CN117627739A - Kalina circulating energy storage system and energy storage method utilizing stacked beds - Google Patents
Kalina circulating energy storage system and energy storage method utilizing stacked beds Download PDFInfo
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
The invention provides a kalina circulating energy storage system and an energy storage method by using a stacked bed. The power generation subsystem comprises a pump body, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a gas expander, a liquid expander and a mixer. According to the invention, by combining the kalina circulating system, the vortex tube and the stacking bed, surplus electric energy can be converted into heat energy and cold energy and stored respectively, and the heat energy and the cold energy are converted into electric energy to generate electricity outwards through thermodynamic cycle when needed, so that the integration of heat storage/cold and heat exchange/cold is realized, the energy consumption can be reduced, the heat storage and exchange efficiency is improved, the structure is compact, the maintenance is convenient, the electric energy storage requirements of different scales on a source side, a net side and a load side can be met, and the operation cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a kalina cycle energy storage system and an energy storage method using a stacked bed.
Background
Under the 'double carbon' target, the installed scale of new energy power generation such as wind power photovoltaic in China is rapidly increased. The wind-electricity photovoltaic output has the defects of volatility and intermittence, and the energy storage is matched to stabilize the fluctuation, so that the power supply quality is improved. In addition, on the power grid side and the user side, the energy storage can play an important role in regulation and economic value. Pumped storage is the largest energy storage mode of the current installation gauge, but the development faces geographical condition limitation, and the gap of energy storage requirement cannot be filled effectively. The energy storage mode based on thermodynamic principle can realize large-scale long-time energy storage, for example, compressed air energy storage can achieve hundred megawatts at present, but a large space is needed for storing gas working media, and the defects of more system equipment, high initial investment, large occupied area, complex operation control and the like exist. The heat pump energy storage is another effective thermodynamic energy storage technology, high-temperature heat storage is generally adopted, the heat storage material is commonly used with molten salt, the operation risk is high, and in order to ensure that the molten salt is in a liquid state and is not solidified, a large amount of heat tracing is needed, so that the energy consumption is increased. Therefore, a novel energy storage system and an energy storage method are needed to be provided, so that energy consumption can be reduced, a large space is not needed to store gas working media, and the occupied area is small.
The Kalina (Kalina) cycle is a medium-low temperature closed thermodynamic cycle, adopts ammonia water as a cycle working medium, and utilizes a heat source and a cold source to generate electricity. The vortex tube is a component capable of separating compressed gas into high-temperature air flow and low-temperature air flow, does not contain moving parts, and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation and the like. The stacking bed is integrated equipment for storing and exchanging heat, has two functions of heat storage and heat exchange, and has compact structure and high heat exchange efficiency; the heat storage materials are piled in the heat storage materials, pores formed by piling are formed among the materials, the fluid can exchange heat (absorb heat or release heat) with the heat storage materials when flowing through the pores, and the heat storage materials store heat or cold by utilizing the heat capacity of the heat storage materials. In the prior art, an energy storage system and an energy storage method combining a kalina circulating system, a vortex tube and a stacking bed do not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The kalina cycle energy storage system and the energy storage method utilizing the stacked beds can reduce energy consumption, improve heat storage and exchange efficiency, occupy small area, are convenient to maintain, and can meet the electric energy storage requirements of different scales on source, network and load sides.
An embodiment of an aspect of the present invention provides a kalina cycle energy storage system using a stacked bed, including: the heat storage subsystem comprises a compressor, a vortex tube and a pile-up bed, the compressor is provided with a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet, the vortex tube is provided with an inlet, a hot gas outlet and a cold gas outlet, and the inlet of the vortex tube is connected with the working medium outlet of the compressor; the stacking bed comprises a heat storage bed and a cold storage bed which are mutually insulated, the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed are filled with energy storage materials, the heat storage bed is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet and a third inlet and a fourth inlet, the cold storage bed is provided with a third inlet and a fourth inlet, the first inlet and the third inlet of the heat storage bed are connected with a hot gas outlet of the vortex tube, and the third inlet and the third outlet of the cold storage bed are connected with a cold gas outlet of the vortex tube.
The power generation subsystem comprises a pump body, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a gas expander, a liquid expander and a mixer, wherein the cold storage bed, the cold side of the first heat exchanger, the cold side of the second heat exchanger, the heat storage bed and the gas-liquid separator are sequentially connected through pipelines, the gas-liquid separator is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the mixer is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected with the hot side of the second heat exchanger, the gas expander and the first inlet of the mixer through pipelines, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected with the second inlet of the liquid expander and the mixer through pipelines, and the outlet of the mixer is sequentially connected with the hot side of the first heat exchanger and the cold storage bed through pipelines.
According to the invention, by combining the kalina circulating system, the vortex tube and the stacking bed, surplus electric energy can be converted into heat energy and cold energy and stored respectively, and the heat energy and the cold energy are converted into electric energy to generate electricity outwards through thermodynamic cycle when needed, so that the integration of heat storage/cold and heat exchange/cold is realized, the energy consumption can be reduced, the heat storage and exchange efficiency is improved, the structure is compact, the occupied area is small, the maintenance is convenient, the electric energy storage requirements of different scales on a source, a net and a load side can be met, the operation cost is low, and the reliability is high.
The pump body is connected between the cold storage bed and the cold side of the first heat exchanger, so that the ammonia water before entering the cold side of the first heat exchanger in the system is pressurized to form high-pressure ammonia water, and then the high-pressure ammonia water circulates in the system to complete the conversion process of electricity, heat, cold and electricity.
In some embodiments, the energy storage material is a spherical solid or a phase change capsule, wherein the shell of the phase change capsule is a solid, and the interior of the phase change capsule is filled with a solid-liquid phase change material. So as to ensure that the accumulated energy storage material has enough porosity to enable the gas to pass smoothly.
In some embodiments, the packed bed is a split structure, and the heat storage bed and the cool storage bed are provided independently of each other. A structure form of a stacked bed is provided, which prevents heat transfer between a heat storage bed and a cold storage bed.
In some embodiments, the stacking bed is of an integrated structure, and a heat insulation device is connected between the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed. Another form of stacked bed structure is provided to prevent heat transfer between the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed.
In some embodiments, the thermal insulation device is a thermal insulation panel, and the thermal insulation panel is made of a thermal insulation material.
In some embodiments, the first and second inlets and outlets of the heat storage bed are located on opposite sides of the heat storage bed, respectively, and the third and fourth inlets and outlets of the cooling bed are located on opposite sides of the cooling bed, respectively. The flow path of the working medium in the stacking bed can be prolonged, so that the working medium can exchange heat fully in the stacking bed.
In some embodiments, the liquid expander is replaced with a throttle valve. The aim of reducing the pressure and the temperature of the working medium can also be realized.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kalina cycle energy storage method using a stacked bed, and the kalina cycle energy storage system includes the following modes:
energy storage mode: the compressor consumes electric energy to compress the gas working medium into high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters the vortex tube to obtain high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas enters the heat storage bed to finish the heat storage process, the low-temperature gas enters the cold storage bed to finish the cold storage process, and the gas subjected to heat exchange is discharged from the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed respectively.
Power generation mode: ammonia water is used as working medium, pressurized low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water sequentially enters the cold side of a first heat exchanger and the cold side of a second heat exchanger to perform two-stage preheating, then enters a heat storage bed to perform heat exchange, the temperature of the heat storage bed is reduced, the gas-liquid mixture enters a gas-liquid separator to be separated into ammonia-rich vapor and saturated water-rich solution, wherein the ammonia-rich vapor enters a gas expander to do work outwards, the saturated water-rich solution enters the hot side of the second heat exchanger to be used for preheating the high-pressure ammonia water, the saturated water-rich solution cooled after heat exchange of the second heat exchanger enters a liquid expander to perform cooling and depressurization, and the liquid expander performs work outwards; the method comprises the steps of mixing a water-rich solution subjected to temperature reduction and depressurization with exhaust gas discharged by a gas expander in a mixer to obtain low-pressure ammonia water with certain concentration and gas phase, enabling the low-pressure ammonia water with gas phase to enter the hot side of a first heat exchanger and be used for preheating low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water, enabling the low-pressure ammonia water subjected to temperature reduction after heat exchange by the first heat exchanger to still have certain gas phase, enabling the low-pressure ammonia water subjected to temperature reduction to enter a cold storage bed and then enabling the temperature of the low-pressure ammonia water to be further reduced to obtain pure liquid low-pressure ammonia water, enabling the temperature of the cold storage bed to be increased, enabling the pure liquid low-pressure ammonia water to be pressurized to obtain high-pressure ammonia water, enabling the pressurized low-pressure ammonia water to sequentially enter the cold side of the first heat exchanger and the cold side of a second heat exchanger to be preheated in two stages, and enabling the low-pressure ammonia water to be switched to an energy storage mode at any time according to actual demands of users.
The invention can realize electric energy storage through the conversion process of electricity-heat/cold-electricity, can be used for stabilizing new energy output fluctuation at the power supply side, improving the power supply quality, can be used for auxiliary service of an electric power system at the power grid side, can be used for constructing distributed photovoltaic and micro-grid at the user side, and can reduce the electricity cost and the like. Under the background of 'double carbon' in China, along with the increasing of the electric power ratio of new energy, the energy storage technology with low cost, compactness and reliable operation is increasingly in need, and the invention has wide application prospect.
In some embodiments, the gaseous working fluid comprises air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, or helium.
In some embodiments, the means for working the gas expander and the liquid expander externally comprises driving a generator to generate electricity and/or powering a power consuming element.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings,
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage subsystem of a kalina cycle energy storage system utilizing a packed bed in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power generation subsystem of a kalina cycle energy storage system utilizing a packed bed in an embodiment of the invention;
reference numerals:
1-a compressor; 2-vortex tube; 3-a heat storage bed; 4-a cold storage bed; 5-a pump body; 6-a first heat exchanger; 7-a second heat exchanger; 8-a gas-liquid separator; 9-a gas expander; 10-a mixer; 11-a liquid expander.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes a kalina cycle energy storage system and an energy storage method using a packed bed according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kalina cycle energy storage system using a stacked bed, including: the heat storage subsystem comprises a compressor 1, a vortex tube 2 and a pile-up bed, wherein the compressor 1 is provided with a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet, the vortex tube 2 is provided with an inlet, a hot gas outlet and a cold gas outlet, and the inlet of the vortex tube 2 is connected with the working medium outlet of the compressor 1; the stacking bed comprises a heat storage bed 3 and a cold storage bed 4 which are mutually insulated, the heat storage bed 3 and the cold storage bed 4 are filled with energy storage materials, the heat storage bed 3 is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet and a third inlet and a fourth inlet, the cold storage bed 4 is provided with a third inlet and a fourth inlet, the first inlet and the third outlet of the heat storage bed 3 are connected with a hot gas outlet of the vortex tube 2, and the third inlet and the third outlet of the cold storage bed 4 are connected with a cold gas outlet of the vortex tube 2.
The power generation subsystem comprises a pump body 5, a first heat exchanger 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a gas-liquid separator 8, a gas expander 9, a liquid expander 11 and a mixer 10, wherein the cold storage bed 4, the cold side of the first heat exchanger 6, the cold side of the second heat exchanger 7, the heat storage bed 3 and the gas-liquid separator 8 are sequentially connected through pipelines, the gas-liquid separator 8 is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the mixer 10 is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is sequentially connected with the gas expander 9 and the first inlet of the mixer 10 through pipelines, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is sequentially connected with the hot side of the second heat exchanger 7, the liquid expander 11 and the second inlet of the mixer 10 through pipelines, the outlet of the mixer 10 is sequentially connected with the hot side of the first heat exchanger 6, the cold storage bed 4 through pipelines, and the pump body 5 is connected to a connecting pipeline between the cold storage bed 4 and the cold side of the first heat exchanger 6.
According to the invention, by combining the kalina circulating system, the vortex tube 2 and the stacking bed, surplus electric energy can be converted into heat energy and cold energy and stored respectively, and the heat energy and the cold energy are converted into electric energy through thermodynamic cycle to generate electricity outwards when needed, so that the integration of heat storage/cold and heat exchange/cold is realized, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the heat storage and exchange efficiency is improved.
According to the invention, the pump body 5 is connected between the cold storage bed 4 and the cold side of the first heat exchanger 6, so that ammonia water before entering the cold side of the first heat exchanger 6 in the system can be pressurized to form high-pressure ammonia water, and then the high-pressure ammonia water circulates in the system to complete the conversion process of electricity-heat/cold-electricity.
Specifically, the invention adopts the vortex tube 2 and compressed gas to generate heat energy and cold energy, adopts a stacked bed to store heat/cool and exchange heat/cool, and adopts a kalina circulating system to match the heat storage temperature and the cold storage temperature so as to utilize the heat energy and the cold energy to generate electricity with high efficiency. In other words, during the energy storage process, the system consumes electrical energy, converts the electrical energy into thermal energy and cold energy, and is stored by the packed bed; in the power generation process, the system converts heat energy and cold energy stored in the stacking bed into electric energy by using a kalina circulating system. The vortex tube 2 does not contain moving parts and has the characteristics of small volume and high reliability; the stacking bed has the advantage of integrating heat storage and heat exchange, saves part of heat exchangers, and ensures that the system is more compact and reliable.
Further, the energy storage subsystem and the power generation subsystem are respectively connected with the accumulation bed through connecting pipelines, and a control valve is arranged for switching the energy storage mode and the power generation mode.
Further, the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 are each a partition wall type heat exchanger having a hot side and a cold side, respectively. The hot side of the first heat exchanger 6 is filled with low-pressure ammonia water, and the cold side is filled with high-pressure ammonia water. The hot side of the second heat exchanger 7 is filled with saturated water-rich solution, and the cold side is filled with ammonia water to be preheated.
After the energy storage mode and the power generation mode are switched, the actions of the first inlet and the second inlet of the heat storage bed 3 can be the same or can be converted, and the actions of the third inlet and the fourth inlet of the cold storage bed 4 can be the same or can be converted. I.e. the inlet and outlet may be used as inlet or outlet. When the first inlet and the second inlet of the heat storage bed 3 are inlets, the second inlet and the second outlet are outlets, and when the second inlet and the second outlet are inlets, the first inlet and the second outlet are outlets; when the third inlet and outlet of the cooling storage bed 4 are inlets, the fourth inlet and outlet are outlets, and when the fourth inlet and outlet are inlets, the third inlet and outlet are outlets.
In the embodiment, in the energy storage mode, the first inlet and the second inlet of the heat storage bed 3 are inlets, the second inlet and the second outlet of the heat storage bed 4 are outlets, the third inlet and the fourth inlet of the heat storage bed 4 are inlets; in the power generation mode, the first inlet and the second inlet of the heat storage bed 3 are outlets, the second inlet and the third inlet of the cold storage bed 4 are inlets, and the fourth inlet are inlets.
Further, the third inlet and outlet of the cold storage bed 4 are connected with the cold side inlet of the first heat exchanger 6 through a pipeline, the cold side outlet of the first heat exchanger 6 is connected with the cold side inlet of the second heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline, the cold side outlet of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected with the second inlet and outlet of the heat storage bed 3 through a pipeline, the first inlet and outlet of the heat storage bed 3 is connected with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 through a pipeline, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected with the inlet of the gas expander 9 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected with the hot side inlet of the second heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline, the hot side outlet of the second heat exchanger 7 is connected with the inlet of the liquid expander 11 through a pipeline, the outlet of the gas expander 9 is connected with the first inlet of the mixer 10 through a pipeline, the outlet of the mixer 10 is connected with the hot side inlet of the first heat exchanger 6 through a pipeline, and the hot side outlet of the first heat exchanger 6 is connected with the fourth inlet and outlet of the cold storage bed 4 through a pipeline.
In some embodiments, the energy storage material is a spherical solid, a spheroid-like solid, or a phase change capsule to ensure that the energy storage material has sufficient porosity after stacking to allow smooth passage of gas. Wherein the shell of the phase-change capsule is solid, and the solid-liquid phase-change material is filled in the phase-change capsule.
In some embodiments, the packed bed is a split structure, and the heat storage bed 3 and the cool storage bed 4 are provided independently of each other. A structure of a packed bed is provided to prevent heat transfer between a heat storage bed 3 and a cooling storage bed 4.
In some alternative embodiments, the stacked beds are of unitary construction, with insulation means connected between the heat storage bed 3 and the cool storage bed 4. Another form of packed bed structure is provided to prevent heat transfer between the heat storage bed 3 and the cold storage bed 4.
Further, the heat insulation device is a heat insulation board, and the heat insulation board is made of heat insulation materials.
In some embodiments, the first and second inlets and outlets of the heat storage bed 3 are located on opposite sides of the heat storage bed 3, respectively, and the third and fourth inlets and outlets of the cooling bed 4 are located on opposite sides of the cooling bed 4, respectively. The flow path of the working medium in the stacking bed can be prolonged, so that the working medium can exchange heat fully in the stacking bed.
In some alternative embodiments, the liquid expander 11 is replaced with a throttle valve. The aim of reducing the pressure and the temperature of the working medium can also be realized.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kalina cycle energy storage method using a stacked bed, and the kalina cycle energy storage system includes the following modes:
energy storage mode: the compressor 1 is driven by a motor, consumes electric energy to compress a gas working medium into high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters the vortex tube 2 to rotate at a high speed, and is separated into two gas flows with different temperatures after vortex conversion, namely high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas, the gas flow at the outer layer is high-temperature gas, the temperature of the gas flow is higher than the inlet temperature, the gas flow at the central layer is low-temperature gas, and the temperature of the gas flow is lower than the inlet temperature. The initial stage of the energy storage material is ambient temperature. The high-temperature gas enters the heat storage bed 3, the energy storage material in the heat storage bed 3 is heated, the heat storage process is finished, the low-temperature gas enters the cold storage bed 4, the low-temperature gas absorbs the heat of the energy storage material in the cold storage bed 4, the cold storage process is finished, and the gas subjected to heat exchange is discharged from the heat storage bed 3 and the cold storage bed 4 respectively.
Power generation mode: ammonia water is used as working medium, pressurized low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water sequentially enters the cold side of a first heat exchanger 6 and the cold side of a second heat exchanger 7 to be preheated in two stages, then enters a heat storage bed 3 to exchange heat, the high-pressure ammonia water is heated and is partially vaporized to obtain a gas-liquid mixture, the temperature of the heat storage bed 3 is reduced, the gas-liquid mixture enters a gas-liquid separator 8 to be separated into ammonia-rich vapor and saturated water-rich solution, wherein the ammonia-rich vapor enters a gas expander 9, the gas expander 9 performs work outwards, the saturated water-rich solution enters the hot side of the second heat exchanger 7 to be used for preheating the high-pressure ammonia water, the saturated water-rich solution cooled after heat exchange of the second heat exchanger 7 enters a liquid expander 11 to be cooled and depressurized, and the liquid expander 11 performs work outwards; the cooled and depressurized rich aqueous solution is mixed with exhaust gas discharged from a gas expander 9 in a mixer 10 to obtain low-pressure ammonia water with certain concentration and gas phase, the low-pressure ammonia water with gas phase enters the hot side of the first heat exchanger 6 and is used for preheating low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water entering the cold side of the first heat exchanger 6, the cooled low-pressure ammonia water still has certain gas phase after heat exchange by the first heat exchanger 6, the temperature of the cooled low-pressure ammonia water enters the cold storage bed 4 for heat exchange, the temperature of the low-pressure ammonia water is further reduced to obtain pure liquid low-pressure ammonia water, the temperature of the cold storage bed 4 is increased, the high-pressure ammonia water is obtained after the pure liquid low-pressure ammonia water is pressurized, and the pressurized low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water sequentially enters the cold side of the first heat exchanger 6 and the cold side of the second heat exchanger 7 for two-stage preheating, so that a thermodynamic cycle is completed. After multiple times of circulation, the energy storage mode can be switched to at any time according to the actual demands of users, and the accumulation bed is subjected to energy storage again.
The invention can realize electric energy storage through the conversion process of electricity-heat/cold-electricity, can be used for stabilizing new energy output fluctuation at the power supply side, improving the power supply quality, can be used for auxiliary service of an electric power system at the power grid side, can be used for constructing distributed photovoltaic and micro-grid at the user side, and can reduce the electricity cost and the like. Under the background of 'double carbon' in China, along with the increasing of the electric power ratio of new energy, the energy storage technology with low cost, compactness and reliable operation is increasingly in need, and the invention has wide application prospect.
The ammonia water always flows in the kalina circulation system, and after the ammonia water circulates for a certain time, the ammonia water needs to be supplemented into the system, and the injection position of the ammonia water can be the position between the pump body 5 and the cooling storage bed 4.
Further, in the energy storage mode, in the vortex tube 2, the high-pressure gas is firstly depressurized and accelerated through the inlet nozzle, and then enters the vortex chamber along the tangential line to form a high-speed vortex; the temperature of the outer-layer gas of the vortex is increased, the temperature of the inner-layer gas is reduced, and thus cold and hot two air flows are formed and respectively flow out of the hot air outlet and the cold air outlet.
In some embodiments, the gaseous working fluid comprises air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, or helium.
In some embodiments, the way in which the gas expander 9 and the liquid expander 11 do work outwards includes driving a generator to generate electricity and/or powering energy-consuming elements such as the pump body 5.
Further, according to actual requirements, control valves are respectively arranged at proper positions in part of connecting pipelines of the system to control on-off or flow of the pipelines, and details are omitted here.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Utilize kalina circulating energy storage system of piling up bed, its characterized in that includes:
the heat storage subsystem comprises a compressor, a vortex tube and a pile-up bed, wherein the compressor is provided with a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet, the vortex tube is provided with an inlet, a hot gas outlet and a cold gas outlet, and the inlet of the vortex tube is connected with the working medium outlet of the compressor; the stacking bed comprises a heat storage bed and a cold storage bed which are mutually insulated, wherein energy storage materials are filled in the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed, the heat storage bed is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet and a third inlet and a fourth inlet, the first inlet and the third inlet of the heat storage bed are connected with a hot gas outlet of the vortex tube, and the third inlet and the third outlet of the cold storage bed are connected with a cold gas outlet of the vortex tube;
the power generation subsystem comprises a pump body, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a gas expander, a liquid expander and a mixer, wherein the cold side of the first heat exchanger, the cold side of the second heat exchanger, the heat storage bed and the gas-liquid separator are sequentially connected through pipelines, the gas-liquid separator is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet, the mixer is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet and an outlet, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected with the first inlet of the gas expander through pipelines, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator is sequentially connected with the hot side of the second heat exchanger, the second inlet of the mixer is sequentially connected with the hot side of the first heat exchanger through pipelines, and the pump body is connected to a connecting pipeline between the heat storage bed and the cold side of the first heat exchanger.
2. The kalina cycle energy storage system utilizing a packed bed according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage material is a spherical solid or a phase change capsule, wherein the shell of the phase change capsule is a solid, and the interior of the phase change capsule is filled with a solid-liquid phase change material.
3. The kalina circulating energy storage system utilizing a stacked bed according to claim 1, wherein the stacked bed is of a split type structure, and the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed are provided independently of each other.
4. The kalina circulating energy storage system utilizing a stacked bed according to claim 1, wherein the stacked bed is of an integrated structure, and a heat insulation device is connected between the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed.
5. The kalina circulating energy storage system utilizing a packed bed according to claim 4, wherein the heat insulating device is a heat insulating plate, and the heat insulating plate is made of heat insulating material.
6. The kalina circulating energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first inlet and the second inlet of the heat storage bed are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the heat storage bed, and the third inlet and the fourth inlet of the cold storage bed are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the cold storage bed.
7. The kalina cycle energy storage system utilizing a packed bed according to claim 1, wherein the liquid expander is replaced with a throttle valve.
8. A kalina cycle energy storage method using a packed bed, characterized in that the kalina cycle energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, comprising the following modes:
energy storage mode: the compressor consumes electric energy to compress a gas working medium into high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas enters the vortex tube to obtain high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas enters the heat storage bed to finish the heat storage process, the low-temperature gas enters the cold storage bed to finish the cold storage process, and the gas subjected to heat exchange is discharged from the heat storage bed and the cold storage bed respectively;
power generation mode: ammonia water is used as working medium, pressurized low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water sequentially enters the cold side of a first heat exchanger and the cold side of a second heat exchanger to perform two-stage preheating, then enters the heat storage bed to perform heat exchange, the temperature of the high-pressure ammonia water is increased to obtain a gas-liquid mixture, the temperature of the heat storage bed is reduced, the gas-liquid mixture enters a gas-liquid separator to be separated into ammonia-rich vapor and saturated water-rich solution, wherein the ammonia-rich vapor enters a gas expander to do work outwards, the saturated water-rich solution enters the hot side of the second heat exchanger to be used for preheating the high-pressure ammonia water, the saturated water-rich solution cooled after heat exchange of the second heat exchanger enters a liquid expander to perform cooling and depressurization, and the liquid expander does work outwards; the method comprises the steps that a water-rich solution subjected to temperature reduction and depressurization is mixed with exhaust gas discharged from a gas expander in a mixer to obtain low-pressure ammonia water with certain concentration and gas phase, the low-pressure ammonia water with gas phase enters the hot side of a first heat exchanger and is used for preheating low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water, the low-pressure ammonia water subjected to heat exchange by the first heat exchanger still has certain gas phase, the temperature of the low-pressure ammonia water subjected to temperature reduction enters a cold storage bed for heat exchange, the temperature of the low-pressure ammonia water is further reduced to obtain pure liquid low-pressure ammonia water, the temperature of the cold storage bed is increased, the high-pressure ammonia water is obtained after the pure liquid low-pressure ammonia water is pressurized, and the pressurized low-temperature high-pressure ammonia water sequentially enters the cold side of the first heat exchanger and the cold side of a second heat exchanger for two-stage preheating, so that circulation is realized, and the low-pressure ammonia water is switched into an energy storage mode at any time according to actual demands of users.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the gaseous medium comprises air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon or helium.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the means for externally acting the gas expander and the liquid expander comprises driving a generator to generate electricity and/or powering a power consuming element.
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