CN111921434A

CN111921434A - Integrated production process for ternary material

Info

Publication number: CN111921434A
Application number: CN202010704391.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张德友; 陈崔龙; 卓培忠; 李传祥; 陈道林
Original assignee: HEFEI GENERAL ENVIRONMENT CONTROL TECHNOLOGY CO LTD; Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sinomach General Machinery Science & Technology Co ltd; Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-21
Filing date: 2020-07-21
Publication date: 2020-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-21
Also published as: CN111921434B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ternary material manufacturing, in particular to an integrated production process for a ternary material. Firstly, fully stirring and mixing a ternary material raw material and pure water in stirring and mixing equipment to form a ternary material salt solution; feeding the mixture into a washing kettle by stirring and mixing equipment, and simultaneously adding dilute alkali liquor, a complexing agent, a coating agent and pure water to perform a complexing reaction and aging; aging, adding into a stirred tank filter, adding dry powder, slurrying with pure water and dilute alkali solution, washing, and filtering; and filtering the washed filter cake, and feeding the filter cake into a dryer through a solid discharge pipe to perform drying treatment. The invention can meet the process requirements of large production scale, high water content and washing effect requirements, high crystal form requirements of particles, high purity requirements and high sealing operation requirements of ternary materials, can effectively ensure the self productivity and the production efficiency, and synchronously meet the green manufacturing characteristics of efficiency enhancement, energy saving, consumption reduction and emission reduction required by the current green manufacturing.

Description

Integrated production process for ternary material

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ternary material manufacturing, in particular to an integrated production process for a ternary material.

Background

The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, high output voltage, high power, small self-discharge, no memory effect, wide working temperature range, environmental protection and the like, and is commercialized in 1991. At present, lithium ion batteries have become the preferred power source for notebook computers, mobile phones, digital cameras, flashlights, and other electronic products; the ternary material is one of the main constituents of the anode of the lithium ion battery at present. The traditional synthetic ternary materials mainly comprise a high-temperature solid phase method, a low-heat solid phase method, a sol-gel method, a coprecipitation method and the like at present; however, the material obtained by the solid phase method has non-uniform phase and non-uniform grain diameter, and lithium can be volatilized at the same time due to high temperature; the coprecipitation method has low cost, the products are mixed relatively uniformly, but the process for preparing the precursor by the coprecipitation method is complex, and the precipitation rates of different cations are different; in the sol-gel method, the material is obtained in a liquid phase, ions can be fully mixed to obtain a pure-phase material, but factors influencing gel are many, and the morphology and the particle size of a product are not easy to control. Therefore, people begin to gradually adopt a coprecipitation method to synthesize a ternary precursor, and then adopt a high-temperature solid phase method to synthesize a final product, namely the coprecipitation-high-temperature solid phase method which is mature in technology and wide in industrial application at present.

When the coprecipitation-high temperature solid phase method is adopted to produce the ternary material, the production process mainly comprises the working sections of stirring and mixing, precipitation reaction, solid-liquid separation, washing and impurity removal, drying and the like, and the corresponding equipment comprises stirring and mixing equipment, a reaction kettle, an automatic centrifuge, a filter, a dryer and the like which are sequentially arranged along the production flow, so that the problems of long process route and more equipment exist, the whole process has high energy consumption, limited efficiency and large consumption of washing liquid, the risks of difficult control of the quality of the ternary material and high cost are increased, and the characteristics of efficiency improvement, energy conservation, consumption reduction, emission reduction and the like required by the current green manufacturing are obviously not possessed. Especially for the filtration and washing stage, the ternary material manufacturers are mostly accustomed to using automatic centrifuges to carry out this process. A mechanism of the automatic centrifuge is that a centrifugal field with a separation factor of 700-1000 is formed by high-speed rotation of a rotor system, a ternary material obtains an acceleration effect in the centrifugal field, the solid-liquid separation speed is high, the moisture content of an obtained filter cake is low, and the drying efficiency of a subsequent drying stage can be improved to a certain extent. However, the automatic centrifuge implementing the ternary material filtration washing process has problems in that: firstly, the technical parameters of the automatic centrifuge are limited; at present, the automatic centrifuger with wider industrial application range has the rotor diameter of 1250mm and 1500mm, the theoretical maximum processing capacity of about 500kg in a single batch, and the processing capacity is small. Secondly, the washing mode is backward and the washing effect is poor; the washing mode of the automatic centrifuge belongs to displacement washing, when the thickness of a filter cake on a circumferential drum surface is thick, washing liquid needs to be washed from inside to outside, the washing time is long, the consumption of the washing liquid is large, and the material washing is not uniform. Thirdly, the power consumption of the single machine is large; the power of the automatic centrifuge with the rotor diameter of 1250mm is 22kW, and the rotation speed of the automatic centrifuge is increased and decreased alternately in the operation process, so that the power consumption is high. Finally, the production characteristics of the ternary material per se lead to extremely many residual materials; the ternary materials are all manufactured in batch by batch in an intermittent manner, and after the previous batch is manufactured, the complete machine cleaning is required immediately to avoid the influence of residual materials of the previous batch in the rotary drum on the quality of finished products of the next batch of materials. Therefore, whether a novel integrated production process capable of replacing the traditional automatic centrifuge can be developed or not can be developed, so that the process requirements of large production scale, high water content and washing effect requirements, high particle crystal form requirements, high purity requirements and high sealing operation requirements of ternary materials can be met, the self productivity and the production efficiency can be effectively ensured, the green manufacturing characteristics of efficiency enhancement, energy conservation, consumption reduction and emission reduction required by current green manufacturing can be synchronously met, and the technical problem to be solved in recent years in the field can be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides an integrated production process for ternary materials with reasonable structure and high cost performance, can meet the process requirements of large production scale, high water content and washing effect requirements, high particle crystal form requirements, high purity requirements and high sealing operation requirements of the ternary materials, effectively ensure the self productivity and production efficiency, and synchronously meet the green manufacturing characteristics of efficiency enhancement, energy conservation, consumption reduction and emission reduction required by current green manufacturing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an integrated production process for ternary materials is characterized by comprising a group of integrated production systems, wherein each integrated production system comprises a stirring and mixing device, a water washing kettle, a stirred tank type filter and a dryer, the stirring and mixing device is used for stirring and mixing materials, the water washing kettle is used for uniformly pulping and providing a reaction space, the stirred tank type filter is used for achieving stirring and filtering operations of the materials, and the dryer is used for drying the materials, wherein the stirring and mixing device is sequentially arranged along the traveling path of the ternary materials:

the stirring tank type filter comprises a tank body formed by axially combining an upper shell and a lower base, a cavity formed by matching the upper shell and the lower base forms a washing cavity for washing materials, a filtering surface with a water filtering function is arranged at the lower base, and the washing cavity is divided into a stirring cavity and a water filtering cavity positioned below the stirring cavity by the filtering surface; the stirred tank filter also comprises a spraying component for injecting washing media and a stirring component for stirring materials in the stirring cavity; the feeding pipe and the solid discharging pipe which are communicated with the stirring cavity are arranged at the upper shell, and the water outlet pipe which is communicated with the water filtering cavity is arranged at the lower base; go up between casing and the lower base through locking Assembly closure each other to make the jar body have combination and two kinds of operating condition of split: when the tank body is in a combined state, the upper shell and the lower base are locked with each other through the locking assembly to form the tank body; when the tank body is in a split state, the locking assembly is opened, the lower base descends and is separated from the upper shell, and therefore the filtering surface at the lower base and residual filter cakes on the filtering surface are exposed;

the integrated production process comprises the following steps:

1) NiSO is added₄、MnSO₄、CoSO₄The ternary material raw materials and pure water are fully stirred and mixed in stirring and mixing equipment according to a set proportion to form a ternary material salt solution; at the moment, the concentration of the solution is controlled to be about 20-40%, and the density of the solution is controlled to be 1.1-1.4;

2) feeding the ternary material salt solution into a washing kettle through a pump and stirring and mixing equipment, adding dilute alkali liquor, a complexing agent, a coating agent and pure water, performing complex reaction and aging, controlling the pH value to be 11 +/-2, keeping the reaction temperature to be 60 ℃, controlling the reaction time to be less than or equal to 1h, and controlling the particle diameter to be 5 microns;

3) after aging, the concentration of the ternary material slurry is controlled to be 35-50%, and the particle diameter distribution is D₅₀＝8～12μm，D₀Not less than 1 μm; then the mixture enters a stirring tank type filter, dry powder is added, and pure water and dilute alkali liquor are used for slurrying and washing; after washing, the moisture content of the filter cake is less than 7%, the operation period is less than 2.5h, the solid content of the mother liquor is less than 0.1%, and the flatness of the filter cake is less than 10% of the thickness of the filter cake;

4) and filtering the washed filter cake, and feeding the filter cake into a dryer through a solid discharge pipe to implement drying treatment.

The locking assembly comprises a locking ring which is coaxially matched with the bottom edge of the upper shell in a rotating mode, the lower ring surface of the locking ring extends vertically and downwards along the axial direction of the upper shell, and meshing teeth are arranged on the lower ring surface of the locking ring in a radially inward protruding mode; the outer wall of the lower base is in a two-section stepped shaft shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the outer wall of the large-diameter section of the lower base is radially and convexly provided with matching teeth, and the matching teeth are sequentially and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower base; in the circumferential direction of the locking ring, the distance between every two adjacent meshing teeth is larger than the width of the matching teeth, so that the matching teeth can penetrate through the gaps between every two adjacent meshing teeth from bottom to top; when the tank body is in a combined state, the seam allowance at the bottom surface of the meshing tooth is matched with the top surface of the matching tooth, so that the shaft shoulder of the lower base is tightly pressed at the bottom edge of the upper shell from bottom to top in a sealing manner.

Preferably, the stirred tank filter further comprises a support assembly for supporting the upper housing from the base; the supporting assembly comprises supporting legs which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the upper shell in a surrounding way, supporting lug seats are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the upper shell in the circumferential direction corresponding to the number of the supporting legs, and the top ends of the bottom ends of the supporting legs are fixedly connected and matched with the corresponding supporting lug seats; the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder extends vertically downwards and forms a hinged fit relation with a connecting lug plate fixed at the lower base; more than two groups of hydraulic cylinders are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower base in sequence.

Preferably, the locking ring generates a rotary thrust through a power cylinder arranged at the upper shell; a rotation stopping section vertically extends upwards from the position of the meshing tooth, and a matching groove is concavely arranged at the corresponding matching position of the upper shell; when the tank body is in a combined state, the rotation stopping section is inserted into the matching groove.

Preferably, the inner ring surface of the locking ring is in a two-section stepped hole shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the bottom edge of the upper shell is provided with an outward flange, and the upper surface of the outward flange and the hole shoulder of the locking ring form a surface-fitting type rotary fit relation; the profile of the occlusion tooth is in a wedge-shaped block shape, and the tip of the occlusion tooth points to the locking rotation direction of the lower base.

Preferably, a moving wheel is arranged at the lower base; a track matched with the movable wheel when falling is laid on the base surface; and an anti-deviation guard plate for avoiding the deviation of the moving wheels is arranged on the outer side of the track.

Preferably, the stirring assembly comprises a stirring shaft which is coaxial with the upper shell, the top end of the stirring shaft penetrates through the top surface of the upper shell and forms power fit with a power motor positioned above the upper shell, and the bottom end of the stirring shaft is provided with a stirring blade; the stirring blade comprises a front inclined plate, a rear inclined plate and a bottom plate which extend outwards from the radial direction of the stirring shaft, and the slope of the surfaces of the front inclined plate and the rear inclined plate is sequentially reduced from inside to outside; the inner ends of the front inclined plate, the rear inclined plate and the bottom plate are fixed at the shaft body of the stirring shaft, and the outer ends of the front inclined plate, the rear inclined plate and the bottom plate are sealed by end plates, so that a hollow triangular pyramid structure of the stirring blade is formed; an included angle is reserved between the surface of the bottom plate and the horizontal plane, and the stirring blades are symmetrically arranged along the circumferential axis of the stirring shaft.

Preferably, the front inclined plate facing the stirring direction of the stirring blade is provided with plough blades convenient for cutting and turning materials, the appearance of each plough blade is in an arc-plate tile shape which extends downwards and forwards gently from the surface of the front inclined plate, the plough blades are uniformly distributed on the front inclined plate at intervals along the radial direction of the stirring blade, and the advancing paths of the plough blades on the stirring blades are staggered with each other; the bottom surface of the stirring shaft is also provided with a middle blade, and the middle blade is matched with the traveling path of the plough blade on each stirring blade together to form a complete circle.

Preferably, a transverse partition plate is arranged in the cavity of the stirring blade, and a matching gap is reserved between the front end of the transverse partition plate and an end plate, so that the cavity of the stirring blade is divided into an upper heating cavity and a lower heating cavity which are communicated with each other only by means of the matching gap; the stirring shaft is internally provided with a heating inlet and a heating outlet, and the heating inlet and the heating outlet are respectively communicated with the corresponding upper heating cavity and the corresponding lower heating cavity.

Preferably, the integrated production system further comprises a three-way material conveying pipe, an inlet pipe of the three-way material conveying pipe is communicated with an outlet of the solid material discharging pipe, the dryer is a double-screw dryer, and two groups of outlet pipes of the three-way material conveying pipe are respectively communicated with inlets of one group of double-screw dryers; and a material switching valve for selecting one group of outlet pipes to discharge materials is arranged at the three-way joint part of the three-way material conveying pipe.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) on the basis of combining original ternary material production technology, abandoned the filtration of traditional little and the lower centrifuge formula of efficiency of handling capacity, and adopted agitator tank formula to filter the overall arrangement to the disposable material handling characteristic of the agitator tank that has utilized the large capacity adapts to the technological demand of the high production scale of ternary material, low water content and high washing effect. Specifically, in actual use, the ternary material firstly enters the stirring cavity through the feeding pipe, the spraying component such as a spray head and the like synchronously sprays the washing medium, and the stirring component such as a stirring paddle and even a stirring disc and the like performs stirring operation. When the ternary material is washed and stirred, the generated washing waste liquid leaks to the water filtering cavity along the filtering surface and is converged by the water outlet pipe to be discharged. The washed ternary material is discharged out of the chamber through a solid discharge pipe, and the three steps are repeated. In the above operation, the chamber washing operation is performed every time the batch of ternary material washing is completed. At the moment, due to the split characteristic of the tank body, the locking assembly can be opened, the lower base or the upper shell can be detached, the filtering surface on the lower base can be exposed, then the operation of removing the residual filter cake on the filtering surface and even on the inner wall of the tank body can be rapidly and efficiently carried out, and the use is very convenient.

Obviously, the method can meet the process requirements of large production scale, high water content and washing effect requirements, high particle crystal form requirements, high purity requirements and high sealing operation requirements of the ternary material, can effectively ensure the self productivity and the production efficiency, and synchronously meet the green manufacturing characteristics of efficiency enhancement, energy conservation, consumption reduction and emission reduction required by the current green manufacturing; after the process is adopted, the single-line capacity is improved by 6-10 times, the original 400kg per batch is improved to 2000-4000 kg, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the ten thousand-ton capacity is reduced by 20 ten thousand tons of production wastewater; and the actual power consumption of the stirred tank filter of the core equipment is only 1/2 of rated configuration power, so that the power consumption is greatly reduced. Through calculation, the energy consumption of the centrifugal equipment in the traditional process is about 5.5 kW.h per 100kg, the energy consumption of the stirred tank filter is about 0.8-1 kW.h per 100kg, the energy consumption can be saved by more than 4.5 multiplied by 105 kW.h according to the ten thousand tons of productivity per year, and the effect is remarkable.

2) For the locking assembly, there are various locking modes: if a threaded screwing mode is adopted, or a positioning pin or a positioning column is adopted for inserting and locking, even the external force of the hydraulic cylinder group is directly adopted for supporting and pressing to ensure the supporting and sealing functions of the lower base relative to the upper shell, and the like. In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation function of the locking ring is adopted, and the engagement property of the engagement teeth of the locking ring with respect to the engagement teeth of the lower base is utilized to ensure the sealing engagement of the lower base with respect to the upper housing. The locking ring locking structure can ensure the matching stability and the certainty of the tank body in a combined state, synchronously ensure the convenience in operation and achieve multiple purposes.

3) In practical operation, the invention should be far away from the base surface such as the ground, so as to make a free space for the movement of the lower base. The lower base can generate mechanical controllable lifting action by being driven by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that when the lower base is separated from the upper shell, the stability, reliability and safety of the whole separation operation can be always ensured.

4) The invention is calibrated with the function of washing, filtering and drying in large capacity, so the whole tank body has extremely heavy mass, and the lower base is no exception, which is one of the fundamental reasons why the lower base needs to be driven by the hydraulic cylinder to act. Meanwhile, the locking ring also needs to be driven by the power cylinder so as to ensure the rotation action of the locking ring. And because the locking ring and the upper shell form an integral matching structure through the power oil cylinder, once the locking ring acts, the lower base can be driven to generate follow-up deflection action under high friction force, which needs to be avoided. Therefore, through the design of the rotation stopping section and the matching groove, once the lower base is inserted into the locking ring along the axial direction, the rotation stopping section at the lower base is naturally inserted into the matching groove at the upper shell to form rotation stopping matching, so that the lower base is prevented from generating accidental follow-up rotation action.

5) The locking ring is huge in structure, and only the locking ring is clamped at the flanging of the upper shell by means of self gravity during actual operation, so that the lubricating effect between the upper surface of the flanging and the hole shoulder of the locking ring can be improved in an oil lubricating or grease lubricating mode when necessary. The special wedge-shaped shape of the meshing teeth aims to facilitate the lower base to be clamped into the meshing teeth of the locking ring more quickly, and the description is omitted here.

6) The movable wheels and the rails are designed, so that a base surface can quickly receive the lower base when cleaning is facilitated, and more cleaning spaces are reserved by moving the lower base along the rails. The anti-deviation guard plate is used for guiding the traveling path of the movable wheel.

7) As another bright point part of the invention, the stirring component of the invention is additionally provided with a heating type stirring and propelling type blade structure on the basis of adopting a conventional stirring structure of a stirring blade matched with a stirring shaft. Particularly, the stirring leaf presents the triangular pyramid platform structure of opening one's heart alone, utilizes the unique inclined plane of stirring leaf on the one hand, has guaranteed the turnover formula washing and the interior material pushing function outside to ternary material to promote ternary material's washing effect, and guaranteed ternary material to the slow speed function of marcing of solid discharging pipe department. On the other hand, the transverse partition plate is arranged in the hole cavity of the stirring blade, so that the traditional stirring blade is changed into a heating type blade, and the preheating function of the washed and filtered materials is realized on the basis of the washing and filtering functions of the invention. The preheated material enters the next drying procedure through the solid discharge pipe, and the drying efficiency can be remarkably improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a stirred tank filter with the tanks in an assembled state;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the fitting state of the lower base and the base surface when the tank body is in a disassembled state;

FIG. 4 is a view showing a state where a stopper section is engaged with an engaging groove;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion I of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of portion II of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a stirring blade;

FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the working state of the material switching valve.

The actual correspondence between each label and the part name of the invention is as follows:

10-stirring mixing equipment 20-washing kettle 30-stirring tank type filter

31-upper shell 31 a-flanging 32-lower base

32 a-filtering surface 32 b-connecting lug plate 32 c-moving wheel 32 d-hydraulic cylinder

33-spraying assembly 34-stirring assembly

34 a-a stirring shaft 34 b-a front inclined plate 34 c-a rear inclined plate 34 d-a bottom plate 34 e-an end plate

34 f-plough blade 34 g-middle blade 34 h-diaphragm plate

34 i-heating inlet 34 j-heating outlet

35-solid discharging pipe 36-water outlet pipe 37-locking assembly

37 a-locking ring 37 b-engagement teeth 37 c-mating teeth

37 d-rotation stopping section 37 e-matching groove

38 a-support leg 38 b-support ear mount

39-Rail 39 a-anti-deflection shield

40-three-way material conveying pipe 50-double-screw drier 60-material switching valve

Detailed Description

For ease of understanding, the specific structure and operation of the present invention is further described herein in connection with the overall ternary material manufacturing system and process as follows:

the production system based on the ternary material provided by the invention takes the stirred tank filter 30 as a main body, and organically integrates the functions of closed pressure filtration, stirring, slurrying and washing, automatic rotary discharging, self-heating and the like into the stirred tank filter 30, so that the whole structure is compact and optimized, and the process flow is effectively shortened. Based on the structure of the stirred tank filter 30, the washing kettle 20 with higher efficiency is prepared in the front end process, so that the materials are fully dispersed and reacted; the rear end of the double-screw dryer 50 is provided with the double-screw dryer, so that the materials can be fully mixed and efficiently dried, the crystal form of the materials is not damaged, the high-quality ternary material is finally obtained, and the whole process has the characteristic of green manufacturing.

More specifically, the ternary material-based production system of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, mainly comprises a stirring and mixing device 10, a water washing tank 20, a stirred tank filter 30, a material switching valve 60, a twin screw dryer 50, and the like. Wherein:

stirring and mixing equipment

The stirring and mixing device 10 is mainly used for mixing Ni, Co, Mn plasma mixed liquid, pure water, alkali liquor and the like, and the rotating speed, the stirring paddle structure, the flow baffle and the like of the mixing are key factors influencing the mixing effect. The water washing kettle 20 is a device for uniformly pulping and reacting the mixed materials, and is also a core device for obtaining the precursor.

The stirring and mixing device 10 generally comprises a stirring tank, and the size of the tank body of the stirring tank, the type of the stirrer, the rotating speed, the number of baffles, the type and the size of the baffles, the feeding position and other structural characteristics are all key factors influencing the reaction; similarly, the diameter, number and type of the paddles are set according to the technical parameters of the volume and diameter of the mixing and stirring device 10. The flow baffle plates uniformly distributed on the wall of the stirring and mixing device 10 contribute to improving the mixing effect.

Water washing kettle

Before the materials are filtered, pulped, washed and pre-dried in the stirred tank filter 30, a washing kettle 20 for uniform pulping and reaction is needed. As shown in fig. 1, an anchor type stirrer is arranged at the center of the washing kettle 20, an anchor paddle is arranged in the anchor type stirrer, and the rotating speed is low and is generally lower than 100 r/min; the anchor paddle must be at its highest position below the liquid level. In order to prevent the anchor oar from being rubbed with the wall of the 20 cylindrical walls of the washing kettle, a certain safety distance of 10-20 mm is generally provided. The anchor paddle is also provided with a plurality of scrapers, which are generally made of plastics such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The distance between the scraper and the wall of the water washing kettle 20 is smaller and can be smaller than 5mm, and the scraper is used for preventing materials from gathering on the wall of the barrel. In addition, the non-central position of 20 section of thick bamboo walls of washing kettle, the position of also dodging anchor agitator promptly, the side is still put high-speed deconcentrator, and high-speed deconcentrator main shaft is equipped with sawtooth formula dispersion impeller, and the diameter is general less, about 200 ~ 600mm, can specifically set for according to technical parameters such as reation kettle volume, diameter, rotational speed. The rotating speed of the high-speed disperser is high, generally 1000 to 2000 r/min. Under the dual actions of the anchor stirrer and the high-speed disperser, the materials can be fully mixed, and the purposes of high-efficiency pulping and reaction are achieved.

Stirring tank type filter

The stirred tank filter 30 is the innovation point of the invention and is the core equipment of the process, the functions of the stirred tank filter 30 are integrated with various functions of solid-liquid filtration, pulping, washing, impurity removal, predrying and the like, the process flow is greatly shortened, and the solid-liquid separation is efficiently realized.

The detailed construction of the stirred tank filter 30 referring to FIGS. 2 to 8, the entire stirred tank filter 30 is designed as a split type structure including a tank body formed by an upper housing 31 and a lower base 32 which are coupled to each other in consideration of automation and intelligence, and convenience in cleaning a residual filter cake. In order to prevent metal elements such as iron, zinc, copper and the like from entering the ternary material and affecting the product quality, tungsten carbide or other wear-resistant materials need to be sprayed on the tank body and the part of the structure, which is in contact with the ternary material, to be described later.

The outer wall of the lower base 32 is in a two-section stepped shaft shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, so that the matching and the sealing performance of the lower base 32 and the upper shell 31 are realized by the coaxial splicing matching of the small right-angle section of the lower base with the bottom edge of the upper shell 31; if desired, a gasket or the like, as shown in FIG. 6, may be added to promote a sealing engagement between the two. When the lower base 32 is inserted into the upper housing 31 from bottom to top, the locking function of the locking assembly 37 is required to ensure the matching firmness and the external sealing effect of the lower base 32 and the upper housing 31. As shown in fig. 2-3, a filtering surface 32a made of a filtering material such as a metal filtering net or filtering cloth is laid on the top end surface of the lower base 32, and once the tank body is assembled and formed, the filtering surface 32a naturally forms a double-layer cavity structure in which the upper part of the cavity of the tank body is a stirring cavity and the lower part is a water filtering cavity. Meanwhile, as can be seen in fig. 2, in order to ensure the internal stirring effect of the tank body, a stirring assembly 34 is coaxially arranged at the upper shell 31; in addition, a feeding pipe and a spraying assembly 33 are arranged above the upper shell 31, and a water outlet pipe 36 is arranged at the bottom of the lower base 32, so as to ensure the feeding of ternary materials and washing media and the discharge function of washing waste liquid. The solids outlet pipe 35 is arranged on the side of the upper housing 31 to facilitate the discharge. The size of the solid discharge pipe 35 is determined according to the process parameters such as the volume of the cylinder body, the slag content and the like. The solid discharge pipe 35 is connected with an automatic discharge valve, such as a hydraulic automatic open-close plunger type discharge valve or an electric screw rod drive open-close plunger type discharge valve, so as to achieve the purpose of automatic discharge according to the requirement; when necessary, the intelligent control system can realize intellectualization by arranging a sensor and interlocking programs.

In operation, as shown in fig. 2-5, the locking assembly 37 includes a locking ring 37a, the outer shape of the ring cavity of the locking ring 37a is a two-stage stepped hole shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, and a flange 31a is arranged at the bottom edge of the lower shell; during assembly, the locking ring 37a is coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the lower shell, and the purpose of rotating the locking ring 37a is achieved by utilizing the surface-fitting type rotating fit between the hole shoulder of the locking ring 37a and the top surface of the flanging 31 a. In consideration of the huge mass of the locking ring 37a, both ends of the power cylinder may be hinged to the outer wall of the upper housing 31 and the locking ring 37a, respectively, if necessary, so that the function of applying a circumferential force to the locking ring 37a is ensured by the hydraulic pressure of the power cylinder. The locking ring 37a has a plurality of engaging teeth 37b circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the large diameter section, and for the lower base 32, as shown in fig. 3-4, a plurality of engaging teeth 37c axially distributed on the outer wall of the large diameter section of the lower base 32.

When the can body assembling operation is to be performed, the lower base 32 is first lifted and inserted coaxially into the upper shell 31. Then, the locking ring 37a is rotated by the hydraulic pressure of the power cylinder, and the engaging teeth 37b are rotated, thereby being locked or unlocked with the engaging teeth 37 c. Fig. 2 shows an implementation manner in which when the locking ring 37a is rotated clockwise, the engaging teeth 37c and the engaging teeth 37b are engaged and locked with each other; conversely, the engaging teeth 37c and the engaging teeth 37b are released and disengaged from each other. In order to prevent the lower base 32 from generating a spinning phenomenon under the action of the meshing friction force of the meshing teeth 37b during the meshing process to cause meshing failure, two or more matching teeth 37c which are optionally and uniformly distributed can be used as anti-rotation teeth among a plurality of matching teeth 37c which are uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the lower base 32. In other words, the anti-rotation teeth should extend vertically upward to form the anti-rotation section 37d as shown in fig. 4, and the upper shell 31 is correspondingly provided with a matching groove 37e matched with the anti-rotation section 37d, so as to form an anti-rotation matching structure matched with a similar key groove and a similar key. Because the upper housing 31 is fixed, the degree of freedom in the circumferential direction of the lower base 32 is eliminated by the engagement of the rotation preventing section 37d at the rotation preventing teeth with the engaging groove 37e, and the rotation does not occur during the engagement.

By the automatic opening and closing technology of the large-diameter cylinder hydraulic tooth-meshed cylinder flange, the automatic opening and closing operation of a full series of hydraulic tooth-meshed cylinder flanges with the diameter of 2000-3200 mm can be realized, and the effect is remarkable.

Further, in the meshing rotation, the shoulder of the locking ring 37a and the corresponding surface at the flange 31a of the upper housing 31 are the force-bearing surfaces that interact with each other. When the engaging teeth 37b and the mating teeth 37c are engaged and locked with each other, the pressure generated by the engaging teeth is transmitted to the upper case 31 through the locking ring 37a and finally to the base surface through the supporting ears 38b and the supporting legs 38 a. In order to ensure that the locking ring 37a rotates smoothly in the locking process, an oil groove is arranged at the hole shoulder of the locking ring 37a, and when the oil groove is used, a proper amount of lubricating grease can be added into the oil groove through the oil filling hole to play a role in lubrication; of course, a proper amount of lubricating material such as graphite may be inserted into the shoulder of the locking ring 37a to perform the lubricating function.

Further, in order to realize automation and intellectualization, as shown in fig. 2, a weight sensor may be disposed between the support ear seat 38b and the support leg 38a of the upper housing 31, and the intellectualization is realized by calculating through the weight sensor and a program, and automatically adding washing liquid and the like in proportion according to the weight of the material. The support ear mounts 38b are typically provided in two or three and are evenly spaced. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 2, the lower base 32 and the support ear base 38b are connected to each other by a hydraulic cylinder 32 d; the piston cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder 32d is hinged to the bottom surface of the supporting lug seat 38b, the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 32d is hinged to the connecting lug plate 32b, and the connecting lug plate 32b is fixedly connected with the lower base 32, so that the lower base 32 has a vertical mechanical lifting function of lead through the vertical telescopic function of the hydraulic cylinder 32 d.

In addition, the bottom of the lower base 32 is also provided with four moving wheels 32c, and the four moving wheels 32c are preferably arranged, and two wheels in the front row are generally universal wheels for guiding; the two rear wheels are fixed wheels. In order to prevent the lower base 32 from being collided and damaged due to the difficulty in controlling the guiding during the movement, and prevent the lower base 32 from being heavy and damaged to the base surface, the rail 39 is generally arranged at the base surface correspondingly. When the locking assembly 37 is released, the lower base 32 falls down under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder 32d, and the moving wheel 32c directly enters the track 39, so that the movement is convenient and the direction is fixed. To prevent the running deviation, a deviation preventing guard 39a may be provided outside the rail 39 as shown in fig. 3, and the height of the deviation preventing guard 39a is slightly smaller than the diameter of the moving wheel 32 c. The rails 39 are generally steel plates, which reduce friction, facilitate movement of the lower base 32, and protect the epoxy floor finish of the factory floor.

Furthermore, in order to reduce the power consumption of the stirred tank filter 30 and realize green and energy-saving, the invention also improves the structure of the stirring assembly 34. On the basis of keeping the structure of the stirring blade, the stirring shaft 34a and the power motor of the traditional stirring assembly 34, the stirring blade is designed into a hollow triangular pyramid structure, so that the multiple purposes of light weight, self-heating, self-stirring and self-pushing are achieved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 7-8, in practical design, the stirring blades may be designed in two groups and arranged axially symmetrically along the stirring shaft 34 a. The two groups of stirring blades have consistent sizes, the two sides of the stirring blades are balanced, and the working stress is more balanced. Taking the stirring blade on one side as an example, a hollow cavity structure with a triangular cross section is enclosed by the front inclined plate 34b, the rear inclined plate 34c, the bottom plate 34d and the end plate 34 e. The triangular hollow cavity section of the stirring blade is reduced outwards from the center according to a certain slope, the large end, namely the inner end, of the stirring blade is fixedly connected with the mounting seat at the stirring shaft 34a in a welding mode, the small end, namely the outer end, of the stirring blade extends towards the cylinder wall of the upper shell 31, and finally a triangular frustum structure similar to a truncated cone is formed. On the cross section of the stirring blade, the front inclined plate 34b and the rear inclined plate 34c are consistent and symmetrical in shape, so that the cross section is isosceles or even equilateral triangle; meanwhile, the included angle alpha between the bottom plate 34d and the horizontal plane is generally 7-12 degrees, so that the whole plane of the bottom plate 34d can be prevented from rubbing with materials. When in actual scraping, only the blade part of the plough blade is cut into the filter cake and is in linear contact, thus causing less damage to the crystal of the filter cake; and the plough blades 34f are arranged in a multi-blade and interval manner, so that the extrusion force on a filter cake is reduced, the crystal form is kept, and the unfavorable conditions of damaging the crystal shape and consuming power are avoided. Just because the triangular hollow cavity cross-section of stirring leaf outwards reduces according to certain slope by the center, this makes when whole paddle is rotatory, can outwards produce thrust, outwards pushes out the material from the center, discharges by solid discharging pipe 35 until slowly. A plow blade 34f is welded on the front inclined plate 34b of each stirring blade in an intermittent manner. As can be seen in fig. 6, the paths of the circles drawn on each blade 34f are staggered, i.e., do not interfere with one another. The bottom surface of the mounting seat of the stirring shaft 34a is also provided with a middle blade 34g which is used for scraping materials which cannot be scraped by the plough blade 34f and are right below the stirring shaft 34 a. The circular path described by each plow blade 34f, in combination with the rotational path of the middle blade 34g, should cooperate with each other in a complete circle in a top view to cover the entire filtering surface 32a of the stirred tank filter 30. The arcuate shingled coulter design of the plow blades 34f also facilitates cutting and turning of the material.

On the basis of the lightweight, self-turning and self-pushing structure of the stirring blade, the stirring blade also has a self-heating function. Specifically, also taking one side of the stirring blade as an example, a transverse partition plate 34h is welded in the triangular hollow cavity of the stirring blade, so that the strength of the hollow cavity is enhanced, the stirring blade can bear the filtering pressure, and the triangular hollow cavity is divided into an upper heating cavity and a lower heating cavity. As can be seen in fig. 6, a fitting gap is left between the stirring blade and the end plate 34e, so that the upper heating chamber and the lower heating chamber communicate with each other. The upper heating cavity is communicated with a heating inlet 34i at the stirring shaft 34a, and the lower heating cavity is communicated with a heating outlet 34j at the stirring shaft 34 a. In the stage of pre-drying the ternary material, a heat source such as steam and the like can be introduced from the center of the stirring shaft 34a, enters from the heating inlet 34i, reaches the lower heating cavity through the upper heating cavity and the matching gap, and is finally discharged from the heating outlet 34j to form a heat exchange passage. The stirring blade on the other side is also arranged. Therefore, the stirring blade can carry the heat source to directly pre-dry the ternary material, and in the drying process, the stirring blade can also rotate and turn over the material, so that the heat transfer efficiency is higher, and the heating process of the ternary material is more uniform.

Double-screw dryer

The double-screw dryer 50 is a low-shear and high-efficiency drying device, the double-screw dryer 50 can perform revolution and rotation at low speed, the mixing effect is good, but the stirring strength is low, the shearing force is weak, the completeness of the crystal form of the material can be ensured, and the product quality is ensured. Because the material drying cycle is longer, in order to ensure the matching of the process, a material switching valve 60 is generally arranged between the stirred tank filter 30 and the double-screw dryer 50, and 1 stirred tank filter 30 is matched with 2 double-screw dryers 50 through the automatic switching of the material switching valve 60, so that the process time is matched with each other.

As shown in fig. 9, during actual design, the material switching valve 60 is provided with a joint of the three-way material conveying pipe 40, and the valve plate is controlled to swing through the cylinder, so that the function of rapidly switching two groups of outlet pipes of the material at the three-way material conveying pipe 40 is realized. The deflection position of the valve plate is sensed by a sensor, from which signal it is known which outlet pipe and twin screw dryer 50 the material is currently entering. In order to prevent the accumulation of materials in the upper space of the valve plate, nozzles can be arranged on the circumference of the upper space of the valve plate, and compressed air is used for blowing regularly to prevent the materials from collecting. If the outlet pipe is long, an air hammer can be arranged outside the outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is shaken periodically to prevent aggregate. Similarly, in order to prevent metal elements such as iron, zinc, copper and the like from entering the ternary material and affecting the product quality, the part of the three-way material conveying pipe 40, which is in contact with the material, needs to be sprayed with tungsten carbide or other wear-resistant materials.

After the materials are filtered, pulped, washed and pre-dried in the stirred tank filter 30, the materials are output by the automatic discharge valve and fall into the corresponding double-screw drier 50 through the three-way material conveying pipe 40. The twin-screw dryer 50 can be introduced with a heat source, and the materials and the heat source are fully mixed and dried under the dual actions of twin-screw revolution and rotation. In order to improve the drying efficiency, the upper part of the 50 end sockets of the double-screw dryer is provided with a vacuumizing port, so that the drying process can be accelerated through vacuumizing. In order to prevent the material from being sucked away, a dust collector can be arranged at the position of the double-screw dryer 50, and a filter element is arranged inside the double-screw dryer. The quantity, the material and the precision of the filter elements are determined according to actual needs. The upper part of the dust collector is provided with a vacuumizing port, and when vacuumizing is performed, material dust is sucked and can be retained on the filtering surface outside the filter element by the filter element. After the evacuation is finished, the back flushing can be carried out through the arranged back flushing port, and the material dust intercepted on the filter element outer filter surface is blown down into the double-screw dryer 50. The filter element can also be set in such a way that during the vacuum pumping, material dust is trapped on the filter surface in the filter element, which can be determined according to the structural type of the filter element.

In the concrete operation, in order to smoothly convey the solid discharge of the stirred tank filter 30, the stirred tank filter 30 is generally arranged on a building or a platform and has a certain height; and the double-screw dryer 50 is correspondingly arranged at a low position and is connected with the material switching valve 60 through the three-way material conveying pipe 40. Thus, the solids discharged from the stirred tank filter 30 can fall freely by gravity, and the conveying manner is relatively reliable.

To facilitate a further understanding of the green manufacturing system to which the present invention pertains, the following further description of the specific manner of use of the present invention is provided herein in connection with the following manufacturing process:

1) NiSO is added₄、MnSO₄、CoSO₄The ternary material is prepared by mixing the following materials in a set ratio, such as 5: 2: 3, fully stirring and mixing the mixture and pure water in a stirring and mixing device 10 to form a ternary material salt solution; at this time, the concentration of the solution is controlled to be about 20 to 40%, and the density of the solution is controlled to be 1.1 to 1.4.

2) And the ternary material salt solution is conveyed into a washing kettle 20 through a pump by a stirring and mixing device 10, and simultaneously diluted alkali liquor, a complexing agent, a coating agent and pure water are added for carrying out complex reaction and aging, wherein the pH value is controlled to be 11 +/-2, the reaction temperature is 60 ℃, the reaction time is kept to be less than or equal to 1h, and the particle diameter is controlled to be 5 mu m. In order to ensure the process requirements, the stirring speed of the main shaft of the washing kettle 20 is 0-40 rpm, and is usually 30 rpm; the rotating speed of the side paddles is 0-600; 400rpm is commonly used; the dispersion impeller is sprayed with 0.3mm tungsten carbide (WC), so that copper, iron and zinc are prevented from entering materials, and the quality is prevented from being influenced.

3) After aging, the concentration of the ternary material slurry is controlled to be 35-50%, and the particle diameter distribution is D₅₀＝8～12μm，D₀Not less than 1 μm; then the mixture enters a stirring tank type filter 30, dry powder is added, and pure water and dilute alkali liquor are used for slurrying and washing; the moisture content of the filter cake after washing is less than 7 percent, the operation period is less than 2.5 hours,the solid content of the mother liquor is less than 0.1 percent, and the flatness of the filter cake is less than 10 percent of the thickness of the filter cake.

4) And the filter cake after filtration and washing enters a double-screw dryer 50 through a solid discharge pipe 35 to be dried, and at the moment, the crystal form retention rate of the ternary material is more than 96 percent, so that a high-quality ternary material finished product is obtained.

Practice proves that after the design system is adopted, the single-line capacity is improved by 6-10 times, the original 400kg per batch is improved to 2000-4000 kg, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, the ten thousand ton capacity is reduced by 20 ten thousand tons of production wastewater. The multifunctional integration concept in the process organically unifies pulping, washing, filtering, pre-drying and drying sections, has good adaptability to ternary materials, has high treatment capacity, shortens the process flow, shortens the washing time, consumes less washing liquid, generates less production wastewater, and obviously meets the requirements of green manufacturing characteristics of current green manufacturing on efficiency enhancement, energy conservation, consumption reduction and emission reduction.

The core equipment of the whole set of process, namely the stirred tank filter 30, has the technical parameter of the maximum diameter of 3600mm and the effective filtering surface of 32a square meter. The locking component 37 also provides a device foundation for the full-automatic realization of the filter by the hydraulic tooth-meshed automatic opening and closing technology, and the unloading time and the barrel opening and closing time are greatly shortened. According to measurement and calculation, compared with the traditional integral type and bolt quick-opening type, the on-off mode of the stirred tank type filter 30 with the diameter of 3200mm can save the time by more than 50min, and is shown in the following table:

TABLE 1 Filter cartridge connection mode comparison table

In conclusion, the technical characteristics of the device and the process are suitable for the process requirements of large ternary material production scale, high water content and washing effect requirements, high particle crystal form requirements, high purity requirements, high sealing operation requirements and the like, the capacity can be improved by 6-10 times, and the production efficiency is improved. The actual power consumption of the core equipment stirred tank filter 30 is only 1/2 of rated configuration power, so that the power consumption is greatly reduced. Through calculation, the energy consumption of the centrifugal equipment in the traditional process is about 5.5 kW.h per 100kg, while the energy consumption of the stirred tank filter 30 is about 0.8-1 kW.h per 100kg, and the energy consumption can be saved by more than 4.5 multiplied by 105 kW.h according to the ten thousand tons of productivity per year. Compared with the conventional ternary material manufacturing device and production flow, the device and the process provided by the invention have the advantages of obvious improvement in the aspects of efficiency improvement, consumption reduction, emission reduction, automation, simplified process flow and the like, and accord with the green manufacturing characteristics.

Claims

1. An integrated production process for ternary materials, characterized by comprising a set of integrated production systems, the integrated production systems comprising stirring and mixing equipment (10) for stirring and mixing materials, a water washing kettle (20) for uniformly pulping and providing a reaction space, a stirred tank filter (30) for realizing stirring and filtering operations of the materials and a dryer for drying the materials, which are sequentially arranged along a traveling path of the ternary materials, wherein:

the stirred tank filter (30) comprises a tank body formed by axially combining an upper shell (31) and a lower base (32), a cavity formed by matching the upper shell (31) and the lower base (32) forms a washing cavity for washing materials, a filtering surface (32a) with a water filtering function is arranged at the lower base (32), and the washing cavity is divided by the filtering surface (32a) to form a stirring cavity and a water filtering cavity positioned below the stirring cavity; the stirred tank filter (30) further comprises a spraying assembly (33) for injecting a washing medium and a stirring assembly (34) for performing stirring operation on the materials in the stirring cavity; a feed pipe and a solid discharge pipe (35) communicated with the stirring cavity are arranged at the upper shell (31), and a water outlet pipe (36) communicated with the water filtering cavity is arranged at the lower base (32); the upper shell (31) and the lower base (32) are locked with each other through a locking assembly (37), so that the tank body has two working states of combination and disassembly: when the can body is in an assembled state, the upper shell (31) and the lower base (32) are locked with each other through a locking assembly (37) to form the can body; when the tank body is in a disassembled state, the locking assembly (37) is opened, the lower base (32) descends and is separated from the upper shell (31), and therefore the filtering surface (32a) at the lower base (32) and residual filter cakes on the filtering surface (32a) are exposed;

the integrated production process comprises the following steps:

1) NiSO is added₄、MnSO₄、CoSO₄The ternary material raw materials and pure water are fully stirred and mixed in a stirring and mixing device (10) according to a set proportion to form a ternary material salt solution; at the moment, the concentration of the solution is controlled to be about 20-40%, and the density of the solution is controlled to be 1.1-1.4;

2) feeding the ternary material salt solution into a washing kettle (20) through a pump and a stirring and mixing device (10), adding dilute alkali liquor, a complexing agent, a coating agent and pure water at the same time, performing complex reaction and aging, controlling the pH value to be 11 +/-2, keeping the reaction temperature to be 60 ℃, controlling the reaction time to be less than or equal to 1h and controlling the particle diameter to be 5 microns;

3) after aging, the concentration of the ternary material slurry is controlled to be 35-50%, and the particle diameter distribution is D₅₀＝8～12μm，D₀Not less than 1 μm; then the mixture enters a stirring tank type filter (30), dry powder is added, and pure water and dilute alkali liquor are used for slurrying and washing; after washing, the moisture content of the filter cake is less than 7%, the operation period is less than 2.5h, the solid content of the mother liquor is less than 0.1%, and the flatness of the filter cake is less than 10% of the thickness of the filter cake;

4) and filtering the washed filter cake, and feeding the filter cake into a dryer through a solid discharge pipe (35) to perform drying treatment.

2. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the locking assembly (37) comprises a locking ring (37a) which is coaxially and rotatably matched with the bottom edge of the upper shell (31), the lower annular surface of the locking ring (37a) axially extends downwards along the upper shell (31) in a vertical mode, and meshing teeth (37b) are arranged on the lower annular surface of the locking ring (37a) in a radially inward protruding mode; the outer wall of the lower base (32) is in a two-section stepped shaft shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the outer wall of the large-diameter section of the lower base (32) is radially and convexly provided with matching teeth (37c), and the matching teeth (37c) are sequentially and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower base (32); in the circumferential direction of the locking ring (37a), the distance between every two adjacent meshing teeth (37b) is larger than the width of the matching teeth (37c), so that the matching teeth (37c) can penetrate through the gaps between every two adjacent meshing teeth (37b) from bottom to top; when the tank body is in a combined state, the bottom surface seam allowance of the meshing tooth (37b) is matched with the top surface of the matching tooth (37c), so that the shaft shoulder of the lower base (32) is tightly pressed on the bottom edge of the upper shell (31) from bottom to top in a sealing manner.

3. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: the stirred tank filter (30) further comprises a support assembly for supporting the upper housing (31) from a base surface; the supporting assembly comprises supporting legs (38a) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the upper shell (31), supporting lug seats (38b) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the upper shell (31) in the circumferential direction corresponding to the number of the supporting legs (38a), and the top ends of the bottom ends of the supporting legs (38a) are fixedly connected with the corresponding supporting lug seats (38 b); the piston cylinder end of a hydraulic cylinder (32d) is hinged at the supporting lug seat (38b), and the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (32d) vertically extends downwards and forms a hinged fit relation with a connecting lug plate (32b) fixed at the lower base (32); more than two groups of hydraulic cylinders (32d) are sequentially and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lower base (32).

4. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: the locking ring (37a) generates a rotary thrust by a power cylinder disposed at the upper housing (31); a rotation stopping section (37d) vertically extends upwards from the position of the meshing tooth (37b), and a matching groove (37e) is concavely arranged at the corresponding matching position of the upper shell (31); when the can body is in the combined state, the rotation stopping section (37d) is inserted into the matching groove (37 e).

5. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: the inner ring surface of the locking ring (37a) is in a two-section stepped hole shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the bottom edge of the upper shell (31) is provided with an outward flange (31a), and the upper surface of the outward flange (31a) and the hole shoulder of the locking ring (37a) form a surface-fitting type rotary fit relation; the shape of the meshing tooth (37b) is wedge-shaped block, and the tip of the meshing tooth (37b) points to the locking rotation direction of the lower base (32).

6. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: a moving wheel (32c) is arranged at the lower base (32); a track (39) matched with the movable wheel (32c) when falling is laid on the base surface; an anti-deviation protection plate (39a) for preventing the moving wheel (32c) from deviating is arranged on the outer side of the track (39).

7. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: the stirring assembly (34) comprises a stirring shaft (34a) which is coaxial with the upper shell (31), the top end of the stirring shaft (34a) penetrates through the top surface of the upper shell (31) and forms power fit with a power motor positioned above the upper shell (31), and the bottom end of the stirring shaft (34a) is provided with a stirring blade; the stirring blade comprises a front inclined plate (34b), a rear inclined plate (34c) and a bottom plate (34d), wherein the front inclined plate (34b), the rear inclined plate (34c) and the bottom plate (34d) extend outwards from the radial direction of the stirring shaft (34a), and the slope of the surfaces of the front inclined plate (34b) and the rear inclined plate (34c) is sequentially reduced from inside to outside; the inner ends of the front inclined plate (34b), the rear inclined plate (34c) and the bottom plate (34d) are fixed at the shaft body of the stirring shaft (34a), and the outer ends of the front inclined plate (34b), the rear inclined plate (34c) and the bottom plate (34d) are sealed by an end plate (34e), so that a hollow triangular pyramid structure of the stirring blade is formed; an included angle is reserved between the surface of the bottom plate (34d) and the horizontal plane, and the stirring blades are axially symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the stirring shaft (34 a).

8. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: the front inclined plate (34b) facing the stirring direction of the stirring blades is provided with plough blades (34f) convenient for cutting and turning materials, the appearance of each plough blade (34f) is in an arc-plate tile shape which is gently extended forwards from the surface of the front inclined plate (34b), the plough blades (34f) are uniformly distributed on the front inclined plate (34b) at intervals along the radial direction of the stirring blades, and the advancing paths of the plough blades (34f) on the stirring blades are staggered with each other; and an intermediate blade (34g) is further arranged at the bottom surface of the stirring shaft (34a), and the intermediate blade (34g) and the traveling path of the plough blade (34f) on each stirring blade are matched together to form a complete circle.

9. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: a transverse partition plate (34h) is arranged in the cavity of the stirring blade, and a matching gap is reserved between the front end of the transverse partition plate (34h) and an end plate (34e), so that the cavity of the stirring blade is divided into an upper heating cavity and a lower heating cavity which are communicated with each other only by means of the matching gap; the stirring shaft (34a) is internally provided with a heating inlet (34i) and a heating outlet (34j), and the heating inlet (34i) and the heating outlet (34j) are respectively communicated with the corresponding upper heating cavity and the corresponding lower heating cavity.

10. An integrated production process for ternary materials according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that: the integrated production system further comprises a three-way material conveying pipe (40), an inlet pipe of the three-way material conveying pipe (40) is communicated with an outlet of the solid material discharging pipe (35), the dryer is a double-screw dryer (50), and two groups of outlet pipes of the three-way material conveying pipe (40) are respectively communicated with inlets of one group of double-screw dryers (50); and a material switching valve (60) for selecting one group of outlet pipes to discharge is arranged at the three-way joint part of the three-way material conveying pipe (40).