder is communicated with an exhaust pipe, and one end of the exhaust pipe, which is far away from the sealing cylinder, is connected with a negative pressure pump;
a discharge pipe communicated with the bottom of the sealing cylinder; and is also provided with
And a sealing valve B is arranged on one side of the exhaust pipe, which is close to the sealing cylinder, of the exhaust pipe.
As an alternative scheme of this application file technical scheme, still include the mouth-piece, the mouth-piece is fixed to be set up in the bottom of the cauldron body, the internal diameter at mouth-piece top is greater than the external diameter of the cauldron body, the annular array in cauldron body bottom is provided with the arc, the arc mutually supports with the outside of removing the carrier plate.
As an alternative scheme of this application file technical scheme, the (mixing) shaft runs through the inboard that sets up in removing the carrier plate, the (mixing) shaft outside is located the fixed second stirring frame that is provided with of below that removes the carrier plate, the second stirring frame is laminated each other with the inner wall of mouth-gag.
As an alternative scheme of this application file technical scheme, sealed section of thick bamboo top is fixed and is provided with hydraulic push rod B, hydraulic push rod B's drive end is fixed to be set up in sealed top of lid, hydraulic push rod B passes through the fixed top that sets up in sealed section of thick bamboo of fixed plate, the fixed slider that is provided with in the fixed plate outside, the slider outside slides and is provided with the slide rail, the slide rail is fixed to be set up in sealed top of lid, the slide rail outside slides and is provided with the slide.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
(1) The reaction raw materials are pushed to move by the movable carrier plate in the kettle body in a sliding manner, the materials can be driven to perform heating reaction in the kettle body, the reaction products can be driven to move to the bottom of the filter cylinder to perform washing after the reaction, and the products are driven to return to the kettle body to perform drying after the washing, so that the problem that the products cannot be washed and dried is effectively solved, and the effect of conveniently performing washing and drying on the reaction products is further realized.
(2) This application is provided with the agitator through the rotation of the top at the removal carrier plate, and the agitator can mix the stirring to the raw materials when reacting under driving motor's drive to through the agitator stirring washing when washing reaction product, and clear up the reaction product of adhesion through the agitator when unloading after the drying, reached multi-functional effect.
(3) This application is through setting up driving motor drive agitator at the top of sealed lid and rotating, and the convenience mixes stirring and unloading clearance to the raw materials, when removing the carrier plate and need reciprocate, can realize sliding from top to bottom under driving motor drive to the leakproofness that driving motor and sealed lid are connected has been guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an autoclave for continuous production of graphite disclosed in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an autoclave for continuous production of graphite as disclosed in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the semi-section structure of FIG. 2 at A-A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a stirrer in an autoclave for continuous production of graphite as disclosed in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outside of the autoclave body for continuous production of graphite according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a seal cover in an autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a switching member in an autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing another view of a switching assembly in an autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to another embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. a kettle body; 11. a heater; 12. a pressurizing tube; 13. a pressure relief tube; 14. a sealing valve A; 15. a bracket; 16. an arc-shaped plate; 17. a pressure detector; 18. a temperature and humidity detector;
2. a filter cartridge; 21. sealing cover; 22. a sealing cylinder; 23. an exhaust pipe; 24. a discharge pipe; 25. a sealing valve B; 26. washing a material pipe; 27. a sealing valve C;
3. moving the carrier plate;
4. a stirrer; 41. a first stirring frame;
5. a driving motor; 51. a stirring shaft; 52. a second stirring frame; 53. a screw rod; 54. a thread sleeve; 55. a slide; 56. a switching assembly; 561. a bearing; 562. a friction plate; 563. a friction plate; 564. a hydraulic push rod A; 57. a driving block; 571. a guide rod; 58. a drive ring; 59. a drive rod;
6. a mouth-closing device;
7. a hydraulic push rod B; 71. a fixing plate; 72. a slide block; 73. a slide rail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
An autoclave for continuous production of graphite and a method of using the autoclave described in the examples of the present application are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the embodiment of the application discloses an autoclave for continuous production of graphite, which comprises a autoclave body 1, wherein a heater 11 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the autoclave body 1 and is used for heating graphite base materials, alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal powder in the autoclave body 1; the fixed filter cylinder 2 that is provided with in cauldron body 1 top, filter cylinder 2 top can be dismantled and be provided with sealed lid 21, and the inside slip of cauldron body 1 is provided with removes carrier plate 3 for move graphite matrix, alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal powder from the internal portion of cauldron like filter cylinder 2 inside washing, remove carrier plate 3 top rotation and be provided with agitator 4, sealed lid 21 top is provided with and is used for driving agitator 4 pivoted driving motor 5, and driving motor 5 drive removes carrier plate 3 and reciprocates in the inboard of cauldron body 1.
After graphite base stock, alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal are put into the kettle body 1 according to a certain proportion, reaction raw materials are positioned in the kettle body 1 under the support of the movable carrier plate 3, at the moment, the raw materials in the kettle body are heated by the heater 11 outside the kettle body 1 to promote the insertion reaction, the raw materials at the top of the movable carrier plate 3 are stirred and mixed by the driving motor 5 in the reaction process, after the insertion reaction is completed, the pressure and the temperature of the inside of the kettle body 1 are reduced, then the movable carrier plate 3 is driven by the driving motor 5 to slide upwards in the kettle body 1, the movable carrier plate 3 drives reaction products to be positioned at the bottom of the filter cylinder 2, at the moment, a washing medium is input into the filter cylinder 2, and the driving motor 5 drives the stirrer 4 again to stir and wash the reaction products in the filter cylinder 2, the expanded graphite is filtered after washing, then the movable carrier plate 3 is driven by the driving motor 5 to move downwards to reset, at the moment, the heater 11 is continuously heated, and the washed expanded graphite is dried under the continuous stirring of the stirrer 4, so that the effects of promoting the insertion reaction and the washing and drying of the reaction products are achieved.
Because the metal powder steam generation reaction needs higher temperature, in order to reduce the reaction temperature, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the outside of the kettle body 1 is fixedly provided with a pressurizing pipe 12 and a pressure relief pipe 13, the other end of the pressurizing pipe 12 is connected with a pressure pump, a sealing valve A14 is arranged between the pressurizing pipe 12 and the pressure relief pipe 13 and the kettle body 1, the outside of the kettle body 1 is fixedly provided with a bracket 15, and the outside of the kettle body 1 is fixedly provided with a pressure detector 17 and a temperature and humidity detector 18.
Opening a sealing valve A14 between a pressurizing pipe 12 and a kettle body 1, inputting pressurized gas into the kettle body 1 through the pressurizing pipe 12, increasing the pressure in the kettle body 1, detecting the pressure through a pressure detector 17, detecting the temperature in the kettle body 1 through a temperature and humidity detector 18, triggering an insertion reaction when the pressure and the temperature in the kettle body 1 reach set thresholds, opening the sealing valve A14 between a pressure relief pipe 13 and the kettle body 1 after the reaction, releasing pressure and reducing temperature in the kettle body 1 through the pressure relief pipe 13, and generating expandable graphite and doped reaction raw materials in the kettle body 1.
In order to ensure sufficient reaction, in the reaction process, the stirrer 4 is driven by the driving motor 5 to rotate at the top of the movable carrier plate 3, and referring to fig. 1 and 4, a stirring shaft 51 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the driving motor 5, the stirring shaft 51 is rotatably arranged at the inner side of the movable carrier plate 3, and a first stirring frame 41 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the stirring shaft 51.
When the driving motor 5 operates to drive the stirring shaft 51 to rotate, the stirring shaft 51 drives the first stirring frame 41 on the outer side to rotate on the outer side of the movable carrier plate 3, the first stirring frame 41 is used for stirring and mixing reaction raw materials on the top of the movable carrier plate 3, and when the movable carrier plate 3 drives reaction products to be positioned at the bottom of the filter cylinder 2, the driving motor 5 drives the stirrer 4 to wash the reaction products inside the filter cylinder 2, so that the full reaction of the raw materials is facilitated, and the subsequent washing work is facilitated.
In order to ensure that the raw materials at the top of the movable carrier plate 3 can be fully contacted with the inner wall of the kettle body 1 for heating, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the top of the movable carrier plate 3 is conical and is used for guiding the reaction raw materials to approach the inner wall of the kettle body 1; the outside of the first stirring frame 41 can be mutually attached to the top of the movable carrier plate 3 and the inside of the kettle body 1, and the first stirring frame 41 is mutually attached to the inner wall of the filter cartridge 2.
The movable carrier plate 3 with the conical structure can draw raw materials to the inner wall of the kettle body 1 in the stirring and mixing process, so that the raw materials are fully contacted with heat on the inner wall of the kettle body 1, the raw materials are prevented from accumulating at the top of the movable carrier plate 3 under the action of the first stirring frame 41, and meanwhile, when the movable carrier plate 3 drives reaction products to be washed and filtered through the filter cartridge 2, the inner wall of the filter cartridge 2 can be cleaned under the action of the first stirring frame 41, and the reaction products are prevented from blocking the filter cartridge 2 during filtering.
In order to enable the driving motor 5 to drive the stirrer 4 to rotate and stir and then drive the movable carrier plate 3 to lift and slide in the kettle body 1, referring to fig. 2, 4 and 6, a screw rod 53 is fixedly arranged between the driving end of the driving motor 5 and the stirring shaft 51, a threaded sleeve 54 is connected to the outer side of the screw rod 53 in a threaded manner, and the threaded sleeve is embedded into the top end of the sealing cover through a switching component 56, so that when the switching component works in a first state, the driving motor drives the stirrer to rotate; when the switching component works in the second state, the driving motor drives the stirrer and the movable carrier plate to move in the kettle body.
In this embodiment, the switching assembly includes a bearing 561, a friction disc 562, and a friction disc 563, where the threaded sleeve 54 is rotatably disposed at the top of the sealing cover 21 through the bearing 561, the friction disc 562 is fixedly disposed at the top of the threaded sleeve 54, the friction disc 562 is disposed at the top of the friction disc 562, the friction disc 563 is fixedly disposed at the driving end of the hydraulic push rod a564, the hydraulic push rod a564 is fixedly disposed at the top of the sealing cover 21, the driving motor 5 is fixedly disposed at the top of the sliding seat 55, and the sliding seat 55 is vertically slidably disposed at the top of the sealing cover 21.
In this embodiment, when the driving motor 5 drives the agitator 4 to rotate, the hydraulic push rod a564 drives the friction plate 563 to be away from the top of the friction plate 562, the driving motor 5 drives the stirring shaft 51 to rotate through the screw rod 53, and at this time, the screw rod 53 drives the threaded sleeve 54 of the external threaded connection to synchronously rotate, that is, the switching assembly works in the first state. When the driving motor 5 drives the movable carrier plate 3 to lift, the hydraulic push rod a564 pushes the friction plate 563 to compress on the top of the friction plate 562, so that the threaded sleeve 54 at the bottom of the friction plate 562 cannot rotate, and when the driving motor 5 drives the screw rod 53 to rotate, the screw rod 53 rotates relatively to the threaded sleeve 54, at this time, the screw rod 53 pushes the driving motor 5 to move up and down, that is, the switching assembly works in a second state, so that the sliding seat 55 at the bottom of the driving motor 5 slides up and down on the top of the sealing cover 21, wherein the bearing 561 is a sealing bearing, and the tightness of the sealing cover 21 is ensured.
When the reaction product after washing and drying is discharged, the movable carrier plate 3 is driven by the driving motor 5 to continuously slide downwards, so that the movable carrier plate 3 is separated from the bottom of the kettle body 1 to automatically discharge, a closing-in device 6 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the kettle body 1, the inner diameter of the top of the closing-in device 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the kettle body 1, an annular array at the bottom of the kettle body 1 is provided with an arc plate 16, and the arc plate 16 is matched with the outer side of the movable carrier plate 3.
When the driving motor 5 drives the movable carrier plate 3 to separate from the bottom of the kettle body 1, the movable carrier plate 3 is positioned on the inner side of the arc plate 16, the resistance of the movable carrier plate 3 is increased by the mutual cooperation of the arc plate 16 and the outer side of the movable carrier plate 3, so that reaction products at the top of the movable carrier plate 3 automatically fall under the action of a conical structure, and meanwhile, the stirrer 4 at the top cleans the reaction products which cannot automatically fall, so that the sufficiency of blanking is ensured, and the continuous production and processing of the expanded graphite are facilitated.
In order to prevent reaction products at the top of the movable carrier plate 3 from being attached to and accumulated on the inner wall when falling into the mouth-piece 6, referring to fig. 3 and 4, a stirring shaft 51 is penetrating through the inner side of the movable carrier plate 3, a second stirring frame 52 is fixedly arranged below the movable carrier plate 3 on the outer side of the stirring shaft 51, and the second stirring frame 52 and the inner wall of the mouth-piece 6 are mutually attached.
When the movable carrier plate 3 is positioned at the inner side of the kettle body 1, the movable carrier plate 3 drives the second stirring frame 52 to be far away from the inner wall of the mouth collector 6 through the stirring shaft 51, when the movable carrier plate 3 is positioned at the inner side of the arc plate 16, the stirring shaft 51 drives the second stirring frame 52 to be attached to the inner wall of the mouth collector 6, and under the condition of the stirring shaft 51, the stirrer 4 can be driven to clean the top of the movable carrier plate 3, and meanwhile, the second stirring frame 52 is driven to clean the inner wall of the mouth collector 6.
When the reaction product is washed, referring to fig. 1, a washing pipe 26 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealing cover 21, a sealing valve C27 is arranged between the washing pipe 26 and the sealing cover 21, the other end of the washing pipe 26 is connected with a feeding device, a washing medium is contained in the feeding device, the washing medium can be a washing medium, and in some schemes of washing by carbon dioxide, the washing medium can be carbon dioxide.
The washing medium is fed to the washing pipe 26 through the feeding means, and enters the inside of the filter cartridge 2 through the washing pipe 26 so as to wash the reaction products, and before washing, the washing pipe 26 is closed by the sealing valve C27 so as to secure the sealability of the sealing cap 21.
After the reaction products are washed, referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, a sealing cylinder 22 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the filter cylinder 2, an exhaust pipe 23 is fixedly arranged on the top of the sealing cylinder 22, a negative pressure pump is connected to the other end of the exhaust pipe 23, a discharge pipe 24 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the sealing cylinder 22, and sealing valves B25 are respectively arranged between the exhaust pipe 23, the discharge pipe 24 and the sealing cylinder 22.
The air in the sealing cylinder 22 is pumped out by the negative pressure pump, so that negative pressure is formed in the sealing cylinder 22, waste liquid in the filtering cylinder 2 is filtered into the sealing cylinder 22 and is discharged through the discharge pipe 24, the washed reaction product is filtered in the filtering cylinder 2, and is accumulated on the top of the movable carrier plate 3 again under the cleaning of the stirrer 4, the subsequent drying is facilitated under the driving of the movable carrier plate 3, and the exhaust pipe 23 and the discharge pipe 24 can be sealed in the reaction process under the action of the sealing valve B25, so that the tightness of the inside of the kettle body 1 is ensured.
For conveniently throwing reaction raw materials into the kettle body 1, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, a hydraulic push rod B7 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealing cylinder 22, the driving end of the hydraulic push rod B7 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealing cover 21, the hydraulic push rod B7 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealing cylinder 22 through a fixing plate 71, a sliding block 72 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the fixing plate 71, a sliding rail 73 is slidably arranged at the outer side of the sliding block 72, the sliding rail 73 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealing cover 21, and a sliding seat 55 is slidably arranged at the outer side of the sliding rail 73.
When the production raw materials are put into production, the sealing cover 21 is driven to move upwards through the hydraulic push rod B7, so that the sealing cover 21 drives the sliding rail 73 to slide outside the sliding block 72, the lifting stability of the sealing cover 21 is ensured, at the moment, the sealing cover 21 is far away from the top of the filter cylinder 2, and the reaction raw materials can be added into the kettle body 1 through the filter cylinder 2; and the driving motor 5 at the top of the sealing cover 21 slides outside the sliding rail 73 through the sliding seat 55 when lifting, so that the lifting stability of the driving motor 5 is ensured.
In view of the above, when the autoclave for continuous production of graphite disclosed in the embodiment of the application is used, the sealing cover 21 is driven by the hydraulic push rod B7 to move upwards to be far away from the top of the filter cylinder 2, the graphite base material, alkaline earth metal and rare earth metal are put into the autoclave body 1 according to a certain proportion through the filter cylinder 2, and then the sealing cover 21 is driven by the hydraulic push rod B7 to reset at the top of the filter cylinder 2.
Starting heater 11 heats the inside raw materials of cauldron body 1, simultaneously through driving motor 5 drive (mixing) shaft 51 rotation, makes (mixing) shaft 51 drive the outside first stirring frame 41 in the outside rotation of removal carrier plate 3, stirs the reaction raw materials that moves carrier plate 3 top through first stirring frame 41 and mixes, and the removal carrier plate 3 of toper structure can be in the in-process of stirring and mixing with the raw materials to the inner wall of cauldron body 1 draw close, makes the raw materials fully contact with the heat on the inner wall of cauldron body 1.
Opening a sealing valve A14 between a pressurizing pipe 12 and a kettle body 1, inputting pressurized gas into the kettle body 1 through the pressurizing pipe 12, increasing the pressure in the kettle body 1, detecting the pressure through a pressure detector 17, detecting the temperature in the kettle body 1 through a temperature and humidity detector 18, triggering an insertion reaction when the pressure and the temperature in the kettle body 1 reach set thresholds, opening the sealing valve A14 between a pressure relief pipe 13 and the kettle body 1 after the reaction, releasing pressure and reducing temperature in the kettle body 1 through the pressure relief pipe 13, and generating expandable graphite and doped reaction raw materials in the kettle body 1.
When the driving motor 5 drives the stirrer 4 to rotate, the hydraulic push rod A564 drives the friction plate 563 to be far away from the top of the friction plate 562, the driving motor 5 drives the stirring shaft 51 to rotate through the screw rod 53, at the moment, the screw rod 53 drives the threaded sleeve 54 in threaded connection on the outer side to synchronously rotate, when a reaction product is washed, the hydraulic push rod A564 pushes the friction plate 563 to be pressed on the top of the friction plate 562, so that the threaded sleeve 54 at the bottom of the friction plate 562 cannot rotate, the driving motor 5 drives the screw rod 53 to rotate relatively to the threaded sleeve 54, at the moment, the screw rod 53 pushes the driving motor 5 to move upwards, the driving motor 5 drives the sliding seat 55 to move upwards along the sliding rail 73, and the moving stability of the driving motor 5 is ensured.
When the movable carrier plate 3 is positioned at the bottom of the filter cylinder 2, the driving motor 5 stops moving, at the moment, the hydraulic push rod A564 drives the friction plate 563 to be away from the top of the friction plate 562, the driving motor 5 drives the screw sleeve 54 which is in threaded connection with the outer side to synchronously rotate when driving the stirring shaft 51 to rotate through the screw rod 53, so that the driving motor 5 can drive the stirrer 4 to rotate in the filter cylinder 2, then the washing medium is conveyed to the washing pipe 26 through the feeding equipment, the washing medium enters the filter cylinder 2 through the washing pipe 26, the reaction product is favorable for rapid washing under the stirring action of the stirrer 4, and after washing, the air in the seal cylinder 22 is pumped out through the negative pressure pump, so that negative pressure is formed in the seal cylinder 22, so that waste liquid in the filter cylinder 2 is filtered into the seal cylinder 22, finally, the washed reaction product is filtered in the filter cylinder 2 and accumulated on the top of the movable carrier plate 3 again under the cleaning of the stirrer 4.
The movable carrier plate 3 is driven to move downwards to reset through the driving motor 5, the driving motor 5 drives the stirrer 4 to stir the washed product after reset, the kettle body 1 is heated through the heater 11, drying of the reaction product after internal washing is facilitated, and at the moment, the humidity inside the kettle body 1 is detected through the temperature and humidity detector 18.
When the drying standard is reached, the movable carrier plate 3 is driven by the driving motor 5 to slide downwards to the inner side of the arc plate 16, and the resistance of the movable carrier plate 3 is increased by the mutual cooperation of the arc plate 16 and the outer side of the movable carrier plate 3, so that the reaction product at the top of the movable carrier plate 3 automatically falls under the action of the conical structure.
When the movable carrier plate 3 is positioned on the inner side of the arc plate 16, the stirring shaft 51 drives the second stirring frame 52 to be attached to the inner wall of the necking device 6, the stirrer 4 can be driven to clean the top of the movable carrier plate 3 under the condition of the stirring shaft 51, and meanwhile, the second stirring frame 52 is driven to clean the inner wall of the necking device 6 so as to ensure smooth discharging.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific structure of the switching assembly is different, in this embodiment, the switching assembly includes a one-way bearing, and the threaded sleeve is rotatably disposed on the top of the sealing cover through the one-way bearing; the driving motor is a forward and backward rotating motor, and when the driving motor rotates forward, the driving motor drives the screw rod and the threaded sleeve to rotate, namely the switching assembly works in a first state; when the driving motor rotates reversely, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate relative to the threaded sleeve, namely the switching assembly works in a second state.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the specific structure of the switching assembly is different, in this embodiment, the switching assembly includes an electromagnetic ring, where the threaded sleeve is rotatably disposed on the top of the sealing cover through the electromagnetic ring; and the electromagnetic transducer can be attracted on the sealing cover. In this technical solution of the embodiment, when the electromagnetic ring is not energized, the driving motor can drive the screw rod and the threaded sleeve to rotate, i.e. the switching assembly works in the first state; when the electromagnetic ring is electrified and attracted on the sealing cover, the driving motor can drive the screw rod to rotate relative to the threaded sleeve, namely the switching assembly works in a second state. Wherein, the material of the sealing cover can be attracted by the electromagnetic ring.
Example 4
This example is an improvement on the technology of example 1 to example 3, and in the technical solutions of example 1 to example 3, the switching assembly is operated in the first state to stir the reaction raw material or the reaction product mainly by the first stirring frame; the switching component drives the reaction raw materials or reaction products to move to the filter cylinder/kettle body from the kettle body/filter cylinder by moving the carrier plate in the second state working group. The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application also include a switching component, which may be the corresponding technical solutions in embodiments 1 to 3. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the screw is a reciprocating screw, a driving block 57 is sleeved on the outer side of the reciprocating screw, and the driving block can move along the reciprocating screw, wherein a guide rod 571 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the sealing cover, and the driving block is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod, so that when the reciprocating screw rotates, the driving block can lift along the guide rod; the bottom end of the driving block is embedded with a driving ring 58, and the driving ring 58 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the first stirring frame through a driving rod 59; the first stirring frame is arranged on the outer side in a sliding way through a sliding groove formed in the outer wall of the stirring shaft.
In this solution, the first stirring frame is no longer always attached to the top end of the mobile carrier plate, but can be moved relative to the mobile carrier plate.
That is, no matter the switching component works in the first state or the second state, the switching component can drive the reciprocating screw to rotate, and in the process of rotating the reciprocating screw, the first stirring frame can be driven to rotate through the chute; on the other hand, the reciprocating screw rod can drive the driving block to move up and down, and the driving block can drive the first stirring frame to lift through the driving ring and the driving rod in the moving process.
In this technical scheme, it is mainly hoped that the switching component drives first stirring frame pivoted when working with the first state first stirring frame can also reciprocate for removing the carrier plate to the reaction raw materials or the reaction product on mobile carrier plate top is fully stirred.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting thereof; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An autoclave for continuous production of graphite, comprising:
the kettle body is characterized in that a heater is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the kettle body and used for providing reaction temperature and drying temperature for materials in the kettle body;
a filter cartridge for washing reaction products, the filter cartridge being arranged at the top end of the kettle body, the filter cartridge being arranged in communication with the kettle body;
the movable carrier plate is arranged in the kettle body in a sliding manner, and is driven to move in the kettle body so as to push the reaction raw materials or reaction products to move between the kettle body and the filter cylinder;
the stirrer is rotatably arranged at the top of the movable carrier plate and is used for stirring reaction raw materials or reaction products.
2. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 1, wherein the outside of the autoclave body is provided with a pressurizing pipe and a pressure releasing pipe in communication, and
one end of the pressurizing pipe, which is far away from the kettle body, is connected with a pressure pump;
and a sealing valve A is arranged at one end of the pressurizing pipe and one end of the pressure relief pipe, which are communicated with the kettle body.
3. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 1, wherein the top surface of the movable carrier plate is tapered for guiding the reaction raw materials and the reaction products toward the inner wall of the autoclave body.
4. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 1, wherein the stirrer comprises a first stirring frame, the first stirring frame is arranged on the outer side of a stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is driven by the stirring shaft to drive the first stirring frame to rotate, and the first stirring frame is rotatably arranged at the top end of the movable carrier plate; and is also provided with
One side of the first stirring frame can be attached to the side wall of the movable carrier plate;
the first stirring frame can be mutually attached to the inner wall of the filter cylinder.
5. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 4, wherein the top of the filter cartridge is detachably provided with a sealing cover, and a driving motor for driving the stirring shaft to rotate is fixedly arranged on one side of the sealing cover;
a screw rod is arranged between the output shaft of the driving motor and the stirring shaft, a thread bush is sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod, and the thread bush is embedded at the top end of the sealing cover through a switching component, so that when the switching component works in a first state, the driving motor drives the stirrer to rotate so as to stir reaction raw materials or reaction products; when the switching component works in the second state, the driving motor drives the stirrer and the movable carrier plate to move in the kettle body.
6. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 5, wherein the switching assembly comprises:
the threaded sleeve is rotatably arranged at the top of the sealing cover through the bearing;
the friction disc is fixedly arranged at the top of the thread sleeve;
the friction plate is fixedly arranged at the output end of a hydraulic push rod A, and the hydraulic push rod A is fixedly arranged at one side of the sealing cover;
wherein: when the friction plate is far away from the friction plate, the driving motor drives the screw rod and the thread bush to rotate; when the hydraulic push rod A drives the friction plate to be abutted against the friction plate, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate relative to the thread bush.
7. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 5, wherein the switching assembly comprises:
the screw sleeve is rotatably arranged at the top of the sealing cover through the one-way bearing;
the driving motor is a forward and backward rotating motor, and when the driving motor rotates forward, the driving motor drives the screw rod and the threaded sleeve to rotate; when the driving motor reversely rotates, the driving motor drives the screw rod to rotate relative to the threaded sleeve.
8. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 5, wherein the switching assembly comprises:
the electromagnetic ring is arranged at the top of the sealing cover in a rotating way through the electromagnetic ring; the electromagnetic transducer can be attracted to the sealing cover;
when the electromagnetic ring is not electrified, the driving motor can drive the screw rod and the threaded sleeve to rotate; when the electromagnetic ring is electrified and attracted on the sealing cover, the driving motor can drive the screw rod to rotate relative to the threaded sleeve.
9. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to claim 5, wherein the screw is a reciprocating screw, and a driving block is sleeved outside the reciprocating screw, and the driving block can move along the reciprocating screw;
the bottom end of the driving block is embedded with a driving ring, and the driving ring is fixedly arranged at the top end of the first stirring frame through a driving rod;
the first stirring frame is arranged on the outer side in a sliding manner through a sliding groove formed in the outer wall of the stirring shaft.
10. The autoclave for continuous production of graphite according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the top end of the filter cartridge is communicated with a washing pipe, and one end of the washing pipe, which is far away from the filter cartridge, is communicated with a feeding device for supplying washing materials from the outside; and is also provided with
A sealing valve C is arranged on the material washing pipe between the filter cylinder and the feeding equipment;
the outer side of the filter cylinder is fixedly provided with a sealing cylinder, one side of the sealing cylinder is communicated with an exhaust pipe, and one end of the exhaust pipe, which is far away from the sealing cylinder, is connected with a negative pressure pump;
a discharge pipe communicated with the bottom of the sealing cylinder; and is also provided with
And a sealing valve B is arranged on one side of the exhaust pipe, which is close to the sealing cylinder, of the exhaust pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202410046391.4A CN117680040A (en) | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-12 | Autoclave for continuous production of graphite |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410046391.4A CN117680040A (en) | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-12 | Autoclave for continuous production of graphite |
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| CN117680040A true CN117680040A (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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| CN202410046391.4A Pending CN117680040A (en) | 2024-01-12 | 2024-01-12 | Autoclave for continuous production of graphite |
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