CN220769561U - Liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier - Google Patents
Liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier Download PDFInfo
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- CN220769561U CN220769561U CN202322516143.5U CN202322516143U CN220769561U CN 220769561 U CN220769561 U CN 220769561U CN 202322516143 U CN202322516143 U CN 202322516143U CN 220769561 U CN220769561 U CN 220769561U
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 324
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title description 25
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, and provides a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed type cold storage liquefier, which comprises a carbon dioxide storage unit, an energy storage unit, a power generation unit and a cold storage liquefying unit, wherein the carbon dioxide storage unit comprises a low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, and the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank are connected through an energy storage pipeline and an energy release pipeline to form a closed circulation loop; the energy storage unit is used for compressing and storing the carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline and leading the compressed and stored carbon dioxide to the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank; the power generation unit is used for generating power by using energy released by the carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline; the cold storage liquefying unit comprises a cold storage liquefier, and the cold storage liquefier is used for absorbing heat of carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline and releasing heat of carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline. The heat exchange efficiency of the system is improved, the energy storage density is improved to the greatest extent, the occupied area is reduced, and the system cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed type cold storage liquefier.
Background
Along with the shortage of energy and the increasing serious environmental pollution, various related measures of energy conservation and emission reduction are put forward in various countries in the world, and the powerful development of renewable energy sources has become an important means for solving the problems of energy safety and environmental pollution. In recent years, wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and the like using renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like as driving forces are rapidly developed, and the application of traditional fossil energy sources is reduced to a certain extent. However, renewable energy power generation has obvious fluctuation, periodicity, uncertainty and other adverse factors, and large-scale grid connection of the renewable energy power generation has a great number of challenges. Therefore, developing a large-scale efficient energy storage system has become an important consensus in the academia and society.
The main energy storage technology at present is pumped storage, battery storage and compressed air storageAnd the like, but pumped storage depends on a geographic environment, and is difficult to popularize and apply on a large scale. The battery has short energy storage life and small capacity, is difficult to meet the requirement of large-scale long-term energy storage, has potential safety hazards and can cause adverse effects on the environment. Compressed air energy storage faces the challenges of low energy storage density and large compression heat loss. The liquid air energy storage system for further liquefying and storing the compressed air has the problems of difficult liquefying and coldThe loss is large. Therefore, the method has great significance in actively developing novel energy storage technology or upgrading and reforming the existing system.
However, currently, most of the main carbon dioxide energy storage systems store in a gaseous state and a high-pressure liquid state or a supercritical state, and particularly, low-pressure working media before compression are generally directly stored in a gaseous state, so that the occupied area is large and the energy storage density is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier, which is used for solving the defect that the energy density is limited by the working medium storage form of the carbon dioxide energy storage technology in the prior art, and realizing the improvement of the heat exchange efficiency of the system, simultaneously improving the energy storage density to the maximum extent, reducing the occupied area and lowering the system cost.
The utility model provides a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier, which comprises the following components:
the carbon dioxide storage unit comprises a low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, and the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank are connected through an energy storage pipeline and an energy release pipeline to form a closed circulation loop;
the energy storage unit is arranged in the energy storage pipeline and is used for compressing and storing the carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline and leading the compressed and stored carbon dioxide to the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank;
the power generation unit is arranged in the energy release pipeline and is used for generating power by energy released by carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline;
the cold storage liquefying unit comprises a cold storage liquefier, the cold storage liquefier is communicated between the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the energy storage unit and between the energy generation unit, and the cold storage liquefier is used for absorbing heat of carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline and releasing heat of carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier, the cold storage liquefier is provided with a cold storage cavity, the cold storage liquefying unit further comprises microcapsules and a plurality of groups of disturbance components, the microcapsules are filled in the cold storage cavity, phase change materials are packaged in the microcapsules, the plurality of groups of disturbance components Zhou Sheyu are arranged in the cold storage cavity, and the disturbance components are used for disturbing the microcapsules in the cold storage cavity.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier, the cold accumulation liquefier is provided with the first opening and the second opening which are communicated with the cold accumulation cavity, and the first opening and the second opening are respectively provided with a nozzle, and the nozzles are used for being arranged towards the cold accumulation cavity in a spraying mode.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier, the cold storage liquefier comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, the inner shell is arranged in the outer shell, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell at intervals, and the cold storage cavity is arranged in the inner shell.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier, the cold accumulation liquefying unit further comprises a first gas-liquid separator and a second gas-liquid separator, and the first gas-liquid separator is connected between the first opening, the second opening and the energy storage unit; the second gas-liquid separator is connected between the first opening, the second opening and the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier, the disturbance component comprises a disturbance plate and a mechanical shaking device, the mechanical shaking device is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cold accumulation cavity, one end of the disturbance plate is connected to the output end of the mechanical shaking device, the other end of the disturbance plate extends towards the center of the cold accumulation cavity, and the mechanical shaking device is used for driving the disturbance plate to disturb the microcapsules.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier, the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier further comprises a heat storage unit, the heat storage unit is connected between the energy storage unit and the power generation unit, and the heat storage unit is used for carrying out cold and hot circulation between the energy storage unit and the power generation unit.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier, the heat storage unit comprises a cold storage tank, a heat storage tank and a heat conducting medium, the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank are communicated with the energy storage unit and the power generation unit through pipelines to form a heat exchange circulation loop, the heat conducting medium is arranged in the heat exchange circulation loop, and the heat conducting medium is used for absorbing and storing compression heat energy in the energy storage unit in the heat storage tank so as to be used for heating carbon dioxide in the power generation unit and then storing the compression heat energy in the cold storage tank so as to be used for absorbing the compression heat energy by the energy storage unit.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier, the energy storage unit comprises a motor, a compressor and an intercooler, the compressor and the intercooler are sequentially connected between the cold storage liquefier and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, the motor is used for driving the compressor to compress carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline, and the intercooler is used for absorbing heat of the compressed carbon dioxide.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier, the power generation unit comprises a generator, an expander and a heater, the heater and the expander are sequentially connected between the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the cold accumulation liquefier, the heater is used for heating carbon dioxide introduced into the expander, and the expander is used for driving the generator connected with the expander to generate power.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier, carbon dioxide is used as an energy storage working medium, the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank are connected through the energy storage pipeline and the energy release pipeline to form a closed circulation loop, wherein the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank store the carbon dioxide working medium before compression and after compression respectively, so that the energy storage density is improved to the maximum extent, the occupied area is reduced, the system cost is reduced, meanwhile, the energy storage unit is driven by low-valley electricity or abandoned electricity to realize energy storage, electric energy is converted into heat energy and potential energy, and in the electricity utilization peak period, the high-pressure stored carbon dioxide is introduced into the power generation unit to generate electricity, so that the heat energy and the potential energy are converted into electric energy, the electric network can be balanced effectively, and the running stability of the electric network is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the connection of a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier provided by the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a compression process of a cold storage liquefaction unit in a packed bed cold storage liquefier-based liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system according to the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is an expansion process diagram of a cold storage liquefaction unit in a packed bed cold storage liquefier-based liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the cold storage liquefier provided by the present utility model.
Reference numerals:
10. a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier;
100. a carbon dioxide storage unit; 110. a low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank; 120. a high pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank; 130. an energy storage pipeline; 140. an energy release pipeline;
200. an energy storage unit; 210. a motor; 220. a compressor; 230. an intercooler;
300. a power generation unit; 310. a generator; 320. an expander; 330. a heater;
400. a cold storage liquefaction unit; 410. a cold storage liquefier; 411. a first opening; 412. a second opening; 413. a microcapsule; 414. a nozzle; 415. an outer housing; 416. an inner housing; 416a, a cold accumulation chamber; 417. a heat insulating layer; 418. a disturbance plate; 419. a mechanical shaking device; 420. a first gas-liquid separator; 430. a second gas-liquid separator; 440. a throttle valve; 450. a first liquid pump; 460. a second liquid pump; 470a, a first switching valve; 470b, a second switching valve; 470c, a third switching valve; 470d, fourth switching valve;
500. a heat storage unit; 510. a cold accumulation tank; 520. a heat storage tank.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In describing embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present utility model will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The utility model provides a liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed type cold accumulation liquefier.
In the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system 10 based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier 410 includes a carbon dioxide storage unit 100, an energy storage unit 200, a power generation unit 300 and a cold storage liquefying unit 400, the carbon dioxide storage unit 100 includes a low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 and a high pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120, and the low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 and the high pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120 are connected through an energy storage pipeline 130 and an energy release pipeline 140 to form a closed circulation loop; the energy storage unit 200 is disposed in the energy storage pipeline 130, and the energy storage unit 200 is used for compressing and storing the carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline 130 and leading the compressed carbon dioxide to the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120; the power generation unit 300 is arranged in the energy release pipeline 140, and the power generation unit 300 is used for generating power by energy released by carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline 140; the cold storage liquefaction unit 400 includes a cold storage liquefier 410, the cold storage liquefier 410 is communicated between the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 and the energy storage unit 200 and the power generation unit 300, and the cold storage liquefier 410 is used for absorbing heat from carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline 140 and releasing heat from carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline 130.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system 10 based on the packed bed cold storage liquefier 410 includes a carbon dioxide storage unit 100, an energy storage unit 200, a power generation unit 300 and a cold storage liquefying unit 400, wherein the low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 is used for storing carbon dioxide in a low pressure liquid form, and the high pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120 is used for storing carbon dioxide in a high pressure liquid form. The two tanks are connected by the energy storage line 130 and the energy release line 140 to form a closed circulation loop. The carbon dioxide in different states is stored between the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120 when needed, so that the conversion between electric energy and potential energy or between heat energy is convenient, the conversion between energy is convenient, and the energy storage density is improved to the maximum extent. The energy storage unit 200 is disposed in the energy storage line 130, and is used for compressing the carbon dioxide in the energy storage line 130 and storing energy. The compressed carbon dioxide is sent to a high pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120 for later use. The power generation unit 300 is located in the energy release pipeline 140, and generates power by using energy carried by carbon dioxide released in the energy release pipeline 140. The energy stored in the carbon dioxide is converted into electric energy, so that the power grid is effectively balanced, and the running stability of the power grid is improved. The cold storage liquefaction unit 400 includes a cold storage liquefier 410 connected between the low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110, the energy storage unit 200, and the power generation unit 300. The cold accumulation liquefier 410 is used for absorbing and gasifying cold energy released by liquid carbon dioxide entering the cold accumulation liquefier 410 in the energy storage process, and the phase change material of the cold accumulation liquefier 410 absorbs the cold energy and solidifies and releases heat; the gaseous carbon dioxide entering the cold storage liquefier 410 during the energy release process liquefies by releasing heat, so that the phase change material inside absorbs heat to melt. To enable transfer and storage of energy for use when needed.
According to the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system 10 based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier 410, carbon dioxide is used as an energy storage working medium, the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120 are connected through the energy storage pipeline 130 and the energy release pipeline 140 to form a closed circulation loop, wherein the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120 store the carbon dioxide working medium before compression and after compression respectively, so that the energy storage density is improved to the maximum extent, the occupied area is reduced, the system cost is reduced, meanwhile, the energy storage unit 200 is driven by low-valley electricity or abandoned electricity to realize energy storage, electric energy is converted into heat energy and potential energy, and during the electricity utilization peak period, the high-pressure stored carbon dioxide is introduced into the power generation unit 300 to generate electricity, so that the heat energy and the potential energy are converted into electric energy, the electric network can be balanced effectively, and the running stability of the electric network is improved.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in some embodiments, cold storage liquefier 410 has a cold storage chamber 416a, cold storage liquefaction unit 400 further includes a microcapsule 413 and a plurality of sets of perturbation components, microcapsule 413 is filled in cold storage chamber 416a, phase change material is encapsulated in microcapsule 413, and plurality of sets of perturbation components Zhou Sheyu are in cold storage chamber 416a, and perturbation components are used to perturb microcapsule 413 in cold storage chamber 416a. It will be appreciated that microcapsule 413 in this embodiment is a micro-container containing a phase change material. The phase change material can absorb or release heat according to the carbon dioxide introduced into the cool storage chamber 416a when the temperature is changed, thereby realizing the storage and release of energy, and the microcapsule 413 with excellent performance can be obtained by selecting a proper phase change material and a preparation process. The disturbance component is a stirring device in the Zhou Sheyu cold storage cavity 416a, and is used for disturbing the microcapsule 413. The perturbation elements may promote the phase change material within the microcapsules 413 to flow within the cool storage chamber 416a, thereby increasing the heat exchange area within the cool storage chamber 416a and improving energy storage and release efficiency. The perturbation assembly can also prevent the microcapsules 413 from depositing in the cold storage chamber 416a, ensure the smoothness of the cold storage chamber 416a, and prolong the service life of the cold storage liquefier 410.
Specifically, in one embodiment, cold storage liquefier 410 has a first opening 411 and a second opening 412 in communication with cold storage chamber 416a, and nozzles 414 are disposed at first opening 411 and second opening 412, and nozzles 414 are disposed to spray toward cold storage chamber 416a. It can be appreciated that the first opening 411 and the second opening 412 are used to communicate the cold storage cavity 416a with the low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 and the energy storage pipeline 130 or the energy release pipeline 140, and the nozzle 414 is disposed at the first opening 411 and the second opening 412 towards the cold storage cavity 416a, where the nozzle 414 is a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle 414 with a special structure, and a plurality of small spray holes are disposed on the nozzle 414, so that carbon dioxide is dispersed more uniformly in the cold storage cavity 416a through the nozzle 414, so as to significantly improve the heat exchange effect.
Optionally, in an embodiment, the cold storage liquefier 410 includes an outer shell 415 and an inner shell 416, the inner shell 416 is disposed in the outer shell 415, a heat insulating layer 417 is disposed between the outer shell 415 and the inner shell 416, and the cold storage cavity 416a is disposed in the inner shell 416. It will be appreciated that in the present embodiment, the outer case 415 and the inner case 416 are both made of a metal material, and in order to improve the heat insulation capability of the cold storage liquefier 410, an insulation layer 417 is provided between the outer case 415 and the inner case 416, and the insulation layer 417 adopts an aerogel felt layer, a glass wool layer, a rock wool layer, an expanded perlite layer, foaming water or a vacuum layer, etc., so that energy loss is effectively reduced.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the cold storage liquefaction unit 400 further includes a first gas-liquid separator 420 and a second gas-liquid separator 430, the first gas-liquid separator 420 being connected between the first opening 411, the second opening 412, and the energy storage unit 200; the second gas-liquid separator 430 is connected between the first opening 411, the second opening 412 and the low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110. It can be appreciated that the first gas-liquid separator 420 is located between the first opening 411, the second opening 412 and the energy storage unit 200, and is used for separating the carbon dioxide mixed with the gas and the liquid from the second opening 412, the separated gas carbon dioxide can be delivered to the energy storage unit 200 for compression energy storage, and the liquid can flow back from the first opening 411 to the cold storage cavity 416a. The second gas-liquid separator 430 is located between the first opening 411, the second opening 412 and the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110, and is used for separating the carbon dioxide mixed with the gas and the liquid from the first opening 411, the separated liquid carbon dioxide can be delivered to the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 for storage, and the gas can flow back to the cold storage cavity 416a through the second opening 412, and the cold storage cavity 416a is liquefied again. In this way, the system can be operated more efficiently and stably, and the addition of the first gas-liquid separator 420 and the second gas-liquid separator 430 can also make the system safer and more reliable.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the outlet of the low pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110 is connected to the inlet of the throttle valve 440, the outlet of the throttle valve 440 is connected to the inlet of the first liquid pump 450, the outlet of the first liquid pump 450 is connected to the second opening 412 of the cold storage liquefier 410, the intermediate pipeline is further provided with a first switch valve 470a, the first opening 411 of the cold storage liquefier 410 is connected to the inlet of the first gas-liquid separator 420, the pipeline is provided with a third switch valve 470c, the upper end of the first gas-liquid separator 420 is connected to the energy storage unit 200, and the lower end liquid outlet returns to the front of the first liquid pump 450. The outlet of the power generation unit 300 is connected with the first opening 411 of the cold accumulation liquefier 410, a fourth switch valve 470d is arranged on the pipeline, the second opening 412 of the cold accumulation liquefier 410 is connected with the inlet of the second gas-liquid separator 430, the air outlet of the second gas-liquid separator 430 returns to the inlet loop of the cold accumulation liquefier, the liquid outlet is connected with the inlet of the second liquid pump 460, and the outlet of the second liquid pump 460 is connected to the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 110. Wherein, energy storage stage: the first and third switching valves 470a and 470c are opened, and the liquid carbon dioxide in the low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide storage tank is gasified by the cold storage liquefier 410 to be absorbed by heat and then enters the energy storage unit 200. Energy release stage: the second switching valve 470b and the fourth switching valve 470d are opened, and the gaseous carbon dioxide of the power generation unit 300 is liquefied by heat release of the cold storage liquefier 410 and then enters the low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide storage tank to be stored.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, in an embodiment, the perturbation module includes a perturbation plate 418 and a mechanical shaking device 419, the mechanical shaking device 419 is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the cold accumulation cavity 416a, one end of the perturbation plate 418 is connected to the output end of the mechanical shaking device 419, and the other end extends toward the center of the cold accumulation cavity 416a, and the mechanical shaking device 419 is used for driving the perturbation plate 418 to perturb the microcapsule 413. Specifically, the mechanical rocking device 419 may be a driving device such as an electric motor 210 or a hydraulic motor, and may drive the perturbation plate 418 to reciprocate by rotation or vibration of the driving device. The perturbation plates 418 can effectively perturb the microcapsules 413 in the cold storage cavity 416a in the reciprocating motion, and promote the phase change material in the microcapsules 413 to flow in the cold storage cavity 416a, so that the heat exchange area in the cold storage cavity 416a is increased, and the energy storage and release efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system 10 based on the packed bed type cold storage liquefier 410 further includes a heat storage unit 500, the heat storage unit 500 being connected between the energy storage unit 200 and the power generation unit 300, the heat storage unit 500 being used to perform a cold-hot cycle between the energy storage unit 200 and the power generation unit 300. It can be appreciated that the heat storage unit 500 provides energy conversion by performing heat exchange between the energy storage unit 200 and the power generation unit 300 to circulate heat and cold in the energy storage stage and the energy release stage, wherein the heat storage unit 500 absorbs heat from the energy storage unit 200 and stores it in the energy storage stage; in the energy release phase, the heat storage unit 500 releases the stored heat into the power generation unit 300 to drive the power generation unit 300 to generate power. Therefore, the energy storage and release process is more efficient, and the whole system can be more stable and reliable.
Further, the heat storage unit 500 includes a cold storage tank 510, a heat storage tank 520, and a heat transfer medium, where the cold storage tank 510 and the heat storage tank 520 are all connected to the energy storage unit 200 and the power generation unit 300 through pipes to form a heat exchange circulation loop, the heat transfer medium is disposed in the heat exchange circulation loop, and the heat transfer medium is used to absorb and store the compression heat energy in the energy storage unit 200 in the heat storage tank 520, so as to be used for heating carbon dioxide in the power generation unit 300, and then stored in the cold storage tank 510, so as to be used for the energy storage unit 200 to absorb the compression heat energy. It can be understood that the cold storage tank 510 and the heat storage tank 520 are both communicated with the energy storage unit 200 and the power generation unit 300 through pipelines to form a heat exchange circulation loop, and a heat transfer medium is disposed in the heat exchange circulation loop and is used for absorbing and storing the compression heat energy in the energy storage unit 200 in the heat storage tank 520 for heating the carbon dioxide in the power generation unit 300. This design allows energy transfer and conversion between different devices to be performed efficiently, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the system.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the energy storage unit 200 includes a motor 210, a compressor 220, and an intercooler 230, the compressor 220 and the intercooler 230 are sequentially connected between the cold storage liquefier 410 and the high pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120, the motor 210 is used for driving the compressor 220 to compress carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline 130, and the intercooler 230 is used for absorbing heat of the compressed carbon dioxide. It can be appreciated that the motor 210 drives the compressor 220 to operate, compresses the carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline 130 to increase the pressure thereof, thereby converting the electric energy into heat energy and potential energy, and then absorbs heat to cool the compressed carbon dioxide through the intercooler 230, and the intercooler 230 stores the heat energy into the heat storage tank 520 through the heat-conducting medium so as to provide heat energy during subsequent power generation. In this way, compression and cooling of the carbon dioxide is made more efficient and safer.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the power generation unit 300 includes a generator 310, an expander 320, and a heater 330, the heater 330 and the expander 320 being sequentially connected between the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank 120 and the cold storage liquefier 410, the heater 330 being configured to heat carbon dioxide introduced into the expander 320, the expander 320 being configured to drive the generator 310 connected thereto to generate power. It will be appreciated that the heater 330 uses the heat energy stored in the heat storage tank 520 to heat the carbon dioxide introduced into the expander 320 to make the carbon dioxide become gaseous, and then drives the generator 310 to generate electricity through the expander 320, and the heat conducting medium flows to the cold storage tank 510 to store after releasing the heat energy, so as to circulate.
In embodiments of the utility model, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier, comprising:
the carbon dioxide storage unit comprises a low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and a high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, and the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank are connected through an energy storage pipeline and an energy release pipeline to form a closed circulation loop;
the energy storage unit is arranged in the energy storage pipeline and is used for compressing and storing the carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline and leading the compressed and stored carbon dioxide to the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank;
the power generation unit is arranged in the energy release pipeline and is used for generating power by energy released by carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline;
the cold storage liquefying unit comprises a cold storage liquefier, the cold storage liquefier is communicated between the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the energy storage unit and between the energy generation unit, and the cold storage liquefier is used for absorbing heat of carbon dioxide in the energy release pipeline and releasing heat of carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline.
2. The liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier of claim 1, wherein the cold storage liquefier has a cold storage cavity, the cold storage liquefying unit further comprises microcapsules and a plurality of groups of disturbance components, the microcapsules are filled in the cold storage cavity, phase change materials are packaged in the microcapsules, the plurality of groups of disturbance components Zhou Sheyu are arranged in the cold storage cavity, and the disturbance components are used for disturbing the microcapsules in the cold storage cavity.
3. The liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier of claim 2, wherein the cold storage liquefier has a first opening and a second opening in communication with the cold storage chamber, the first opening and the second opening each being provided with a nozzle for spraying towards the cold storage chamber.
4. The liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier of claim 3, wherein the cold storage liquefier comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, the inner shell is disposed in the outer shell, a thermal insulation layer is disposed between the outer shell and the inner shell, and the cold storage cavity is disposed in the inner shell.
5. The packed bed cold storage liquefier-based liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system of claim 4, wherein the cold storage liquefaction unit further comprises a first gas-liquid separator and a second gas-liquid separator, the first gas-liquid separator being connected between the first opening, the second opening, and the energy storage unit; the second gas-liquid separator is connected between the first opening, the second opening and the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank.
6. The liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system based on a packed bed cold storage liquefier according to claim 2, wherein the disturbance component comprises a disturbance plate and a mechanical shaking device, the mechanical shaking device is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cold storage cavity, one end of the disturbance plate is connected to the output end of the mechanical shaking device, the other end of the disturbance plate extends towards the center of the cold storage cavity, and the mechanical shaking device is used for driving the disturbance plate to disturb the microcapsules.
7. The packed bed cold storage liquefier-based liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a heat storage unit connected between the energy storage unit and the power generation unit for performing a cold and hot cycle between the energy storage unit and the power generation unit.
8. The packed bed cold storage liquefier-based liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system of claim 7, wherein the heat storage unit comprises a cold storage tank, a heat storage tank and a heat transfer medium, the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank are communicated with the energy storage unit and the power generation unit through pipelines to form a heat exchange circulation loop, the heat transfer medium is arranged in the heat exchange circulation loop, and the heat transfer medium is used for absorbing and storing compression heat energy in the energy storage unit in the heat storage tank for heating carbon dioxide in the power generation unit and then storing the compression heat energy in the cold storage tank for absorbing the compression heat energy by the energy storage unit.
9. The packed bed cold storage liquefier-based liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the energy storage unit comprises a motor, a compressor and an intercooler, the compressor and the intercooler are sequentially connected between the cold storage liquefier and the high pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, the motor is used for driving the compressor to compress carbon dioxide in the energy storage pipeline, and the intercooler is used for absorbing heat of the compressed carbon dioxide.
10. The packed bed cold storage liquefier-based liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the power generation unit comprises a generator, an expander and a heater, the heater and the expander are sequentially connected between the high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide storage tank and the cold storage liquefier, the heater is used for heating carbon dioxide fed into the expander, and the expander is used for driving the generator connected with the expander to generate power.
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