CN117585470B - Quantitative loading method - Google Patents
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- CN117585470B CN117585470B CN202311825314.0A CN202311825314A CN117585470B CN 117585470 B CN117585470 B CN 117585470B CN 202311825314 A CN202311825314 A CN 202311825314A CN 117585470 B CN117585470 B CN 117585470B
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of transportation devices, in particular to a quantitative loading method, which comprises the following steps: the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the front end of the wagon carriage and then is stopped; the bottom of the blanking chute is attached to the bottom plate of the truck carriage, bulk materials are loaded into the truck carriage through the blanking chute, and the density of the bulk materials and the required loading height are calculated according to the shape and the height of blanking accumulation; the blanking chute is lifted to the required loading height and then is continuously loaded, the truck slowly moves forward, and the actual loading quality of the truck is required in real time: According toAnd (3) withThe height of the blanking chute is adjusted by the difference value; when the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the rear end of the wagon carriage, calculating the stacking height of the rear end to reach the required loading heightThe actual loading mass of the truck requiredAccording toAnd (3) withThe height of the blanking chute is adjusted by the difference value between the two. The method provided by the invention realizes quantitative and uniform loading and improves the stability of the truck in the transportation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of conveying devices, in particular to a quantitative loading method.
Background
When the freight car is loaded with cargoes, the loading efficiency can be greatly improved by using an automation technology, and overload problems can be avoided to a certain extent by means of automatic loading and weighing and the like. For example, using weight sensors and an automated control system to monitor the loading weight of the truck. These sensors can monitor the weight of the load in real time, ensuring that it is not overloaded. If a potential overload condition is detected, the system may automatically stop the loading process or provide a warning for adjustment.
Although the above method solves the problem of overweight loading, the problem of loading uniformity is not properly solved. Uneven loading can increase instability and flash risk during transportation. While the prior art has been directed to cement loading by means of radar detection, the radar can acquire the shape of the bulk material loaded in the freight car in real time, thereby achieving loading uniformity through a series of controls over loading. However, the radar has high price, high deployment cost, high calculation cost and higher delay in control, and the radar alone cannot accurately charge due to different bulk density, so that the problem of uneven loading is difficult to completely solve. Moreover, during loading, the coordination between the driver driving the vehicle and the loader is very demanding. If the driving speed of a driver is too slow, bulk materials can be accumulated on a truck, so that the loading is uneven, the transportation process is unstable, and even the bulk materials are scattered in the middle; if the length of the truck is large, a large number of voids may be left in the final part of the loading, which may also lead to unstable loading.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a quantitative loading method, which is used for monitoring and calculating the actual loading quality of a truck, wherein the actual loading quality of the truck is required by the stacking height reaching the required loading height, comparing the actual loading quality with the actually measured blanking quality of a belt scale, and adjusting the height of a blanking chute in real time according to a difference value, so that quantitative and uniform loading is realized, and the stability of the truck in the transportation process is improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of quantitatively loading vehicles comprising the steps of:
d1: firstly, lifting a blanking chute to a height higher than that of a truck carriage, accurately monitoring that the truck reaches an initial position appointed by a loading area through a range finder, and stopping the truck after the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the front end of the truck carriage;
D2: the height of the blanking chute is adjusted to enable the bottom of the blanking chute to be attached to the bottom plate of the truck carriage, then the conveyor belt starts to run to load bulk materials into the truck carriage through the blanking chute, the bulk materials are stopped after the initial set time is reached, and the density of the bulk materials is calculated according to the shape and the height of the blanking stack Required loading height/>；
D3: lifting the blanking chute to a height from the bottom plate of the wagon carriage of the wagonAnd then continuously charging, slowly advancing the truck, and calculating the early stacking height to reach/>, according to the formula (1)The actual loading mass of the truck required/>：
（1）；
Wherein: indicating the mass of bulk material loaded when the initial set time is reached,/> Indicating the height of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andRepresenting the stable angle of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andRepresenting the boxcar length,/>Representing the width of a boxcar,/>Representing the real-time distance between the truck bed tail and the rangefinder,/>Representing the distance between the tail of the wagon box and the range finder at the initial position;
D4: to be calculated With the measured blanking quality of the belt scale/>Compare and according to/>And/>The height of the blanking chute is adjusted by the difference value;
D5: when the truck forwards runs until the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the rear end of the truck carriage, calculating the stacking height of the rear end according to the formula (2) to reach the required loading height The actual loading mass of the truck required/>And will calculate/>With the measured blanking quality of the belt scale/>Compare and according to/>And/>The height of the blanking chute is adjusted by the difference value between the two:
（2）；
Wherein: Representing the scaling factor.
Further, in step D4, the blanking chute height is adjusted according to formula (3):
（3）；
Wherein: Representing the height of the blanking chute to be adjusted,/> Indicating the adjustment interval.
Further, bulk density is calculated according to formula (4) in step D2：
（4）。
Further, in step D2, the required loading height is calculated according to equation (5)：
（5）；
Wherein: Indicating the total mass of the load required by the truck.
Preferably, the initial setting time in the step D2 is that the height from the beginning of the bulk material falling to the semicircle formed by piling on the carriage bottom plate isTime required for the time.
Optimally, the level gauge monitors the height of the blanking chute.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the invention, the actual loading quality of the truck is monitored and calculated in real time when the stacking height reaches the required loading height, the actual loading quality of the truck is compared with the actually measured blanking quality of the belt scale, and the height of the blanking chute is adjusted in real time according to the difference value, so that quantitative and uniform loading is realized, and the stability of the truck in the transportation process is improved. And when the actual loading quality of the truck is needed when the stacking height reaches the needed loading height, the real-time monitoring and calculating are divided into a front stage and a rear stage when the blanking chute is positioned at the rear end of the truck carriage, and the loading uniformity can be further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the stable angle of the half cone formed by the bulk material falling onto the truck box when the initial set time is reachedIs a schematic diagram of (a).
In the figure: 1. the automatic weighing system comprises a range finder, a truck carriage, a blanking chute, a level gauge, a conveyor belt and a belt scale.
Detailed Description
A quantitative loading method is shown in a flow chart as shown in fig. 1, a system chart as shown in fig. 2, and specifically comprises the following steps:
D1: firstly, lifting a blanking chute 3 to a height higher than that of a truck carriage 2, accurately monitoring that the truck reaches an initial position appointed by a loading area through a range finder 1, and stopping the truck after the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the front end of the truck carriage; the distance meter can monitor the distance between the tail part of the truck carriage and the distance meter to determine the position of the truck and the position of the blanking chute relative to the truck carriage; firstly, lifting the blanking chute to a height higher than that of the boxcar, facilitating the passing of the boxcar, and stopping the boxcar after the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the front end of the boxcar;
d2: the height of the blanking chute is adjusted to enable the bottom of the blanking chute to be attached to the bottom plate of the truck carriage, then the conveyor belt 5 starts to run to load bulk materials into the truck carriage through the blanking chute, the bulk materials are stopped after the initial set time is reached, and the density of the bulk materials is calculated according to the shape and the height of the blanking stack Required loading height/>; The bottom of the blanking chute is an arc gap, when the blanking chute is used for initial blanking, the bottommost part of the blanking chute can be propped against the bottom plate of the truck carriage, bulk materials flow out of the arc gap beside the bottom plate of the truck carriage and are piled up into half hills at the arc gap, when the concrete calculation is carried out, the piled bulk material volume can be simplified into a cuboid and cones with two sides cut vertically, and then the bulk material density/> can be calculated according to the piled bulk material shapeRequired loading height of bulk material/>；
Specifically, bulk density can be calculated according to formula (4)Calculating the required loading height/> according to equation (5)：
（4）；
（5）；
Wherein: indicating the mass of bulk material loaded when the initial set time is reached,/> Indicating the height of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andRepresenting the stable angle of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andThe angle is shown in FIG. 3,/>Representing the total mass of the load required for a truck,/>Representing the boxcar length,/>Representing the width of the boxcar.
D3: lifting the blanking chute to a height from the bottom plate of the wagon carriage of the wagonAnd then continuously charging, slowly advancing the truck, and calculating the early stacking height to reach/>, according to the formula (1)The actual loading mass of the truck required/>：
Due to earlier calculation of bulk densityRequired loading height/>The bulk volume is reduced to a cuboid and a cone with two sides cut vertically, so the calculated bulk density/>Required loading height/>There may be a bias, calculated/>, using these two valuesThe blanking quality is measured by the belt scale 6The blanking chute has a deviation, and the blanking chute is blocked possibly due to lower height, and the deviation between the blanking chute and the blanking chute can be caused, so that the deviation value between the blanking chute and the blanking chute is calculated in real time, and the height of the blanking chute is adjusted in real time, so that the uniformity of charging can be ensured;
（1）；
Wherein: indicating the mass of bulk material loaded when the initial set time is reached,/> Indicating the height of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andRepresenting the stable angle of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andRepresenting the boxcar length,/>Representing the width of a boxcar,/>Representing the real-time distance between the truck bed tail and the rangefinder,/>Representing the distance between the tail of the wagon box and the range finder at the initial position;
D4: to be calculated With the measured blanking quality of the belt scale/>Comparison, if/>Less than/>Raising the height of the blanking chute, if/>Greater than/>The height of the blanking chute is reduced to ensure that/>Infinite proximity to/>；
D5: when the truck forwards runs until the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the rear end of the truck carriage, calculating the stacking height of the rear end according to the formula (2) to reach the required loading heightThe actual loading mass of the truck required/>And will/>Actual measurement of blanking quality with belt scaleComparison, if/>Less than/>Raising the height of the blanking chute, if/>Greater than/>The height of the blanking chute is reduced to ensure that/>Infinite proximity to/>：
（2）；
Wherein: Representing the proportionality coefficient,/> Can be obtained from experimental data of bulk material manufacturers, which are related to the properties of bulk materials.
According to the method, the actual loading quality of the truck required when the stacking height reaches the required loading height can be monitored and calculated in real time, the actual loading quality of the truck is compared with the actually measured blanking quality of the belt scale, and the height of the blanking chute is adjusted in real time according to the difference value, so that quantitative and uniform loading is realized, the stability of the truck in the transportation process is improved, and when the actual loading quality of the truck required when the stacking height reaches the required loading height is calculated, the actual loading quality of the truck is divided into a front stage and a two stage for consideration when the blanking chute is positioned at the rear end of a truck carriage, and the loading uniformity can be further improved. Because the bulk material stacking shape is changed when the blanking chute is positioned at the rear end of the wagon carriage, the volume of the bulk material stacking shape can be simplified into a cuboid multiplied by a proportionality coefficient alpha, and if the actual loading quality of the wagon is calculated in real time when the stacking height reaches the required loading height by using a previous calculation formula, great deviation can be generated, so that the loading uniformity is influenced.
Further, in step D4, the blanking chute height is adjusted according to formula (3):
（3）；
Wherein: Representing the height of the blanking chute to be adjusted,/> Represents an adjustment interval, representing the following length/>, along the cabinCompensating for poor quality in range, if/>Less than the remaining loading length, direct fetch/>Equal to the remaining loading length.
Preferably, the initial setting time in the step D2 is that the height from the beginning of the bulk material falling to the semicircle formed by piling on the carriage bottom plate isTime required for the time.
Optimally, the material level gauge 4 monitors the height of the blanking chute, and is convenient for adjusting the height of the blanking chute in real time.
In summary, the invention provides a quantitative loading method, which monitors and calculates the actual loading quality of a truck required by the stacking height reaching the required loading height in real time, compares the actual loading quality with the actually measured blanking quality of a belt scale, and adjusts the height of a blanking chute in real time according to the difference value, thereby realizing quantitative and uniform loading and improving the stability of the truck in the transportation process.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of quantitatively loading vehicles, comprising the steps of:
d1: firstly, lifting a blanking chute to a height higher than that of a truck carriage, accurately monitoring that the truck reaches an initial position appointed by a loading area through a range finder, and stopping the truck after the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the front end of the truck carriage;
D2: the height of the blanking chute is adjusted to enable the bottom of the blanking chute to be attached to the bottom plate of the truck carriage, then the conveyor belt starts to run to load bulk materials into the truck carriage through the blanking chute, the bulk materials are stopped after the initial set time is reached, and the density of the bulk materials is calculated according to the shape and the height of the blanking stack Required loading height/>；
D3: lifting the blanking chute to a height from the bottom plate of the wagon carriage of the wagonAnd then continuously charging, slowly advancing the truck, and calculating the early stacking height to reach/>, according to the formula (1)The actual loading mass of the truck required/>：
（1）；
Wherein: indicating the mass of bulk material loaded when the initial set time is reached,/> Indicating the height of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andRepresenting the stable angle of a semicircle cone formed by the bulk material falling onto a truck carriage when reaching the initial set time,/>, andRepresenting the boxcar length,/>Representing the width of a boxcar,/>Representing the real-time distance between the truck bed tail and the rangefinder,/>Representing the distance between the tail of the wagon box and the range finder at the initial position;
D4: to be calculated With the measured blanking quality of the belt scale/>Compare and according to/>And/>The height of the blanking chute is adjusted by the difference value;
D5: when the truck forwards runs until the blanking chute is positioned in the middle of the rear end of the truck carriage, calculating the stacking height of the rear end according to the formula (2) to reach the required loading height The actual loading mass of the truck required/>And will calculate/>With the measured blanking quality of the belt scale/>Compare and according to/>And/>The height of the blanking chute is adjusted by the difference value between the two:
（2）；
Wherein: Representing the scaling factor.
2. The method of quantitative loading according to claim 1, wherein the blanking chute height is adjusted according to formula (3) in step D4:
（3）；
Wherein: Representing the height of the blanking chute to be adjusted,/> Indicating the adjustment interval.
3. The method of quantitative loading according to claim 1, wherein the bulk density is calculated according to formula (4) in step D2：
（4）。
4. A method of quantitatively loading as defined in claim 3, wherein the required loading height is calculated according to formula (5) in step D2：
（5）；
Wherein: Indicating the total mass of the load required by the truck.
5. The method of quantitative loading according to claim 1, wherein the initial set time in the step D2 is a time from the start of the bulk material falling to the height of a semicircle formed by stacking on the floor of the carTime required for the time.
6. A method of quantitatively loading according to claim 1, wherein the level gauge monitors the height of the blanking chute.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311825314.0A CN117585470B (en) | 2023-12-28 | Quantitative loading method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311825314.0A CN117585470B (en) | 2023-12-28 | Quantitative loading method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117585470A CN117585470A (en) | 2024-02-23 |
| CN117585470B true CN117585470B (en) | 2024-06-25 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108792662A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-13 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic continuous and quantitative loading system of railway freight train and method |
| CN109292483A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-01 | 天津美腾科技有限公司 | Intelligent loading method and device |
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108792662A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-13 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic continuous and quantitative loading system of railway freight train and method |
| CN109292483A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-01 | 天津美腾科技有限公司 | Intelligent loading method and device |
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