CN117587642A - 一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN117587642A
CN117587642A CN202311663920.7A CN202311663920A CN117587642A CN 117587642 A CN117587642 A CN 117587642A CN 202311663920 A CN202311663920 A CN 202311663920A CN 117587642 A CN117587642 A CN 117587642A
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张积财
李鹏
张涛
王浩楠
郭学彬
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Cta Hi Tech Textiles Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法，包括如下步骤：S1：对织物进行轧光预处理，得到骨架层；S2：将步骤S1中得到的骨架层进行单面涂层；S3：挤出流延涂覆：双面覆膜TPU层，得到绿色环保型柔性复合织物。本发明有益效果：采用该种方法制备的TPU柔性复合材料应用于劳动保护、防水箱包以及医疗充气床垫等产品，可替代传统油性涂层生产工艺，生产工艺环保，材料性能基本一致且无溶剂残留等问题。

Description

一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于涂层复合行业技术领域，尤其是涉及一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法。
背景技术
TPU柔性复合材料具有优异的气密性、耐磨性、耐低温性，质轻高强，是橡胶涂覆织物和PVC涂覆织物的理想替代材料，广泛应用于航空救生、医疗救护、户外休闲等方面。目前TPU柔性复合材料，主要采用溶剂聚氨酯树脂将TPU功能层与纺织材料进行粘合，但是油性聚氨酯树脂在生产过程中会产生大量的有机挥发物，需要专业设备进行处理达标后排放，增加企业的碳排放量。TPU柔性复合材料生产过程需要向色环保工艺发展已成为行业未来发展趋势。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提出一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法，水性聚氨酯配方体系涂层施胶工艺，采用该种方法制备的TPU柔性复合材料应用于劳动保护、防水箱包以及医疗充气床垫等产品，可替代传统油性涂层生产工艺，生产工艺环保，材料性能基本一致且无溶剂残留等问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：对织物进行轧光预处理，得到骨架层；
S2：将步骤S1中得到的骨架层进行单面涂层；
S3：挤出流延涂覆：双面覆膜TPU层，得到绿色环保型柔性复合织物。
进一步地，步骤S1中在轧光机上对织物进行轧光处理，轧光机的轧辊温度为110-130℃，得到预处理后织物。
进一步地，步骤S1中的骨架层为200D-840D织物，材料包括尼龙、涤纶中的一种。
进一步地，粘结层质量份包括：水性聚氨酯乳液80-100份；
水性丙烯酸树脂10-20份；
非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂0.5-1份；
异氰酸酯固化剂2-4份。
进一步地，将水性聚氨酯树脂和水性丙烯酸树脂按照比例进行混合，分步添加非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂，增稠到8000-10000mPa·s，最后按照比例添加异氰酸酯固化剂，充分搅拌，混合后静置1-1.5h脱泡后使用，通过刀刮涂层的方式将混合树脂涂覆到骨架材料。
进一步地，步骤S2中采用网线辊转移涂层或喷涂的方式向预处理后织物的轧光面进行涂胶，涂胶时，胶的粘度为8000mPa·s，用量为18-22g/m2，然后经过烘箱加热干燥，烘燥温度为150-170℃，烘燥时间为2-4min，得到涂层织物。
进一步地，TPU层厚度为0.1-0.3mm，聚醚型TPU颗粒料，经过挤出流延涂覆机的螺杆高温熔融塑化后，通过厚度精密控制的扁平模头均匀挤出成膜，然后与涂层织物进行贴合，得到绿色环保型柔性复合织物。
一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法制备得到的复合织物，包括TPU层、粘合层、骨架材料，TPU层、粘合层、骨架材料依次设置。
进一步地，骨架层为200D-840D织物，材料包括尼龙、涤纶中的一种；
粘结层质量份包括：水性聚氨酯乳液80-100份；
水性丙烯酸树脂10-20份；
非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂0.5-1份；
异氰酸酯固化剂2-4份。
相较于传统溶剂型聚氨酯涂层工艺，本方法采用以水代替有机溶剂作为分散介质的聚氨酯体系，有着无污染、安全可靠、机械性能优良、相容性好、易于改性等优点。
进一步地，TPU层为聚醚型TPU颗粒料。
相对于现有技术，本发明所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法具有以下优势：
本方法区别于传统溶剂型涂层工艺，大多数水性聚氨酯胶黏剂是线型热塑性聚氨酯，分子量较低，再加上分子链中含有亲水基团，因此其耐水性能相对较差；水性聚氨酯胶黏剂中含有大量的水，水的表面张力约为普通溶剂的3倍，因此对低能表面材料润湿能力差，复合材料存在层间剥离低的问题，本发明创新性的将水性聚氨酯用于气密型耐水洗复合材料制备，材料性能与溶剂型聚氨酯涂层材料性能相近；创新性的将水性聚氨酯与水性丙烯酸酯复配，通过化合反应，解决了水性聚氨酯耐水性能差、层间剥离低等问题，制备了高剥离强力，高耐水洗的TPU柔性复合材料，性能能够达到溶剂型涂层体系同等水平，同时生产过程中低碳环保，无有毒有害气体排放，属于绿色生产工艺，材料无溶剂残留问题。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面将结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
实施例1
一种绿色环保型TPU柔性复合织物，其从上到下依次包括：骨架材料-粘合层-TPU层其中，制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：织物预处理：骨架材料为旦数为200D的尼龙布，在轧光机上对织物进行轧光处理，轧光机的轧辊温度为120℃，得到预处理后织物。
步骤二：涂胶：粘合层在骨架材料的单面涂层，按质量份含有水性聚氨酯乳液100份，水性丙烯酸树脂10份，非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂1份，异氰酸酯固化剂2份。将水性聚氨酯树脂以及水性丙烯酸树脂按照比例进行混合，分步添加增稠剂，将混合树脂增稠到8000-10000mPa·s，最后按照比例添加交联剂，充分搅拌，混合后静置1h脱泡后使用，通过刀刮涂层的方式将混合树脂涂覆到骨架材料，涂胶量18-22g/m2，烘燥温度为160℃，烘干时间2-4min，得到涂层织物。
步骤三：挤出流延涂覆：TPU层厚度为0.1mm，聚醚型TPU颗粒料，经过挤出流延涂覆机的螺杆高温熔融塑化后，通过厚度精密控制的扁平模头均匀挤出成膜，然后与涂层织物进行热压贴合，得到成品。
对比例1
步骤一：织物预处理：骨架材料为旦数为200D的尼龙布，在轧光机上对织物进行轧光处理，轧光机的轧辊温度为120℃，得到预处理后织物。
步骤二：涂胶：粘合层在骨架材料的单面涂层，按质量份含有溶剂型聚氨酯粘合剂80份，多异氰酸酯架桥剂4份，溶剂(TOL或甲苯)30份，通过刀刮涂层的方式将混合树脂涂覆到骨架材料。涂胶量20g/m2，烘干时间2-4min得到涂层织物；
步骤三：挤出流延涂覆：TPU层厚度为0.1mm，聚醚型TPU颗粒料，经过挤出流延涂覆机的螺杆高温熔融塑化后，通过厚度精密控制的扁平模头均匀挤出成膜，然后与涂层织物进行热压贴合，得到成品。
与实施例1的区别在于将水性聚氨酯乳液替换为溶剂型聚氨酯乳液；
对比例2
步骤一：织物预处理：骨架材料为旦数为200D的尼龙布，在轧光机上对织物进行轧光处理，轧光机的轧辊温度为120℃，得到预处理后织物。
步骤二：涂胶：粘合层在骨架材料的单面涂层，按质量份含有水性聚氨酯乳液100份，非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂1份，异氰酸酯固化剂2份。分步添加增稠剂，将水性聚氨酯树脂增稠到8000-10000mPa·s，最后按照比例添加交联剂，充分搅拌，混合后静置1h脱泡后使用，通过刀刮涂层的方式将混合树脂涂覆到骨架材料，涂胶量18-22g/m2，烘燥温度为160℃，烘干时间2-4min，得到涂层织物。
步骤三：挤出流延涂覆：TPU层厚度为0.1mm，聚醚型TPU颗粒料，经过挤出流延涂覆机的螺杆高温熔融塑化后，通过厚度精密控制的扁平模头均匀挤出成膜，然后与涂层织物进行热压贴合，得到成品。
与实施例1的区别在于：未添加水性丙烯酸树脂复配，直接使用水性聚氨酯树脂涂层。
从上表可以看出去，相较于油性聚氨酯，直接使用水性聚氨酯体系在剥离力以及耐水洗方面仍然存在一定的差异。为了改善水性聚氨酯的缺点，本方法选用聚醚型水性聚氨酯(粒径：0.001-0.1微米，外观半透明)，通过添加水性丙烯酸树脂改善聚氨酯的剥离力、耐水洗以及氯漂性能。
水性聚氨酯树脂的参数如表2所示，增稠剂主要对水性聚氨酯树脂进行增稠，粘度增加大8000-10000Pa·s，适合涂层工艺，减少渗透，避免手感僵硬，交联剂，加速水性PU烘干成膜，增强粘合层的内聚力，从而提高粘合层的剥离力以及耐水洗性。
表1水性聚氨酯主要性能参数
环保型 水性产品 型号 S-339B
外观 微白、微透明 固含 45％
粘度 ≤60s PH值 8.0±1
表2传统溶剂型涂层工艺与水性涂层工艺所得复合材料主要对比
将水性聚氨酯用于气密型耐水洗复合材料制备，材料性能与溶剂型聚氨酯涂层材料性能相近；创新性的将水性聚氨酯与水性丙烯酸酯复配，通过化合反应，解决了水性聚氨酯耐水性能差、层间剥离低等问题，制备了高剥离强力，高耐水洗的TPU柔性复合材料，性能能够达到溶剂型涂层体系同等水平，同时生产过程中低碳环保，无有毒有害气体排放，属于绿色生产工艺，材料无溶剂残留问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例2
一种绿色环保型TPU柔性复合织物，其从上到下依次包括：骨架材料-粘合层-TPU层其中，制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：织物预处理：骨架材料为旦数为600D的涤纶布，在轧光机上对织物进行轧光处理，轧光机的轧辊温度为150℃，得到预处理后织物。
步骤二：涂胶：粘合层在骨架材料的单面涂层，按质量份含有水性聚氨酯乳液80份，水性丙烯酸树脂20份，非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂1份，异氰酸酯固化剂4份。将水性聚氨酯树脂以及水性丙烯酸树脂按照比例进行混合，分步添加增稠剂，将混合树脂增稠到8000-10000mPa·s，最后按照比例添加交联剂，充分搅拌，混合后静置1h脱泡后使用，通过刀刮涂层的方式将混合树脂涂覆到骨架材料，涂胶量30-40g/m2，烘燥温度为180℃，烘干时间5min，得到涂层织物。
步骤三：挤出流延涂覆：TPU层厚度为0.2-0.3mm，聚醚型TPU颗粒料，经过挤出流延涂覆机的螺杆高温熔融塑化后，通过厚度精密控制的扁平模头均匀挤出成膜，然后与涂层织物进行热压贴合，得到成品。
表3效果对照
如表3所示，通过对比例1和对比例2能够看出，在相同克重的情况下，层间剥离力远远小于实施例1。

Claims (10)

1.一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
S1：对织物进行轧光预处理，得到骨架层；
S2：将步骤S1中得到的骨架层进行单面涂层；
S3：挤出流延涂覆：双面覆膜TPU层，得到绿色环保型柔性复合织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S1中在轧光机上对织物进行轧光处理，轧光机的轧辊温度为110-130℃，得到预处理后织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S1中的骨架层为200D-840D织物，材料包括尼龙、涤纶中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：粘结层质量份包括：水性聚氨酯乳液80-100份；
水性丙烯酸树脂10-20份；
非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂0.5-1份；
异氰酸酯固化剂2-4份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：将水性聚氨酯树脂和水性丙烯酸树脂按照比例进行混合，分步添加非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂，增稠到8000-10000mPa·s，最后按照比例添加异氰酸酯固化剂，充分搅拌，混合后静置1-1.5h脱泡后使用，通过刀刮涂层的方式将混合树脂涂覆到骨架材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S2中采用网线辊转移涂层或喷涂的方式向预处理后织物的轧光面进行涂胶，涂胶时，胶的粘度为8000-10000mPa·s，用量为18-22g/m2，然后经过烘箱加热干燥，烘燥温度为150-170℃，烘燥时间为2-4min，得到涂层织物。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法，其特征在于：TPU层厚度为0.1-0.3mm，聚醚型TPU颗粒料，经过挤出流延涂覆机的螺杆高温熔融塑化后，通过厚度精密控制的扁平模头均匀挤出成膜，然后与涂层织物进行贴合，得到绿色环保型柔性复合织物。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物的制备方法制备得到的复合织物，其特征在于：包括TPU层、粘合层、骨架材料，TPU层、粘合层、骨架材料依次设置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的复合织物，其特征在于：骨架层为200D-840D织物，材料包括尼龙、涤纶中的一种；
粘结层质量份包括：水性聚氨酯乳液80-100份；
水性丙烯酸树脂10-20份；
非离子聚氨酯缔合型增稠剂0.5-1份；
异氰酸酯固化剂2-4份。
10.根据权利要求8所述的复合织物，其特征在于：TPU层为聚醚型TPU颗粒料。
CN202311663920.7A 2023-12-06 2023-12-06 一种绿色环保型柔性复合织物及其制备方法 Pending CN117587642A (zh)

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