CN117664846A - Rolling type friction meter for road surface anti-skid performance - Google Patents
Rolling type friction meter for road surface anti-skid performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN117664846A CN117664846A CN202311533435.8A CN202311533435A CN117664846A CN 117664846 A CN117664846 A CN 117664846A CN 202311533435 A CN202311533435 A CN 202311533435A CN 117664846 A CN117664846 A CN 117664846A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rolling friction meter for road surface anti-skid performance, and belongs to the technical field of road surface anti-skid performance test equipment. The roller type friction meter comprises a track recording module, a friction meter base, friction wheels and a friction wheel support, wherein the friction wheel support is arranged on the friction meter base, the friction wheels are arranged on the friction wheel support, the track recording module is located on two sides of the friction meter base, a linear kinetic energy motor for providing linear kinetic energy for the friction wheels is arranged at the rear end of the friction meter base, and an angular kinetic energy motor for providing angular kinetic energy for the friction wheels is arranged on one side of the friction meter base. According to the invention, the angular velocity motor provides the friction wheel with the angular velocity opposite to the movement direction in the test process, then the linear kinetic motor provides the friction wheel with the linear velocity, the friction wheel rotating in the opposite direction is pushed away from the friction meter base, the friction wheel continuously rolls on the road surface, the linear velocity and the angular velocity variation of the friction wheel are measured through high frequency, and the friction coefficient of a section of to-be-tested area can be continuously measured by utilizing the functional relationship.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road surface anti-skid performance test equipment, in particular to a road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction meter.
Background
The anti-skid performance of the road surface is directly related to the key problems of safety of vehicle running, economy of road construction and the like, so that the anti-skid performance of the road surface is always an important index for judging the quality of the road surface. The main indexes for judging the anti-skid performance of the pavement comprise a friction coefficient and a construction depth, wherein the friction coefficient is the ratio of the sliding friction force between a tire and the pavement to the vertical pressure acting on the pavement, and the construction depth is the average depth of open pores with uneven pavement surface of a certain area. Friction coefficient testing methods can be classified into direct testing methods and indirect testing methods according to whether the test object is force or energy. The direct test method is to directly measure the friction force and vertical positive pressure between the friction wheel and the road surface through the load sensor, and directly obtain the friction coefficient of the road surface through calculating the ratio of the friction force to the vertical positive pressure, and the main test equipment comprises a dynamic friction coefficient tester, a locking wheel trailer, a transverse force friction coefficient test vehicle, a longitudinal friction coefficient test vehicle and the like. The indirect test method is to measure the acting distance between the friction force and the work, and calculate the friction force indirectly via the functional relationship to calculate the friction coefficient of road surface via calculating the ratio of friction force to vertical positive pressure.
The basic principle of a pendulum type friction meter is to calculate the friction coefficient of a point to be measured from the loss amount of the high potential energy consumed by friction, which essentially characterizes the friction coefficient by energy loss. Because the pendulum type friction instrument can only measure the friction coefficient of a certain point, the measurement result of the pendulum type friction instrument for the linear to-be-measured area is only discrete data points, and continuous data of the linear area cannot be obtained efficiently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide the rolling type friction meter with the road surface anti-skid performance, wherein the angular velocity opposite to the moving direction in the testing process is provided for the friction wheel supported on the friction meter base by the angular motion energy motor so as to ensure that the friction wheel keeps a reverse rolling state in the whole testing section moving process, and the angular motion energy motor is controlled by the clutch controller to withdraw from the friction wheel after reaching the set rotating speed. And then, providing linear speed for the friction wheel through the linear kinetic energy motor, pushing the friction wheel which rotates reversely away from the friction instrument base, and enabling the friction wheel to fall on a road surface to measure the friction coefficient of a section of area to be measured. The friction coefficient of a section of the to-be-measured area can be continuously measured by utilizing the functional relation by measuring the variation of the linear speed and the angular speed of the friction wheel through high frequency because the friction force and the air resistance are only generated when the friction wheel works in the test process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a road surface antiskid performance roll type friction meter, includes track record module, still includes friction meter base, friction pulley and friction pulley support, friction pulley support installs on the friction meter base, the friction pulley is installed on the friction pulley support, track record module is located the both sides of friction meter base, the rear end of friction meter base is installed and is used for right the linear kinetic energy motor of friction pulley provides linear kinetic energy, one side of friction meter base is installed and is used for right the friction pulley provides the angular kinetic energy motor of angular kinetic energy.
Further, the friction meter base comprises a base bottom plate with adjustable height, base side plates are arranged on two sides of the top of the base bottom plate, the front end of each base side plate is of an arc-shaped downward bending structure, and a motor flange for installing the linear kinetic energy motor is arranged at the top of the rear end of the base bottom plate.
Further, the friction wheel comprises a friction wheel main body, the friction wheel main body comprises a friction tire and a wheel shaft, wear-resistant shaft sleeves are sleeved at two ends of the wheel shaft, the two wear-resistant shaft sleeves are respectively positioned at the tops of the two base side plates, and two lasers are respectively installed at two ends of the wheel shaft.
Further, the linear kinetic energy motor comprises a linear kinetic energy servo motor, a screw rod is connected to an output shaft of the linear kinetic energy servo motor, and a screw rod guide rail is sleeved on the screw rod.
Further, the friction wheel support comprises two lower guide rails arranged on the base bottom plate and two upper guide rails symmetrically arranged on the two base side plates, a push plate frame is connected between the two lower guide rails in a sliding manner, and the push plate frame is connected with the screw rod guide rails; the push plate frame is rotationally connected with two L-shaped brackets, and the two wear-resistant shaft sleeves are respectively clamped between the brackets and the push plate frame which correspond to each other.
Further, a supporting spring is arranged between the bottom of each support and the push plate frame, and pulleys matched with the upper guide rail are arranged on each support.
Further, a friction meter side support is arranged on one side of the friction meter base, and the angular kinetic energy motor is slidably mounted on the friction meter side support.
Further, a clutch controller for adjusting the position of the angular kinetic energy motor is arranged on the side support of the friction meter, the clutch controller comprises a driving motor arranged on the side support of the friction meter and a motor support slidably connected with the side support of the friction meter, an eccentric disc is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor, and the eccentric disc is connected with the motor support through a connecting rod.
Further, the track recording module comprises two telescopic laser curtains symmetrically arranged on two sides of the friction meter base, and a high-speed camera is further arranged on the outer side of each laser curtain.
Further, the level gauge is further installed at the top of the rear end of the friction gauge base, the level gauge comprises a mounting plate, and a tube level gauge and a round level gauge are installed on the mounting plate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that,
1. according to the rolling type friction meter, the angular kinetic energy motor provides the friction wheel with the angular velocity opposite to the movement direction in the test process, so that the friction wheel is ensured to keep a reverse rolling state in the whole test section movement process, and the angular kinetic energy motor is controlled by the clutch controller to withdraw from the friction wheel after the set rotation speed is reached. And then, providing linear speed for the friction wheel through the linear kinetic energy motor, pushing the friction wheel which rotates reversely away from the friction instrument base, and enabling the friction wheel to fall on a road surface to measure the friction coefficient of a section of area to be measured. Because the friction force and the air resistance are only generated when the friction wheel works in the test process, the change of the linear speed and the angular speed of the friction wheel can be measured by high frequency, and the friction coefficient of a section of the to-be-tested area can be continuously and accurately measured and calculated by utilizing the functional relation.
2. Unlike available pendulum type friction instrument, the rolling friction instrument of the present invention can control the friction wheel to rotate reversely in the area to be measured and can measure the data in the linear area to be measured fast and continuously to obtain the friction coefficient in the linear area to be measured accurately and effectively.
3. In order to accurately measure the space position and the motion state of the friction wheel in the whole test process, the track recording module in the invention shoots images of four laser beams on the friction wheel irradiated onto the laser curtain through high frequency, and abundant space coordinates and speed information can be obtained through data processing, so that the friction coefficient of each point on the motion track of the friction wheel is calculated based on a functional relation principle.
4. The friction wheel support can not only provide friction-free support for the friction wheel in the energy charging stage of the friction wheel, but also drive the friction wheel to translate to the tail end of the upper rail on the side plate of the base through the cooperation of the friction wheel support and the linear kinetic energy motor, and then pull the support to rotate under the action of the support spring, so that the constraint on the friction wheel is relieved, and friction force can freely slide downwards along the side plate of the base to contact with the ground, thereby completing the release of the friction wheel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a friction meter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the friction meter according to the first embodiment of the invention except for the track recording module.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the overall structure of fig. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the entire structure of a friction meter base according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a friction gauge base structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a friction gauge base structure in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a level in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a friction wheel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an exploded view of a friction wheel structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view illustrating an internal structure of a friction wheel body according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a linear motor according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 12 is an exploded view of a linear motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a friction wheel bracket according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is an exploded view of a friction wheel carrier structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the friction wheel holder and friction meter base and friction wheel position relationship in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a schematic view showing the positions of the pushing plate frame and the bracket according to the first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the side support of the friction meter and the angular motor according to the first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a friction meter side support and a clutch controller according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a clutch controller according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a track recording module according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 21 is an exploded view of a laser curtain according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-track recording module, 101-laser curtain, 1011-fixed loop bar, 1012-reel loop bar, 1013-retractable curtain, 1014-rotating tube, 1015-spring mandrel, 1016-tension bolt, 102-high speed camera, 2-tribometer base, 201-base bottom plate, 202-base side plate, 203-foot cup, 204-universal wheel, 205-motor flange, 206-wear block, 207-spacer block, 3-level, 301-mounting plate, 302-tube level, 303-round level, 4-friction wheel, 401-friction wheel body, 4011-friction tire, 4012-axle, 4013-mounting hole, 402-laser, 403-wear sleeve, 4031-socket, 5-linear kinetic motor, 501-linear kinetic energy servo motor, 502-coupling, 503-screw rod, 504-fixed base, 505-screw rod guide rail, 506-snap spring, 6-friction wheel bracket, 601-lower guide rail, 602-connecting slide block, 603-upper guide rail, 604-pushing plate bracket, 6041-vertical bracket, 6042-connecting plate, 6043-connecting pin mounting groove, 6044-bearing mounting groove, 605-connecting pin, 606-bracket, 607-supporting spring, 608-pulley, 609-bearing, 7-friction instrument side support, 701-top plate, 702-rib plate, 8-angular kinetic energy motor, 801-angular kinetic energy servo motor, 802-pin flange plate, 803-flange pin, 9-clutch controller, 901-side guide rail, 902-side guide rail slide block, 903-motor bracket, 904-driving motor, 905-eccentric disk, 906-fixed block, 907-connecting rod.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1-17, the rolling type friction meter with road surface anti-skid performance comprises a track recording module 1, a friction meter base 2, friction wheels 4, a linear kinetic energy motor 5, a friction wheel support 6 and an angular kinetic energy motor 8, wherein the friction wheel support 6 is arranged on the friction meter base 2, the friction wheels 4 are arranged on the friction wheel support 6, and the track recording module 1 is positioned on two sides of the friction meter base 2 and is used for recording the space position and the movement state of the friction wheels 4; the rear end of the friction meter base 2 is provided with a linear kinetic energy motor 5 for providing linear kinetic energy for the friction wheel 4, and one side of the friction meter base 2 is provided with an angular kinetic energy motor 8 for providing angular kinetic energy for the friction wheel 4.
Specifically, the friction meter base 2 includes a base bottom plate 201, base side plates 202 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the top of the base bottom plate 201, the base bottom plate 201 and the base side plates 202 form a U-shaped structure, the front end of the base side plates 202 is of an arc-shaped downward bending structure, four height-adjustable foot cups 203 and four universal wheels 204 are arranged at the bottom of the base bottom plate 201, the foot cups 203 are main supporting members of the whole friction meter and are responsible for stably supporting the friction meter in the testing process. The pin cup 203 adopts a pin cup structure in the prior art, and the height of the pin cup 203 can be adjusted by bolts, and the detailed structure of the pin cup 203 is not described in detail in the application. The universal wheel 204 is a supporting and adjusting member of the friction meter and is responsible for stably supporting and flexibly rotating the whole friction meter when adjusting the releasing direction of the friction wheel 4. The bottom of the universal wheel 204 adopts a high-strength wear-resistant metal ball structure, so that the plane formed by the four universal wheels 204 is always parallel to the upper surface of the base bottom plate 201. When the releasing direction of the friction wheel 4 is adjusted, the foot cup 203 is retracted to be attached to the bottom surface of the base bottom plate 201, at the moment, the bottom surface of the foot cup 203 is higher than the bottom surface of the universal wheel 204, and the friction instrument is supported by the universal wheel 204 to freely slide on the ground; after the releasing direction of the friction wheel 4 is determined, the foot cup 203 is lowered to the lowest position, the bottom surface of the foot cup 203 is lower than the bottom surface of the universal wheel 204, the universal wheel 204 is lifted and suspended, and the friction instrument is stably supported on the ground by the foot cup 203.
The rear end top of base bottom plate 201 is equipped with motor flange 205, just motor flange 205 is located between two base curb plates 202, linear motion motor 5 is installed on motor flange 205's the rear end face, just linear motion motor 5's output runs through motor flange 205, two the top of base curb plate 202 is all seted up flutedly, install wear-resisting piece 206 in the recess, the both ends of friction wheel 4 are located two respectively wear-resisting piece 206's top scribbles lubricating oil on wear-resisting piece 206 for friction wheel 4 can play stable supporting role to friction wheel 4 when filling the angular motion.
In order to accurately and rapidly observe the inclination direction and the degree of the friction meter, the release direction of the friction wheel 4 is adjusted, the level meter 3 is further installed at the top of the motor flange 205, the level meter 3 comprises a mounting plate 301, a tube level 302 and a round level 303 are installed on the mounting plate 301, the mounting plate 301 is used for stably fixing the tube level 302 and the round level 303 on the friction meter, two threaded holes for fixing the tube level 302, three threaded holes for fixing the round level 303 and two threaded holes for fixing the mounting plate 301 on the motor flange 205 are formed in the mounting plate 301. The tube level 302 can accurately observe the degree of inclination of the friction meter in the transverse direction, and is used for accurately observing the degree of inclination in the transverse direction when the releasing direction of the friction wheel 4 is adjusted; the circular collimator 303 can comprehensively observe the inclination direction in the horizontal plane of the friction meter, so that the approximate release direction of the friction wheel 4 can be quickly found when the release direction of the friction wheel 4 is adjusted.
The friction wheel 4 comprises a friction wheel main body 401, wherein the friction wheel main body 401 is composed of a friction tire 4011 with a smooth surface and a wheel axle 4012, the friction tire 4011 is directly contacted with the surface of a region to be tested in the test process and is used for testing the friction coefficient of the region to be tested, and the surface of the friction tire 4011 is subjected to smooth treatment, so that the friction force can be reduced, and the test distance can be increased; the axle 4012 is used for supporting the whole friction wheel 4 in an energy storage stage, four mounting holes 4013 for mounting the lasers 402 are formed in the two ends of the axle 4012, the lasers 402 are mounted in each mounting hole 4013, the connecting line of two mounting holes 4013 is collinear with the axis of the axle 4012, and the axes of the other two mounting holes 4013 pass through the wheel center. The four mounting holes 4013 are positioned on two intersecting straight lines, so that the four laser beams emitted by the four lasers 402 mounted in the four mounting holes 4013 form two straight lines passing through the center of the wheel. The laser 402 can continuously emit laser to the track recording modules 1 at two sides of the friction meter base 2 in the test stage, so that four laser points can be continuously snapped by the track recording modules 1 to be used for calculating and analyzing the information such as the space position, the motion gesture, the running speed, the energy change, the friction coefficient and the like of the friction wheel 4.
The two ends of the wheel axle 4012 are sleeved with wear-resistant shaft sleeves 403, the wear-resistant shaft sleeves 403 are fixed on the wheel axle 4012 through bolts, six sockets 4031 connected with the angular motor 8 are arranged on the outer sides of the wear-resistant shaft sleeves 403, so that the friction wheel 4 can be driven by the angular motor 8 to accelerate and store energy in situ in the angular motor energy storage stage, and when the friction wheel is accelerated and stored energy in situ, the two wear-resistant shaft sleeves 403 are respectively and correspondingly positioned at the tops of the two wear-resistant blocks 206, and the wear-resistant shaft sleeves 403 are supported through the wear-resistant blocks 206, so that the friction main body 401 is positioned between the two base side plates 202. The wear-resistant shaft sleeve 403 is made of high-strength material, so that the friction wheel 4 can be supported stably with low loss in the energy storage and release stage on the friction meter.
The linear kinetic energy motor 5 comprises a linear kinetic energy servo motor 501, the output end of the linear kinetic energy servo motor 501 is connected with a screw rod 503 through a coupler 502, both ends of the screw rod 503 are respectively provided with a fixed base 504 for supporting the screw rod 503, the base bottom plate 201 is provided with two cushion blocks 207 for supporting the fixed base 504, and the height of the cushion blocks 207 enables the axis of the screw rod 503 to be collinear with the axis of the linear kinetic energy servo motor 501; the screw rod 503 is sleeved with a screw rod guide rail 505, torque output by the servo motor 501 is transmitted to the screw rod 503 through a coupler 502, the screw rod 503 and the screw rod guide rail 505 are matched with each other, the torque is converted into axial force, the screw rod guide rail 505 moves on the screw rod 503 along the axial direction, and therefore the friction force 4 is charged with established linear kinetic energy, and the friction force 4 can finish testing of a to-be-tested area at a positive linear speed. One end of the screw rod 503 is provided with a clamp spring 506, so that stability of the screw rod 503 in the rotation process is ensured.
The friction wheel support 6 comprises two lower guide rails 601, the two lower guide rails 601 are symmetrically arranged on the base bottom plate 201, a slide block matched with each other is arranged on the lower guide rails 601 in a sliding mode, the two slide blocks are connected through a connecting slide block 602, the connecting slide block 602 can slide between the tops of the two lower guide rails 601, the connecting slide block 602 is sleeved on the screw guide rail 505, and the connecting slide block 602 and the screw guide rail 505 synchronously slide under the action of the online kinetic energy motor 5. The two friction wheel brackets 6 further comprise two upper guide rails 603 symmetrically arranged on the two base side plates 202, a pushing plate frame 604 is arranged at the top of the connecting sliding block 602, the pushing plate frame 604 comprises two vertical frames 6041 and a connecting plate 6042 at the bottom, the connecting plate 6042 is arranged on the connecting sliding block 602 through bolts, each vertical frame 6041 is provided with a connecting pin mounting groove 6043 and a bearing mounting groove 6044, and the connecting pin mounting groove 6043 is positioned below the bearing mounting groove 6044; the connecting pin mounting groove 6043 is internally provided with a connecting pin 605, each connecting pin 605 is rotatably connected with an L-shaped bracket 606, and a supporting spring 607 is connected between the bottom of the bracket 606 and the side surface of the push plate frame 604. A pulley 608 is arranged on the horizontal section of the bracket 606 in a rolling way, and in the process that the integral structure formed by the connecting sliding block 602, the push plate frame 604 and the bracket 606 moves along with the screw rod guide rail 505, the pulley 608 is pulled downwards and pressed on the upper guide rail 603 under the action force of the supporting spring 607, so that the bracket 606 stably slides along the upper guide rail 603; when the bracket 606 moves to the end of the upper guide rail 603 and is separated from the upper guide rail 603, the downward acting force of the supporting spring 607 can enable the bracket 606 to rotate downwards around the connecting pin 605 as the axis, the restraint of the bracket 606 on the friction wheel 4 is removed, and the friction wheel 4 can slide to the surface of the area to be measured along the top surface of the side plate 202 of the base. The vertical section of the bracket 606 is also provided with bearing mounting grooves 6044 at positions corresponding to the bearing mounting grooves 6044 on the vertical frame 6041, two groups of bearings 609 are arranged in each bearing mounting groove 6044, the middle section of the wear-resistant shaft sleeve 403 is clamped between the vertical frame 6041 and the bracket 606, no friction constraint is formed through the bearings 609, and the friction wheel 4 and the friction wheel bracket 6 can not generate excessive idle work loss in the process of energy storage and acceleration of the friction force 4; when the bracket 606 moves to the end of the upper guide rail 603 and is separated from the upper guide rail 603, the supporting spring 607 pulls the bracket 606 to rotate downwards, the restraint of the bracket 606 on the friction force 4 is removed, and the friction wheel 4 can slide along the base side plate 202 by itself.
A friction meter side support 7 is arranged on the outer side of the top of one base side plate 202, the angular motor 8 is slidably arranged on the top of the friction meter side support 7, the friction meter side support 7 comprises a top plate 701 and two triangular rib plates 702, two sides of the two triangular rib plates 702 are respectively connected with the base side plate 202 and the top plate 701, and one side of the top plate 701 is also connected with the base side plate 202, so that the stability of the whole friction meter side support 7 is improved; the bottom of the top plate 701 is also provided with the footcup 203, and the four footcups 203 on the tribometer base 2 are always at the same height as the footcup 203 at the bottom of the top plate 701. The angular motion motor 8 is slidably mounted on the top of the top plate 701, and the angular motion motor 8 comprises an angular motion servo motor 801, a pin flange 802 is connected to an output shaft of the angular motion servo motor 801, and six flange pins 803 are connected to the pin flange 802 through bolts. When the friction wheel 4 is charged with angular kinetic energy, the angular kinetic energy motor 8 moves to the position that six flange pins 803 correspond to six sockets 4031 at the end part of the wear-resisting shaft sleeve 403, and the six flange pins 803 are inserted into the corresponding sockets 4031, so that the angular kinetic energy servo motor 801 can drive the whole friction wheel 4 to rotate. After the energy storage of the friction wheel 4 is finished, the whole angular movement motor 8 reversely moves to be separated from the friction wheel 4.
The working principle and the operation flow of the friction meter in the invention comprise:
(1) Preparing a friction meter: after the friction meter is assembled, the friction meter is placed on the surface of the area to be measured, the friction wheel bracket 6 is abutted against the rear end of the friction meter base 2, and the friction wheel 4 is placed at the position of the friction wheel bracket 6 corresponding to the wear-resisting block 206. The entire 4 foot cups 203 under the tribometer base 2 and 1 foot cup 203 under the tribometer side support 7 are raised to a level higher than the bottom surface of the universal wheel 204, at which time the tribometer is supported on the ground by 4 universal wheels 204.
(2) Adjusting the release direction: the angle of the friction meter is adjusted according to the position of the quasi-bubble in the circular level 303, so that the release direction of the friction wheel 4 is opposite to the maximum gradient direction to be measured (only the longitudinal downward gradient is ensured in order to ensure the straight line section to be tested, no gradient is left transversely, the friction wheel 4 is prevented from being contacted with the test surface in an inclined state), the centering degree of the bubble of the tube level 302 is observed after the approximate direction is determined, and the release direction of the friction wheel 4 is finely adjusted until the bubble of the tube level 302 is centered. After the release direction is adjusted, 5 cups 203 are lowered synchronously, so that the friction meter is stably supported on the ground.
(3) Erection track record module 1: the two laser curtains 101 are stretched to slightly exceed the length of the to-be-measured area and fixed, then are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the to-be-measured area, then a high-speed camera 102 is respectively erected at the outer sides of the laser curtains 101, and finally 4 lasers 402 in the friction wheel 4 are turned on.
(4) The friction wheel 4 is charged: the friction wheel 4 is rotated to make the socket 4031 at the end of the axle 4012 correspond to the flange pin 803 on the angular motor 8, and then the angular motor 8 is adjusted to push the flange pin 803 inwards to fully snap into the socket 4031. The angular kinetic energy motor 8 is started to charge the friction wheel 4 with angular kinetic energy, and after the angular kinetic energy motor 8 reaches a set rotating speed, the angular kinetic energy motor 8 moves outwards to be separated from the friction wheel 4, and meanwhile, the linear kinetic energy motor 5 is started to charge the friction wheel 4 with linear kinetic energy. When the friction wheel 4 moves to the end of the upper guide 603, the bracket 603 is pulled down by the supporting spring 607, and the friction wheel 4 moves in a tangential direction along the upper surface of the side plate 202 of the base of the friction meter to the surface of the area to be measured.
(5) Test friction coefficient: the friction wheel 4 runs forward to complete the to-be-tested area in a reverse rotation state, and the information such as the spatial position, the motion gesture, the speed change, the energy change, the friction coefficient of the test area and the like of the friction wheel 4 in the whole test process are all irradiated on the laser curtain 101 by 4 laser beams emitted from two sides of the friction wheel 4, photographed and recorded by the high-speed camera 102, and then transmitted to the computer, and the information is obtained by software through analysis and processing by adopting a specific mathematical model.
Examples
On the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment provides a manner in which the angular movement motor 8 is slidably connected to the top plate 701, specifically, a clutch controller 9 is installed on the top plate 701, so as to adjust and control the position of the angular movement motor 8, as shown in fig. 18 and 19.
Specifically, the clutch controller 9 includes two side rails 901 installed on the top plate 701, each side rail 901 is slidably connected with a side rail slider 902 that is matched with each other, a motor bracket 903 is connected between the two side rail sliders 902 through a bolt, the angular motor 8 is installed on the motor bracket 903, a driving motor 904 is further installed at the bottom of the top plate 701, an output shaft of the driving motor 904 penetrates through the top plate 701, an eccentric disc 905 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 904, the eccentric disc 905 is located above the top plate 701, a fixing block 906 is installed on a side surface of the motor bracket 903, the fixing block 906 is located below the angular motor 8, and the fixing block 906 is connected with the eccentric disc 905 through a connecting rod 907, one end of the connecting rod 907 is connected to an eccentric shaft of the eccentric disc 905, and the other end is connected to an axis of the fixing block 906. The driving motor 904 rotates to drive the eccentric disc 905 to rotate, and then the connecting rod 907 drives the fixed block 906 and the motor bracket 903 to perform linear clutch motion along the extending direction of the side guide 901, so as to adjust and control the position of the angular kinetic energy motor 8.
Examples
On the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the track recording module 1 includes two laser curtains 101 symmetrically disposed on two sides of the tribometer base 2, and a high-speed camera 102 is further disposed on the outer side of each laser curtain 101, as shown in fig. 20 and 21. The laser curtain 101 is used for displaying the position information of four laser beams emitted by a laser 402 installed on a wheel axle 4012 of the friction wheel 4 on a pair of mutually parallel space planes, the high-speed camera 102 is used for capturing and recording laser point images on the laser curtain 101 at a high speed, the stored images are transmitted to a computer after the test is completed, two-dimensional coordinate information of four laser points of each frame and time information recorded by the camera are identified by using specific software, and the information such as the space position, the motion gesture, the speed change, the energy change and the friction coefficient of a friction wheel bottom test area of the friction wheel at any moment is obtained through software calculation processing.
More specifically, the laser curtain 101 includes a fixed loop bar 1011 and a spool loop bar 1012, a retractable curtain 1013 is connected between the fixed loop bar 1011 and the spool loop bar 1012, a guide slot matched with an end plastic interface of the retractable curtain 1013 is provided on a side surface of the fixed loop bar 1011, and is used for fixing and tensioning the retractable curtain 1013, and the mass of the fixed loop bar 1011 is consistent with the mass of the spool loop bar 1012; the spool sleeve 1012 is a hollow structure, and the inside of the spool sleeve is provided with a rotating shaft for automatically winding the retractable curtain 1013 and a cavity for accommodating the retractable curtain 1013, so that the retractable curtain 1013 can be automatically wound and tightened.
The roller sleeve 1012 is internally provided with a rotary pipe 1014, one end of the retractable curtain 1013 connected with the roller sleeve 1012 is specifically connected with the rotary pipe 1014, and a vertical groove is formed in the side surface of the rotary pipe 1014 for fixing the retractable curtain 1013. A spring mandrel 1015 is arranged in the rotary tube 1014, a vertical groove is formed in an inner mandrel rod of the rotary tube 1014 for fixing a coil spring, the bottom of the mandrel rod is fixed on the upper surface of a chassis of the reel sleeve rod 1012, and the bottom of the mandrel rod bears the torque of the coil spring; the outside of the coil spring is fixed in another vertical groove formed on the side surface of the rotary tube 1014, and two threaded holes are formed on the top plate of the rotary tube 1014 for installing the elastic bolt 1016, and the elastic bolt 1016 is used for controlling the adduction or fixation of the rotating shaft. When the telescopic curtain 1013 is erected, the rotary pipe 1014 needs to be fixed through the elastic bolts 1016, so that the telescopic curtain 1013 cannot be deformed during the whole testing process. The overall structure of the laser curtain 101 is similar to that of a separation belt, the rolling mode of the laser curtain 101 is similar to that of the separation belt, and the length of the telescopic curtain 1013 is adjusted by the mutual matching of the fixed sleeve rod 1011 and the scroll sleeve rod 1012, so that the telescopic curtain 1013 is convenient to store.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The rolling friction meter with the road surface anti-skid performance comprises a track recording module (1), and is characterized in that: still include friction appearance base (2), friction wheel (4) and friction wheel support (6), friction wheel support (6) are installed on friction appearance base (2), friction wheel (4) are installed on friction wheel support (6), track record module (1) are located the both sides of friction appearance base (2), linear kinetic energy motor (5) that are used for right friction wheel (4) provide linear kinetic energy are installed to the rear end of friction appearance base (2), be used for right one side of friction appearance base (2) angular kinetic energy motor (8) that friction wheel (4) provide angular kinetic energy.
2. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction meter according to claim 1, wherein: the friction meter base (2) comprises a base bottom plate (201) with adjustable height, base side plates (202) are arranged on two sides of the top of the base bottom plate (201), the front end of each base side plate (202) is of an arc-shaped downward bending structure, and a motor flange (205) for installing the linear kinetic energy motor (5) is arranged at the top of the rear end of the base bottom plate (201).
3. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction meter according to claim 2, wherein: the friction wheel (4) comprises a friction wheel main body (401), the friction wheel main body (401) comprises a friction tire (4011) and a wheel shaft (4012), wear-resistant shaft sleeves (403) are sleeved at two ends of the wheel shaft (4012), the two wear-resistant shaft sleeves (403) are respectively located at the tops of the two base side plates (202), and two lasers (402) are respectively installed at two ends of the wheel shaft (4012).
4. A road surface skid resistance roller friction apparatus as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the linear kinetic energy motor (5) comprises a linear kinetic energy servo motor (501), a screw rod (503) is connected to an output shaft of the linear kinetic energy servo motor (501), and a screw rod guide rail (505) is sleeved on the screw rod (503).
5. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction meter according to claim 4, wherein: the friction wheel bracket (6) comprises two lower guide rails (601) arranged on the base bottom plate (201), and two upper guide rails (603) symmetrically arranged on the two base side plates (202), a push plate frame (604) is connected between the two lower guide rails (601) in a sliding manner, and the push plate frame (604) is connected with the screw rod guide rail (505); the push plate frame (604) is rotatably connected with two L-shaped brackets (606), and the two wear-resistant shaft sleeves (403) are respectively clamped between the brackets (606) and the push plate frame (604) which are mutually corresponding.
6. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: a supporting spring (607) is arranged between the bottom of each bracket (606) and the push plate frame (604), and each bracket (606) is provided with a pulley (608) matched with the upper guide rail (603).
7. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction meter according to claim 1, wherein: one side of the friction meter base (2) is provided with a friction meter side support (7), and the angular movement motor (8) is slidably mounted on the friction meter side support (7).
8. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: be equipped with on the friction appearance side support (7) and be used for adjusting clutch control ware (9) of angular movement ability motor (8) position, clutch control ware (9) are including installing driving motor (904) on friction appearance side support (7), and with motor support (903) of friction appearance side support (7) sliding connection, be connected with eccentric disc (905) on the output shaft of driving motor (904), eccentric disc (905) with be connected through connecting rod (907) between motor support (903).
9. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction meter according to claim 1, wherein: the track recording module (1) comprises two telescopic laser curtains (101) symmetrically arranged on two sides of the friction meter base (2), and a high-speed camera (102) is further arranged on the outer side of each laser curtain (101).
10. The road surface anti-skid performance rolling friction meter according to claim 1, wherein: the level gauge is characterized in that a level gauge (3) is further installed at the top of the rear end of the friction gauge base (2), the level gauge (3) comprises a mounting plate (301), and a tube level gauge (302) and a round level gauge (303) are installed on the mounting plate (301).
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