CN109507105B - Road anti-skid performance test system and test method thereof - Google Patents
Road anti-skid performance test system and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109507105B CN109507105B CN201811367955.5A CN201811367955A CN109507105B CN 109507105 B CN109507105 B CN 109507105B CN 201811367955 A CN201811367955 A CN 201811367955A CN 109507105 B CN109507105 B CN 109507105B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a road anti-skid performance test system and a test method, comprising a test vehicle system, an acceleration system, a transition system and a detection system; the test car system composed of the test car main body and the test car guide wheel arranged on the test car main body is accelerated by utilizing the acceleration system composed of the acceleration system track and the acceleration magnetic field coil arranged on the acceleration system track, after the test car system reaches a preset speed, the test car main body is transited to a road to be tested by utilizing the transition system which is connected with the acceleration system track and plays a transition role, and the speed detector arranged on the test car main body is utilized to detect the real-time speed of the test car main body, so that key data in the test process are obtained, the result is accurate, and the detection is convenient. Meanwhile, the known weight and friction coefficient are measured by using a test, so that a relation curve of the speed and the dynamic friction coefficient can be quickly obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of road testing, and particularly relates to a road anti-skid performance testing system and a testing method thereof.
Background
The anti-skid performance of the road surface is closely related to traffic safety, and a road management department needs to test the anti-skid performance of the built road regularly and accept the anti-skid performance of the newly built road. The equipment and the matched method which can accurately and objectively represent the novel anti-skid performance of the road surface are very important.
At present, three types of devices for detecting the friction coefficient of a road surface are mainly used, namely a pendulum instrument, a transverse force coefficient testing vehicle and a dynamic friction coefficient tester.
The pendulum type instrument is mainly used for detecting the friction coefficient of a road surface, and is a typical representative of a fixed point type friction coefficient detection device. The working principle is that a pendulum bob provided with a rubber sliding block on the bottom surface freely swings downwards from a certain height, and the sliding block is contacted with the road surface and swings back to a certain height. Due to the existence of friction resistance, the smaller the backswing height is, the larger the friction coefficient of the road surface is. The pendulum instrument is a standard experimental apparatus, is suitable for laboratory research and field measurement, and has the advantages of simple and visual operation; the defects are that the measuring points are random and subjective, the representativeness is not ideal, the experimental data is greatly influenced by the skill of an operator, and the error is large.
The transverse force coefficient measuring method needs to adopt a large-scale professional equipment vehicle for measurement, the experimental wheel is set to form a certain angle with the driving direction, so that the transverse frictional resistance which is perpendicular to the plane of the experimental wheel is generated, the ratio of the force to the vertical load borne by the experimental wheel is the transverse force coefficient, and the transverse force coefficient can represent the road surface impedance when the vehicle is actually braked or sideslips occur. The transverse force coefficient is an index directly reflecting the anti-skid performance of the road surface, and has the advantage of large-scale continuous monitoring; the disadvantages are that the cost is high, and the data is greatly influenced by factors such as the detected environment, the vehicle speed, the measured tire and the like.
The measuring principle of the dynamic friction coefficient measuring instrument is as follows: the disc is released from a high place to the road surface, the disc is gradually decelerated to be static under the action of the friction force of the road surface, the friction force F between the rubber slide block and the road surface is continuously recorded in the process, and if the positive pressure on the rubber slide block is W, the dynamic friction coefficient DF is equal to F/W. The method can realize continuous measurement and obtain a relation curve of speed and dynamic friction coefficient. But the initial speed of the disc cannot be accurately controlled, and the calculation result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a road skid resistance testing system and a testing method thereof, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a road skid resistance performance test system comprises a test vehicle system, an acceleration system, a transition system and a detection system;
the test car system comprises a test car main body and a test car guide wheel arranged on the test car main body, wherein the test car guide wheel is connected with the outer side of the test car main body through a guide wheel frame, the test car guide wheel can rotate relative to the guide wheel frame, a friction layer is arranged at the bottom of the test car main body, and a groove is formed in the test car guide wheel; a speed sensor for sensing the real-time speed of the test car is arranged in the test car main body, the lowest ends of the guide wheel and the guide wheel frame of the test car are higher than the lowest end of the friction layer, and the test car main body is a permanent magnet;
the accelerating system comprises an accelerating system track and an accelerating magnetic field coil arranged on the accelerating system track, two rows of bulges matched with the grooves of the test vehicle guide wheels are arranged on the accelerating system track, and the test vehicle guide wheels are positioned between the bulges of the two rows of accelerating system tracks during acceleration;
the transition system comprises a transition system track with one end connected to one end of the acceleration system track, and a plurality of rows of transition system rollers are arranged on the transition system track; the other end of the transition system track is connected with a road to be tested;
the detection system comprises a temperature detector, a signal receiver and a controller, wherein the signal receiver is used for receiving a vehicle speed signal detected by the test vehicle main body, and the controller is connected with the signal receiver; the controller is used for storing the running speed of the test vehicle body received by the signal receiver.
Furthermore, the speed sensors are distributed on the left side and the right side of the test vehicle main body.
Furthermore, the friction layer is a rubber friction layer.
Furthermore, the rail of the acceleration system adopts a self-closed annular acceleration guide rail, the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail comprises an inner guide rail and an outer guide rail, and the outer side of the inner rail and the inner side of the outer rail are respectively provided with a circle of convex rail matched with the guide wheel groove of the test vehicle.
Furthermore, the self-sealing annular accelerating guide rail comprises an annular section and a straight section, and the annular section and the straight section are rigidly connected through a connecting block; the accelerating magnetic field coil is arranged on the straight section of the self-closed annular accelerating guide rail; the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail is connected to the acceleration system base through a connecting frame, and the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail also comprises an acceleration system power supply system connected with the acceleration magnetic field coil; the lower end of the acceleration system base is provided with a plurality of fixing columns; the convex track on the straight section is arranged on the track of the acceleration system in a telescopic way, and the track of the transition system is arranged at the lower end of the straight section of the track of the acceleration system.
Furthermore, the accelerating system track adopts a straight accelerating guide rail, and a plurality of accelerating magnetic field coils are arranged on the straight accelerating guide rail.
Furthermore, the detection system also comprises a test system track used for guiding the test vehicle main body, a guide rail groove matched with a test vehicle guide wheel on the test vehicle main body is arranged on the test system track, a convex block is arranged on the guide rail groove, the convex block is arranged in a groove of the test vehicle guide wheel, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the convex block are not in contact with the upper wall and the lower wall of the groove of the test vehicle guide wheel.
Further, the test system track is fixedly connected through the test system connecting rod.
A road skid resistance performance test method comprises the following steps:
step 1), obtaining an initial set movement speed of a test vehicle main body;
step 2), carrying out sliding test on the test vehicle main body with the set initial motion speed on a road surface to be tested, and obtaining a moving speed curve of the test vehicle main body and a temperature value of the road to be tested; and calculating to obtain the pavement resistance index to be measured according to the sliding coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention relates to a road skid resistance performance test system, which comprises a test vehicle system, an acceleration system, a transition system and a detection system; the method comprises the steps of accelerating a test vehicle system consisting of a test vehicle main body and a test vehicle guide wheel arranged on the test vehicle main body by utilizing an accelerating system consisting of an accelerating system track and an accelerating magnetic field coil arranged on the accelerating system track, enabling the test vehicle system to reach a preset speed, then utilizing a transition system connected with the accelerating system track to play a transition role to transition the test vehicle main body to a road to be tested, detecting the real-time speed of the test vehicle main body by utilizing a speed detector arranged on the test vehicle main body, thereby obtaining key data in the testing process, and simultaneously utilizing known weight and friction coefficient of the test measurement, thereby being capable of rapidly obtaining a relation curve of the speed and the dynamic friction coefficient. Two rows of bulges matched with the grooves of the guide wheels of the test vehicle are arranged on the track of the acceleration system, and the guide wheels of the test vehicle are positioned between the two rows of bulges of the track of the acceleration system during acceleration, so that the acceleration stability of the main body of the test vehicle is ensured. The device has simple structure, easy realization and low price.
Furthermore, the speed sensors are distributed on the left side and the right side of the main body of the test vehicle, the speed of the vehicle is detected through the two speed sensors, and the result is accurate and reliable.
Furthermore, the friction layer is made of rubber, so that the rubber is wear-resistant and the obtained friction coefficient is stable.
Furthermore, the track of the acceleration system adopts a self-closed annular acceleration guide rail, so that the space is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test vehicle system.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the test cart.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the test vehicle.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the acceleration system.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the acceleration system.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transition system.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the detection system.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the testing system of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the testing system of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, testing the guide wheel of the vehicle; 2. a test vehicle body; 3. a speed sensor; 4. a guide wheel frame; 5. A friction layer; 6. an acceleration system base; 7. an accelerating magnetic field coil; 8. a connecting frame; 9. an acceleration system power supply system; 10. fixing a column; 11. a transition system track; 12. a transition system roller; 13. the testing system is connected with the rod piece; 14. testing a system track; 15. a temperature detector; 16. accelerating the system track.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in the figure, the road anti-skid performance testing system comprises a testing vehicle system, an accelerating system, a transition system and a detecting system;
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the test vehicle system includes a test vehicle main body 2 and a test vehicle guide wheel 1 disposed on the test vehicle main body 2, the test vehicle guide wheel 1 is connected with the outer side of the test vehicle main body 2 through a guide wheel frame 4, the test vehicle guide wheel 1 can rotate relative to the guide wheel frame 4, a friction layer 5 is disposed at the bottom of the test vehicle main body 2, and a groove is disposed on the test vehicle guide wheel 1; the test car body 2 is internally provided with a speed sensor 3 which is used for sensing the real-time speed of the test car and outputting a large number of linear speeds at different moments in a short time period, data are output to a designated computer by a wireless transmission device, and the speed sensors 3 are distributed on the left side and the right side of the test car body 2; the lowest ends of the guide wheel 1 and the guide wheel frame 4 of the test vehicle are higher than the lowest end of the friction layer 5; the test vehicle main body 2 is a permanent magnet;
the friction layer is a rubber friction layer; the speed sensor is connected with a wireless transmission device and used for testing the transmission of vehicle speed signals.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the acceleration system includes an acceleration system rail 16 and an acceleration magnetic field coil 7 disposed on the acceleration system rail 16, two rows of protrusions are disposed on the acceleration system rail 16, the protrusions are engaged with the grooves of the test car guide wheel 1, and the test car guide wheel 1 is located between the protrusions of the two rows of acceleration system rails 16 during acceleration; the test car system is accelerated by the magnetic field generated by the accelerating magnetic field coil 7;
the transition system comprises a transition system track 11 with one end connected to one end of an acceleration system track 16, and a plurality of rows of transition system rollers 12 are arranged on the transition system track 11 to ensure that the transition system rollers slide out from the acceleration system track 16 through the transition system track 11 in a stable transition manner; the other end of the transition system track 11 is connected with a road to be tested;
the detection system comprises a temperature detector 15, a signal receiver for receiving a vehicle speed signal detected by the test vehicle main body 2 and a controller connected with the signal receiver; the controller is used for storing and processing all the detected data; drawing a sliding curve graph of the test vehicle main body 2 on the road surface to be tested according to the detected road temperature and vehicle speed; and calculating to obtain the anti-skid performance parameters of the road to be tested by utilizing the measuring principle of the conventional dynamic friction coefficient measuring instrument.
Specifically, the acceleration system track 16 adopts a self-closed annular acceleration guide rail, the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail comprises an inner guide rail and an outer guide rail, and the outer side of the inner rail and the inner side of the outer rail are respectively provided with a circle of convex tracks which are used for being matched with the grooves of the guide wheels 1 of the test vehicle; the self-sealing annular accelerating guide rail comprises an annular section and a straight section, and the annular section and the straight section are rigidly connected through a connecting block 17; the accelerating magnetic field coil 7 is arranged on the straight section of the self-closed annular accelerating guide rail; the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail is connected to an acceleration system base 6 through a connecting frame 8, and the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail also comprises an acceleration system power supply system 9 connected with an acceleration magnetic field coil 7; the lower end of the accelerating system base 6 is provided with a plurality of fixing columns 10; the transition system track 11 is arranged at the lower end of the acceleration system track 16;
the accelerating system track 16 adopts a straight accelerating guide rail, and a plurality of accelerating magnetic field coils 7 are arranged on the straight accelerating guide rail; the straight-going acceleration guide rail is used as the acceleration system rail, so that the connection structure of the transition system and the acceleration system rail can be simplified, and the connection stability is ensured.
The protruding track has one section and can stretch out and draw back, namely through retracting into the protruding track, utilizes gravity, makes the test truck pass through transition system entering test system from accelerating system.
It is specific, detecting system is still including being used for carrying out the test system track 14 that leads to the test car main part, be equipped with on the test system track 14 with the test car guide pulley 1 complex guide rail groove on the test car main part 2, be equipped with protruding piece on the guide rail groove, protruding piece is arranged in the recess of test car guide pulley 1, and the upper and lower face of protruding piece all not with the upper and lower wall contact of test car guide pulley 1 recess, guarantee that test car main part 2 is not followed the influence of gravity direction by test system track 14 in the operation process, rely on protruding piece to carry on spacingly at the horizontal migration direction to test car main part 2, guarantee that test car main part 2 can be steady motion naturally. The test system track 14 is fixedly connected through a test system connecting rod 13; the running track of the test vehicle on the test road surface is controlled by limiting the guide wheel 1 of the test vehicle, and the friction force between the guide wheel 1 of the test vehicle and the test system rail 14 is reduced as much as possible. The test system track 14 may be configured as a straight track or a self-enclosed circular track depending on the actual road conditions.
A road skid resistance performance test system comprises the following steps:
step 1), obtaining an initial set movement speed of a test vehicle main body 2 by using the test system;
step 2), carrying out sliding test on the test vehicle main body 2 with the set initial motion speed on a road surface to be tested, and obtaining a moving speed curve of the test vehicle main body 2 and a temperature value of the road to be tested; and calculating to obtain the pavement resistance index to be measured according to the sliding coefficient.
The structural principle and the using steps of the invention are further explained in the following with the attached drawings:
the test system track in the detection system is parallel to the acceleration system track 16, the test vehicle is placed in the acceleration system at the telescopic protruding track, the acceleration system power supply system 9 is started to supply power to the acceleration system coil 7, so that a strong magnetic field is generated, the magnetic field generates thrust on a permanent magnet in the test vehicle, a groove in the middle of a guide wheel 1 of the test vehicle is clamped in a convex groove on the acceleration system track 4, the test vehicle is suspended, and the test vehicle is repeatedly accelerated in a loop of the acceleration system. The speed sensor 3 outputs the speed of the test vehicle at each moment; when the test vehicle is accelerated to a set speed, the telescopic convex groove in the rail of the acceleration system retracts, the test vehicle generates a downward speed under the action of gravity, the test vehicle enters the transition system and enters the rail of the test system through the roller 12 of the transition system, the test vehicle generates sliding friction with the road surface along the rail 14 of the test system in a fixed direction in the rail of the test system, the speed of each time point is transmitted in real time, and a change curve of the speed along with time is recorded; and the temperature measuring equipment 15 is adopted to output the temperature of the road surface, and because the rolling friction of the guide wheel 1 of the test vehicle is very small and the surface of the track 14 of the test system is as smooth as possible, the test vehicle is considered to only act on the sliding friction force between the road surface and the bottom of the test vehicle, and the derivative of the speed along with time is the acceleration generated by the sliding friction force. The friction coefficient is the mass of the test carriage and the acceleration of the test carriage in the test system. Generally, data of a test vehicle in a straight road in a test system is taken as adopted data, and the criterion is that the motion direction of the test vehicle is the same as the driving direction.
Claims (9)
1. A road skid resistance performance test system is characterized by comprising a test vehicle system, an acceleration system, a transition system and a detection system;
the test car system comprises a test car main body (2) and a test car guide wheel (1) arranged on the test car main body (2), wherein the test car guide wheel (1) is connected with the outer side of the test car main body (2) through a guide wheel frame (4), the test car guide wheel (1) can rotate relative to the guide wheel frame (4), a friction layer (5) is arranged at the bottom of the test car main body (2), and a groove is formed in the test car guide wheel (1); a speed sensor (3) for sensing the real-time speed of the test car is arranged in the test car main body (2), the lowest ends of a guide wheel (1) and a guide wheel frame (4) of the test car are higher than the lowest end of the friction layer (5), and the test car main body (2) is a permanent magnet;
the accelerating system comprises an accelerating system track (16) and an accelerating magnetic field coil (7) arranged on the accelerating system track (16), two rows of bulges matched with the grooves of the test vehicle guide wheel (1) are arranged on the accelerating system track (16), and the test vehicle guide wheel (1) is positioned between the bulges of the two rows of accelerating system tracks (16) during acceleration;
the transition system comprises a transition system track (11) with one end connected with one end of the acceleration system track (16), and a plurality of rows of transition system rollers (12) are arranged on the transition system track (11); the other end of the transition system track (11) is connected with a road to be tested;
the detection system comprises a temperature detector (15), a signal receiver and a controller, wherein the signal receiver is used for receiving a vehicle speed signal detected by the test vehicle main body (2), and the controller is connected with the signal receiver; the controller is used for storing the running speed of the test vehicle main body (2) received by the signal receiver.
2. The road skid resistance test system according to claim 1, wherein the speed sensors (3) are distributed on the left and right sides of the test vehicle body (2).
3. A road skid resistance test system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said friction layer (5) is a rubber friction layer.
4. The road skid resistance test system according to claim 1, wherein the acceleration system rail (16) is a self-closed circular acceleration guide rail, the self-closed circular acceleration guide rail comprises an inner guide rail and an outer guide rail, and a circle of protruding rails for being matched with the groove of the test vehicle guide wheel (1) are respectively arranged on the outer side of the inner rail and the inner side of the outer rail.
5. A road skid resistance test system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the self-sealing circular acceleration guide rail comprises a circular section and a straight section, the circular section and the straight section are rigidly connected through a connecting block (17); the accelerating magnetic field coil (7) is arranged on the straight section of the self-closed annular accelerating guide rail; the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail is connected to an acceleration system base (6) through a connecting frame (8), and the self-closed annular acceleration guide rail also comprises an acceleration system power supply system (9) connected with an acceleration magnetic field coil (7); the lower end of the acceleration system base (6) is provided with a plurality of fixing columns (10); the projected track on the straight section is arranged on the accelerating system track (16) in a telescopic way, and the transition system track (11) is arranged at the lower end of the straight section of the accelerating system track (16).
6. A road skid resistance test system according to claim 4, wherein the acceleration system track (16) adopts a straight acceleration guide rail, and a plurality of acceleration magnetic field coils (7) are arranged on the straight acceleration guide rail.
7. The road anti-skid performance testing system according to claim 1, wherein the detection system further comprises a testing system rail (14) for guiding the testing vehicle main body, a guide rail groove matched with the testing vehicle guide wheel (1) on the testing vehicle main body (2) is arranged on the testing system rail (14), a protruding block is arranged on the guide rail groove, the protruding block is arranged in a groove of the testing vehicle guide wheel (1), and the upper surface and the lower surface of the protruding block are not in contact with the upper wall and the lower wall of the groove of the testing vehicle guide wheel (1).
8. A road skid resistance test system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the test system rail (14) is fixedly connected by the test system connection bar (13).
9. A road skid resistance performance test method based on the road skid resistance performance test system of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step 1), obtaining an initial set movement speed of a test vehicle main body (2);
step 2), performing sliding test on the test vehicle main body (2) with the set initial motion speed on a road surface to be tested to obtain a moving speed curve of the test vehicle main body (2) and a temperature value of the road to be tested; and calculating to obtain the pavement resistance index to be measured according to the sliding coefficient.
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| CN113418861B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-04-15 | 东南大学 | Device and method for indoor research on decay law of skid resistance of pavement material |
| CN114006967B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-11-28 | 上海晨兴希姆通电子科技有限公司 | Mobile phone testing equipment and testing method thereof |
| CN114324144B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-08-29 | 同济大学 | Road surface self-driven skid resistance detection device and method based on paper folding-friction nano power generation technology |
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